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Exploring Animal Abuse Proclivity, Everyday Sadism, and Attitudes Toward Animals in Cyprus 探索动物虐待倾向,日常虐待,和态度对待动物在塞浦路斯
2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1080/08927936.2023.2268980
Alexia Zalaf
ABSTRACTThis study examined the relationships between animal abuse proclivity, everyday sadism, and attitudes toward animals in Cyprus. Past research found relationships between animal abuse proclivity and attitudes toward animals, and animal abuse proclivity and sadism, but much of this research is still in its early stages. There is currently no research incorporating these three constructs into one analysis. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to further explore these relationships and determine links between constructs that had not been previously studied together. For the study, 263 people were recruited from the general population of Cyprus. Participants were requested to provide demographic details and fill in the Animal Abuse Proclivity Scale, the Short Sadistic Impulse Scale, and the Attitudes Toward the Treatment of Animals Scale. Data were collected online with Greek and English versions of the questionnaires being made available. The data were subsequently merged, and path analyses were conducted to investigate the relationships. Animal abuse proclivity, specifically the Thrill subscale, was predicted by greater everyday sadism, less positive attitudes toward animals, and being female. The animal abuse proclivity Power subscale was predicted by less positive attitudes toward animals. More positive attitudes toward animals were predicted by being female and older, but attitudes toward animals were not predicted by either of the two key constructs. Finally, greater everyday sadism was predicted by less positive attitudes toward animals, younger age, and being male. Demographic differences were also identified in the analysis. The discussion highlights the significance of supporting the findings of previous studies and tentatively identifies new relationships worthy of future examination.KEYWORDS: Animal abuse proclivityattitudes toward animalsCypruseveryday sadismexploratory researchhuman–animal interaction Disclosure StatementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.
摘要本研究探讨了塞浦路斯动物虐待倾向、日常虐待和对待动物态度之间的关系。过去的研究发现了虐待动物倾向和对待动物的态度之间的关系,以及虐待动物倾向和虐待狂之间的关系,但大部分研究仍处于早期阶段。目前还没有研究将这三种结构合并到一个分析中。因此,本研究的目的是进一步探索这些关系,并确定以前没有一起研究过的构念之间的联系。在这项研究中,263人从塞浦路斯的一般人口中被招募。参与者被要求提供详细的人口统计资料,并填写动物虐待倾向量表、短暂虐待冲动量表和对待动物态度量表。数据在网上收集,并提供了希腊语和英语版本的调查问卷。随后对数据进行合并,并进行通径分析以调查其关系。动物虐待倾向,特别是刺激子量表,与日常虐待倾向、对动物的不积极态度和女性有关。虐待动物倾向力分量表可以通过对动物不太积极的态度来预测。女性和年龄越大,对动物的态度越积极,但这两个关键构念都无法预测对动物的态度。最后,对动物的态度不积极、年龄较小和为男性预示着更大的日常虐待狂。在分析中也发现了人口统计学上的差异。讨论强调了支持先前研究结果的重要性,并初步确定了值得未来研究的新关系。关键词:虐待动物倾向;对待动物的态度;日常虐待;探索性研究;
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引用次数: 0
A Cross-Cultural Study of Veterinarians’ Attitudes to the Euthanasia of Companion Animals 兽医对伴侣动物安乐死态度的跨文化研究
2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1080/08927936.2023.2266925
Helen Kabboush, István Fodor, László Ózsvári, Szilvia Vetter
ABSTRACTThe attitudes of veterinarians to the euthanasia of companion animals were investigated using an online questionnaire in Hungary (n = 93), Sweden (n = 145), and Jordan (n = 40). The questions concerned the number of euthanasia performed and the reasons for and circumstances surrounding them, the veterinarians’ opinions on four clinical cases, and the mental burden associated with euthanasia (using a 7-point Likert scale). The monthly number of euthanasia performed by the veterinarians was significantly related to the country (highest in Sweden), but no differences were found by age group (≤ 34 years, 35–54 years, ≥ 55 years) or gender. Untreatable conditions were the most common reason for euthanasia in all countries, but old age was also an important factor in Sweden. Swedish respondents were the most likely, and Jordanians the least likely, to fulfill euthanasia requests about aggressive, but otherwise healthy, animals. The reported mental burden of euthanasia was lowest in Sweden and highest in Jordan, and male veterinarians reported a lower burden than female veterinarians. The attachment of owners to their animals was not associated with the ethical burden of euthanasia experienced by the respondents. Veterinarians who performed more euthanasia per month reported a lower ethical burden. Most respondents considered what they had learned about the topic during their university education to be insufficient. According to our model, veterinarians’ attitudes toward euthanasia are associated with a combination of personal (gender, age, training background) and social (cultural, religious background) factors. Further research on this topic is important, not only for animal welfare rules and practices but also for the protection of veterinarians’ mental health.KEYWORDS: Attitudescross-culturalethicseuthanasiahuman–animal interactionveterinarian Disclosure StatementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Additional informationFundingThe Project was supported by the European Union and co-financed by the European Social Fund: EFOP-3.6.3-VEKOP-16-2017-00005 “Strengthening the scientific replacement by supporting the academic workshops and programs of students, developing a mentoring process.”
