Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.07.004
Laurance Jerrold
{"title":"You can lead a horse to water…","authors":"Laurance Jerrold","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"168 5","pages":"Pages 651-653"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145420225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.009
Peter M. Greco
{"title":"Without touch","authors":"Peter M. Greco","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"168 5","pages":"Pages 522-523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145420218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.05.005
Hyun Ji Lee , Sanghee Lee , Jae Hyun Park , Ji-Hyun Lee , Chooryung J. Chung , Kee-Joon Lee , Hyung-Seog Yu , Kyung-Ho Kim
Introduction
This study aimed to analyze periodontal changes in supraerupted maxillary molars that underwent orthodontic intrusion with miniscrews during the treatment and the postretention period.
Methods
Forty supraerupted maxillary molars were treated with buccal and palatal miniscrews and power chain loading of 100 g for orthodontic intrusion. Clinical examinations and periapical radiography were performed pretreatment, posttreatment, 6 months posttreatment, and 2 years posttreatment to measure the following parameters: clinical crown length, sulcus probing depth, bone probing depth (BPD), attached gingiva width, root length, alveolar crest level, and bone support. The extent of intrusion and relapse was measured by superimposing the dental casts. Periodontal care was performed regularly during and after treatment for all patients, and the gingival indexes were maintained <1.
Results
Immediately after treatment, clinical crown length decreased, and sulcus probing depth and BPD increased compared with the baseline; however, 6 months posttreatment, they returned to the baseline levels, except for palatal BPD. The attached gingiva width remained unchanged at all time points. Root length significantly decreased between pretreatment and posttreatment, but as the amount was <1 mm, it was considered clinically insignificant. Six months after the treatment, the alveolar crest level and bone support showed significant improvements compared with the baseline. All periodontal parameters showed no statistically significant differences between 6 months and 2 years posttreatment, indicating stability after 6 months posttreatment.
Conclusions
Orthodontic intrusion of supraerupted maxillary molars can enhance the periodontium in the long term.
{"title":"Periodontal changes in supraerupted maxillary molars after orthodontic intrusion using miniscrews: A retrospective study","authors":"Hyun Ji Lee , Sanghee Lee , Jae Hyun Park , Ji-Hyun Lee , Chooryung J. Chung , Kee-Joon Lee , Hyung-Seog Yu , Kyung-Ho Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to analyze periodontal changes in supraerupted maxillary molars that underwent orthodontic intrusion with miniscrews during the treatment and the postretention period.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty supraerupted maxillary molars were treated with buccal and palatal miniscrews and power chain loading of 100 g for orthodontic intrusion. Clinical examinations and periapical radiography were performed pretreatment, posttreatment, 6 months posttreatment, and 2 years posttreatment to measure the following parameters: clinical crown length, sulcus probing depth, bone probing depth (BPD), attached gingiva<span> width, root length, alveolar crest level, and bone support. The extent of intrusion and relapse was measured by superimposing the dental casts. Periodontal care was performed regularly during and after treatment for all patients, and the gingival indexes were maintained <1.</span></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Immediately after treatment, clinical crown length decreased, and sulcus probing depth and BPD increased compared with the baseline; however, 6 months posttreatment, they returned to the baseline levels, except for palatal BPD. The attached gingiva width remained unchanged at all time points. Root length significantly decreased between pretreatment and posttreatment, but as the amount was <1 mm, it was considered clinically insignificant. Six months after the treatment, the alveolar crest level and bone support showed significant improvements compared with the baseline. All periodontal parameters showed no statistically significant differences between 6 months and 2 years posttreatment, indicating stability after 6 months posttreatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Orthodontic intrusion of supraerupted maxillary molars can enhance the periodontium in the long term.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"168 5","pages":"Pages 551-562"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.04.024
Tingting Zhao , Min Wang , Peter Ngan , Zhendong Tao , Xueqian Yu , Fang Hua , Hong He
Introduction
As a common cause of upper airway obstruction in children, adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) has been hypothesized to adversely affect dentofacial development and morphology. This systematic review aimed to summarize the existing evidence regarding the association between ATH and dentofacial characteristics of children.
