Agricultural and Forest Meteorology最新文献_第3页

Dynamics of nonstructural carbohydrates during drought and subsequent recovery: A global meta-analysis

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110429

Zhaoguo Wang , Chuankuan Wang

The role of carbon starvation in drought-induced plant mortality remains a topic of debate. This underscores the need for a comprehensive understanding of the regulation of non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) during drought and subsequent recovery. To this end, we compiled 226 articles and conducted a meta-analysis to examine the responses of NSCs to drought and rewatering, as well as the influences of plant functional type, drought magnitude, duration and climate variables. Overall, drought primarily reduced NSC concentrations in leaves, with negligible impacts on stems and roots. While starch concentrations declined, soluble sugar concentrations, including fructose and glucose, increased. Leaf NSC concentration returned to control levels after rewatering, whereas reductions in NSC concentrations in stems and roots were observed in the post-drought period. Herbaceous plants exhibited greater changes in leaf and root soluble sugar concentrations compared to woody plants. Gymnosperms experienced more significant root NSC reductions than angiosperms. Unlike deciduous angiosperms, evergreen angiosperms showed decreases in stem and root NSC concentrations during drought. Starch concentrations in mature woody plants remained relatively stable during drought, whereas they decreased in seedlings and saplings. The negative effects of drought on stem and root starch concentrations diminished with prolonged drought. Increases in soluble sugar concentrations in leaves were more pronounced in drier environments. These findings highlight the complex dynamics of NSCs during drought and subsequent recovery, emphasizing the need to consider plant functional types, drought characteristics, and climatic conditions when assessing the role of carbon starvation in drought-induced plant mortality.

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引用次数: 0

Winter leaf reddening and photoprotection accessed by vegetation indices and its influence on canopy light-use efficiency of a Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) forest

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110427

Siyu Chen , Yoshiko Kosugi , Linjie Jiao , Ayaka Sakabe , Daniel Epron , Tatsuro Nakaji , Hibiki Noda , Kouki Hikosaka , Kenlo Nishida Nasahara

Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa Sieb. et Zucc.) is an evergreen conifer native to Japan and widely distributed in East Asia. Evergreen forests in temperate regions are usually exposed to high solar radiation and low temperatures during winter, a combination of stresses that can negatively impact leaf photosynthetic capacity. In response to excessive light energy stress under cold temperatures, Japanese cypress canopies exhibit a reversible color change associated with several photoprotective mechanisms known as “winter leaf reddening.” Here, several vegetation indices (VIs), including the photochemical reflectance index (PRI), rhodoxanthin index (RI), chlorophyll/carotenoid ratio index (CCI), triangular PRI index (tri-PRI), and red-green vegetation index (RGVI) were utilized to track the influence of winter leaf reddening and photoprotection on canopy-scale light-use efficiency (LUE) determined by the eddy covariance technique. Seasonal changes in VIs, environmental factors, and LUE in Japanese cypress canopies between 2017 and 2021 indicated that VIs could detect the phenology and LUE changes during winter leaf reddening. Our results suggest that winter leaf reddening occurrence is driven by prolonged low temperatures, and accompanied by dynamic xanthophyll cycle suppression, rhodoxanthin accumulation, and LUE reduction. Once stressful conditions are released, rhodoxanthin quickly decomposes and the remaining xanthophyll pigment may lead the canopy reddish-brown to persist longer. The integration of remote sensing and eddy covariance methods facilitates the validation of traditional results observed at the leaf scale within the context of the canopy scale, offering insights into how vegetation adjusts photosynthesis in response to environment stress.

