Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications最新文献

英文中文

Enhancing LMBA linearity using an AM–PM predefined output networks 使用AM-PM预定义的输出网络增强LMBA线性度

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156182

Zhiqing Liu , Cheng Bi , Xianrong Zhang , Zhijiang Dai

In this paper, a new method is proposed to design a linearity-enhanced load modulated balanced amplifier (LMBA). This method optimizes the phase difference parameter to achieve a predefined amplitude-to-phase (AM–PM) characteristic while ensuring proper load modulation and high efficiency at output back-off state. The predefined AM–PM characteristic is chosen to be the inverse of the control transistor to improve the overall linearity of the LMBA. For proof-of-concept validation purposes, a linearity-enhanced LMBA circuit prototype is designed to provide linear overall AM–PM characteristics at 2.1 GHz. Meanwhile, its input matching network is designed to minimize the AM–AM distortion by properly selecting the source impedances. Under continuous wave excitation, the fabricated LMBA show that the drain efficiency is 40.2% at 9 dB output back-off power level and the saturated drain efficiency is 50.6%. Besides, the gain compression under continuous-wave stimuli is 3.02 dB. Furthermore, under excitation by carrier aggregated signals with modulation bandwidths of up to 40 MHz and a peak-to-average power ratio equal to 9 dB, the LMBA prototype maintains an adjacent channel leakage ratio of better than −35.6 dBc with a drain efficiency excessing 40%, without any additional linearization schemes.

本文提出了一种设计线性增强负载调制平衡放大器的新方法。该方法优化了相位差参数，在保证适当的负载调制和输出回退状态下的高效率的同时，实现了预定义的幅相特性。选择预定义的AM-PM特性作为控制晶体管的逆，以提高LMBA的整体线性度。为了概念验证的目的，设计了一个线性增强的LMBA电路原型，以提供2.1 GHz的线性整体AM-PM特性。同时，通过合理选择源阻抗，设计输入匹配网络，使调幅失真最小化。在连续波激励下，所制备的LMBA在输出回退功率为9 dB时漏极效率为40.2%，饱和漏极效率为50.6%。连续波刺激下的增益压缩为3.02 dB。此外，在载波聚合信号的激励下，调制带宽高达40 MHz，峰均功率比为9 dB， LMBA原型在没有任何额外线性化方案的情况下，保持相邻通道泄漏比优于- 35.6 dBc，漏极效率超过40%。

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引用次数: 0

Pattern synthesis of antenna array with beam direction and polarization steering and null control 具有波束方向、极化转向和零控制的天线阵方向图合成

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156179

Xin-Ran Jin , Shen-Yun Wang

To address the need for simultaneous beam control and anti-interference in wireless systems, a novel antenna array pattern synthesis method capable of beam direction and polarization steering, with flexible null position, width, and depth control, is proposed. In this method, a performance index is newly defined and maximized to calculate the optimal excitation distribution (OED) of the antenna array. The principle of the pattern synthesis is to maximize the ratio of radiated energy density directed toward the beam region over that radiated toward the sidelobe and interference regions. The beam polarization and null depth are controlled by introducing two polarization constraint matrices and a null weight. To validate the method, a dual-polarization 2 × 8 patch antenna array working at 3.4 GHz is designed. Both the simulated and measured antenna array patterns agree well with the theoretical predictions. The proposed pattern synthesis method may be applied in wireless systems where both accurate beam scanning and anti-inference are needed, such as radar detection and wireless communication systems.

为了解决无线系统中波束控制和抗干扰同时进行的需求，提出了一种具有波束方向和极化控制、零位置、宽度和深度灵活控制的天线阵列方向图合成方法。该方法通过定义并最大化性能指标来计算天线阵的最优激励分布。方向图合成的原理是使指向波束区域的辐射能量密度比指向旁瓣和干涉区域的辐射能量密度最大。通过引入两个极化约束矩阵和一个零权来控制光束偏振和零深度。为了验证该方法，设计了工作在3.4 GHz的双极化2 × 8贴片天线阵列。模拟和实测的天线阵方向图与理论预测吻合较好。所提出的方向图合成方法可应用于雷达探测和无线通信等需要精确波束扫描和反推理的无线系统中。

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引用次数: 0

Equivalent transmission line model for multilayered uniaxial dielectric-magnetic anisotropic media 多层单轴介质-磁各向异性介质等效传输线模型

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156171

Chaoyue Zhao , Yu Luo , Ningning Yan , Kangda Hao

In this paper, an equivalent transmission line model (TLM) for multilayered uniaxial dielectric-magnetically anisotropic media is proposed, which theoretically enables the calculation of plane wave propagation characteristics in uniaxial anisotropic media. Based on Maxwell's equations, the model elucidates the directional relationships among field vectors after birefringence occurs in anisotropic media. The model calculates the refractive index and corresponding characteristic impedance for waves incident at arbitrary angles into uniaxial anisotropic media, transforming a multidimensional electromagnetic problem into a one-dimensional circuit problem. This model efficiently computes the amplitude and phase of reflection and transmission coefficients for plane waves in multilayer media at any incidence angle, with reduced computational complexity compared to traditional 4 × 4 matrix methods. Finally, validation is performed within the 10–20 GHz frequency band for a five-layer medium structure, showing excellent agreement between calculated and simulated results. The model provides a concise and efficient approach for analyzing wave propagation in anisotropic media, while its circuit-based framework will enhance the analysis of entire systems incorporating multilayer anisotropic structures.

