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New Combinations in Some Hawaiian Ferns 一些夏威夷蕨类植物的新组合
4区 生物学 Q4 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.1640/0002-8444-113.3.211
Miles K. Thomas, Timothy J. Gallaher
New combinations are made for several ferns in the Hawaiian Islands in the genera Asplenium, Cystopteris, Dicranopteris, and Microlepia: Asplenium dielerectum f. alexandri comb. nov., Cystopteris douglasii var. sandwicensis, stat. and comb. nov., Dicranopteris linearis var. emarginata comb. nov., and Microlepia setosa var. mauiensis comb nov. A new nothogenus, 3Christelliopsis nothogen. nov. is named for hybrids between Christella and Menisciopsis and a new combination, 3Christelliopsis palmeri comb. nov. is made for the hybrid Christella dentata 3 Menisciopsis cyatheoides.
夏威夷群岛几种蕨类植物的新组合为Asplenium, Cystopteris, Dicranopteris和Microlepia: Asplenium dielerectum f. alexandri comb。11月,卷叶卷叶卷叶卷叶卷叶卷叶卷叶卷叶卷叶卷叶卷叶卷叶卷叶卷叶卷叶。11月,双翅目线性变异无毛梳子。11 .新属3Christelliopsis nothogen。11月命名为christelliopsis和半月板opsis的杂交品种,以及一个新的组合,3Christelliopsis palmeri comb。11月为齿状Christella dentata 3半月板opsis cyatheoides杂交株。
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引用次数: 0
Resolving Deep Relationships and Revealing Ancient Whole-Genome Duplications in Pteridaceae using Transcriptomic Data 利用转录组学数据解决翼科植物深层关系并揭示古代全基因组复制
4区 生物学 Q4 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.1640/0002-8444-113.3.191
Michael J. Song, Carl J. Rothfels, Eric Schuettpelz, Joel Nitta, Layne Huiet, Fay-Wei Li, Keir M. Wefferling
Relationships among the major subclades in the fern family Pteridaceae have proven difficult to resolve. Here, we examine the backbone of this large and heterogeneous lineage using both phylotranscriptomic methods and a more focused, curated approach. We find that Pteridoideae and Parkerioideae are together sister to the rest of Pteridaceae and that Cryptogrammoideae is sister to Vittarioideae plus Cheilanthoideae. We find independent support from our phylotranscriptomic analyses, published cytological data, and genomic distributions of substitutions per site for several whole-genome duplication (WGD) events within Pteridaceae, mainly in Vittarioideae and Cheilanthoideae. However, the various inference methods gave differing approximations for the placement of WGD events within each clade. This study demonstrates that phylotranscriptomic analyses, which employ large datasets at the cost of requiring simpler models and potentially a greater risk of systematic error, can be used in concert with more curated approaches to resolve deep phylogenetic relationships. It also provides an example of the difficulty of confidently inferring ancient WGD event placement, even when using multiple methods.
蕨类科蕨类植物中主要亚支系之间的关系已被证明是难以解决的。在这里,我们使用系统转录组学方法和更有针对性的方法来检查这种大型异质谱系的主干。我们发现,蕨类科和蕨科是其他蕨类科的姐妹科,而隐科是Vittarioideae和Cheilanthoideae的姐妹科。我们从我们的系统转录组学分析、已发表的细胞学数据和在翼科(主要是Vittarioideae和Cheilanthoideae)中几个全基因组重复(WGD)事件的每个位点替换的基因组分布中发现了独立的支持。然而,各种推断方法给出了不同的WGD事件在每个分支中的位置近似值。这项研究表明,系统转录组学分析可以与更有条理的方法一起使用,以解决深层系统发育关系为代价,使用大型数据集,需要更简单的模型,并且可能存在更大的系统错误风险。它还提供了一个例子,说明即使使用多种方法,也很难自信地推断古代WGD事件的位置。
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引用次数: 0
In Situ Observations of the Gametophytes of Six Fern Species of Costa Rica 哥斯达黎加6种蕨类植物配子体的原位观察
4区 生物学 Q4 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.1640/0002-8444-113.3.170
Daniela Aros-Mualin, Catalina Flores-Galván, Saúl Páez, Jessie A. Pelosi, Elissa Sorojsrisom, Noah Yawn, James E. Watkins
Fern gametophytes are an often-overlooked part of field studies on ferns due to the challenge of finding material and the difficulty of identifying wild-collected plants. Most existing gametophyte descriptions are derived from lab-reared plants and while it is thought that many of the morphological features are similar under both conditions, we still have a poor understanding of in situ morphology for most taxa. The goal of this work was to document a set of morphological observations from the gametophytes of six different species collected in situ. We discovered identifiable gametophyte populations of Elaphoglossum latifolium, Hymenophyllum myriocarpoum, Lomariopsis maxonii, Polypodium dulce, Polytaenium cajenense, and Sticherus bifidus during the 2022 OTS Tropical Ferns and Lycophytes course in Costa Rica. Gametophytes were collected in the field, observed, and photographed using stereo and compound microscopy. This work represents the first detailed description for these species' gametophytes from field collections and offers insights into their natural morphology.
