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A Pet for the Children: Factors Related to Family Pet Ownership 给孩子的宠物:家庭养宠物的相关因素
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 1999-03-01 DOI: 10.2752/089279399787000426
Sarah Fifield, Darryl Forsyth
ABSTRACTThe demographic variables related to pet ownership in New Zealand families of 8–12 -year-olds were investigated. Questionnaire surveys were used to establish data from 312 families of primary school children. Family composition, reasons for pet acquisition, and the advantages and disadvantages of pets were also examined. Almost 90% of families owned at least one pet, and over half of these families included a child who was the sole owner of a pet. Parental employment level, living locality, and sibling status (number and position) were related to pet ownership. Parents acquired pets for their children mainly to teach responsibility and care, or because their child had asked for the pet, and these reasons were related to sibling status. Perceived advantages of pet ownership included teaching responsibility and care, love, respect and affection, and companionship. Over half the sample claimed no disadvantages of pet ownership. The most common disadvantages were finding holiday care, the time and wor...
摘要对新西兰8-12岁家庭养宠物相关的人口学变量进行调查。采用问卷调查法对312个小学生家庭进行数据建立。家庭组成、养宠物的原因、养宠物的利弊也进行了调查。几乎90%的家庭至少拥有一只宠物,其中超过一半的家庭中有一个孩子是宠物的唯一主人。父母就业水平、居住地点和兄弟姐妹身份(数量和职位)与养宠物有关。父母为孩子养宠物主要是为了教导孩子责任和关爱,或者是因为孩子要求养宠物,这些原因与兄弟姐妹的身份有关。人们认为养宠物的好处包括教会人们责任和关怀、爱、尊重和感情,以及陪伴。超过一半的受访者认为养宠物没有坏处。最常见的缺点是找不到假期照顾,时间和工作……
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引用次数: 53
Relationships Between Cat Lovers and Feral Cats in Rome 罗马爱猫人士与野猫的关系
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 1999-03-01 DOI: 10.2752/089279399787000408
E. Natoli, M. Ferrari, Elisabetta Bolletti, D. Pontier
ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to assess the relationships between cat lovers and feral cats in Rome. One hundred and fifty-eight cats from 3 populations were observed for 1108 hours of data collection: some demographic characteristics of the colonies were investigated, together with the behavior of cat lovers (those who fed and cared for the cats). The quantity of food eaten and uneaten by the cats was recorded, and the cost to support each colony calculated. The quantity of food provided ranged from 20.47 to 264 kg/month. The mean quantity of food eaten/day by each cat in the study areas never surpassed 130.4 g. In total, the quantity of food wasted ranged from 522 g to 34.05 kg/month. The results of this study can help public administrations decide on how to allocate funds for the management of feral cats. Indeed, they provide statistics on the individual food intake/cat/day, as well as information on the type of collaboration one should expect from cat lovers. In addition, this study outlines advan...
摘要本研究的目的是评估罗马爱猫人士与野猫之间的关系。在1108小时的数据收集中,对3个种群的158只猫进行了观察:调查了种群的一些人口统计学特征,以及爱猫者(喂养和照顾猫的人)的行为。记录猫进食和未进食的食物数量,并计算支持每个群体的成本。每月提供的食物数量从20.47公斤到264公斤不等。研究区每只猫每天的平均食物摄取量从未超过130.4克。总的来说,每月浪费的食物量从522克到34.05公斤不等。这项研究的结果可以帮助公共管理部门决定如何分配管理野猫的资金。事实上,他们提供了个人食物摄入量/猫/天的统计数据,以及人们应该期待与爱猫人士合作的类型的信息。此外,本研究概述了先进的…
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引用次数: 40
Some Comments on Context Embodiment in Zootherapy: The Case of the Autidolfijn Project 对动物疗法中情境体现的几点评析——以Autidolfijn项目为例
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 1999-03-01 DOI: 10.2752/089279399787000417
Véronique Servais
ABSTRACTThe Autidolfijn project was undertaken in 1991 in Bruges, Belgium, to asses the effect of interactions with captive dolphins on learning in autistic children. The project lasted four years and ended with ambiguous results. Although one group of children did seem to gain learning benefits from working with the dolphins, difficulties arising from the experimental set-up itself seemed to play a role in how well the groups performed. The Autidolfijn project was intended as an experiment, but it was imperfectly controlled and consequently the data could not be used to answer directly the question of the therapeutic effect dolphins have on children with autism. Here the data generated from the project are presented as ethnographic data attached to a particular situation. It is hoped they will help researchers understand the difficulties involved in trying to assess experimentally the positive effects of animals on people (cf. Rowan, 1996; Marino and Lilienfeld 1998; Nathanson 1998).
