Agricultural and Forest Meteorology最新文献_第2页

Warming-induced changes in leaf phenology could amplify the effects of spring drought on tree seedlings 暖化引起的叶片物候变化可以放大春旱对树苗的影响

IF 5.7 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2026.111022

Miguel Muñoz-Mazón , Rupert Seidl

Droughts are not only becoming more frequent and intense but are also increasingly occurring at different times of the year. Seasonal shifts in water availability, including changes in early growing-season precipitation, could lead to more frequent spring droughts in temperate ecosystems. However, the ecological effects of warming combined with water shortages at the start of the vegetation period remain incompletely understood. We conducted a climate chamber experiment to examine how warming temperatures (current, + 2 °C and + 4 °C) and the timing of drought (spring vs. summer) interact to affect seedling survival and growth of four temperate tree species (Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Fagus sylvatica, Sorbus aria) with contrasting leaf habit (deciduous vs. evergreen) and drought tolerance (low vs. high).

Using high temporal resolution data from regional weather stations we simulated realistic seasonal changes in weather and drought conditions at the submontane-montane ecotone of the northern Alps. We found that spring drought impacted seedling survival more strongly than summer drought. Under warmer climate, these effects were potentially amplified via two pathways: (i) higher atmospheric water demand and (ii) shifts in phenology that, when not matched by shifts in drought timing, expose seedlings to drought during particularly vulnerable development stages. Our results highlight that warming-induced advances in leaf phenology may compound the effects of drought. The simultaneously reduced efficiency of species adaptations to drought under higher temperatures suggests that hotter droughts could increasingly challenge tree regeneration in temperate forest ecosystems in a warming world.

干旱不仅变得更加频繁和严重，而且越来越多地发生在一年中的不同时间。水分供应的季节性变化，包括生长季早期降水的变化，可能导致温带生态系统中更频繁的春季干旱。然而，在植被期开始时，气候变暖和水资源短缺对生态的影响仍不完全清楚。我们进行了一个气候室实验，研究了温度升高（当前，+ 2°C和+ 4°C）和干旱时间（春季与夏季）如何相互作用，影响四种温带树种（云杉，西尔松，Fagus sylvatica, Sorbus aria）的幼苗存活和生长，这些树种具有不同的叶片习性（落叶与常绿）和耐旱性（低与高）。利用区域气象站的高时间分辨率数据，我们模拟了阿尔卑斯山北部亚山地-山地过渡带的天气和干旱条件的真实季节变化。春季干旱对幼苗成活率的影响大于夏季干旱。在气候变暖的情况下，这些影响可能通过两种途径被放大：(i)更高的大气需水量；（ii）物候变化，如果与干旱时间的变化不匹配，将使幼苗在特别脆弱的发育阶段暴露于干旱。我们的研究结果强调，变暖引起的叶片物候变化可能会加剧干旱的影响。在高温下，物种适应干旱的效率同时降低，这表明，在一个变暖的世界里，更热的干旱可能会日益挑战温带森林生态系统中的树木再生。

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引用次数: 0

Projected shifts in climate and spring barley yields under future (CMIP6) scenarios across eight environmental zones in Europe 欧洲8个环境区未来（CMIP6）情景下的气候变化和春大麦产量预测

IF 5.7 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2026.111024

M. Köster , M. Appiah , M.P. Hoffmann , I. Abdulai , A.H. Schulman , A. Maurer , K. Pillen , M. Trnka , M.A. Semenov , R.P. Rötter

Breeding of climate-resilient barley cultivars requires knowledge about shifts in climate hazards and potential yield impacts. This Europe-wide study aims to provide such information by using the latest (CMIP6) climate scenarios (six Global Climate Models x two emission scenarios SSP1-2.6 & SSP5-8.5 x two time slices, 2050s and 2080s) for crop model-based yield projections and generation of agroclimatic indicators to characterize climate-induced hazards and likely impacts on spring barley production conditions across environments within Europe. The results from analyses of 19 different sites were aggregated over eight environmental zones across Europe. For all zones, we found elevated growing season temperatures, which were associated with increased likelihoods of heat hazards across most zones. Phenological development was consequently accelerated, resulting in yield penalties across most zones, with up to 31 % yield reduction in the Mediterranean south under high emission scenarios for the 2080s. Such simulated losses were found to be compensated by CO₂ fertilisation effects under high emission scenarios (at 868 ppm CO₂). However, the fertilization effect was not uniform across zones and might mask production losses that are related to an increased exposure to extreme growing conditions not captured by the crop model. Based on our results, it can be concluded that rainfed barley production in Europe will very likely face more climate-related hazards, especially related to heat. This emphasizes the need for designing adaptation strategies that combine climate-resilient crop cultivars tailored to evolving climatic hazard combinations with sustainable management practices that are adapted to local conditions.

