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Do Birdwatchers Care about Bird Disturbance 观鸟者关心鸟类干扰吗
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-06-16 DOI: 10.2752/089279315X14219211661930
M. Weston, P. Guay, Emily M. McLeod, K. Miller
ABSTRACTLittle is known about how non-consumptive recreationists perceive their impacts on animals and how this relates to recreationist behavior. We surveyed attitudes and behaviors relating to bird disturbance of 179 birdwatchers who visited a world-renowned, restricted-access birdwatching destination (the Western Treatment Plant [WTP], Victoria, Australia). We distributed a 10-page, 49-question survey to birdwatchers at the WTP and posted it to a mailing list of those who held birdwatching access permits. The questionnaire explored socio-demographic profiles of respondents, and their bird- watching behaviors and attitudes to bird disturbance. Birdwatchers regarded vehicles as particularly disturbing and some bird groups, and breeding birds, as especially sensitive to disturbance. They generally disagreed with the contention that birdwatchers and plant workers disturb birds. All respondents reported using strategies to mitigate bird disturbance (e.g., keeping quiet and distant). Those who adopted more s...
摘要对于非消费性娱乐主义者如何感知他们对动物的影响,以及这与娱乐主义者行为之间的关系,我们知之甚少。本研究调查了179名观鸟者对鸟类干扰的态度和行为,这些观鸟者参观了世界著名的限制进入的观鸟目的地(澳大利亚维多利亚州西部处理厂[WTP])。我们向WTP的观鸟者分发了一份10页、49个问题的调查问卷,并将其发布到持有观鸟许可证的人的邮件列表中。调查对象的社会人口特征、观鸟行为和对鸟类干扰的态度。观鸟者认为车辆特别令人不安,一些鸟类群体和繁殖鸟类对干扰特别敏感。他们普遍不同意观鸟者和植物工人干扰鸟类的观点。所有受访者都报告了采取减轻鸟类干扰的策略(例如保持安静和保持距离)。那些收养了更多孩子的人……
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引用次数: 9
Local insects as flagship species to promote nature conservation? : a survey among primary school children on their attitudes toward invertebrates 以本地昆虫为旗舰物种推广自然保育?一项针对小学生对无脊椎动物态度的调查
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2015-06-16 DOI: 10.2752/089279315X14219211661732
Jürg Schlegel, Gabriele B. Breuer, R. Rupf
ABSTRACTFlagship species play an important role in promoting nature conservation. However, although the significance of invertebrates in biodiversity and ecosystem services is undisputed, they are rarely used as flagship species. A focused approach to better understand the drivers of differences in attitudes toward invertebrates, and insects in particular, would be helpful for selecting and establishing insects as flagship species, especially in a local context for local conservation purposes. Using a standard questionnaire, a total of 363 children, predominantly aged 10 to 12 years, were asked about their attitudes toward 18 invertebrate species indigenous to Switzerland. The species, 14 insect species and four other invertebrates, were individually presented in a color photograph without any background information. Based on ordinal regression models, the survey revealed substantial affinity rating differences across the invertebrates selected. Gender, species knowledge, preferred leisure activities, and...