摘要采用在线问卷调查匈牙利(n = 93)、瑞典(n = 145)和约旦(n = 40)的兽医对伴侣动物安乐死的态度。问题涉及实施安乐死的次数、原因和情况、兽医对四个临床病例的意见,以及与安乐死相关的精神负担(使用7分李克特量表)。兽医每月实施安乐死的次数与国家显著相关(瑞典最高),但与年龄组(≤34岁、35-54岁、≥55岁)或性别没有差异。在所有国家,无法治愈的疾病是安乐死最常见的原因,但在瑞典,年老也是一个重要因素。瑞典的受访者最有可能满足对攻击性但健康的动物实施安乐死的要求,而约旦的受访者则最不可能。据报道,安乐死的精神负担在瑞典最低,在约旦最高,男性兽医的负担比女性兽医低。主人对他们的动物的依恋与被调查者所经历的安乐死的伦理负担无关。每月实施更多安乐死的兽医报告道德负担较低。大多数受访者认为他们在大学教育期间对这一主题的了解不足。根据我们的模型,兽医对安乐死的态度与个人(性别、年龄、培训背景)和社会(文化、宗教背景)因素相结合。进一步研究这一主题是很重要的,不仅对动物福利规则和实践,而且对保护兽医的心理健康。关键词:态度、跨文化伦理、安乐死、人与动物互动、兽医披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。该项目由欧盟支持,欧洲社会基金共同资助:EFOP-3.6.3-VEKOP-16-2017-00005“通过支持学生的学术研讨会和项目,制定指导过程来加强科学替代。”
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引用次数: 0
An Evaluation of a Canine Welfare Education Intervention for Primary School Children 犬类福利教育对小学生的干预效果评价
2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1080/08927936.2023.2268978
Unaiza Iqbal, Joanne M. Williams, Monja A. Knoll
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a canine welfare education intervention, “Mr T’s Tickles Workshop,” for improving 8- to 9-year-old children’s canine emotion recognition, their belief about canine sentience, their knowledge of canine welfare needs, their attitudes toward cruelty to canines, and their attachment to pets. “Mr T’s Tickles Workshop” was a one-off intervention comprising a 1.5-hour workshop of welfare activities delivered to whole classrooms online. The workshop consisted of three activities: (1) a canine emotion recognition task, (2) creating a “box of comfort” of care equipment for older dogs, and (3) creating a memory jar of positive memories for children. A 2 × 2 mixed factorial design was used for the quantitative evaluation of this study. Factor one was the phase of testing (time), a repeated-measure variable (pre-test versus post-test), and factor two was the between-subject variable conditions (intervention versus control group). A sample of 120 children aged 8–9 years from five primary school classes (4 intervention classes and 1 control class) from one school participated in the study. The results showed that children in the intervention group improved significantly more than the children in the control group in terms of children’s canine emotion recognition from pre-test to post-test. There was no change in attitudes that intentional cruelty is acceptable in the intervention group; these attitudes worsened in the control group. Finally, the qualitative content analysis of children’s responses showed that feedback on the intervention was highly positive. The findings indicate that age-appropriate canine welfare education can effectively enhance children’s canine emotion recognition and attitudes toward intentional cruelty.