蕨类配子体是蕨类野外研究中经常被忽视的一部分,因为寻找材料的挑战和鉴定野生采集植物的困难。大多数现有的配子体描述都来源于实验室培养的植物,尽管人们认为在这两种条件下许多形态特征是相似的,但我们对大多数分类群的原位形态仍然知之甚少。本工作的目的是记录一组从六种不同物种的配子体原位采集的形态学观察。在哥斯达黎加的2022年OTS热带蕨类和石松类课程中,我们发现了可识别的配子体群体,包括Elaphoglossum latifolium、Hymenophyllum myriocarpoum、Lomariopsis maxonii、Polypodium dulce、Polytaenium cajenense和Sticherus bifidus。野外采集配子体,利用立体显微镜和复合显微镜进行观察和拍照。这项工作代表了从野外收集的这些物种配子体的第一次详细描述,并提供了对其自然形态的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring Past and Future Distributions of the Rare Appalachian Oak Fern Using MaxEnt Modeling 利用MaxEnt模型探索稀有阿巴拉契亚橡树蕨的过去和未来分布
IF 0.8 4区 生物学 Q4 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.1640/0002-8444-113.2.109
Nikolai M. Hay, Jadesola Akinwuntan, Victor Cai, M. Windham, K. Pryer
Abstract. Anthropogenic climate change is projected to have an especially negative impact on the survival of plants that are dependent on limited microclimatic refugia or that already reside at their climatic extreme. Gymnocarpium appalachianum is a narrowly endemic fern restricted to cold mountaintops and algific vents in the central and southern Appalachian region of eastern North America. It is the much rarer of the two documented diploid parents of the circumboreal allotetraploid G. dryopteris––one of the most widespread fern species on the planet. Gymnocarpium appalachianum is a good case study for forecasting how evolutionarily significant, but rare, species might survive on a warming planet. We utilize an ecological niche modeling approach (MaxEnt) to explore the projected distribution of G. appalachianum under past (Last Glacial Maximum) and future climate models. All known verified herbarium records of G. appalachianum were georeferenced, for a total of 70 occurrence points. Nineteen standard bioclimatic variables extracted from WorldClim were used to model near-current climate projections; representative concentration pathways (RCPs 2.6 and 8.5) were used for future climate projections (2070). The temperature annual range, mean temperature of warmest quarter, precipitation of driest month, precipitation of coldest quarter, and mean diurnal range were identified as the key variables for shaping the distribution of G. appalachianum. An unanticipated result from our analyses is that G. appalachianum has past and current projected habitat suitability in Alaska. Because this overlaps with the current range of G. disjunctum, the other diploid parent of G. dryopteris, it suggests a possible region of origin for this circumboreal tetraploid descendent of G. appalachianum––a research avenue to be pursued in the future. Our study envisions a dire fate for G. appalachianum; its survival will likely require an urgent contingency plan that includes human-mediated population relocation to cooler, northern locations. Understanding the long-term sustainability of narrowly endemic plants such as G. appalachianum is critical in decisions about their management and conservation.