Methods
Four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and VIP Chinese Journal Database) were searched from inception to November 1, 2024, for cross-sectional studies that compared the dental or craniofacial characteristics of children with and without adenoid hypertrophy (AH) and/or tonsillar hypertrophy (TH). The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for Cross-Sectional Studies was used to assess the methodologic quality of included studies. Meta-analyses were performed with the random-effects model.
Results
Thirty-six studies were included in this review. According to meta-analyses, the mandibular plane angle (SN-MP: mean difference [MD] = 2.20° [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.47-2.92]; P <0.00001), articular angle (ArGoMe: MD, 1.23° [95% CI, 0.68-1.79]; P <0.0001) were significantly greater in children with AH and/or TH. No significant differences were found between the ANB angle between the 2 groups (MD, 0.31° [95% CI, −0.35 to 0.61]; P = 0.59). However, the SNA (MD, −0.30° [95% CI, −0.53 to −0.06]; P = 0.01) and SNB angle (MD, −0.78° [95% CI, −1.33 to −0.24]; P = 0.005) were found to be significantly smaller in children with AH and/or TH. Regarding dental characteristics, the rate of Angle Class II and III malocclusions (relative risk = 1.29 [95% CI, 1.14-1.45]; P <0.0001) and open bite (relative risk = 1.65 [95% CI, 1.21-2.25]; P = 0.001) were found to be higher in the AH and/or TH children. In addition, the width between the maxillary first molars (MD, −1.34 mm [95% CI, −2.12 to −0.56]; P = 0.0008) was found to be smaller both in AH and TH children.
Conclusions
On the basis of evidence of low to very low certainty, children with ATH tend to exhibit craniofacial characteristics such as sagittal maxillary and mandibular retrognathia and an increased mandibular plane angle. In addition, children with ATH children appear to have a higher prevalence of Class II and III malocclusions, open bite, and a narrower maxillary arch width compared with their non-ATH counterparts. However, these findings must be interpreted with caution because of the limited quality and consistency of the available evidence. The statistically significant differences identified in this review are relatively small when compared with population deviations, raising questions about their clinical significance. Further high-quality studies with standardized methodologies are needed to confirm these associations and clarify their clinical relevance.
作为儿童上气道阻塞的常见原因，腺扁桃体肥大（ATH）被认为会对牙面发育和形态产生不利影响。本系统综述旨在总结关于ATH与儿童牙面特征之间关系的现有证据。方法：检索4个数据库（PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和VIP Chinese Journal Database），从成立到2024年11月1日，对有和无腺样体肥大（AH）和/或扁桃体肥大（TH）儿童的牙齿或颅面特征进行横断面研究。采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华横断面研究量表评估纳入研究的方法学质量。采用随机效应模型进行meta分析。结果：本综述纳入了36项研究。根据meta分析，下颌平面角(SN-MP: mean difference [MD] = 2.20°[95%可信区间{CI} 1.47 ~ 2.92]；结论：基于低至极低确定性的证据，ATH患儿往往表现为上颌矢状面和下颌后颌以及下颌平面角度增加等颅面特征。此外，与非ATH患儿相比，ATH患儿出现II类和III类错咬合、开咬、上颌弓宽度更窄的发生率更高。然而，由于现有证据的质量和一致性有限，必须谨慎解释这些发现。与总体偏差相比，本综述中发现的统计学显著差异相对较小，这引发了对其临床意义的质疑。需要进一步采用标准化方法的高质量研究来证实这些关联并澄清其临床相关性。
{"title":"Is adenotonsillar hypertrophy associated with dentofacial morphology? A systematic review and meta-analyses","authors":"Tingting Zhao , Min Wang , Peter Ngan , Zhendong Tao , Xueqian Yu , Fang Hua , Hong He","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.04.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.04.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>As a common cause of upper airway obstruction in children, adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) has been hypothesized to adversely affect dentofacial development and morphology. This systematic review aimed to summarize the existing evidence regarding the association between ATH and dentofacial characteristics of children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and VIP Chinese Journal Database) were searched from inception to November 1, 2024, for cross-sectional studies that compared the dental or craniofacial characteristics of children with and without adenoid hypertrophy (AH) and/or tonsillar hypertrophy (TH). The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for Cross-Sectional Studies was used to assess the methodologic