{"title":"Winter leaf reddening and photoprotection accessed by vegetation indices and its influence on canopy light-use efficiency of a Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) forest","authors":"Siyu Chen , Yoshiko Kosugi , Linjie Jiao , Ayaka Sakabe , Daniel Epron , Tatsuro Nakaji , Hibiki Noda , Kouki Hikosaka , Kenlo Nishida Nasahara","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Japanese cypress (<em>Chamaecyparis obtusa</em> Sieb<em>.</em> et Zucc.) is an evergreen conifer native to Japan and widely distributed in East Asia. Evergreen forests in temperate regions are usually exposed to high solar radiation and low temperatures during winter, a combination of stresses that can negatively impact leaf photosynthetic capacity. In response to excessive light energy stress under cold temperatures, Japanese cypress canopies exhibit a reversible color change associated with several photoprotective mechanisms known as “winter leaf reddening.” Here, several vegetation indices (VIs), including the photochemical reflectance index (PRI), rhodoxanthin index (RI), chlorophyll/carotenoid ratio index (CCI), triangular PRI index (tri-PRI), and red-green vegetation index (RGVI) were utilized to track the influence of winter leaf reddening and photoprotection on canopy-scale light-use efficiency (LUE) determined by the eddy covariance technique. Seasonal changes in VIs, environmental factors, and LUE in Japanese cypress canopies between 2017 and 2021 indicated that VIs could detect the phenology and LUE changes during winter leaf reddening. Our results suggest that winter leaf reddening occurrence is driven by prolonged low temperatures, and accompanied by dynamic xanthophyll cycle suppression, rhodoxanthin accumulation, and LUE reduction. Once stressful conditions are released, rhodoxanthin quickly decomposes and the remaining xanthophyll pigment may lead the canopy reddish-brown to persist longer. The integration of remote sensing and eddy covariance methods facilitates the validation of traditional results observed at the leaf scale within the context of the canopy scale, offering insights into how vegetation adjusts photosynthesis in response to environment stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 110427"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143071578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

3D structural complexity of forest stands is determined by the magnitude of inner and outer crown structural attributes of individual trees

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110424

Alexandra Koller , Matthias Kunz , Maria D. Perles-Garcia , Goddert von Oheimb

Stand structural complexity influences various forest ecosystem functions, such as carbon storage or productivity. However, defining and measuring stand structural complexity is not trivial, as different structural attributes can be used to describe stand structure. We focus on a terrestrial laser scan-based stand structural complexity index (SSCI) and its components, mean fractal dimension (MeanFrac) and effective number of layers (ENL). These indices are now widely used, but there is still a lack of understanding of what exactly constitutes them. In this study, we analysed which structural attributes of individual trees determine these indices at which spatial scale. For our analysis, we used a high-resolution terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) dataset consisting of 11 structural attributes of over 1300 individual trees from 30 study plots of a young tree experiment in subtropical China. Our results show that averaged values of structural attributes of individual trees outperform values describing variation. Therefore, we suggest that SSCI, MeanFrac, and ENL depend on the magnitude rather than the variation of structural attributes among trees in a stand. We also found that SSCI is mainly determined by inner, i.e. branching intensity and branch number, and outer crown structure, i.e. crown compactness. MeanFrac is best described by branching intensity. Thus, a higher canopy space filling, i.e. higher density, leads to a higher stand structural complexity. Tree height and diameter at breast height are the main determinants of ENL. For the spatial scales we selected, only MeanFrac proved to be sensitive. The path analysis showed that different structural attributes (branching intensity vs. tree height) promote different aspects of stand structural complexity (horizontal vs. vertical), providing a variety of management options to increase stand structural complexity. Our results show that to better understand stand structural complexity, it is essential to include crown structural attributes in the assessment of stand structure.

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引用次数: 0

The ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration dominates ecosystem water use efficiency response to drought

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110423

Shanshan Yang , Jiahua Zhang , Jiaqi Han , Yun Bai , Lan Xun , Sha Zhang , Dan Cao , Jingwen Wang