1991年,在比利时布鲁日进行了一个名为Autidolfijn的项目,目的是评估与圈养海豚互动对自闭症儿童学习的影响。这个项目持续了四年,结果不明确。虽然一组孩子似乎确实从与海豚一起工作中获得了学习上的好处,但实验设置本身产生的困难似乎在各组的表现中起了作用。Autidolfijn项目原本是作为一个实验,但它的控制并不完美,因此数据不能用来直接回答海豚对自闭症儿童的治疗效果。在这里,从项目中产生的数据是作为附属于特定情况的人种学数据呈现的。希望它们能帮助研究人员了解在试图通过实验评估动物对人类的积极影响时所涉及的困难(参见Rowan, 1996;Marino and Lilienfeld 1998;内桑森1998)。
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引用次数: 28
Values and Attitudes Toward Prairie Dogs 对土拨鼠的价值观和态度
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 1999-03-01 DOI: 10.2752/089279399787000471
R. Reading, B. Miller, S. Kellert
ABSTRACTPrairie dogs (Cynomys spp.) have declined drastically over the past century. Conservation of the genus will require an interdisciplinary approach, including consideration of human values and related variables. We conducted a sample survey of the values, attitudes, knowledge, and perceptions of 900 residents of Montana, USA toward prairie dogs. Sub-samples included rural residents (n=300), urban residents (n=300), ranchers (n=150), and members of conservation organizations (n=150). On average, all sample groups except members of conservation organizations displayed little regard for prairie dogs, with the level of antagonism increasing from conservation organization members to urban residents, rural residents, and finally ranchers. Still, the average respondent from each group supported maintaining some prairie dogs. Values and attitudes toward prairie dogs were linked to issues of range management, especially on public lands. Sample groups varied with respect to attitudes and perceptions toward th...
在过去的一个世纪里,草原土拨鼠的数量急剧减少。该属的保护将需要跨学科的方法,包括考虑人类价值和相关变量。我们对美国蒙大拿州900名居民对草原土拨鼠的价值观、态度、知识和看法进行了抽样调查。子样本包括农村居民(n=300)、城市居民(n=300)、牧场主(n=150)和保护组织成员(n=150)。平均而言,除保护组织成员外,所有样本组对草原土拨鼠的关注程度都很低,从保护组织成员到城市居民、农村居民,最后是牧场主的对抗程度越来越高。尽管如此,每个小组的平均受访者都支持保留一些草原土拨鼠。对草原土拨鼠的价值观和态度与牧场管理问题有关,特别是在公共土地上。样本群体对……的态度和看法各不相同。
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引用次数: 30
Pets' Roles in Parents' Bereavement 宠物在父母丧亲之痛中的角色
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 1999-03-01 DOI: 10.2752/089279399787000390
Sherril L. Adkins, D. W. Rajecki
ABSTRACTA sample of 43 mothers and 21 fathers completed a retrospective survey concerning a pet's involvement in adaptation to a child's death. Measures included degree of attachment to the pet, and perceptions of the pet's helpfulness and roles in the process of grief resolution. Most parents (75%) indicated that their pet was helpful. Positive pet roles—a distraction, a comfort, a confidant—were positively correlated with degree of attachment to pet. Negative pet roles—a burden, a scapegoat—were negatively correlated with pet attachment. However, the presence of surviving siblings was negatively correlated with judgments of pet helpfulness, social support roles, and pet bonding itself.
