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"Lifting the Blame from the Speaker" Including those from whom Al-Imam Al-Bukhari Narrated a Single Hadith [Al _Tabi’n(The followed Narrators) as an Example] "推卸发言人的责任",包括伊玛目布哈里传述单段圣训的人 [Al _Tabi'n(跟随的传述者)为例]
Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.61707/3jt41937
Najah M. Al-Azzam, Muhammad Odeh Ahmed Al-Hawari
Objectives: Identifying the follower narrators for whom Al-Bukhari included one narration in the Sahih (and speaking about them from the point of view of their justice or from the point of view of their control, in terms of: enumerating their number according to their different classes, explaining the origin of the criticism directed at them, revealing its source, and clarifying the ways to ward it off according to the strength of the evidence and sobriety guide. Methodology: The current study followed the inductive approach of tracing the names of the classes of narrators spoken of among Bukhari’s men and knowing the number of their narrations. To distinguish the followers from them, and for whom Al-Bukhari included one narration in Al-Sahih; To count them, and determine the source of the criticism directed at them, I also followed the critical approach: which consists of studying the appeals directed at these narrators, and criticizing them, while explaining Al-Bukhari’s methods in grading their hadiths, and justifying that according to the strength of the proof and the relevance of the evidence. Results: 1. The number of Tabi’n (The followers)narrators whose hadiths were criticized by Imam al-Bukhari, and for whom only one hadith was produced, was fourteen Tabi’is(plural of Tabia), that is, 20% of the total number of Tabi’n narrators who spoke about it, among the men of Sahih, who numbered sixty-nine narrators, as was The number of those who spoke about it from the standpoint of justice among those who produced one hadith was five narrators, while the number of those who spoke about it from the standpoint of control was nine narrators. 2. Imam al-Bukhari’s craft of selection was evident in those among Al-Tabi’n (the followers) who produced a single hadith for them who spoke about them. 3. It is necessary to return to the context of the words of the critical imams(plural of Imam )in their sources as much as possible. Perhaps their words were taken out of context and implied something that was intolerable. Conclusion: We recommend that the current study conduct applied studies of the critical narrators of the Sahih men according to their classes. 
目标确定布哈里将其传述纳入《圣训集》的追随者传述者(并从其公正性或控制的角度谈论他们,包括:根据其不同等级列举其人数,解释针对他们的批评的起源,揭示其根源,并根据证据的强度和清醒的指导阐明抵制批评的方法)。研究方法:本次研究采用了归纳法,即追溯布哈里部下所说的各类传述者的姓名,了解他们的传述数量。为了区分他们的追随者,以及布哈里在《圣训集》中收录了哪些人的传述;为了对他们进行统计,并确定针对他们的批评的来源,我还采用了批判性方法:包括研究针对这些传述者的呼吁,并对他们进行批评,同时解释布哈里对他们的圣训进行分级的方法,并根据证明的强度和证据的相关性进行辩解。结果1.其圣训受到伊玛目布哈里批评的塔比(追随者)传述者人数为 14 位 Tabi'is(Tabia 的复数),占《圣训实录》中谈论此事的塔比传述者总人数的 20%、从正义的角度谈论它的传述者有五人,而从控制的角度谈论它的传述者有九人。2.伊玛目布哈里的选择技巧体现在那些为 Al-Tabi'n(追随者)中讲述他们的人提供一条圣训的人身上。3.3. 有必要尽可能地回到关键伊玛目(伊玛目的复数)在其资料中所说话语的上下文。也许他们的话被断章取义了,暗示了一些不能容忍的东西。结论:我们建议目前的研究根据《圣训实录》中的关键叙述者的等级对他们进行应用研究。
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引用次数: 0
The Essence of The Similarity of The Tax Court's Decision on A Tax Lawsuit Against the Decree on The Application for Reduction/Cancellation of SKP Is Not Correct 税务法院关于对申请减少/取消 SKP 的法令提起税务诉讼的裁决的相似性的实质不正确
Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.61707/6ga7pk90
Azwar Amiruddin, L. Husen, Muhammad Rinaldy Bima, Kamal Hidjaz
Tax lawsuits allow taxpayers to challenge adverse tax decisions and ensure the protection of rights and fairness. The reform of the tax system from official assessment to self-assessment is regulated by Law Number 6 of 1983 and its amendments, to increase fairness and transparency. Nevertheless, the challenge of legal interpretation remains a major issue. This study explores Article 36 paragraph (1) b of the Tax Law with a hermeneutic approach, which highlights the flexibility of legal interpretation depending on the social, economic, and intentional context of the legislator. The difference in interpretation of the flexible and rigid hermeneutic approach illustrates how legal practitioners and legal dynamics influence the interpretation of the article. The recommendations in the study emphasize the importance of a flexible hermeneutic approach to legal interpretation, by involving legal practitioners to gain diverse perspectives. This is important to ensure policy adaptation in accordance with changes in laws and tax policies.   