培育适应气候变化的大麦品种需要了解气候灾害的变化和潜在的产量影响。这项全欧洲范围的研究旨在通过使用最新的（CMIP6）气候情景（六个全球气候模型x两个排放情景SSP1-2.6和SSP5-8.5 x两个时间片，2050年代和2080年代）提供这些信息，用于基于作物模型的产量预测和农业气候指标的生成，以表征气候引起的危害和对欧洲各地春大麦生产条件的可能影响。对欧洲8个环境区的19个不同地点的分析结果汇总在一起。对于所有区域，我们发现生长季节温度升高，这与大多数区域热危害的可能性增加有关。物候发育因此加速，导致大多数地区的产量减少，在20世纪80年代的高排放情景下，地中海南部的产量减少高达31%。研究发现，在高排放情景（二氧化碳浓度为868 ppm）下，这种模拟损失可由CO2施肥效应补偿。然而，施肥效果在不同区域并不均匀，可能掩盖了作物模型未捕捉到的与极端生长条件暴露增加有关的生产损失。根据我们的研究结果，可以得出结论，欧洲的雨养大麦生产很可能面临更多与气候有关的危害，特别是与高温有关的危害。这强调需要设计适应战略，将适应不断变化的气候灾害组合的气候适应型作物品种与适应当地条件的可持续管理实践相结合。

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引用次数: 0

Reduced precipitation and increased temperature alter soil greenhouse gas fluxes in a Mediterranean forest 降水减少和温度升高改变了地中海森林的土壤温室气体通量

IF 5.7 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110994

Elena Villa-Sanabria , Alexandra Rodríguez , Antonio Gallardo , David Fangueiro , Lorena Gómez-Aparicio , Jorge Durán

Forest soils play a fundamental role in global climate regulation, generally acting as sources of CO₂ and N₂O, while serving as significant sinks for CH₄. Climate change may alter these greenhouse gas (GHG) budgets, particularly in Mediterranean forests, which are highly sensitive to changes in precipitation and temperature. Despite this vulnerability, experimental evidence on the combined effects of reduced precipitation and warming on GHG fluxes in these ecosystems remains limited. Using a manipulative experiment, we analyzed the isolated and combined short-term effects of reduced precipitation (∼30 % rainfall exclusion) and soil warming (∼0.5 °C increase) on soil GHG fluxes over two years in a Mediterranean forest in southern Spain. Rainfall exclusion led to an approximately 50 % decreased in soil CO₂ emissions and CH₄ uptake, whereas soil warming resulted in an approximately 10 % increase in both fluxes. In contrast, N₂O fluxes remained minimal and largely unresponsive to climatic treatments. Our results underscore the importance of rainfall exclusion as a regulator of GHG fluxes in these systems. Soil texture emerged as a key modulator of the impact of rainfall exclusion on net soil CH₄ uptake, with sandy soils being particularly vulnerable to losing their methane mitigation potential under drier conditions. Overall, our study reveals different patterns of interaction among reduced precipitation, warming and soil texture for the three GHG fluxes, posing challenges to predicting the future role of Mediterranean forests in the global GHG budget. Continued research is urgently needed to better understand how these interactions will shape the climate mitigation potential of water-limited ecosystems under future environmental scenarios.