本研究评估了犬类福利教育干预“T先生挠痒痒工作坊”的有效性,以提高8- 9岁儿童的犬类情感识别,他们对犬类感知的信念,他们对犬类福利需求的知识,他们对虐待犬类的态度,以及他们对宠物的依恋。“T先生挠痒痒工作坊”是一项一次性干预活动,包括一个1.5小时的福利活动工作坊,在网上向整个教室进行。工作坊包括三个活动:(1)犬类情绪识别任务;(2)为年长的狗创造一个“舒适箱”的护理设备;(3)为儿童创造一个积极记忆的记忆罐。本研究采用2 × 2混合因子设计进行定量评价。因素一是测试阶段(时间),一个重复测量的变量(测试前与测试后),因素二是受试者之间的变量条件(干预组与对照组)。选取一所学校5个小学班(4个干预班和1个对照班)的120名8-9岁儿童参与研究。结果表明,干预组儿童从测试前到测试后对犬类情绪识别的改善显著高于对照组。在干预组中,故意虐待是可以接受的态度没有变化;这些态度在对照组中变得更糟。最后,对儿童反应的定性内容分析表明,对干预的反馈是高度积极的。研究结果表明,适龄犬类福利教育能有效提高幼儿犬类的情感识别能力和对故意虐待行为的态度。
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引用次数: 0
“Has an Ugly Caw”: The Moral Implications of How Hunting Organizations Depict Nonhuman Animals “有一条丑陋的法律”:狩猎组织如何描绘非人类动物的道德含义
2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1080/08927936.2023.2266923
Jenna Aarnio, Elisa Aaltola
We examined how four hunting organizations in Finland and in the UK (The Finnish Wildlife Agency, Finnish Hunters’ Association, The British Association for Shooting and Conservation, and Countryside Alliance) describe wild animals on their web pages and what the moral implications of these descriptions are. How do these hunting organizations define animals, and how does this impact the moral regard given to these animals? Using discourse analysis together with philosophical analysis, our examination revealed that the descriptions focus mainly on physical attributes, leaving out the minds of animals. Therefore, hunting organizations take part in dementalization (underestimation or denial of minds) of nonhuman animals, which interlinks with mechanomorphism (the depiction of animals as biological machines). We argue that dementalization and mechanomorphism in the descriptions serve a strategic purpose, as they hinder the possibility of recognizing animal experiences and individuality and keep animal ethical questions out of view. Further, the organizations tend to approach the ethics of hunting through the perspective of human interests only, whilst the interests and inherent value of animals are sidelined. In sum, the way in which hunting organizations depict animals is prone to sidelining ethical issues concerning the killing of animals.
我们调查了芬兰和英国的四个狩猎组织(芬兰野生动物机构、芬兰猎人协会、英国射击与保护协会和乡村联盟)如何在他们的网页上描述野生动物,以及这些描述的道德含义。这些狩猎组织如何定义动物,这又如何影响对这些动物的道德考虑?通过话语分析和哲学分析,我们发现这些描述主要集中在物理属性上,而忽略了动物的思想。因此,狩猎组织参与了非人类动物的精神化(低估或否认思想),这与机械形态(将动物描述为生物机器)相互联系。我们认为,描述中的精神化和机械形式化服务于战略目的,因为它们阻碍了认识动物经验和个性的可能性,并将动物伦理问题排除在外。此外,这些组织倾向于只从人类利益的角度来看待狩猎的伦理,而把动物的利益和内在价值放在一边。总而言之,狩猎组织描绘动物的方式很容易忽视有关杀害动物的伦理问题。
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引用次数: 0
A Preliminary Analysis of Psychiatric Service Dog Placements and Sleep Patterns of Partners of Veterans with PTSD 创伤后应激障碍退伍军人精神科服务犬安置与伴侣睡眠模式的初步分析
2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.1080/08927936.2023.2268979
Leanne O. Nieforth, Sarah C. Leighton, A. J. Schwichtenberg, Shelley MacDermid Wadsworth, Marguerite E. O’Haire
ABSTRACTPartners of veterans diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are at risk of a variety of challenges, and it is unknown whether psychiatric service dogs are disruptive to their sleep or provide similar benefits that are seen in the limited literature on veterans. As part of a larger clinical trial examining the efficacy of psychiatric service dogs for veterans with PTSD and their families, this study focused on sleep patterns of veterans’ partners (n = 88), incorporating both subjective (clinically validated self-report surveys) and objective sleep measures (actigraphy). Linear