quality of included studies. Meta-analyses were performed with the random-effects model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirty-six studies were included in this review. According to meta-analyses, the mandibular plane angle (SN-MP: mean difference [MD] = 2.20° [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.47-2.92]; <em>P</em> <0.00001), articular angle (ArGoMe: MD, 1.23° [95% CI, 0.68-1.79]; <em>P</em> <0.0001) were significantly greater in children with AH and/or TH. No significant differences were found between the ANB angle between the 2 groups (MD, 0.31° [95% CI, −0.35 to 0.61]; <em>P</em> = 0.59). However, the SNA (MD, −0.30° [95% CI, −0.53 to −0.06]; <em>P</em> = 0.01) and SNB angle (MD, −0.78° [95% CI, −1.33 to −0.24]; <em>P</em> = 0.005) were found to be significantly smaller in children with AH and/or TH. Regarding dental characteristics, the rate of Angle Class II and III malocclusions (relative risk = 1.29 [95% CI, 1.14-1.45]; <em>P</em> <0.0001) and open bite (relative risk = 1.65 [95% CI, 1.21-2.25]; <em>P</em> = 0.001) were found to be higher in the AH and/or TH children. In addition, the width between the maxillary first molars (MD, −1.34 mm [95% CI, −2.12 to −0.56]; <em>P</em> = 0.0008) was found to be smaller both in AH and TH children.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>On the basis of evidence of low to very low certainty, children with ATH tend to exhibit craniofacial characteristics such as sagittal maxillary and mandibular retrognathia and an increased mandibular plane angle. In addition, children with ATH children appear to have a higher prevalence of Class II and III malocclusions, open bite, and a narrower maxillary arch width compared with their non-ATH counterparts. However, these findings must be interpreted with caution because of the limited quality and consistency of the available evidence. The statistically significant differences identified in this review are relatively small when compared with population deviations, raising questions about their clinical significance. Further high-quality studies with standardized methodologies are needed to confirm these associations and clarify their clinical relevance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"168 5","pages":"Pages 524-541.e29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multiple factors may influence the threshold at which chin deviation is detected and the point at which it is perceived as esthetically unacceptable. This study aimed to identify and compare the detection thresholds for chin deviation among orthodontists, orthodontic patients, and laypersons, and to assess how these thresholds vary across different facial types.
Methods
Photographs of a female subject were digitally manipulated to create 3 facial types (euryprosopic, mesoprosopic, and leptoprosopic) and 7 chin deviations ranging from 0° (no alteration) to 6° (most severe alteration). Evaluators assessed the attractiveness of each image using a visual analog scale and also determined whether treatment was needed. Responses were collected from orthodontists (n = 245), orthodontic patients (n = 443), and laypersons (n = 513). Analysis of variance, general linear model, and post-hoc tests were employed to determine the attractiveness ratings and diagnostic thresholds for chin asymmetries across different facial types.
Results
All 3 evaluator groups rated 0° and 1° deviations as the most attractive across all facial types. Orthodontists were able to detect chin deviation at lower thresholds, 2° in the euryprosopic type, and 1° in the mesoprosopic and leptoprosopic types. Orthodontic patients identified chin deviations at 3° in euryprosopic and mesoprosopic types (male evaluators), and at 2° mesoprosopic (female evaluators) and leptoprosopic types. Laypersons detected chin deviations at the highest thresholds (ie, 4° in euryprosopic and 3° in both mesoprosopic and leptoprosopic types).
Conclusions
Orthodontists were the most perceptive evaluators, followed by orthodontic patients, whereas laypersons were the most lenient in their assessments. Facial type influenced the threshold at which chin deviations were perceived as unacceptable, with the euryprosopic facial type showing greater tolerance for chin deviation.