森林土壤在全球气候调节中发挥着基础作用，通常作为CO2和N2O的来源，同时作为CH4的重要汇。气候变化可能会改变这些温室气体（GHG）收支，特别是对降水和温度变化高度敏感的地中海森林。尽管存在这种脆弱性，但关于降水减少和变暖对这些生态系统中温室气体通量的综合影响的实验证据仍然有限。通过操纵实验，我们分析了西班牙南部地中海森林两年内降水减少（~ 30%降雨排除）和土壤变暖（~ 0.5°C升高）对土壤温室气体通量的单独和联合短期影响。降雨排除导致土壤CO2排放量和CH4吸收量减少约50%，而土壤变暖导致这两种通量增加约10%。相比之下，N₂O通量仍然很小，并且对气候处理基本上没有反应。我们的研究结果强调了降雨排除作为这些系统中温室气体通量调节器的重要性。土壤质地是降雨排除对土壤净CH4吸收影响的关键调节因子，在干燥条件下，沙质土壤特别容易失去其甲烷减缓潜力。总体而言，我们的研究揭示了降水减少、变暖和土壤质地对三种温室气体通量的不同相互作用模式，这对预测地中海森林在全球温室气体收支中的未来作用提出了挑战。迫切需要继续研究，以更好地了解在未来环境情景下，这些相互作用将如何影响水资源有限的生态系统减缓气候变化的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Grazing influences salt marsh greenhouse gas balance mediated by plant-specific methane emissions 放牧影响植物甲烷排放介导的盐沼温室气体平衡

IF 5.7 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.111001

Dan Yang , Asger Buur Jensen , Zheng Gong , Linjing Ren , Brian K. Sorrell , Franziska Eller , Hans Brix

Salt marshes with high photosynthetic capacity play a crucial role in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) uptake, yet their climate benefit can be diminished by simultaneous methane (CH₄) emissions. Knowledge of the mechanisms underlying CH₄ emissions and their impact on the net greenhouse gas (GHG) balance remains limited, particularly in marine-terrestrial gradient salt marshes under grazing management. Here, we quantified the CO₂ and CH₄ fluxes over a growing season across grazed and ungrazed communities dominated by Spartina anglica and Schoenoplectus maritimus in the low and middle marshes, as well as a grazed Phragmites australis-dominated community in the high marsh. Our results indicated that all communities functioned as net carbon sinks during the growing season, with a stronger carbon sequestration capacity observed in ungrazed communities. The grazed Phragmites-dominated community had high CH₄ emissions of 23.6 mg m^-2 h^-1, 21-fold greater than the combined CH₄ emissions from the other four communities, resulting in a net warming effect, in contrast to the net cooling effects of the ungrazed communities. Photosynthetic and respiratory CO₂ exchange were primarily driven by air temperature, whereas CH₄ emissions were predominantly controlled by plant species. Given the high CH₄ emissions from grazed Phragmites communities and the observed pattern of enhanced respiration and reduced photosynthesis under grazing, implementing targeted grazing management is crucial to restoring their net climate mitigation potential.

具有高光合能力的盐沼在大气二氧化碳（CO2）吸收中起着至关重要的作用，但它们的气候效益可能被同时排放的甲烷（CH4）所削弱。关于CH4排放机制及其对温室气体净平衡影响的知识仍然有限，特别是在放牧管理下的海陆梯度盐沼。在此基础上，我们量化了低、中沼泽以米草属和海桐属为主的放牧群落和未放牧群落，以及高沼泽以芦苇为主的放牧群落的生长季CO2和CH4通量。结果表明，所有群落在生长季均具有净碳汇功能，其中未放牧群落的固碳能力更强。放牧芦苇群落的CH4排放量高达23.6 mg m-2 h-1，是其他4个群落CH4总排放量的21倍，呈现净增温效应，而未放牧群落则呈现净降温效应。光合和呼吸CO2交换主要受气温驱动，而CH4排放主要受植物物种控制。考虑到放牧芦苇群落的高CH4排放以及放牧条件下观察到的呼吸增强和光合作用减少的模式，实施有针对性的放牧管理对恢复其净气候减缓潜力至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Optimal daily time windows for measuring fluxes of soil methane and nitrous oxide in subalpine forests are elusive - unlike for carbon dioxide 与测量二氧化碳不同，测量亚高山森林中土壤甲烷和一氧化二氮通量的最佳每日时间窗难以捉摸