摘要旗舰物种在促进自然保护中发挥着重要作用。然而,尽管无脊椎动物在生物多样性和生态系统服务中的重要性是无可争议的,但它们很少被用作旗舰物种。更好地理解对无脊椎动物,特别是昆虫态度差异的驱动因素,将有助于选择和确立昆虫作为旗舰物种,特别是在当地环境中,以实现当地保护目的。通过一份标准问卷,共有363名儿童(主要是10至12岁的儿童)被问及他们对18种瑞士本土无脊椎动物的态度。14种昆虫和4种其他无脊椎动物被单独呈现在一张彩色照片中,没有任何背景信息。基于有序回归模型,调查揭示了所选无脊椎动物之间的亲和力等级差异。性别、物种知识、偏好的休闲活动和…
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引用次数: 8
Effects of Animal-Assisted Activities with Guinea Pigs in the Primary School Classroom. 动物辅助豚鼠活动在小学课堂中的效果。
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.2752/175303713X13697429463835
Marguerite E O'Haire, Samantha J McKenzie, Sandra McCune, Virginia Slaughter

This study investigated the effects of a classroom-based animal-assisted activities (AAA) program with guinea pigs on the social functioning of primary school children. We hypothesized that participants in the experimental condition (n = 64), compared with a waitlist control group (n = 64), would demonstrate improvements in social functioning following the program. Parents and teachers used the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS) to evaluate the social skills and problem behaviors of 128 participating children (age range = 4.8 to 12.7 years) before and after an 8-week period. Teachers also rated academic competence at both time points. Children who participated in the AAA program demonstrated significantly greater improvements in social functioning than their control group peers, as defined by greater increases in social skills (teacher SSRS) and decreases in problem behaviors (parent and teacher SSRS). There were no significant differences between the groups in academic competence. AAA participants demonstrated significant increases in social skills and decreases in problem behaviors from pre- to post-program on the teacher version of the SSRS. Control group participants did not show significant changes on these measures. These findings suggest that an AAA program with guinea pigs may be a feasible addition to the primary school classroom in order to improve social functioning. Further component analysis will be necessary to determine whether the animal is the active ingredient in AAA programs of this nature.

本研究以豚鼠为实验对象,探讨动物辅助活动(AAA)对小学生社会功能的影响。我们假设,与等候名单控制组(n = 64)相比,实验条件下的参与者(n = 64)在该计划后会表现出社会功能的改善。家长和老师使用社会技能评分系统(SSRS)来评估128名参与的儿童(年龄范围为4.8至12.7岁)在8周前后的社会技能和问题行为。教师们还对两个时间点的学术能力进行了打分。参与AAA项目的儿童在社会功能方面比对照组的同龄人有了显著的改善,这可以通过社交技能(教师SSRS)的提高和问题行为(家长和教师SSRS)的减少来定义。两组间学术能力无显著差异。在教师版本的SSRS上,AAA级的参与者表现出社交技能的显著提高和问题行为的显著减少。对照组的参与者在这些指标上没有明显的变化。这些发现表明,为了改善社会功能,在小学课堂上对豚鼠进行AAA项目可能是一个可行的补充。进一步的成分分析将是必要的,以确定动物是否是这种性质的AAA程序的有效成分。
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引用次数: 58
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Individual Differences in Frequency of Play with Pets among Middle-Aged Men: A Behavioral Genetic Analysis. 遗传和环境对中年男性与宠物玩耍频率个体差异的影响:行为遗传分析》。
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.2752/175303712X13479798785814
Kristen C Jacobson, Christy L Hoffman, Terrie Vasilopoulos, William S Kremen, Matthew S Panizzon, Michael D Grant, Michael J Lyons, Hong Xian, Carol E Franz

There is growing evidence that pet ownership and human-animal interaction (HAI) have benefits for human physical and psychological well-being. However, there may be pre-existing characteristics related to patterns of pet ownership and interactions with pets that could potentially bias results of research on HAI. The present study uses a behavioral genetic design to estimate the degree to which genetic and environmental factors contribute to individual differences in frequency of play with pets among adult men. Participants were from the ongoing longitudinal Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging (VETSA), a population-based sample of 1,237 monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins aged 51-60 years. Results demonstrate that MZ twins have higher correlations than DZ twins on frequency of pet play, suggesting that genetic factors play a role in individual differences in interactions with pets. Structural equation modeling revealed that, according to the best model, genetic factors accounted for as much as 37% of the variance in pet play, although the majority of variance (63-71%) was due to environmental factors that are unique to each twin. Shared environmental factors, which would include childhood exposure to pets, overall accounted for <10% of the variance in adult frequency of pet play, and were not statistically significant. These results suggest that the effects of childhood exposure to pets on pet ownership and interaction patterns in adulthood may be mediated primarily by genetically-influenced characteristics.