{"title":"The visual perceptions of chin deviations in different facial types among orthodontists, orthodontic patients, and laypersons","authors":"Navid Naseri , Shahram Hamedani , Mohamad Shirkhani , Neda Mehrasa , Dorna Shirali , Tahereh Baherimoghadam","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Multiple factors may influence the threshold at which chin deviation is detected and the point at which it is perceived as esthetically unacceptable. This study aimed to identify and compare the detection thresholds for chin deviation among orthodontists, orthodontic patients, and laypersons, and to assess how these thresholds vary across different facial types.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Photographs of a female subject were digitally manipulated to create 3 facial types (euryprosopic, mesoprosopic, and leptoprosopic) and 7 chin deviations ranging from 0° (no alteration) to 6° (most severe alteration). Evaluators assessed the attractiveness of each image using a visual analog scale and also determined whether treatment was needed. Responses were collected from orthodontists (n = 245), orthodontic patients (n = 443), and laypersons (n = 513). Analysis of variance, general linear model, and post-hoc tests were employed to determine the attractiveness ratings and diagnostic thresholds for chin asymmetries across different facial types.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All 3 evaluator groups rated 0° and 1° deviations as the most attractive across all facial types. Orthodontists were able to detect chin deviation at lower thresholds, 2° in the euryprosopic type, and 1° in the mesoprosopic and leptoprosopic types. Orthodontic patients identified chin deviations at 3° in euryprosopic and mesoprosopic types (male evaluators), and at 2° mesoprosopic (female evaluators) and leptoprosopic types. Laypersons detected chin deviations at the highest thresholds (ie, 4° in euryprosopic and 3° in both mesoprosopic and leptoprosopic types).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Orthodontists were the most perceptive evaluators, followed by orthodontic patients, whereas laypersons were the most lenient in their assessments. Facial type influenced the threshold at which chin deviations were perceived as unacceptable, with the euryprosopic facial type showing greater tolerance for chin deviation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"168 5","pages":"Pages 639-650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.09.001
Jae Hyun Park (Editor-in-Chief)
{"title":"Beyond the impact factor: Measuring journal quality","authors":"Jae Hyun Park (Editor-in-Chief)","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"168 5","pages":"Pages 519-521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145420220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.09.014
Dr Allen H. Moffitt (CE Editor)
{"title":"November 2025 Continuing Education","authors":"Dr Allen H. Moffitt (CE Editor)","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.09.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"168 5","pages":"Pages 654.e1-654.e2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145420222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.05.008
Chunmiao Zhang , Hailin Zhu , Hu Long , Yuchao Shi , Jixiang Guo , Meng You
Introduction
The panoramic radiograph is the most commonly used imaging modality for predicting maxillary canine impaction. Several prediction models have been constructed based on panoramic radiographs. This study aimed to compare the prediction accuracy of existing models in an external validation facilitated by an automatic landmark detection system based on deep learning.
Methods
Patients aged 7-14 years who underwent panoramic radiographic examinations and received a diagnosis of impacted canines were included in the study. An automatic landmark localization system was employed to assist the measurement of geometric parameters on the panoramic radiographs, followed by the calculated prediction of the canine impaction. Three prediction models constructed by Arnautska, Alqerban et al, and Margot et al were evaluated. The metrics of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were used to compare the performance of different models.
Results
A total of 102 panoramic radiographs with 102 impacted canines and 102 nonimpacted canines were analyzed in this study. The prediction outcomes indicated that the model by Margot et al achieved the highest performance, with a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 86% (AUC, 0.97), followed by the model by Arnautska, with a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 71% (AUC, 0.94). The model by Alqerban et al showed poor performance with an AUC of only 0.20.
Conclusions
Two of the existing predictive models exhibited good diagnostic accuracy, whereas the third model demonstrated suboptimal performance. Nonetheless, even the most effective model is constrained by several limitations, such as logical and computational challenges, which necessitate further refinement.