regression was used to analyze differences in relation to group (intervention versus control) at follow-up, controlling for baseline score. Results revealed no significant differences between groups for both the subjective surveys (p = 0.15; p = 0.75) and the objective actigraphy measures (p = 0.06–0.98). This suggests that psychiatric service dogs are not disruptive, nor do they provide any benefits to partner sleep. Partners had sleep patterns on par with national norms at baseline and remained at such levels at follow up. Ultimately, using both subjective and objective measures, we found no impact of psychiatric service dogs on the sleep of veterans’ partners.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03245814.KEYWORDS: Animal-assisted interventionassistance doghuman–animal interactionmilitary families AcknowledgementsThank you to all the partners, veterans, and service dogs who made this study possible.Disclosure StatementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under award number R21HD091896; and Merrick PetCare. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
摘要被诊断为创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的退伍军人的伴侣面临着各种各样的挑战,目前尚不清楚精神科服务犬是否会干扰他们的睡眠,或者提供与有限的退伍军人文献中看到的类似的好处。作为一项大型临床试验的一部分,研究了精神科服务犬对患有创伤后应激障碍的退伍军人及其家人的疗效,这项研究主要关注退伍军人伴侣的睡眠模式(n = 88),包括主观(临床验证的自我报告调查)和客观睡眠测量(活动记录仪)。采用线性回归分析随访时各组(干预组与对照组)的差异,控制基线评分。结果显示两组间主观调查无显著差异(p = 0.15;P = 0.75)和客观活动测量(P = 0.06-0.98)。这表明,精神科服务犬不会扰乱伴侣的睡眠,也不会给伴侣的睡眠带来任何好处。伴侣的睡眠模式在基线时与国家标准相当,并在随访中保持在这一水平。最终,通过主观和客观的测量,我们发现精神科服务犬对退伍军人伴侣的睡眠没有影响。试验注册:ClinicalTrials.gov标识符:NCT03245814。感谢所有的合作伙伴、退伍军人和服务犬,他们使这项研究成为可能。披露声明作者未报告潜在利益冲突。本研究由美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)的Eunice Kennedy Shriver国家儿童健康与人类发展研究所(NICHD)和国家补充与综合健康中心(NCCIH)支持,奖励号为R21HD091896;和麦里克宠物护理公司。内容完全是作者的责任,并不一定代表美国国立卫生研究院的官方观点。
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引用次数: 0
The Link Between Attitudes Toward Animals and Empathy With Humans in China: Mediation of Empathy With Animals 中国人对动物的态度与对人的同理心的关系:对动物的同理心的中介作用
2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.1080/08927936.2023.2266924
Xuan Gu, Ling Xie, Sarah M. Bexell
ABSTRACTThe current study aimed to investigate transference assumption – that encouraging pro-animal attitudes will increase empathy both with humans and other species. We used a cross-sectional survey method to examine the triadic relations among empathy with humans, empathy with animals, and pro-animal attitudes. To compare the research conducted in primarily Western contexts, a sample of 669 Chinese adults completed the Animal Attitude Scale, Basic Empathy Scale, and Animal Empathy Scale. They also reported their sociodemographic data and the frequency and quality of their contact with companion animals. Results showed that: (a) Females showed significantly more empathy with humans and other animals and held more positive attitudes toward animals than males; (b) Higher frequency and quality of contact with companion animals significantly predicted more empathy with both humans and other animals and more positive attitudes toward animals; (c) Older participants showed more empathy with humans than younger participants, but younger participants showed more empathy with animals than older participants; (d) empathy with animals fully mediated the relationship between attitudes toward animals and empathy with humans. The findings extend previous work on cross-species associations of empathy and support the practices of fostering empathy and pro-social behavior through animal-related humane-education interventions.KEYWORDS: AnimalsattitudesChinaempathyhuman–animal interactionhumane education AcknowledgementsWe thank Cecilia Qian for her comments on an early draft of the manuscript.Disclosure StatementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