越来越多的证据表明,拥有宠物和人与动物的互动(HAI)对人类的身心健康有益。然而,与拥有宠物和与宠物互动的模式相关的已有特征可能会对有关 HAI 的研究结果产生偏差。本研究采用行为遗传设计来估计遗传和环境因素对成年男性与宠物玩耍频率的个体差异的影响程度。参与者来自正在进行的纵向越战时期老龄化双胞胎研究(VETSA),这是一项基于人口的抽样调查,共有 1237 对 51-60 岁的单卵(MZ)和双卵(DZ)双胞胎。结果表明,在玩宠物的频率上,MZ 双胞胎比 DZ 双胞胎具有更高的相关性,这表明遗传因素在与宠物互动的个体差异中发挥了作用。结构方程模型显示,根据最佳模型,遗传因素占宠物游戏变异的 37%,尽管大部分变异(63-71%)是由每个双胞胎特有的环境因素造成的。共同的环境因素(包括童年时期接触宠物的机会)总体上占了
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引用次数: 0
Pets, depression and long term survival in community living patients following myocardial infarction. 宠物、抑郁与社区生活患者心肌梗死后的长期生存。
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2011-09-01 DOI: 10.2752/175303711X13045914865268
Erika Friedmann, Sue A Thomas, Heesook Son

Evidence supports the contribution of depression, anxiety, and poor social support to mortality of hospitalized myocardial infarction (MI) patients. The contribution of depression to survival is independent of disease severity. Pet ownership, a non-human form of social support, has also been associated with one year survival of post-MI patients. The current study addresses whether pet ownership contributes independently to long term survival beyond the contributions of depression, anxiety, or low social support in post-MI patients who have already survived at least 6 months. Data from patients (N = 460) enrolled in the "Psychosocial Responses in the Home Automated External Defibrillator Trial (PR-HAT)"were used. Seventeen patients died during a median follow-up of 2.8 years. In Cox proportional hazards regression model that included depression, lack of pet ownership, and the interaction between depression and lack of pet ownership, not owning a pet was the only significant independent predictor of mortality (p = 0.036). The interaction between pet ownership and depression tended to be significant indicating that the effect of pet ownership on survival in this group of people who have supportive spouses/companions living with them may relate to depression.

证据支持抑郁、焦虑和不良社会支持对住院心肌梗死(MI)患者死亡率的影响。抑郁症对生存的影响与疾病的严重程度无关。宠物是一种非人类形式的社会支持,也与心肌梗死后患者一年的生存率有关。目前的研究探讨了在已经存活至少6个月的心肌梗死后患者中,除了抑郁、焦虑或低社会支持的影响外,宠物是否对长期生存有独立的影响。数据来自460名参加“家庭自动体外除颤器试验(PR-HAT)中的社会心理反应”的患者。17名患者在平均2.8年的随访期间死亡。在包含抑郁、不养宠物以及抑郁与不养宠物之间的相互作用的Cox比例风险回归模型中,不养宠物是死亡率的唯一显著独立预测因子(p = 0.036)。养宠物和抑郁之间的相互作用往往是显著的,这表明养宠物对有配偶/伴侣与他们生活在一起的人的生存的影响可能与抑郁有关。
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引用次数: 102
Children and Nature: Psychological, Sociocultural, and Evolutionary Investigations 儿童与自然:心理、社会文化和进化调查
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2003-06-01 DOI: 10.2752/089279303786992233
B. Bryant
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引用次数: 463
The Sport of Kings: Kinship, Class and Thoroughbred Breeding in Newmarket Rebecca Cassidy 《国王的运动:纽马克特的亲属关系、阶级和纯种马》丽贝卡·卡西迪著
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2003-03-01 DOI: 10.2752/089279303786992369
G. Marvin
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引用次数: 1
Animals and Ancestors: an Ethnography 动物与祖先:民族志
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.5040/9781474214292
R. Willis
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引用次数: 0
Pet Ownership and Children's Self-Esteem in the Context of War 战争背景下的宠物饲养与儿童自尊