Water use efficiency (WUE) is an important metric for quantifying the trade-off between ecosystem photosynthesis and transpiration, which can reflect how ecosystems respond to extreme climate events (e.g., drought). However, due to the different definitions of WUE indices and the complexity of drought with different dimensions, the responses of ecosystem WUE to drought still remain debated. Here, we use global flux observations to comprehensively examine whether different WUE indices (i.e., WUE_T=GPP/T, WUE_ET=GPP/ET, and uWUE= GPP*VPD^0.5/ET) have consistent responses to drought and how their responses are affected by drought intensity, duration and timing. The results show that WUE_T decreases, WUE_ET changes inapparently in direction of positive or negative, and uWUE increases during drought, although they have the same component GPP/T. The drought responses of ecosystem WUEs are significantly and nonlinearly influenced by drought intensity and duration, but insignificantly by drought timing. Increase in drought intensity leads to a higher reduction in WUE_T but greater increase in WUE_ET and uWUE. Short-term (< 2 months) and long-term droughts (> 6 months) have similar negative effects on WUE_T and WUE_ET, while medium to long-term droughts exert great positive impact on uWUE. The influences of drought intensity and duration are varied with drought timing. Further driver analyses reveal the unchanged GPP and increased T jointly lead to the decline in WUE_T during drought. Meanwhile, drought-driven rises in T/ET and VPD offset the reduced GPP/T, resulting in the inapparent change of WUE_ET and increase of uWUE, respectively. Overall, WUE_T response to drought is determined by T, while both WUE_ET and uWUE are controlled by T/ET. Our study highlights the necessary of disentangling the drought responses of different WUE indices with considering different drought dimensions, and investigating the T/ET variability during drought will provide deeper physiological understanding of ecosystem carbon-water coupling during drought.

{"title":"The ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration dominates ecosystem water use efficiency response to drought","authors":"Shanshan Yang , Jiahua Zhang , Jiaqi Han , Yun Bai , Lan Xun , Sha Zhang , Dan Cao , Jingwen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water use efficiency (WUE) is an important metric for quantifying the trade-off between ecosystem photosynthesis and transpiration, which can reflect how ecosystems respond to extreme climate events (e.g., drought). However, due to the different definitions of WUE indices and the complexity of drought with different dimensions, the responses of ecosystem WUE to drought still remain debated. Here, we use global flux observations to comprehensively examine whether different WUE indices (i.e., WUE<sub>T</sub>=GPP/T, WUE<sub>ET</sub>=GPP/ET, and uWUE= GPP*VPD<sup>0.5</sup>/ET) have consistent responses to drought and how their responses are affected by drought intensity, duration and timing. The results show that WUE<sub>T</sub> decreases, WUE<sub>ET</sub> changes inapparently in direction of positive or negative, and uWUE increases during drought, although they have the same component GPP/T. The drought responses of ecosystem WUEs are significantly and nonlinearly influenced by drought intensity and duration, but insignificantly by drought timing. Increase in drought intensity leads to a higher reduction in WUE<sub>T</sub> but greater increase in WUE<sub>ET</sub> and uWUE. Short-term (< 2 months) and long-term droughts (> 6 months) have similar negative effects on WUE<sub>T</sub> and WUE<sub>ET</sub>, while medium to long-term droughts exert great positive impact on uWUE. The influences of drought intensity and duration are varied with drought timing. Further driver analyses reveal the unchanged GPP and increased T jointly lead to the decline in WUE<sub>T</sub> during drought. Meanwhile, drought-driven rises in T/ET and VPD offset the reduced GPP/T, resulting in the inapparent change of WUE<sub>ET</sub> and increase of uWUE, respectively. Overall, WUE<sub>T</sub> response to drought is determined by T, while both WUE<sub>ET</sub> and uWUE are controlled by T/ET. Our study highlights the necessary of disentangling the drought responses of different WUE indices with considering different drought dimensions, and investigating the T/ET variability during drought will provide deeper physiological understanding of ecosystem carbon-water coupling during drought.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 110423"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143056796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seasonal patterns and hydrological regulations of root zone storage capacity across United States

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110428

Shuping Du , Shanhu Jiang , Liliang Ren , Yongwei Zhu , Hao Cui , Miao He , Chong-Yu Xu