IF 5.7 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2026.111026

Yuanrui Peng , Tao Wang , Ruiying Chang

Determining the optimal measurement timing for soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is essential for improving the accuracy of GHG budgets and deepening understanding of underlying biogeochemical mechanisms. However, due to a lack of high-temporal-resolution and continuous data, the optimal measurement timing of CH₄ and N₂O emissions remains poorly understood—especially compared to the extensively studied CO₂. Based on high-temporal-resolution and continuous in-situ observations, we found clear differences in the optimal measurement windows among CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O. The optimal timing for capturing daily mean CO₂ fluxes was relatively stable across seasons (around 09:00–11:00), whereas no well-defined optimal daily measurement windows could be identified for CH₄ and N₂O. Instead, their fluxes exhibited highly variable and irregular temporal patterns. Importantly, applying the CO₂-based timing to estimate N₂O fluxes resulted in a substantial underestimation (up to 24%), underscoring the risk of using uniform measurement strategies for different gases. This study reveals that the applicability of optimal daily time windows differs strongly among CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O and across seasons, offering key insights for improving flux estimates.

确定土壤温室气体（GHG）排放的最佳测量时间对于提高温室气体预算的准确性和加深对潜在生物地球化学机制的理解至关重要。然而，由于缺乏高时间分辨率和连续的数据，与广泛研究的CO₂相比，对CH₄和N₂O排放的最佳测量时间仍然知之甚少。基于高时间分辨率和连续的原位观测，我们发现CO₂、CH₄和N₂O在最佳测量窗口上存在明显差异。捕获日平均CO₂通量的最佳时间在不同季节相对稳定（约为09:00-11:00），而对于CH₄和N₂O，没有明确的最佳日测量窗口。相反，它们的通量表现出高度可变和不规则的时间模式。重要的是，应用基于CO₂的时间来估计N₂通量导致严重低估（高达24%），强调了对不同气体使用统一测量策略的风险。该研究表明，最佳日时间窗的适用性在CO₂，CH₄和N₂O之间以及不同季节之间存在很大差异，为改进通量估算提供了关键见解。

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引用次数: 0

Thinning enhances hydraulic safety but not growth resistance to drought in Atlas cedar on the long-term 从长期来看，疏林提高了阿特拉斯雪松的水力安全性，但不利于其抗旱性

IF 5.7 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2026.111019

Léa Veuillen , Guillaume Simioni , Miquel De Cáceres , Eric Badel , Simon D. Carrière , Hervé Cochard , François Courbet , Claude Doussan , Arsène Druel , Jean Ladier , Bernard Prévosto , Kevyn Raynal , Nicolas Martin-StPaul

Reducing forest stand density through thinning has the potential to improve tree vigor and mitigate hydraulic risk as it reduces competition for water, thereby improving soil water availability at the tree level. However, these positive effects might be compensated over time by the growth of the remaining trees and understory, an aspect that remains understudied. We investigated the long-term effects of thinning on vegetation regrowth, growth resistance to drought and hydraulic risk in a 1968 Cedrus atlantica plantation in southeastern France where contrasting thinning intensities were applied in 1992, resulting in stand densities of 1200 (unthinned control), 800, 600 and 400 trees.ha^-1. Field measurements were conducted in 2017, 25 years after thinning, during the most severe drought since the trial’s establishment. To explore underlying mechanisms, they were complemented by a modeling test using SurEau within the cohort-based model MEDFATE.

Our results show that 25 years after thinning, despite similar stand leaf area index across all thinning treatments, trees in thinned stands exhibited significantly higher growth and reduced hydraulic risk (i.e., higher water potential, wider hydraulic safety margins, lower native embolism) than in the unthinned control. Model simulations suggest that this long-term reduction of hydraulic risk by thinning may result from niche partitioning between the overstory and the understory, either spatially (due to differences in rooting depth) or temporally (due to differences in ecophysiological properties). Interestingly, growth resistance to drought did not differ significantly among thinning treatments. Our results emphasize the potential long-lasting role of thinning in reducing hydraulic risk despite vegetation regrowth. Moreover, this study shows that ecophysiological indicators provide a more accurate understanding of tree drought responses during a specific drought event than the commonly used growth-based indicators.