摘要预计人为气候变化将对依赖有限的小气候避难所或已经处于气候极端的植物的生存产生特别负面的影响。阿巴拉契亚裸果蕨是一种狭窄的特有蕨类,仅限于北美洲东部阿巴拉契亚中南部寒冷的山顶和发痛的喷口。它是地球上分布最广泛的蕨类物种之一,是环北方异四倍体鳞毛蕨的两个二倍体亲本中罕见的一个。半乳糖裸核是一个很好的案例研究,可以预测具有进化意义但罕见的物种如何在变暖的地球上生存。我们利用生态位建模方法(MaxEnt)来探索在过去(最后一次冰川盛期)和未来气候模型下阿巴拉契亚木的预测分布。对所有已知的已证实的阿巴拉契亚木植物标本馆记录进行了地理参考,共有70个发生点。从WorldClim中提取的19个标准生物气候变量用于模拟近现代气候预测;代表性浓度途径(RCP 2.6和8.5)用于未来气候预测(2070)。温度年变化范围、最热季平均温度、最干燥月降水量、最冷季降水量和平均日变化范围被确定为形成阿巴拉契亚木分布的关键变量。我们的分析得出了一个意想不到的结果,即阿巴拉契亚木过去和现在都有阿拉斯加的栖息地适宜性。由于这与鳞毛蕨的另一个二倍体亲本间断毛蕨的当前范围重叠,这表明这种北半球四倍体的阿巴拉契亚毛蕨后代可能有一个起源区域——这是未来的研究途径。我们的研究设想了G.appalachianum的可怕命运;它的生存可能需要一个紧急的应急计划,其中包括由人类介导的人口迁移到更凉爽的北部地区。了解阿巴拉契亚木等狭义特有植物的长期可持续性,对其管理和保护决策至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Lectotypifications of Neotropical Ferns and Lycophytes Present in the Guianas 圭亚那新热带蕨类植物和苔藓植物的分类
IF 0.8 4区 生物学 Q4 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.1640/0002-8444-113.2.71
M. Boudrie, G. Cremers, J. Prado
Abstract. In this paper, we present the lectotypification of 57 names of ferns and lycophytes for a total of 60 taxa studied. These names belong to species that occur mainly in the Guianas and other localities in the Neotropical region. Most of these names (46) are synonyms and others (14) are names in use. Among these 57 lectotypifications, 45 are here designated, 10 of them were already made by previous authors, but were overlooked by subsequent authors or for which we give additional information, and two others are second-step lectotypifications (Adiantum tomentosum and Pteris biformis). Two holotypes have been confirmed, and for one name (Adiantum petiolatum), typification was not possible to make because we did not find the original material. For all cited types, we provide information about the presence of barcode or accession numbers. This information allows easy localization of the type specimens and their image through the Word Wide Web.
摘要在本文中,我们对总共研究的60个分类群中的57个蕨类植物和番茄属名称进行了分类。这些名称属于主要出现在圭亚那和新热带地区其他地区的物种。这些名称中的大多数(46)是同义词,其他(14)是正在使用的名称。在这57个选择型中,有45个在这里被指定,其中10个已经由以前的作者制作,但被后来的作者忽视了,或者我们提供了额外的信息,另外两个是第二步选择型(毛铁线蕨和双翅翼蕨)。两个正模已经被证实,对于一个名字(铁线蕨),由于我们没有找到原始材料,无法进行典型化。对于所有引用的类型,我们提供有关条形码或登录号的信息。这些信息可以通过万维网轻松定位模式标本及其图像。
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引用次数: 0
Growth, Photosynthesis, and Respiration of the Aquatic Floating Fern Salvinia minima 水生浮蕨的生长、光合作用和呼吸作用
IF 0.8 4区 生物学 Q4 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.1640/0002-8444-113.2.61
O. R. Oger, A. N. Biology, Paleo Environment
Abstract. Salvinia minima is a relatively small, floating aquatic leptosporangiate fern in the family Salviniaceae. It is widely distributed in the horticultural trade as an ornamental plant for aquaria and aquatic gardens. Consequently, it has escaped into the natural environment where it produces large, dense mats of branching ramets that are often deleterious to other aquatic biota, particularly in tropical and mild temperate regions. This is a report of a laboratory experimental study of the growth, photosynthesis and dark respiration of S. minima, particularly addressing the variables in a way that is potentially relevant for environmental and ecological research applications. Photosynthetic carbon assimilation rates are inversely related to the leaf area of the ramets, and approximates a second-order polynomial function defined by non-linear regression analysis (p < 0.01); namely, A = 6.3761 - 0.3381 * L + 0.005 * L2, where A is CO2 assimilation rate (µmol m–2 s–1) and L is leaf area of the ramets (cm2). Data are also presented on the quantum yield efficiency (Fv/Fm) and electron transfer (ET0/RC) for ramet leaves of different sizes, indicating that low quantum yield efficiency most likely accounts for lower CO2 assimilation rates in more mature ramets with larger leaves. The dark respiration is approximately equivalent to 30% of the net photosynthesis CO2 assimilation rate. The relative growth rate (RGR) is 0.03 accounting for about a 4% gain in weight per day relative to the initial weight of the S. minima ramets.