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 1999-12-01 DOI: 10.2752/089279399787000101
Gordana Keresteš, L. Arambašić, G. Kuterovac-Jagodić, V. Vizek-Vidović
ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to examine possible beneficial effects of pet ownership on the self-esteem of war-traumatized school children. The Croatian version of Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale was administered to three groups of elementary school children of both sexes, grades 5 to 8, all severely affected by war: dog or cat owners (n=295), owners of other kinds of animals (n=144), and non-pet owners (n=173). There were no differences between groups on basic socio-demographic variables. It was hypothesized that war-traumatized pet owners, especially owners of dogs and cats, would have higher self-esteem than war-traumatized non-pet owners. Sex and age differences in self-esteem were also examined. The results of the three-way ANOVA (Pet x Ownership x Sex x Age) showed that only age had a significant effect on self-esteem, with fifth and sixth graders having higher self-esteem than seventh and eight graders. Thus, the hypothesis that pet ownership could have beneficial effects on self-esteem of war-t...
摘要本研究旨在探讨养宠物对受战争创伤学童自尊的有益影响。克罗地亚版本的罗森博格自尊量表对三组受到战争严重影响的小学男女学生进行了调查:养狗或猫的人(n=295),养其他动物的人(n=144)和不养宠物的人(n=173)。各组之间在基本社会人口变量上没有差异。据推测,受过战争创伤的宠物主人,尤其是养狗和猫的人,会比没有受过战争创伤的人有更高的自尊心。性别和年龄在自尊方面的差异也被研究。三向方差分析(宠物x所有权x性别x年龄)的结果显示,只有年龄对自尊有显著影响,五年级和六年级的自尊高于七年级和八年级的自尊。因此,养宠物可能对战争中的自尊产生有益影响的假设……
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引用次数: 12
Anthropomorphic interpretations and ethological descriptions of dog and cat behavior by lay people 外行人对狗和猫行为的拟人化解释和行为学描述
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 1999-12-01 DOI: 10.2752/089279399787000075
Zana Bahlig-Pieren, D. Turner
ABSTRACTUnlike ethologists and veterinarians, lay people supposedly use their own unstructured observations to interpret their companion animals' behavior, often in anthropomorphic terms. Recently, anthropomorphism has evoked new interest amongst scientists as a result of provocative publications concerning “animal mind,” that have prompted investigations in the field of cognitive ethology, and much speculation about the emotions of animals. The purpose of the research reported here was to determine the concurrency and plausibility of anthropomorphic interpretations and ethological descriptions of dog and cat behavior and facial expressions, taking into account the observer's experience with the companion animal species. Independent sets of pet owners and non-owners (n=128) were presented with selected still photographs and edited video sequences to interpret, first spontaneously, then in a multiple choice mode. These were programmed on an interactive CD-Rom. Nested ANOVA showed that the choice of differe...
像动物学家和兽医一样,外行人通常会用他们自己的非结构化观察来解释他们的伴侣动物的行为,通常是拟人化的。最近,拟人论在科学家中引起了新的兴趣,因为一些关于“动物心灵”的具有挑衅性的出版物,促使了认知行为学领域的研究,以及对动物情感的许多猜测。本研究报告的目的是考虑到观察者与伴侣动物物种的经验,确定拟人化解释和狗和猫的行为和面部表情的行为学描述的并发性和合理性。独立的宠物主人和非宠物主人组(n=128)展示了选定的静止照片和编辑的视频序列,首先是自发的,然后是多项选择模式。这些程序是在交互式CD-Rom上编写的。嵌套方差分析表明,选择不同的…
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引用次数: 44
期刊
Anthrozoos
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