Root zone storage capacity (S_r) represents the maximum subsurface storage accessible to plant roots. It is primarily influenced by water availability and water demand, thus exhibiting temporal change in response to climate variations. Previous studies have primarily focused on the spatial patterns of S_r across local to global scales; however, there remains a limited understanding of its temporal patterns, particularly in relation to seasonal changes. This work explores the seasonal behavior of S_r for wet and dry seasons and the hydrological regulation of seasonal S_r. We propose a seasonal modeling framework based on apportionment entropy, which considers the phase difference between water and energy. Within this framework, the PDM-FLEX hydrological model, an integration of the probability distributed model (PDM) with the FLEX lumped model, was employed to calculate catchment-scale S_r for each season across 671 catchments in the contiguous United States. Results show that: i) this framework can effectively capture seasonal S_r, with wet season S_r (an average of 564 mm) generally being smaller than dry season S_r (an average of 820 mm) for most catchments. In the west, plants routinely access deep water, leading to comparable S_r for both wet and dry seasons. Incorporating seasonal S_r into the hydrological model can improve simulation performance across time scales; ii) dry season S_r is more responsive to hydroclimatic control compared to wet season S_r, as plants in arid climates are more sensitive to water accessibility; and iii) during the wet season, low S_r relative to precipitation leads to an unresponsive hydrological reaction. However, during the dry season, a routine correlation between S_r and precipitation produces responsive hydrological behavior. These findings indicate that plants seasonally adapt their root systems and that these seasonal variations in S_r would have significant hydrological implications.

{"title":"Seasonal patterns and hydrological regulations of root zone storage capacity across United States","authors":"Shuping Du , Shanhu Jiang , Liliang Ren , Yongwei Zhu , Hao Cui , Miao He , Chong-Yu Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Root zone storage capacity (S<sub>r</sub>) represents the maximum subsurface storage accessible to plant roots. It is primarily influenced by water availability and water demand, thus exhibiting temporal change in response to climate variations. Previous studies have primarily focused on the spatial patterns of S<sub>r</sub> across local to global scales; however, there remains a limited understanding of its temporal patterns, particularly in relation to seasonal changes. This work explores the seasonal behavior of S<sub>r</sub> for wet and dry seasons and the hydrological regulation of seasonal S<sub>r</sub>. We propose a seasonal modeling framework based on apportionment entropy, which considers the phase difference between water and energy. Within this framework, the PDM-FLEX hydrological model, an integration of the probability distributed model (PDM) with the FLEX lumped model, was employed to calculate catchment-scale S<sub>r</sub> for each season across 671 catchments in the contiguous United States. Results show that: i) this framework can effectively capture seasonal S<sub>r</sub>, with wet season S<sub>r</sub> (an average of 564 mm) generally being smaller than dry season S<sub>r</sub> (an average of 820 mm) for most catchments. In the west, plants routinely access deep water, leading to comparable S<sub>r</sub> for both wet and dry seasons. Incorporating seasonal S<sub>r</sub> into the hydrological model can improve simulation performance across time scales; ii) dry season S<sub>r</sub> is more responsive to hydroclimatic control compared to wet season S<sub>r</sub>, as plants in arid climates are more sensitive to water accessibility; and iii) during the wet season, low S<sub>r</sub> relative to precipitation leads to an unresponsive hydrological reaction. However, during the dry season, a routine correlation between S<sub>r</sub> and precipitation produces responsive hydrological behavior. These findings indicate that plants seasonally adapt their root systems and that these seasonal variations in S<sub>r</sub> would have significant hydrological implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 110428"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143056797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of 38-year integrated nutrient management on soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions of a rice-wheat cropping system