税务诉讼允许纳税人对不利的税务决定提出质疑,并确保权利保护和公平性。1983 年第 6 号法律及其修正案规定了从官方评估到自我评估的税制改革,以提高公平性和透明度。然而,法律解释方面的挑战仍然是一个主要问题。本研究采用诠释学方法探讨了《税法》第 36 条第(1)b 款,该条款强调了法律解释的灵活性,这取决于社会、经济和立法者的意图背景。灵活诠释法和僵化诠释法在解释上的差异说明了法律从业人员和法律动态是如何影响条款解释的。研究中的建议强调了灵活诠释法在法律诠释中的重要性,即让法律从业者参与其中,以获得不同的观点。这对于确保根据法律和税收政策的变化进行政策调整非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
Justification of Sexism and Gender Violence Among Nursing Students at a University in Guayaquil 瓜亚基尔一所大学护理专业学生对性别歧视和性别暴力的辩解
Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.61707/kae2tt24
Rosa Elvira Muñoz Aucapiña, Betzaida Salomet Cerezo Leal, Silvia Geomara Fernández Villavicencio, Caguana Rocha Evelyn Katherine, Gloria Janeth Muñiz Granoble, Soriano García Katherine Nicole, Calderón Infante Georgina Geraldyl
Gender-based violence is a significant global health concern, with epidemic proportions. It has been linked to a range of negative health effects (1). Gender-based violence and sexism are related because they are two forms of expression of gender violence that are experienced every day in different social and cultural environments and in different age groups. The overarching objective is to: The objective of this study is to identify the existence of justifications for sexism and gender violence among female university nursing students. The methodology employed in this study was as follows: This study employs a descriptive, quantitative, cross-sectional, and prospective design. The population consisted of 903 nursing students enrolled in the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) nursing program, who were sampled by simple random convenience sampling, obtaining a sample of 300 students. The results of the study are presented below. The majority of respondents identified as female (78%), while the remaining 22% identified as male. Conversely, the age group most prevalent among the sample was 20-25 years old, representing 59% of the total. The study population was divided into two groups: those with high self-esteem (51%) and those lacking self-esteem (49%). The female group exhibited the lowest levels of self-esteem, with 32% reporting low self-esteem compared to 20% of men. In relation to the justification of sexism and gender violence, the highest percentage was found in men. Conclusions: It was determined that a certain percentage of nursing students justify sexism and gender violence. 
性别暴力是一个重大的全球健康问题,已达到流行病的程度。它与一系列负面健康影响有关 (1)。基于性别的暴力和性别歧视是相关的,因为它们是性别暴力的两种表现形式,在不同的社会和文化环境中以及在不同的年龄组中每天都会经历。总体目标是本研究的目的是确定护理专业女大学生中是否存在性别歧视和性别暴力的理由。本研究采用的方法如下:本研究采用描述性、定量、横断面和前瞻性设计。研究对象包括加州大学旧金山分校(UCSF)护理专业的 903 名护理专业学生,采用简单随机方便抽样法,获得 300 个学生样本。研究结果如下。大多数受访者为女性(78%),其余 22% 为男性。相反,样本中最普遍的年龄组是 20-25 岁,占总数的 59%。研究对象分为两组:自尊心强的人(51%)和缺乏自尊心的人(49%)。女性群体的自尊水平最低,32%的女性表示自尊心不足,而男性则为 20%。在为性别歧视和性别暴力辩护方面,男性所占比例最高。结论已确定一定比例的护理专业学生为性别歧视和性别暴力辩护。
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引用次数: 0
Principles Assets Separation by The Foundation Founder Regarding the Authority of The Heirs' Rights 基金会创始人关于继承人权利的资产分离原则
Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.61707/320cca58
Angely Putri Salonggo, Aidir Amin Daud
When establishing a foundation, the foundation founder must separate his personal assets when establishing a foundation. The purpose of this writing is to analyze the nature of the separation of assets of foundation founders from the authority of heirs' rights from the legal perspective of foundations in Indonesia. This research uses legal analysis and normative legal research using an approach that includes a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of this research show that foundations as legal entities have assets that are separate from the personal wealth of their founders, so they do not there is an individual or legal entity that owns the foundation. Management of foundation assets must be transparent, with annual reports to the Trustees. Unlawful actions such as control of foundation assets by the founder or his heirs are subject to criminal sanctions, including the return of transferred assets, in accordance with the provisions of the Foundation Law.