{"title":"Deep learning-assisted comparison of different models for predicting maxillary canine impaction on panoramic radiography","authors":"Chunmiao Zhang , Hailin Zhu , Hu Long , Yuchao Shi , Jixiang Guo , Meng You","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The panoramic radiograph is the most commonly used imaging modality for predicting maxillary canine impaction. Several prediction models have been constructed based on panoramic radiographs. This study aimed to compare the prediction accuracy of existing models in an external validation facilitated by an automatic landmark detection system based on deep learning.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients aged 7-14 years who underwent panoramic radiographic examinations and received a diagnosis of impacted canines were included in the study. An automatic landmark localization system was employed to assist the measurement of geometric parameters on the panoramic radiographs, followed by the calculated prediction of the canine impaction. Three prediction models constructed by Arnautska, Alqerban et al, and Margot et al were evaluated. The metrics of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were used to compare the performance of different models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 102 panoramic radiographs with 102 impacted canines and 102 nonimpacted canines were analyzed in this study. The prediction outcomes indicated that the model by Margot et al achieved the highest performance, with a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 86% (AUC, 0.97), followed by the model by Arnautska, with a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 71% (AUC, 0.94). The model by Alqerban et al showed poor performance with an AUC of only 0.20.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Two of the existing predictive models exhibited good diagnostic accuracy, whereas the third model demonstrated suboptimal performance. Nonetheless, even the most effective model is constrained by several limitations, such as logical and computational challenges, which necessitate further refinement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"168 5","pages":"Pages 579-588.e2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.05.002
Viet Anh Nguyen , Khanh Linh Trinh , Thi Lan Anh Le , Huy Cong Nguyen , Thu Tra Nguyen
Introduction
Customized lingual orthodontic brackets require high accuracy for optimal clinical performance. Metal 3-dimensional (3D) printing and casting techniques using 3D-printed wax patterns have emerged as fabrication methods. However, comparative evaluations of their dimensional accuracy and frictional behavior remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the accuracy and frictional characteristics of customized lingual brackets fabricated using selective laser melting and conventional casting.
Methods
Thirty-six customized lingual brackets (n = 18 per group) were fabricated. The trueness and actual gaps of the bracket base were assessed using triple-scan superimposition. Positional accuracy was evaluated by linear and angular deviations, and dimensional accuracy was assessed through slot height error and convergence angle. Frictional force was measured by pulling an archwire through the bracket slot. After polishing and thermocycling, dimensional and frictional evaluations were repeated. Data were analyzed using independent samples t tests (P <0.05).
Results
Three-dimensional-printed brackets showed significantly higher trueness errors (34.5 μm) and slot height errors (29.69 μm) than cast brackets (25.2 and 21.28 μm). Frictional force was also significantly higher in the as-fabricated 3D-printed group (3.61 and 2.46 N; P <0.001). Postpolishing significantly reduced friction but did not eliminate the differences, whereas dimensional differences were no longer statistically significant between groups. Positional accuracy and convergence angle showed no significant differences between groups.
Conclusions
Three-dimensional printing and casting techniques both achieved clinically acceptable positional accuracy. However, dimensional discrepancies and higher friction in 3D-printed brackets highlight the need for optimized postprocessing to enhance clinical performance.