摘要当前的研究旨在调查移情假设——鼓励亲动物的态度会增加对人类和其他物种的移情。本研究采用横断面调查的方法,考察对人的共情、对动物的共情和亲动物态度之间的三位一体关系。为了比较主要在西方背景下进行的研究,669名中国成年人完成了动物态度量表、基本共情量表和动物共情量表。他们还报告了他们的社会人口统计数据以及他们与伴侣动物接触的频率和质量。结果表明:(a)女性对人类和其他动物的移情能力显著高于男性,对动物的态度更积极;(b)与伴侣动物接触的频率和质量越高,对人类和其他动物的同情程度越高,对动物的态度越积极;(c)年长的参与者比年轻的参与者对人类表现出更多的同理心,但年轻的参与者比年长的参与者对动物表现出更多的同理心;(d)对动物的同理心完全介导了对动物态度与对人的同理心之间的关系。这些发现扩展了之前关于跨物种共情关联的研究,并支持通过与动物相关的人文教育干预来培养共情和亲社会行为的实践。关键词:动物态度中国移情人与动物互动人文教育感谢Cecilia Qian对初稿的意见。披露声明作者未报告潜在利益冲突。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing Attendance Frequency and Duration at a Drop-In Animal Visitation Program Among First-Semester University Students Separated From Their Pets 评估与宠物分离的大学一学期学生的动物拜访计划的出勤频率和持续时间
2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1080/08927936.2023.2261281
Alexa M. Carr, Patricia Pendry
ABSTRACTAnxiety and stress among incoming university students are associated with higher rates of mental health disorders and decreased academic success. One approach universities employ to prevent these problems is the implementation of Animal Visitation Programs (AVPs). While efficacy trials suggest positive effects, little is known about students’ program uptake (e.g., attendance frequency and duration) or students’ characteristics (e.g., current mood and past mental health, pet ownership, and pet separation anxiety) that shape program uptake. This study identified student characteristics that predicted AVP uptake in a subsample (n = 209) of randomly selected first-year university students (n = 2,000) who were screened for pet ownership and randomly assigned to attend a semester-long drop-in AVP program (i.e., seven 2-hour sessions) (n = 105) with registered therapy dogs or a waitlist control group (n = 104). Using logistic and multiple regression modeling, participants’ mental health history, current mood, and relationship with their childhood pet were modeled on students’ attendance frequency and duration. Students’ early session uptake was negatively associated with mental health history (Bfrequency = –0.876, p = 0.03, OR = 0.417) and perceived stress (Bfrequency = –0.177, p = 0.04, OR = 0.838; βduration = –0.433, p = 0.02, d = 0.61) and positively associated with current anxiety (Bfrequency = 0.179, p = 0.01, OR = 1.196; βduration = 0.513, p = 0.01, d = 0.66). Overall attendance was negatively associated with levels of pet separation anxiety (βfrequency = –0.342, p = 0.004, d = 0.70; βduration = –0.286, p = 0.03, d = 0.53) and identifying as male (βfrequency = –0.308, p = 0.003, d = 0.72; βduration = –0.321, p = 0.004, d = 0.68) and was positively associated with early uptake (βfrequency = 0.627, p < 0.001, d = 1.40; βduration = 0.532, p < 0.001, d = 1.08). Findings suggest that program attendance may be enhanced by prioritizing access to students experiencing anxiety upon arrival to campus, rather than students experiencing stress, pet separation anxiety, or those reporting a history of mental health problems. Administrators should strongly promote attendance to the first session as this is significantly associated with greater program uptake.KEYWORDS: Animal-assisted activityfirst-year studenthigher educationhuman–animal interactionpet partnersprogram attendance AcknowledgementsThe authors acknowledge Palouse Paws, the local Pet Partners Organization, for their human and canine volunteers who participated in each student visitation session. The authors also thank all the PAWs4US Study volunteers, undergraduate research assistants, and participants, without whom this study would not have been possible.Disclosure StatementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