通过间伐减少林分密度有可能提高树木活力和减轻水力风险，因为它减少了对水的竞争，从而提高了树木水平的土壤水分有效性。然而，随着时间的推移，这些积极的影响可能会被剩余的树木和林下植被的生长所补偿，这方面的研究仍未充分。我们研究了疏伐对法国东南部1968年大西洋杉木人工林植被再生、抗旱性和水力风险的长期影响。1992年，该人工林采用不同的疏伐强度，林分密度分别为1200棵（未疏伐对照）、800棵、600棵和400棵。在试验建立以来最严重的干旱期间，在2017年进行了现场测量，即减薄25年后。为了探索潜在的机制，在基于队列的MEDFATE模型中使用SurEau进行建模检验。

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引用次数: 0

Comprehensive review of detrending methods for crop yields: Approaches, applications, and future directions 作物产量趋势分析方法综述：方法、应用和未来发展方向

IF 5.7 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2026.111017

Yanbo He, Xianglong Chen, Haijun Li, Xuan Li, Shaojie Sun, Menxin Wu

Against the backdrop of the severe challenges posed by global climate change and food insecurity, accurate yield forecasting is critically important for agricultural risk management, policymaking, and resource allocation. Crop yields result from the combined effects of meteorological conditions and advances in agricultural technology. A key scientific challenge in yield forecasting is accurately distinguishing short-term yield fluctuations caused by weather variability from long-term trends driven by technological progress. This separation is essential for producing reliable datasets that support the analysis of yield variability and predictive modeling. For decades, the detrending of crop yields has been a central focus in fields such as agricultural meteorology and crop science. This paper systematically reviews the development of detrending techniques in yield forecasting over the past six decades, from traditional linear and polynomial methods to advanced machine learning algorithms and multi-model integration approaches in recent years. It thoroughly examines the theoretical foundations, advantages and limitations, application scenarios, performance variations, and empirical outcomes of different detrending methods. The analysis reveals that the choice of method can significantly influence research outcomes, with important implications for climate change impact assessments, agricultural policymaking, crop yield forecasting, and food security planning. Furthermore, the paper highlights current research hotspots and challenges while outlining future directions and development trends in the field. This paper offers a systematic perspective on understanding the evolving trends in crop yields and proposes that future research should focus on adaptive and dynamic detrending algorithms, uncertainty quantification, integration of external variables, standardization of methods, and the use of big data resources. This comprehensive assessment provides both methodological guidance for researchers and a strategic roadmap for advancing the study of detrending techniques in agricultural yield analysis.

在全球气候变化和粮食不安全带来严峻挑战的背景下，准确的产量预测对农业风险管理、政策制定和资源配置至关重要。农作物产量是气象条件和农业技术进步共同作用的结果。产量预测的一个关键科学挑战是准确区分由天气变化引起的短期产量波动和由技术进步驱动的长期趋势。这种分离对于生成支持产量变异性分析和预测建模的可靠数据集至关重要。几十年来，作物产量趋势一直是农业气象学和作物科学等领域的中心焦点。本文系统回顾了过去六十年来产量预测中去趋势技术的发展，从传统的线性和多项式方法到近年来先进的机器学习算法和多模型集成方法。全面考察了不同趋势方法的理论基础、优势和局限性、应用场景、性能变化和实证结果。分析表明，方法的选择可以显著影响研究成果，对气候变化影响评估、农业政策制定、作物产量预测和粮食安全规划具有重要意义。此外，本文还强调了当前的研究热点和挑战，并概述了该领域的未来方向和发展趋势。本文从系统的角度理解了作物产量的演变趋势，并提出未来的研究应侧重于自适应和动态去趋势算法、不确定性量化、外部变量的整合、方法的标准化以及大数据资源的利用。这一综合评估既为研究人员提供了方法论指导，也为推进农业产量分析中趋势化技术的研究提供了战略路线图。

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引用次数: 0

Satellite derived product benchmarking and empirical model development for estimating photosynthetically active radiation at high latitudes 估算高纬度地区光合有效辐射的卫星衍生产品基准和经验模型开发