在建立基金会时,基金会创始人必须将其个人资产与基金会的建立分离开来。本文旨在从印尼基金会的法律角度分析基金会创始人资产与继承人权利权限分离的性质。本研究采用法律分析和规范性法律研究,使用的方法包括法定方法和概念方法。研究结果表明,基金会作为法律实体,其资产与其创始人的个人财富是分开的,因此不存在拥有基金会的个人或法律实体。基金会资产的管理必须透明,并向受托人提交年度报告。根据《基金会法》的规定,创始人或其继承人控制基金会资产等非法行为将受到刑事制裁,包括返还转移的资产。
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引用次数: 0
Learning Styles as A Teaching Process in Elementary and Middle School Nursing Students 作为教学过程的中小学护理专业学生的学习风格
Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.61707/jzg4r955
Doris Susana Delgado Bernal, Martha Saida Quiroz Figueroa, Yomaira Estefania Pincay Reyes, Jaqueline Beatriz Delgado Molina, Mercedes María Lucas Choez, Delia Georgina Bravo Bonoso, Lorena Maria Loor Alvarado
Learning styles are a significant aspect of the teaching process in nursing students. They encompass individual preferences and approaches to acquiring and processing new information. Each student possesses a unique learning style, and understanding this can be advantageous in adapting and enhancing teaching strategies to align with their abilities, aspirations, and needs. Additionally, recognizing their learning style involves addressing the issue of diverse learning styles. The objective of this study is to identify learning styles as a teaching process in elementary and middle school nursing students. The methodology employed in this study is quantitative and non-experimental. The data were collected using a validated instrument that was adapted to align with the characteristics of the student population at the Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí. The findings of this study highlight the importance of adapting teaching strategies to accommodate individual preferences. A diverse range of learning styles was identified, including visual, auditory, and kinesthetic. The study's conclusions suggest that learning styles play a crucial role in the teaching process for elementary and middle school nursing students, and that they can be utilized to enhance learning outcomes. 
学习风格是护理专业学生教学过程中的一个重要方面。它们包括个人获取和处理新信息的偏好和方法。每个学生都有自己独特的学习风格,了解这一点有利于调整和改进教学策略,使之符合学生的能力、愿望和需求。此外,认识他们的学习风格还涉及到解决多样化学习风格的问题。本研究的目的是在教学过程中识别中小学护理专业学生的学习风格。本研究采用的方法是定量和非实验性的。数据收集使用的是经过验证的工具,该工具经过调整以符合马纳比南方国立大学学生群体的特点。本研究的结果凸显了调整教学策略以适应个人偏好的重要性。研究发现了多种多样的学习风格,包括视觉、听觉和动觉。研究结论表明,学习风格在中小学护理专业学生的教学过程中起着至关重要的作用,可以利用学习风格来提高学习效果。
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引用次数: 0
Local Wisdom of 3 (Three) Batu Tungku in Handling Pancasila-Based Conflicts 三个峇都东姑在处理基于班查希拉的冲突时的地方智慧
Pub Date : 2024-07-28 DOI: 10.61707/c68eer11
Asnat Juljana Luturmas, Lita Wardhani, Sukirno, Iqbal Taufik
One of the Pancasila-based conflict management arrangements is the local wisdom of 3 (three) hearth stones. Local wisdom is 3 (three) hearthstones in handling conflict involving the Head of Government, Traditional Leaders and Religious Leaders. Conflict handling using local wisdom has not been implemented optimally, even though it really touches the basic part of community life itself, where the local wisdom of 3 Batu Tungku is carried out with a joint handling process within the family involving the village authority as Head of Government to control the course of the procession, Traditional Leaders play an important role as a liaison with the ancestors to carry out PAMALI traditional ceremonies, and the involvement of Religious Figures as a sign of belief in the God they believe in, these three institutions work together and maintain each other's calling duties when they function so that they do not leave behind grudges and hatred. The continuity of conflict management based on the local wisdom of 3 hearth stones carried out in Maluku, especially on Buru Island in Buru Regency, is also an answer to the recommendation for the creation of regional regulations to strengthen conflict management in the Republic of Indonesia region based on Pancasila as a follow-up to the implementation of the PKS Law and Regional Government Law and in accordance with the Principles 4 of the Republic of Indonesia Pancasila. 