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110415

Manjeet Kaur , G.S. Dheri , S.S. Walia , O.P. Choudhary

Integrating chemical fertilizers and organic manures is critical for improving soil health, increasing crop production, and mitigating the adverse environmental effects of the rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS). Numerous attempts have been made to evaluate the influence of integrated nutrient management (INM) on both crop yields and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during a single crop growing season. However, few studies have quantified the impact across an entire rotation cycle in this cropping system, considering the CO₂ uptake due to soil carbon (C) sequestration and saving of chemical fertilizer in INM practices. Therefore, the study was conducted to quantify the effects of 38 years of INM in rice-wheat cropping system on C sequestration and GHG emissions. Five treatment combinations of fertilizer nutrients (NPK) alone and their partial substitution (25 % N) with organic sources either through farmyard manure (FYM) or wheat cut straw (WCS) or green manuring (GM) in rice, and only chemical fertilizers at different levels in succeeding wheat crop were studied for two years (2019–20 and 2020–21). The results showed that substituting 25 % fertilizer N with organic materials (FYM/WCS/GM) in rice and using 25 % less NPK in wheat for 38 years significantly improved soil properties, including SOC sequestration, and increased crop yield (except WCS). INM increased the GHG emissions over chemical fertilization (100 % NPK), but the GHGI (greenhouse gas intensity) was equivalent, except for the usage of WCS in RWCS. Overall, in RWCS, INM via substituting 25 % fertilizer N with FYM/GM in rice and applying 75 % NPK in wheat had lower GHGI than only chemical fertilizer application, indicating the advantages of these amendments for increasing soil health, crop production, and climate change mitigation. Further research is required to determine the correlation between the mineralization patterns of added organic amendments, soil C fractions during critical crop growth stages, and GHG emissions.

{"title":"Impact of 38-year integrated nutrient management on soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions of a rice-wheat cropping system","authors":"Manjeet Kaur , G.S. Dheri , S.S. Walia , O.P. Choudhary","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrating chemical fertilizers and organic manures is critical for improving soil health, increasing crop production, and mitigating the adverse environmental effects of the rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS). Numerous attempts have been made to evaluate the influence of integrated nutrient management (INM) on both crop yields and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during a single crop growing season. However, few studies have quantified the impact across an entire rotation cycle in this cropping system, considering the CO<sub>2</sub> uptake due to soil carbon (C) sequestration and saving of chemical fertilizer in INM practices. Therefore, the study was conducted to quantify the effects of 38 years of INM in rice-wheat cropping system on C sequestration and GHG emissions. Five treatment combinations of fertilizer nutrients (NPK) alone and their partial substitution (25 % N) with organic sources either through farmyard manure (FYM) or wheat cut straw (WCS) or green manuring (GM) in rice, and only chemical fertilizers at different levels in succeeding wheat crop were studied for two years (2019–20 and 2020–21). The results showed that substituting 25 % fertilizer N with organic materials (FYM/WCS/GM) in rice and using 25 % less NPK in wheat for 38 years significantly improved soil properties, including SOC sequestration, and increased crop yield (except WCS). INM increased the GHG emissions over chemical fertilization (100 % NPK), but the GHGI (greenhouse gas intensity) was equivalent, except for the usage of WCS in RWCS. Overall, in RWCS, INM via substituting 25 % fertilizer N with FYM/GM in rice and applying 75 % NPK in wheat had lower GHGI than only chemical fertilizer application, indicating the advantages of these amendments for increasing soil health, crop production, and climate change mitigation. Further research is required to determine the correlation between the mineralization patterns of added organic amendments, soil C fractions during critical crop growth stages, and GHG emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 110415"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143057189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drought-induced water use patterns in epiphytic ferns and orchids of the Hainan tropical cloud forest, South China

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110400

Liangyu Wen , Dexu Zhang , Chuchu Xiao , Guang Feng , Ewuketu Linger , Wenxing Long

Understanding how epiphytic vascular plants respond to drought is essential for elucidating the potential mechanisms that may contribute to their resilience in the context of global climate change. Despite numerous studies have estimated tropical epiphytic vascular plants’ water source and use efficiency, their response to drought induced water scarcity poorly understood. We conducted an in-situ water reduction control experiment (i.e., controlling rain and fog water, each with three treatments) on epiphytic vascular plant communities in a biodiverse hotspots region of Hainan tropical cloud forest. We then investigated the water sources and water use efficiency (WUE) of epiphytic vascular plants under different drought gradients. We found a significant seasonal variation in water sources: 63 %–67 % in the dry season (November to April of the next year) and 64 %–70 % in the wet season (May to October) came from fog and rain, respectively In the wet season, epiphytic ferns utilized 39 % fog and 61 % rain, while orchids utilized 31 % fog and 69 % rain. Ferns absorbed significantly more fog water than orchids under all drought gradients. In the dry season, 63 % of the water in epiphytic ferns and 64 % in orchids originated from fog, while 37 % and 36 % from rain for ephiphytic ferns and orchids respectively. The WUE of ferns was significantly higher than that of orchids under all drought gradients. These findings reveal that both epiphytic vascular plant communities and epiphytic taxa display selective and complementary water uptake strategies, with distinct differences in water use strategy between epiphytic ferns and orchids.