摘要小鼠尾草(Salvinia minima)是鼠尾草科中一种相对较小的、漂浮的水生细孢子蕨。它广泛分布于园艺行业,作为水族馆和水生花园的观赏植物。因此,它已经逃逸到自然环境中,在那里它产生了巨大而密集的分枝灯节,这些灯节通常对其他水生生物有害,特别是在热带和温和温带地区。这是一份关于S. minima生长、光合作用和暗呼吸的实验室实验研究报告,特别是以一种可能与环境和生态研究应用相关的方式解决这些变量。光合碳同化速率与分株叶面积呈负相关,近似于非线性回归分析定义的二阶多项式函数(p < 0.01);即A = 6.3761 - 0.3381 * L + 0.005 * L2,其中A为CO2同化速率(µmol m-2 s-1), L为分株叶面积(cm2)。不同大小分株叶片的量子产率效率(Fv/Fm)和电子转移(ET0/RC)数据也表明,低量子产率效率很可能是叶片较大的成熟分株CO2同化率较低的原因。暗呼吸大约相当于净光合作用CO2同化率的30%。相对生长率(RGR)为0.03,相对于最小s品种的初始体重,每天增加约4%。
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引用次数: 0
Elaphoglossum auralolitae, a New Species of Elaphoglossum Sect. Lepidoglossa (Dryopteridaceae) from Guatemala 金花兰,金花兰属一新种。危地马拉鳞翅目(鳞毛蕨科)
IF 0.8 4区 生物学 Q4 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.1640/0002-8444-113.2.126
A. Martínez-Becerril, Alejandra Vasco
Abstract. We describe Elaphoglossum auralolitae, a new species from southwestern Guatemala. The new species belongs to the Elaphoglossum petiolatum complex, in Elaphoglossum section Lepidoglossa, one of the largest sections within the genus. Elaphoglossum auralolitae is characterized by petioles and laminae densely scaly, with large scales including those of costae and margins; the presence of resinous dots on the petioles (mostly obscured by the scales) and on the abaxial laminar surface; and spores with spiny perispores. Only a dozen collections are known of this species so far, all of them from the Sierra Madre mountains in southwestern Guatemala. The first collection of this species was made in 1938 and the most recent was in 1992. We provide a description, taxonomic comments, geographic distribution, phenology, and illustrations for this new species. Resumen. Describimos Elaphoglossum auralolitae, una especie nueva del suroeste de Guatemala. Esta especie forma parte del complejo de Elaphoglossum petiolatum, el cual hace parte de Elaphoglossum sección Lepidoglossa, una de las secciones más grandes dentro del género. Elaphoglossum auralolitae se caracteriza por pecíolos y láminas densamente escamosos, con escamas grandes, incluyendo las de la costa y las márgenes; presencia de puntos resinosos en los pecíolos (generalmente cubiertos por las escamas) y en la superficie laminar abaxial, y esporas con perisporas espinosas. Hasta el momento se conocen únicamente una docena de colecciones de esta especie, todas provenientes de la Sierra Madre en Guatemala. La primera colecta se realizó en 1938 y la más reciente en 1992. Este trabajo incluye la descripción e ilustración de esta nueva especie, imágenes de sus esporas, comentarios taxonómicos, distribución geográfica y fenología.
摘要。我们描述了危地马拉西南部的一个新物种Elaphoglossum auralolitae。该新物种属于该属最大的部分之一的Lepidoglossa Elaphoglossum部分中的叶柄Elaphoglossum复合体。金莲花的特点是叶柄和叶片密集,有很大的鳞片,包括沿海和边缘的鳞片;叶柄(大部分被鳞片遮住)和背面的树脂点的存在;和带有刺状孢子的孢子。到目前为止,只有十几个标本已知这种物种,所有这些标本都来自危地马拉西南部的马德雷山脉。这种物种的第一次收集是在1938年,最近一次是在1992年。我们为这个新物种提供了描述、分类学评论、地理分布、物候学和插图。总结。我们描述了危地马拉西南部的一个新物种Elaphoglossum auralolitae。该物种是叶状弹舌复合体的一部分,叶状弹舌复合体是该属最大的部分之一。金莲花的特征是叶柄和叶片密被鳞片,有大鳞片,包括沿海和边缘的鳞片;叶柄(通常被鳞片覆盖)和背面有树脂斑点,孢子有刺周孢子。到目前为止,只知道十几个这种物种的收藏,都来自危地马拉的马德雷山脉。第一次收集是在1938年,最近一次是在1992年。这项工作包括对这个新物种的描述和插图,其孢子的图像,分类评论,地理分布和物候学。
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引用次数: 0
Cover 封面
4区 生物学 Q4 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.1640/0002-8444-113.2.fmi
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引用次数: 0
Cover 封面
4区 生物学 Q4 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.1640/0002-8444-113.1.fmi
{"title":"Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1640/0002-8444-113.1.fmi","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1640/0002-8444-113.1.fmi","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50817,"journal":{"name":"American Fern Journal","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134939527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PROFESSOR S. K. ROY 罗伊教授
IF 0.8 4区 生物学 Q4 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.1640/0002-8444-113.1.59
P. B. Khare
{"title":"PROFESSOR S. K. ROY","authors":"P. B. Khare","doi":"10.1640/0002-8444-113.1.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1640/0002-8444-113.1.59","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50817,"journal":{"name":"American Fern Journal","volume":"113 1","pages":"59 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48135441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
American Fern Journal
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