{"title":"Comparative evaluation of the accuracy of customized lingual orthodontic brackets fabricated by metal 3-dimensional printing and casting: An in vitro study","authors":"Viet Anh Nguyen , Khanh Linh Trinh , Thi Lan Anh Le , Huy Cong Nguyen , Thu Tra Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Customized lingual orthodontic brackets require high accuracy for optimal clinical performance. Metal 3-dimensional (3D) printing and casting techniques using 3D-printed wax patterns have emerged as fabrication methods. However, comparative evaluations of their dimensional accuracy and frictional behavior remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the accuracy and frictional characteristics of customized lingual brackets fabricated using selective laser melting and conventional casting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><span>Thirty-six customized lingual brackets (n = 18 per group) were fabricated. The trueness and actual gaps of the bracket base were assessed using triple-scan superimposition. Positional accuracy was evaluated by linear and angular deviations, and dimensional accuracy was assessed through slot height error and convergence angle. Frictional force was measured by pulling an archwire through the bracket slot. After polishing and thermocycling, dimensional and frictional evaluations were repeated. Data were analyzed using independent samples </span><em>t</em> tests (<em>P</em> <0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three-dimensional-printed brackets showed significantly higher trueness errors (34.5 μm) and slot height errors (29.69 μm) than cast brackets (25.2 and 21.28 μm). Frictional force was also significantly higher in the as-fabricated 3D-printed group (3.61 and 2.46 N; <em>P</em> <0.001). Postpolishing significantly reduced friction but did not eliminate the differences, whereas dimensional differences were no longer statistically significant between groups. Positional accuracy and convergence angle showed no significant differences between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Three-dimensional printing and casting techniques both achieved clinically acceptable positional accuracy. However, dimensional discrepancies and higher friction in 3D-printed brackets highlight the need for optimized postprocessing to enhance clinical performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"168 5","pages":"Pages 542-550"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.05.010
Hye-Young Sim , Jung-Sub An , Min-Ho Jung
Introduction
This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of total arch intrusion (TAI) treatment in patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion with retruded mandible and compare the treatment changes between adolescents and adults.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed cephalometric radiographs of 30 patients who underwent TAI using miniscrews. Growing adolescent patients were classified as group 1 (G1), whereas nongrowing patients were classified as group 2 (G2). There were 16 patients in G1 and 14 in G2, and the average ages at the start of treatment were 13.2 years and 27.8 years, respectively. Pretreatment and posttreatment cephalometric measurements and changes were compared, and the correlation among these measurements was analyzed.
Results
Significant decreases were observed in mandibular plane angle (P <0.001); however, no significant difference was observed between the 2 groups. There was a significantly greater increase in SNB (P <0.05) and facial height ratio (P <0.01) and a decrease in ANB (P <0.01) in G1. The pogonion to nasion perpendicular line increased more in G1 (5.11 mm) than in G2 (3.88 mm), but this difference was not statistical significant. In correlation analysis, the mandibular plane rotation had a strong correlation with changes in Pog to N perp in G1, but there was a weak correlation in G2.
Conclusions
TAI was an effective treatment option to improve the retrognathic profile. The adolescent group showed significantly greater anteroposterior skeletal improvement and profile changes than the adult group with TAI.
{"title":"Comparison of the effects of total arch intrusion treatment in adolescents and adults: A pilot study","authors":"Hye-Young Sim , Jung-Sub An , Min-Ho Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of total arch intrusion (TAI) treatment in patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion with retruded mandible and compare the treatment changes between adolescents and adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively analyzed cephalometric radiographs of 30 patients who underwent TAI using miniscrews. Growing adolescent patients were classified as group 1 (G1), whereas nongrowing patients were classified as group 2 (G2). There were 16 patients in G1 and 14 in G2, and the average ages at the start of treatment were 13.2 years and 27.8 years, respectively. Pretreatment and posttreatment cephalometric measurements and changes were compared, and the correlation among these measurements was analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant decreases were observed in mandibular plane angle (<em>P</em> <0.001); however, no significant difference was observed between the 2 groups. There was a significantly greater increase in SNB (<em>P</em> <0.05) and facial height ratio (<em>P</em> <0.01) and a decrease in ANB (<em>P</em> <0.01) in G1. The pogonion to nasion perpendicular line increased more in G1 (5.11 mm) than in G2 (3.88 mm), but this difference was not statistical significant. In correlation analysis, the mandibular plane rotation had a strong correlation with changes in Pog to N perp in G1, but there was a weak correlation in G2.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>TAI was an effective treatment option to improve the retrognathic profile. The adolescent group showed significantly greater anteroposterior skeletal improvement and profile changes than the adult group with TAI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"168 5","pages":"Pages 589-597"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144994452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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