{"title":"Drought-induced water use patterns in epiphytic ferns and orchids of the Hainan tropical cloud forest, South China","authors":"Liangyu Wen , Dexu Zhang , Chuchu Xiao , Guang Feng , Ewuketu Linger , Wenxing Long","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how epiphytic vascular plants respond to drought is essential for elucidating the potential mechanisms that may contribute to their resilience in the context of global climate change. Despite numerous studies have estimated tropical epiphytic vascular plants’ water source and use efficiency, their response to drought induced water scarcity poorly understood. We conducted an <em>in-situ</em> water reduction control experiment (<em>i.e.,</em> controlling rain and fog water, each with three treatments) on epiphytic vascular plant communities in a biodiverse hotspots region of Hainan tropical cloud forest. We then investigated the water sources and water use efficiency (WUE) of epiphytic vascular plants under different drought gradients. We found a significant seasonal variation in water sources: 63 %–67 % in the dry season (November to April of the next year) and 64 %–70 % in the wet season (May to October) came from fog and rain, respectively In the wet season, epiphytic ferns utilized 39 % fog and 61 % rain, while orchids utilized 31 % fog and 69 % rain. Ferns absorbed significantly more fog water than orchids under all drought gradients. In the dry season, 63 % of the water in epiphytic ferns and 64 % in orchids originated from fog, while 37 % and 36 % from rain for ephiphytic ferns and orchids respectively. The WUE of ferns was significantly higher than that of orchids under all drought gradients. These findings reveal that both epiphytic vascular plant communities and epiphytic taxa display selective and complementary water uptake strategies, with distinct differences in water use strategy between epiphytic ferns and orchids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 110400"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143056791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impacts of Spartina alterniflora invasion on coastal carbon cycling within a native Phragmites australis-dominated wetland

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110405

Ying Huang , Jiangtao Wang , Pengfei Wu , Zheng Duan , Xiuzhen Li , Jianwu Tang

Despite its significance for climate adaptation, the impact of non-native Spartina alterniflora on coastal blue carbon cycling remains unclear. While it is generally reported that S. alterniflora invasion increases the soil organic carbon (SOC) stock along China's coastlines from tropical to subtropical climate zones, some cases, such as the Jiuduansha wetland in the Yangtze River estuary, show a different pattern. To clarify the impacts of S. alterniflora invasion on carbon cycling within a native Phragmites australis-dominated wetland, a comprehensive study was conducted in the Yangtze River estuary, employing a multidisciplinary approach that integrated eddy covariance (EC) measurements, soil and water sampling, and satellite remote sensing. The EC measurements revealed that three marshes (S. alterniflora saltmarsh, native Phragmites australis saltmarsh, and P. australis freshwater marsh) functioned as net carbon sinks annually, with S. alterniflora saltmarsh capturing 822.57 g C m⁻² yr⁻¹, which was 86.13 % and 54.27 % higher than P. australis saltmarsh (NEE=−441.93 g C m⁻² yr⁻¹) and P. australis freshwater marsh (NEE=−533.21 g C m⁻² yr⁻¹), respectively. This suggests that enhanced lateral carbon fluxes from the wetland to the estuary underlie the higher primary production but lower SOC storage observed in S. alterniflora wetlands. This possibility is further supported by higher satellite-derived dissolved organic carbon concentrations in the tidal creeks adjacent to S. alterniflora compared to those near P. australis marshes, which were significantly correlated with satellite-derived non-photosynthetic vegetation fractional cover. This study underscores the role of non-native S. alterniflora in facilitating carbon transfer from the atmosphere to the estuary, in contrast to native P. australis, and highlights that effective S. alterniflora management is beneficial for the synergistic enhancement of wetland restoration, conservation, and carbon sequestration.