以潘查希拉为基础的冲突管理安排之一是 "三块炉石 "地方智慧。地方智慧是处理涉及政府首脑、传统领袖和宗教领袖的冲突的三块炉石。利用地方智慧处理冲突虽然真正触及到社区生活本身的基本部分,但却没有得到最佳实施,地方智慧 "3 Batu Tungku "在家庭内部的联合处理过程中得到实施,村当局作为政府首脑参与其中,以控制游行的进程、传统领袖作为与祖先联系的纽带,在举行 PAMALI 传统仪式中发挥着重要作用;宗教人士的参与则是对他们所信仰的神的一种信仰,这三个机构相互合作,并在发挥作用时维护彼此的召唤职责,从而避免留下怨恨和仇恨。在马鲁古,特别是在布鲁行政区的布鲁岛(Buru Island),根据当地 3 块灵石的智慧持续开展冲突管理,这也是对根据《潘卡希拉》制定地区法规以加强印度尼西亚共和国地区冲突管理的建议的回应,是《潘卡希拉法》和《地区政府法》实施的后续行动,符合印度尼西亚共和国《潘卡希拉》原则 4。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding Olfactory Perception and its Significance in The Exploration of Sensescape Scenarios in Asian Cities 了解嗅觉感知及其在亚洲城市感官景观场景探索中的意义
Pub Date : 2024-07-28 DOI: 10.61707/wtv58260
Kalyani Wankhede, Amit Deshmukh
Researchers and designers have begun to devote more time and energy to studying urban escape scenarios because they know how important it is to comprehend the complex ways in which people perceive and interact with the built environment. Olfaction, the sense of scent, is an important part of this multimodal experience since it greatly influences how perceive and engage with the environment. The importance of smell is magnified in Asian urban settings since these places frequently offer a varied and varied sensory landscape, marked by a multitude of environmental, cultural, and gastronomic influences. Architects, urban planners, and legislators may develop more inclusive and responsive natural settings that cater to the multimodal demands of various people by understanding the function of olfactory perception in constructing the sensescape in these cities. 
研究人员和设计师已经开始投入更多的时间和精力来研究城市逃生场景,因为他们知道理解人们感知建筑环境并与之互动的复杂方式是多么重要。嗅觉,即气味的感觉,是这种多模态体验的重要组成部分,因为它在很大程度上影响着人们对环境的感知和参与。在亚洲的城市环境中,嗅觉的重要性被放大了,因为这些地方经常会提供多种多样的感官景观,其特点是受到环境、文化和美食的多重影响。建筑师、城市规划师和立法者可以通过了解嗅觉感知在构建城市感官景观中的功能,开发更具包容性和响应性的自然环境,以满足不同人群的多模式需求。
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引用次数: 0
Revolutionizing the Supply Chain: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Impact of Industry 4.0 on Supply Chain Management 彻底改变供应链:全面分析工业 4.0 对供应链管理的影响
Pub Date : 2024-07-28 DOI: 10.61707/2p0f3e58
Bandar Altubaishe, Sayeeduz Zafar Qazi, Pretty Bhalla
This research investigates the impact of Industry 4.0 technologies, namely robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), and cyber-physical systems, on supply chain management in manufacturing sector.The study employs a mixed-method approach, utilizing both primary and secondary data collection methods. A structured questionnaire is distributed among industry experts in the manufacturing sector. The data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software to derive research Industry 4.0 deployment significantly enhances data integrity within supply chain operations, particularly through the integration of IoT devices and sensors. Automation, a core tenet of Industry 4.0, reduces operational delays and bottlenecks, thus improving supply chain efficiency. Real-time data analytics empower supply chain managers to make agile decisions, aligning with Industry 4.0's objective of enhancing responsiveness. Furthermore, the study underscores the importance of balancing automation with human capital development to ensure seamless integration of technology and human expertise in supply chain operations.The findings underscore the strategic importance of prioritizing data integrity and human capital development in the context of Industry 4.0 adoption. The study emphasizes the need for robust security measures, collaborative platforms, and training programs to maximize the benefits of Industry 4.0 technologies in supply chain management.Businesses can leverage the insights from this study to strategically implement Industry 4.0 technologies, optimize supply chain operations, and enhance competitiveness. Moreover, policymakers can utilize these findings to formulate proactive policies addressing workforce transition, economic factors, and ethical considerations associated with Industry 4.0 adoption.This research contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the transformative impact of Industry 4.0 technologies on supply chain management, particularly in the context of developing economies like India. Additionally, the study highlights the interplay between automation, data integrity, and human capital development, offering a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and opportunities in adopting Industry 4.0 in supply chain operations. 