IF 5.7 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.111014

Sebastian Zainali , Silvia Ma Lu , Tomas Landelius , Pietro Elia Campana

Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) is a critical parameter for understanding plant growth and optimising agricultural productivity. Accurate estimation and measurement of PAR are essential for various applications, including the design of agrivoltaic systems, which enable dual use of land for solar energy conversion and crop cultivation. Despite its importance, routine measurements of PAR remain scarce globally, creating a significant gap in comprehensive tracking. This study addresses this gap by comparing PAR estimates derived from satellite sources such as CERES and SARAH-3 and the mesoscale model STRÅNG with weather station measurements. In addition, a multiple linear regression model was developed and calibrated for Sweden using data from the Integrated Carbon Observation System network. Seasonal and hourly variations in the PAR to Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI) ratio were also analysed to understand their dynamic changes over time. The findings indicate that linear models using GHI as the primary predictor for PAR demonstrated high accuracy, with normalised Mean Absolute Error below 8% at all stations, with values such as 4% at Degerö and 3.2% at Norunda. Seasonal variability in the PAR to GHI ratio was observed, particularly during winter months at higher latitudes, where the ratio fluctuated between 0.39 and 0.42 at Degerö. In contrast, the summer period showed minimal variation, with the PAR/GHI ratio remaining stable across locations. Moreover, the spatial regression model, which combined data from different stations, successfully predicted PAR at new sites such as Norunda, achieving an R² of 0.98 to 0.99. Model residuals were within the typical uncertainty of PAR sensors (±5%), confirming remaining deviations are dominated by measurement error rather than modelling uncertainty. This demonstrates the model’s applicability across Sweden, providing a robust and versatile tool for estimating PAR in areas lacking measurements. The linear model reduces the need for extensive PAR measurement campaigns.

光合有效辐射（PAR）是了解植物生长和优化农业生产力的关键参数。PAR的准确估计和测量对于各种应用至关重要，包括农业光伏系统的设计，它可以将土地用于太阳能转换和作物种植。尽管PAR很重要，但全球对PAR的常规测量仍然很少，在全面跟踪方面造成了重大差距。本研究通过比较来自CERES和SARAH-3等卫星来源以及中尺度模式STRÅNG的PAR估计值与气象站测量值来解决这一差距。此外，利用综合碳观测系统网络的数据，开发并校准了瑞典的多元线性回归模型。还分析了PAR与全球水平辐照度（GHI）比值的季节和小时变化，以了解它们随时间的动态变化。研究结果表明，使用GHI作为PAR的主要预测因子的线性模型具有很高的准确性，所有站点的归一化平均绝对误差低于8%，例如Degerö的值为4%，Norunda的值为3.2%。观测到PAR与GHI比值的季节变化，特别是在高纬度地区的冬季月份，该比值在Degerö处在0.39至0.42之间波动。相比之下，夏季变化最小，PAR/GHI比值在各地点保持稳定。此外，结合不同站点数据的空间回归模型成功地预测了Norunda等新站点的PAR， R²为0.98 ~ 0.99。模型残差在PAR传感器的典型不确定度（±5%）内，证实剩余偏差主要是由测量误差而不是建模不确定度决定的。这证明了该模型在整个瑞典的适用性，为缺乏测量的地区估计PAR提供了一个强大而通用的工具。线性模型减少了广泛的PAR测量活动的需要。

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引用次数: 0

IF 5.7 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110989

Khaled Ghannam

引用次数: 0

Elevation-dependent responses of xylem lumen traits to competition–climate interactions in temperate forests 温带森林木质部管腔性状对竞争-气候相互作用的海拔依赖性响应

IF 5.7 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.111011

Xiaojia Yuan , Chen Xu , Jingsong Zhang , Xue Wang , Jinglei Liao , Mingchao Du , Xianliang Zhang

Lumen traits (area and number) are critical for forest carbon sequestration and hydraulic function, yet their responses to climate and intraspecific competition (CI) along elevational gradients remain unclear. We analyzed lumen and stand inventory data from 39 Larix principis-rupprechtii trees across six plots in North China to evaluate the combined effects of climate and CI on earlywood and latewood formation.