摘要43名母亲和21名父亲完成了一项关于宠物参与适应儿童死亡的回顾性调查。测量包括对宠物的依恋程度,以及对宠物在悲伤解决过程中的帮助和角色的看法。大多数家长(75%)表示他们的宠物很有帮助。积极的宠物角色——分心、安慰、知己——与对宠物的依恋程度呈正相关。消极的宠物角色——负担、替罪羊——与宠物依恋呈负相关。然而,幸存的兄弟姐妹的存在与宠物的帮助、社会支持角色和宠物关系本身的判断呈负相关。
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引用次数: 20
How Depressive Moods Affect the Behavior of Singly Living Persons Toward their Cats 抑郁情绪如何影响单身人士对猫的行为
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 1999-01-01 DOI: 10.2752/089279399787000066
G. Rieger, D. Turner
ABSTRACTThis study investigated how depressive feelings affect the behavior of singly living persons toward their cats. Data from 47 women and 49 men, who were visited at home for one two-hour observation session, were used for the analyses. Just prior to and after the observations, participants filled out a standard questionnaire used to assess momentary mood (EWL). The mood was assigned to one of 14 sub-scales, one of which was “depressiveness.” Identical questionnaires were later completed by the same subjects in the absence of the observer (43 women, 45 men), and these results compared with those of questionnaires sent to singly living, former cat owners (28 women, three men). Five behavior elements were found to be affected by depressiveness: 1) intents to interact, 2) the starting of interactions, 3) intents, where the partner is willing to comply and interacts, and 4) head- and flank-rubbing by the cat (using multiple regression, Mann-Whitney U tests and Spearman rank correlations). Results show th...
摘要本研究探讨抑郁情绪如何影响单身人士对猫的行为。来自47名女性和49名男性的数据被用于分析,这些人在家中接受了两个小时的观察。在观察之前和之后,参与者填写了一份用于评估瞬间情绪(EWL)的标准问卷。这种情绪被划分为14个子尺度中的一个,其中一个是“抑郁”。随后,同样的研究对象在没有观察者的情况下完成了相同的调查问卷(43名女性,45名男性),并将这些结果与发给单身的前猫主人的调查问卷(28名女性,3名男性)进行了比较。五个行为要素被发现受到抑郁的影响:1)互动的意图,2)互动的开始,3)伴侣愿意服从和互动的意图,以及4)猫的头部和侧翼摩擦(使用多元回归,曼-惠特尼U检验和斯皮尔曼秩相关)。结果表明……
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引用次数: 51
Attachment to Livestock and Attitudes Toward Large Carnivores Among Sheep Farmers in Norway 挪威牧羊农民对牲畜的依恋和对大型食肉动物的态度
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 1998-12-01 DOI: 10.2752/089279398787000490
Joar Vittersø, B. Kaltenborn, T. Bjerke
ABSTRACTThe present study investigated the relationship between emotional investment and attachment to livestock among Norwegian sheep farmers, and their perception of large predators such as the wolf, bear, lynx and wolverine. Most studies on attachment have focused on infants and children. However, more recently, the effects of pet ownership on child development have received increased attention among researchers. In the current work we hypothesized that attachment to livestock would affect the attitudes towards large carnivores. Based on questionnaire data from 491 respondents, a structural equation model (SEM) was set up to test this assumption. Results showed that attachment to livestock significantly predicted attitudes toward carnivores. In particular, negative attitudes were strongly related to attachment in such a way that the deeper the attachment farmers had for livestock, the more negative were their attitudes towards the predators. This article discusses the need for a differentiation among a...
摘要本研究调查了挪威牧羊农户情感投入与家畜依恋的关系,以及他们对狼、熊、猞猁和狼獾等大型捕食者的感知。大多数关于依恋的研究都集中在婴儿和儿童身上。然而,最近,养宠物对儿童发展的影响受到了研究人员越来越多的关注。在目前的工作中,我们假设对牲畜的依恋会影响对大型食肉动物的态度。基于491名受访者的问卷数据,建立了结构方程模型(SEM)来检验这一假设。结果表明,对牲畜的依恋显著地预测了对食肉动物的态度。特别是,消极态度与依恋密切相关,农民对牲畜的依恋越深,他们对捕食者的态度就越消极。这篇文章讨论了区分……的必要性。
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引用次数: 46
Demographics of pet presence and attachment 宠物存在和依恋的人口统计数据
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 1998-12-01 DOI: 10.2752/089279398787000508
R. Poresky, A. M. Daniels
ABSTRACTPet presence (ownership) and attachment interview items were appended to a statewide telephone survey of more than 1,800 adults to obtain a demographic profile of pet presence and attachment in a Midwestern state in the United States. Pet presence in the adults' households increased from 54% for the 18–25 year-olds to 71% for the 36–45 year-olds and declined to 37% for those more than 65 years old. Pet presence was associated with larger families, rural residences, family income, and marital status. In contrast, companion animal bonding scores were higher for adults in smaller families, urban residents, divorced adults, and those who mentioned a dog first when asked about their pets.