大学新生的焦虑和压力与心理健康障碍的高发率和学业成绩的下降有关。大学采用的一种预防这些问题的方法是实施动物探访计划(avp)。虽然功效试验显示了积极的效果,但对学生的课程吸收(例如,出勤频率和持续时间)或学生的特征(例如,当前情绪和过去的心理健康,宠物所有权和宠物分离焦虑)影响课程吸收的情况知之甚少。本研究确定了预测AVP吸收的学生特征,这些特征是随机选择的一年级大学生(n = 2000)的子样本(n = 209),他们被筛选是否拥有宠物,并被随机分配参加一个长达一个学期的AVP计划(即7个2小时的课程)(n = 105),与注册治疗犬或候补对照组(n = 104)。采用logistic和多元回归模型,将被试的心理健康史、当前情绪和与童年宠物的关系以学生的出勤频率和持续时间为模型。学生早期服药与心理健康史(Bfrequency = -0.876, p = 0.03, OR = 0.417)和感知压力(Bfrequency = -0.177, p = 0.04, OR = 0.838;β持续时间= -0.433,p = 0.02, d = 0.61),与当前焦虑呈正相关(Bfrequency = 0.179, p = 0.01, OR = 1.196;β持续时间= 0.513,p = 0.01, d = 0.66)。总体出勤率与宠物分离焦虑水平呈负相关(β频率= -0.342,p = 0.004, d = 0.70;β持续时间= -0.286,p = 0.03, d = 0.53),识别为男性(β频率= -0.308,p = 0.003, d = 0.72;β持续时间= -0.321,p = 0.004, d = 0.68),与早期摄取呈正相关(β频率= 0.627,p < 0.001, d = 1.40;β持续时间= 0.532,p < 0.001, d = 1.08)。研究结果表明,通过优先接触那些刚到校园就经历焦虑的学生,而不是那些经历压力、宠物分离焦虑或有精神健康病史的学生,项目的出勤率可能会提高。管理员应该大力提倡出席第一次会议,因为这与更大的计划吸收有很大关系。关键词:动物辅助活动;一年级学生;高等教育;人与动物互动;宠物伙伴;项目出席致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢致谢作者还感谢所有的PAWs4US研究志愿者、本科生研究助理和参与者,没有他们,本研究就不可能完成。披露声明作者未报告潜在利益冲突。
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引用次数: 0
Invisible Animals: Exploring Public Discourses to Understand the Contemporary Status of Donkeys in Britain 看不见的动物:探索公共话语以理解驴子在英国的当代地位
2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.1080/08927936.2023.2248762
Cara Clancy, Emma McClaughlin, Fiona Cooke
Established representations of donkeys in western literature and popular culture have often been negative, portraying the animals as stupid, inept, and bad tempered. To understand whether such representations are reflected in contemporary understandings of donkeys, we constructed a digitized body of texts (a corpus) from contemporary (public-facing) news articles and (public-produced) social media posts about donkeys, which we analyzed using quantitative and qualitative language analysis techniques drawn from corpus linguistics and discourse analysis. We supplemented this with focus groups conducted with members of the public to gather insights and reflections on key patterns of representation in two key news texts identified in the linguistic analysis. This combined approach, which is novel in its application to animal welfare topics, revealed that donkeys are most commonly represented as figures of entertainment, ridicule, and as victims of hardship and suffering (i.e., animals in need). We argue that such representations can sideline, obscure and “invisibilize” the real animals, leading to persistent misunderstandings and false conceptions about donkeys, which are further perpetuated through language use and can be difficult to disrupt and change. These findings have important implications for animal welfare, education programs, and public communication about donkeys. Finally, we highlight areas where incorrect, unhelpful, and potentially damaging representations can be challenged by those seeking to improve the contemporary status of donkeys.