{"title":"Impacts of Spartina alterniflora invasion on coastal carbon cycling within a native Phragmites australis-dominated wetland","authors":"Ying Huang , Jiangtao Wang , Pengfei Wu , Zheng Duan , Xiuzhen Li , Jianwu Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite its significance for climate adaptation, the impact of non-native <em>Spartina alterniflora</em> on coastal blue carbon cycling remains unclear. While it is generally reported that <em>S. alterniflora</em> invasion increases the soil organic carbon (SOC) stock along China's coastlines from tropical to subtropical climate zones, some cases, such as the Jiuduansha wetland in the Yangtze River estuary, show a different pattern. To clarify the impacts of <em>S. alterniflora</em> invasion on carbon cycling within a native <em>Phragmites australis</em>-dominated wetland, a comprehensive study was conducted in the Yangtze River estuary, employing a multidisciplinary approach that integrated eddy covariance (EC) measurements, soil and water sampling, and satellite remote sensing. The EC measurements revealed that three marshes (<em>S. alterniflora</em> saltmarsh, native <em>Phragmites australis</em> saltmarsh, and <em>P. australis</em> freshwater marsh) functioned as net carbon sinks annually, with <em>S. alterniflora</em> saltmarsh capturing 822.57 g C m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>, which was 86.13 % and 54.27 % higher than <em>P. australis</em> saltmarsh (NEE=−441.93 g C m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>) and <em>P. australis</em> freshwater marsh (NEE=−533.21 g C m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>), respectively. This suggests that enhanced lateral carbon fluxes from the wetland to the estuary underlie the higher primary production but lower SOC storage observed in <em>S. alterniflora</em> wetlands. This possibility is further supported by higher satellite-derived dissolved organic carbon concentrations in the tidal creeks adjacent to <em>S. alterniflora</em> compared to those near <em>P. australis</em> marshes, which were significantly correlated with satellite-derived non-photosynthetic vegetation fractional cover. This study underscores the role of non-native <em>S. alterniflora</em> in facilitating carbon transfer from the atmosphere to the estuary, in contrast to native <em>P. australis</em>, and highlights that effective <em>S. alterniflora</em> management is beneficial for the synergistic enhancement of wetland restoration, conservation, and carbon sequestration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 110405"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143072236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seasonal vapor pressure deficit and temperature effects on carbon dioxide and water dynamics in a prevalent crop rotation in the northern Great Plains

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110425

Craig W. Whippo, Nicanor Z. Saliendra, Mark A. Liebig, David W. Archer

A spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) -corn (Zea mays L.) -soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) rotation has become widespread in dry-land cropping systems in the northern Great Plains of the United States. But this region experiences extreme variability in climate, which is projected to increase in the future, and little is known about how seasonal weather changes impact this crop rotation in terms of carbon and water balances. To address this research gap, we analyzed micrometeorological and eddy covariance measurements through two rotations of spring wheat-corn-soybean in a no-till, rainfed field managed according to prevailing local practices near Mandan, ND USA. Using linear regression models, we found a negative correlation between vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and soil water content, which explained 84 % of the variation in net-ecosystem production (NEP) and 64 % of the variation in gross ecosystem production (GEP). Results also indicated that evapotranspiration (ET) across dormant and growing seasons among three crops (i.e., six crop-seasons) was mainly determined by VPD during the dormant season but a threshold ET was attained as VPD increased between growing seasons. Elevated temperatures during the dormant season explained 88 % of the variability in ecosystem respiration during the dormant season. These results imply that anticipated increases in evaporative demand due to elevated temperatures and/or low humidity in conjunction with soil drought may necessitate wider adoption of conservation agricultural practices that enhance soil moisture recharge during the dormant season.