At high elevations, earlywood lumen area represented 50–51 % of total lumen area and nearly 85 % of annual ring area. These earlywood lumens showed strong negative correlations with minimum temperature (Tmin), precipitation (PRE), and the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), indicating that their formation is constrained by both temperature and drought stress. At low elevations, the proportion of earlywood lumens declined to 48–49 %, and their climatic sensitivities weakened, with positive effects of maximum temperature (Tmax) primarily expressed in latewood traits. Increasing competition at high elevations reduced earlywood area in response to Tmax, while at low elevations it strengthened correlations of PDSI, PRE, Tmax, and mean temperature (Tmean) with latewood traits, and enhanced Tmin effects on earlywood structure. Extreme lumen traits exhibited clear climate–competition interactions: at high elevations, Tmin and Tmean promoted large earlywood lumens under stronger competition; at low elevations, competition amplified positive responses of small earlywood lumens to PDSI, PRE, Tmean, and Tmax, and increased Tmin sensitivity of large latewood lumens. Overall, earlywood formation is temperature-limited at high elevations, whereas latewood growth at low elevations is jointly regulated by temperature, drought, and competition. These findings clarify the regulatory role of climate–competition interactions in shaping xylem traits, thereby improving our understanding of forest adaptation under climate change.

管腔特征（面积和数量）对森林固碳和水力功能至关重要，但它们对气候和沿海拔梯度的种内竞争（CI）的响应尚不清楚。本文分析了华北地区6个样地39棵华北落叶松的管腔和林分清查数据，以评估气候和CI对早期和晚期木材形成的综合影响。在高海拔地区，早期腔面积占总腔面积的50 - 51%，占年轮面积的近85%。这些早叶流明与最低温度（Tmin）、降水（PRE）和Palmer干旱严重指数（PDSI）呈显著负相关，表明它们的形成同时受到温度和干旱胁迫的约束。在低海拔地区，早木流明的比例下降到48 ~ 49%，其气候敏感性减弱，最高温度（Tmax）的积极影响主要表现在晚木性状上。在高海拔地区，竞争加剧会减少早木面积对Tmax的响应，而在低海拔地区，竞争加剧会增强PDSI、PRE、Tmax和平均温度（Tmean）与晚木性状的相关性，并增强Tmin对早木结构的影响。极端管腔性状表现出明显的气候竞争相互作用：在高海拔地区，Tmin和Tmean在更强的竞争下促进了大的早期管腔；在低海拔条件下，竞争放大了小的早期木材管腔对PDSI、PRE、Tmean和Tmax的正响应，增加了大的晚期木材管腔对Tmin的敏感性。总体而言，在高海拔地区，早木的形成受温度限制，而在低海拔地区，晚木的生长受温度、干旱和竞争的共同调节。这些发现阐明了气候竞争相互作用在木质部性状形成中的调节作用，从而提高了我们对气候变化下森林适应的认识。

{"title":"Elevation-dependent responses of xylem lumen traits to competition–climate interactions in temperate forests","authors":"Xiaojia Yuan , Chen Xu , Jingsong Zhang , Xue Wang , Jinglei Liao , Mingchao Du , Xianliang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.111011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.111011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lumen traits (area and number) are critical for forest carbon sequestration and hydraulic function, yet their responses to climate and intraspecific competition (CI) along elevational gradients remain unclear. We analyzed lumen and stand inventory data from 39 <em>Larix principis-rupprechtii</em> trees across six plots in North China to evaluate the combined effects of climate and CI on earlywood and latewood formation.</div><div>At high elevations, earlywood lumen area represented 50–51 % of total lumen area and nearly 85 % of annual ring area. These earlywood lumens showed strong negative correlations with minimum temperature (Tmin), precipitation (PRE), and the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), indicating that their formation is constrained by both temperature and drought stress. At low elevations, the proportion of earlywood lumens declined to 48–49 %, and their climatic sensitivities weakened, with positive effects of maximum temperature (Tmax) primarily expressed in latewood traits. Increasing competition at high elevations reduced earlywood area in response to Tmax, while at low elevations it strengthened correlations of PDSI, PRE, Tmax, and mean temperature (Tmean) with latewood traits, and enhanced Tmin effects on earlywood structure. Extreme lumen traits exhibited clear climate–competition interactions: at high elevations, Tmin and Tmean promoted large earlywood lumens under stronger competition; at low elevations, competition amplified positive responses of small earlywood lumens to PDSI, PRE, Tmean, and Tmax, and increased Tmin sensitivity of large latewood lumens. Overall, earlywood formation is temperature-limited at high elevations, whereas latewood growth at low elevations is jointly regulated by temperature, drought, and competition. These findings clarify the regulatory role of climate–competition interactions in shaping xylem traits, thereby improving our understanding of forest adaptation under climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"378 ","pages":"Article 111011"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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