摘要本研究对美国中西部某州的1800多名成年人进行了电话调查,以了解宠物的存在和依恋情况。成年人家庭中有宠物的比例从18-25岁人群的54%上升到36-45岁人群的71%,而65岁以上人群的比例则下降到37%。宠物的存在与大家庭、农村住宅、家庭收入和婚姻状况有关。相比之下,小家庭的成年人、城市居民、离婚的成年人以及在被问及宠物时首先提到狗的人的伴侣动物关系得分更高。
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引用次数: 55
Attitudes Toward Animals Among Norwegian Children and Adolescents: Species Preferences 挪威儿童和青少年对动物的态度:物种偏好
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 1998-12-01 DOI: 10.2752/089279398787000544
T. Bjerke, Toril S. Ødegårdstuen, B. Kaltenborn
Five hundred and sixty two children and adolescents, aged between 9 and 15 years, from one urban and three rural areas in southern Norway, completed a questionnaire in which they expressed their degree of preference for various animal species. The dog, cat, horse, and rabbit were the favourite species, while the crow, worm, bee, and spider were the least liked. Girls were more positive toward horses, and were more pet-orientated than boys, while more boys than girls preferred wild animals. Younger respondents liked animals more than did 15-year-olds, with a few exceptions: the wolf, bear, and whale. Urban respondents liked animals more than rural respondents did, a finding which applied to the large carnivores in particular. Interests in wildlife decreased with increasing age, and few respondents wished to save ecologically-significant species (ants, bees, ladybirds) from extinction.
来自挪威南部一个城市和三个农村地区的562名年龄在9到15岁之间的儿童和青少年完成了一份调查问卷,他们在问卷中表达了对各种动物物种的偏好程度。狗、猫、马和兔子是最受欢迎的动物,而乌鸦、蠕虫、蜜蜂和蜘蛛是最不受欢迎的动物。女孩比男孩更喜欢马,更喜欢宠物,而男孩比女孩更喜欢野生动物。年轻的受访者比15岁的人更喜欢动物,只有少数例外:狼、熊和鲸鱼。城市受访者比农村受访者更喜欢动物,这一发现尤其适用于大型食肉动物。对野生动物的兴趣随着年龄的增长而下降,很少有受访者希望拯救具有生态意义的物种(蚂蚁、蜜蜂、瓢虫)免于灭绝。
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引用次数: 96
Motivations and Characteristics of Volunteer Flying-Fox Rehabilitators in Australia 澳大利亚飞狐康复志愿者的动机和特点
IF 1.6 2区 农林科学 Q2 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 1998-12-01 DOI: 10.2752/089279398787000562
Nicola Markus, J. Blackshaw
ABSTRACTA survey of volunteers involved in flying-fox rehabilitation was undertaken to determine the demographic profile of Carers, their motivations for rehabilitation and the costs incurred in the care of flying-foxes. Carers (n=119) from the east coast of Australia responded by completing a two-page questionnaire. Ninety percent of Carers were women and Carers' ages ranged from <20 to 50+ years, with a majority (60%) aged between 30–50 years. Most Carers were employed and almost 30% had professional or para-professional occupations. Carers appeared to be motivated by altruism rather than by a nurturance instinct or the desire to conserve the species. Respondents considered the time-demand of rehabilitation to be the single greatest challenge to the task, while the risk of contracting a bat-transmitted disease caused concern to 41.2% of Carers. Recruitment of new Carers occurred predominantly through contact with care groups or individual bat supporters which indicated a potential avenue for the dissemi...
摘要本研究对参与飞狐康复的志愿者进行调查,以了解照顾者的人口学特征、他们的康复动机和照顾飞狐的费用。来自澳大利亚东海岸的护理人员(n=119)填写了一份两页的问卷。90%的照顾者是妇女,照顾者的年龄从<20岁到50岁以上,大多数(60%)的年龄在30-50岁之间。大多数护理人员都有工作,近30%的人从事专业或准专业职业。看护人似乎是出于利他主义,而不是出于养育本能或保护物种的愿望。受访者认为康复的时间需求是这项任务面临的最大挑战,而41.2%的护理人员担心感染蝙蝠传播疾病的风险。招募新的护理人员主要是通过与护理小组或个别蝙蝠支持者接触,这表明了传播的潜在途径。
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引用次数: 13
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Anthrozoos
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