本研究调查了工业 4.0 技术,即机器人技术、物联网(IoT)和网络物理系统对制造业供应链管理的影响。研究采用了混合方法,同时利用了主要数据和辅助数据收集方法。研究采用了混合方法,利用第一手数据和第二手数据收集方法,向制造业的行业专家发放了结构化问卷。使用 SPSS 和 AMOS 软件对数据进行了分析,从而得出研究结果。工业 4.0 的部署极大地增强了供应链运营中的数据完整性,特别是通过整合物联网设备和传感器。自动化是工业 4.0 的核心原则,可减少运营延迟和瓶颈,从而提高供应链效率。实时数据分析使供应链经理能够做出敏捷决策,符合工业 4.0 提高响应速度的目标。此外,研究还强调了平衡自动化与人力资本发展的重要性,以确保供应链运营中技术与人力专长的无缝整合。研究结果突出表明,在采用工业 4.0 的背景下,优先考虑数据完整性和人力资本发展具有重要的战略意义。研究强调,要想在供应链管理中最大限度地发挥工业 4.0 技术的效益,就必须采取强有力的安全措施、建立协作平台并实施培训计划。企业可以利用本研究的见解,战略性地实施工业 4.0 技术、优化供应链运营并提高竞争力。此外,政策制定者可以利用这些研究结果制定积极的政策,解决与采用工业 4.0 相关的劳动力转型、经济因素和道德考虑等问题。本研究为现有文献做出了贡献,提供了工业 4.0 技术对供应链管理的变革性影响的实证证据,特别是在印度等发展中经济体的背景下。此外,本研究还强调了自动化、数据完整性和人力资本发展之间的相互作用,为在供应链运营中采用工业 4.0 所面临的挑战和机遇提供了全面的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Current State of Practitioners Delivering Social Work Services in Provincial Hospitals in Vietnam 越南省级医院从业人员提供社会工作服务的现状
Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.61707/tmrtxx24
Nguyen Thi Hoai An
Social work in health care is one of the most effective sectors in which hospital social workers operate in numerous nations. To guarantee effective social welfare services, providers depend on their capacity to create superior services tailored to each client group. These social workers enhance the quality and productivity of hospital service. In Vietnam, the depiction of hospital social workers at the provincial level has yet to be comprehensively documented in prior research. This study aims to clarify the existing circumstances of social work personnel at provincial hospitals across Vietnam and offer crucial recommendations to enhance the quality of human resources delivering social work services in hospitals. 
在许多国家,医疗卫生领域的社会工作是医院社会工作者开展工作最有效的部门之一。为了保证有效的社会福利服务,服务提供者依赖于他们为每个客户群体量身定制优质服务的能力。这些社工提高了医院服务的质量和效率。在越南,省级医院社工的情况尚未在以往的研究中得到全面记录。本研究旨在阐明越南省级医院社工人员的现状,并提出重要建议,以提高医院社工服务人力资源的质量。
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引用次数: 0
Trends of Changes in the Culture of Ethnic Minorities in Vietnam (A Case Study of the Bahnar People in Kon Tum Province) 越南少数民族文化的变化趋势(以 Kon Tum 省 Bahnar 人为例进行研究)
Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.61707/j3zgbs43
Khoa Ngoc Vo Nguyen
Changes have been observed in the traditional culture of Bahnar people in Kon Tum Province as an objective necessity for their existence and development in the current context. These changes bring about both positive and beneficial features as well as negative and degenerative ones, most notably the possibility of traditional cultural identity fading and becoming distorted. This study makes use of secondary data synthesis and analysis, as well as fieldwork and sociological surveys to collect information and look into three locations, namely Kon Tum City, Dak Ha District and Kon Ray District - where the Bahnar people is most prevalent in Kon Tum Province. How the traditional culture of Bahnar people in Kon Tum Province has changed is shown through the following significant patterns: Innovation; Conservation; Exchange and Integration. 
人们注意到,在当前背景下,康屯省巴纳尔人的传统文化发生了变化,这是他们生存和发展的客观需要。这些变化既有积极有益的一面,也有消极退化的一面,最明显的是传统文化特征可能会逐渐消失和扭曲。本研究利用二手资料的综合和分析,以及实地考察和社会学调查来收集信息,并对孔杜姆省巴纳尔人最普遍的三个地方,即孔杜姆市、达克哈县和孔雷县进行调查。孔杜姆省巴纳尔人的传统文化是如何发生变化的,这可以从以下重要模式中看出:创新、保护、交流和融合。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Religion
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