在西方文学和流行文化中,驴子的形象通常是负面的,它们被描绘成愚蠢、无能和坏脾气的动物。为了了解这些表征是否反映在当代对驴的理解中,我们从当代(面向公众的)新闻文章和(公共生产的)社交媒体上关于驴的帖子中构建了一个数字化的文本体(语料库),我们使用语料库语言学和话语分析中提取的定量和定性语言分析技术对其进行了分析。作为补充,我们与公众进行了焦点小组讨论,以收集对语言分析中确定的两个主要新闻文本的主要代表性模式的见解和反思。这种结合的方法在应用于动物福利主题方面是新颖的,它揭示了驴最常被描述为娱乐、嘲笑和困苦和痛苦的受害者(即需要帮助的动物)。我们认为,这样的表述可能会边缘化、模糊化和“隐形”真实的动物,导致对驴的持续误解和错误观念,这些误解和错误观念通过语言的使用进一步延续,并且很难被破坏和改变。这些发现对动物福利、教育计划和关于驴的公众交流具有重要意义。最后,我们强调了那些寻求改善驴的当代地位的人可能会挑战的不正确、无益和潜在破坏性陈述的领域。
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引用次数: 0
A Survey of Factors That Influence Affinity With Dogs for People With Autism 影响自闭症患者对狗的亲和力的因素调查
2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.1080/08927936.2023.2261280
Eliza Cammarano, Em Bould, Aislinn Lalor, Libby Callaway
Affinity with dogs has been defined as the degree to which people value interactions with dogs; it may be influenced by individual preferences, experiences with animals, and characteristics of the dog. To date, however, there has been limited investigation regarding factors that influence dog affinity for people with autism. An anonymous online survey was used in this study; it included demographic questions; exploration of experiences with animals; attitudes, preferences, likes, and dislikes of dogs; and the perceived impact of dogs on the person with autism’s social and community participation. The survey was distributed via social media channels, assistance dog organizations, and a disability provider to people living in Australia (n = 131) who were (1) an adult with a diagnosis of autism or (2) a next-of-kin of a person of any age with autism (completing the survey on behalf of their family member). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and content analysis. There were no significant differences in levels of affinity between children and adults with autism. However, findings indicated significant differences in levels of affinity between participants with and without a dog. Text entry responses to questions provided additional insights into participants’ attitudes and sensory preferences toward dogs, suggesting that affinity with dogs can be influenced by personal, disability-related, environmental, and animal-related factors. An awareness and consideration of these factors is essential for individuals with autism, their families, and service providers – including animal-assisted therapy or assistance animal organizations – when considering individual participation goals and determining if animal supports are the most appropriate option. Without an awareness and understanding of these factors, this could limit the effectiveness of the human–animal interaction.
对狗的亲和力被定义为人们重视与狗互动的程度;这可能受到个人偏好、与动物相处的经验和狗的特点的影响。然而,迄今为止,关于影响自闭症患者对狗的亲和力的因素的调查有限。本研究采用匿名在线调查;它包括人口问题;探索与动物相处的经验;对狗的态度、偏好、喜恶;以及狗对自闭症患者社交和社区参与的感知影响。该调查通过社交媒体渠道、援助犬组织和残疾提供者向居住在澳大利亚的人(n = 131)分发,这些人是(1)被诊断为自闭症的成年人,或(2)任何年龄的自闭症患者的近亲(代表其家庭成员完成调查)。数据分析采用描述性统计、推理统计和内容分析。自闭症儿童和成人的亲和程度没有显著差异。然而,研究结果表明,有狗和没有狗的参与者之间的亲和力水平有显著差异。对问题的文本输入回答提供了参与者对狗的态度和感官偏好的额外见解,表明与狗的亲和力可能受到个人、残疾、环境和动物相关因素的影响。在考虑个人参与目标和确定动物支持是否是最合适的选择时,对这些因素的认识和考虑对自闭症患者、他们的家庭和服务提供者(包括动物辅助治疗或援助动物组织)至关重要。如果没有对这些因素的认识和理解,这可能会限制人与动物互动的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
The Cat’s Meow: How Cats Evolved From the Savanna to Your Sofa The Cat’s Meow: How Cats Evolved From the Savanna to Your Sofa , by Johnathan B. Losos, Viking Press, 2023, 390 pp., ISBN 978-1984878106 (hardback) 《猫的喵喵声:猫如何从稀树大草原进化到你的沙发》,乔纳森·b·洛索斯著,维京出版社,2023年,390页,ISBN 978-1984878106(精装本)
2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.1080/08927936.2023.2261279
Harold Herzog
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引用次数: 1
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Anthrozoos
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