{"title":"Seasonal vapor pressure deficit and temperature effects on carbon dioxide and water dynamics in a prevalent crop rotation in the northern Great Plains","authors":"Craig W. Whippo, Nicanor Z. Saliendra, Mark A. Liebig, David W. Archer","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A spring wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) -corn (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) -soybean (<em>Glycine</em> max (L.) Merr.) rotation has become widespread in dry-land cropping systems in the northern Great Plains of the United States. But this region experiences extreme variability in climate, which is projected to increase in the future, and little is known about how seasonal weather changes impact this crop rotation in terms of carbon and water balances. To address this research gap, we analyzed micrometeorological and eddy covariance measurements through two rotations of spring wheat-corn-soybean in a no-till, rainfed field managed according to prevailing local practices near Mandan, ND USA. Using linear regression models, we found a negative correlation between vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and soil water content, which explained 84 % of the variation in net-ecosystem production (NEP) and 64 % of the variation in gross ecosystem production (GEP). Results also indicated that evapotranspiration (ET) across dormant and growing seasons among three crops (i.e., six crop-seasons) was mainly determined by VPD during the dormant season but a threshold ET was attained as VPD increased between growing seasons. Elevated temperatures during the dormant season explained 88 % of the variability in ecosystem respiration during the dormant season. These results imply that anticipated increases in evaporative demand due to elevated temperatures and/or low humidity in conjunction with soil drought may necessitate wider adoption of conservation agricultural practices that enhance soil moisture recharge during the dormant season.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"363 ","pages":"Article 110425"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extreme hydroclimates amplify the biophysical effects of advanced green-up in temperate China

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110421

Lingxue Yu , Ye Liu , Miaogen Shen , Zicheng Yu , Xuan Li , Huanjun Liu , Vincent Lyne , Ming Jiang , Chaoyang Wu

Vegetation phenology modulates climate by altering energy and water exchange between the land and atmosphere. However, how extreme hydroclimatic conditions modify these phenology-climate feedbacks is still poorly understood. In this study, we used a land–atmosphere-coupled Weather Research and Forecasting model to explore the impacts of advanced green-up on air temperature under different hydroclimate conditions across temperate China and to Mechanistic analysis elucidate the underlying biophysical mechanisms. By imposing a 14-day earlier green-up in line with recent satellite observations, we found that under mean climate conditions, an earlier leaf-out induces immediate surface cooling of 0.14 °C during green-up and a lagging 0.02 °C warming during senescence averaged for temperate China. Extremely humid conditions amplify the cooling effects to 0.18 °C during green-up, extending this cooling into the senescence period. Conversely, under extremely arid conditions, earlier green-up cools air temperature by 0.09 °C, and amplified senescence warming to 0.16 °C. Mechanism analysis revealed that evapotranspiration-dominated non-radiative processes drive immediate cooling during green-up while radiation and circulation process dominates the delayed but opposite warming/cooling effects during senescence in extremely arid/humid hydroclimates. Given the projected continuation of warming trends and increased frequency of extreme climatic events, it is imperative to incorporate the biophysical effects of vegetation phenology into local climate adaptation strategies.

植被物候通过改变陆地与大气之间的能量和水分交换来调节气候。然而，人们对极端水文气候条件如何改变这些物候-气候反馈仍知之甚少。在本研究中，我们利用陆地-大气耦合天气研究与预报模型，探讨了在中国温带不同水文气候条件下，提前返青对气温的影响，并通过机制分析阐明了其背后的生物物理机制。根据最近的卫星观测结果，我们将返青期提前了14天，结果发现，在平均气候条件下，返青期提前落叶会立即导致地表降温0.14 °C，而衰老期平均升温0.02 °C。在极度潮湿的条件下，返青期的降温效应扩大到 0.18 °C，并将降温效应延续到衰老期。相反，在极端干旱条件下，较早的返青期会使气温降低 0.09 °C，并将衰老期的升温效应放大到 0.16 °C。机理分析表明，以蒸腾作用为主的非辐射过程驱动了返青期的直接降温，而在极端干旱/潮湿的水文气候条件下，辐射和环流过程主导了衰老期延迟但相反的升温/降温效应。鉴于气候变暖的趋势预计将持续，极端气候事件的发生频率也将增加，因此必须将植被物候的生物物理效应纳入当地的气候适应战略。

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引用次数: 0