本文提出了多层单轴介质电磁各向异性介质的等效传输线模型（TLM），从理论上实现了单轴各向异性介质中平面波传播特性的计算。该模型基于麦克斯韦方程组，阐述了各向异性介质中发生双折射后场矢量之间的方向关系。该模型计算任意角度入射到单轴各向异性介质中的波的折射率和相应的特征阻抗，将一个多维的电磁问题转化为一个一维的电路问题。与传统的4 × 4矩阵方法相比，该模型有效地计算了多层介质中任意入射角下平面波的反射和透射系数的振幅和相位，降低了计算复杂度。最后，在10-20 GHz频段对五层介质结构进行了验证，计算结果与仿真结果吻合良好。该模型为分析波在各向异性介质中的传播提供了一种简洁有效的方法，而其基于电路的框架将加强对包含多层各向异性结构的整个系统的分析。

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引用次数: 0

FPGA-based transceiver implementation with circular polarization excitation for microwave transmission measurement while drilling 基于fpga的圆偏振激励微波随钻传输测量收发器实现

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156173

Jing Chen , Liexin Peng , Wenjun Shan , Liang Lang

Microwave transmission measurement while drilling (MMWD) utilizes the drill-pipe as a circular waveguide, offering high transmission rates and robust real-time performance for air-drilling applications. This paper presents the design and implementation of a high-efficiency MMWD system that addresses critical challenges including polarization mismatch, severe signal attenuation, and low level of system integration. The system operates in the dominant TE₁₁ mode at 3.2 GHz, ensuring low-loss single-mode transmission. To enhance robustness in non-ideal drill pipes, a novel excitation scheme combining a waveguide circular polarizer with a microstrip Yagi antenna is proposed to generate circularly polarized waves. This design reduces polarization mismatch loss to below 1.8 dB while occupying only 10.4 % of the pipe's internal cross-section area. Furthermore, a spread-spectrum physical-layer transceiver implemented on a Xilinx Artix-7 FPGA enables reliable data communication with improved noise resilience. Experimental results demonstrate reliable communication at 230 kbps with bit-error rate below 10⁻⁵ under total 67 dB attenuation. Together with the modeled drill-pipe attenuation, the experimental results establish a solid theoretical and experimental foundation for long-distance real-time transmission in drilling environments.

随钻微波传输测量（MMWD）利用钻杆作为圆形波导，为空气钻井应用提供高传输速率和强大的实时性能。本文介绍了一种高效MMWD系统的设计和实现，该系统解决了极化失配、严重信号衰减和低水平系统集成等关键挑战。系统工作在3.2 GHz的主导TE11模式下，确保低损耗单模传输。为了提高在非理想钻杆中的鲁棒性，提出了一种波导圆极化器与微带八木天线相结合的圆极化波激励方案。该设计将极化失配损耗降低到1.8 dB以下，同时仅占管道内部横截面面积的10.4%。此外，在Xilinx Artix-7 FPGA上实现的扩频物理层收发器实现了可靠的数据通信，并提高了噪声恢复能力。实验结果表明，在总衰减为67 dB的情况下，通信速率为230 kbps，误码率低于10−5。实验结果与模拟的钻杆衰减相结合，为钻井环境下长距离实时传输奠定了坚实的理论和实验基础。

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引用次数: 0

A differentially fed dual-band dual-polarized filtering antenna with high selectivity 一种高选择性差分馈电双带双极化滤波天线

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156169

Yi Cao , Zhipeng Xia , Jianpeng Wang , Lei Ge

In this paper, a differentially fed dual-band dual-polarized filtering antenna with high selectivity is proposed for application in n78 and n79 band of fifth-generation (5G) communication. Based on two stacking circular patches working in TM₁₁ mode, two radiating frequency with dual polarization is initially indicated respectively at 3.5 GHz and 4.8 GHz. Subsequently, slots, T-branches, parasitic patches, and shorting posts are introduced to expand the bandwidth of lower-band and upper-band. Meanwhile the combination of slots, parasitic patches and shorting posts successfully introduced four radiation zeros which highly improved the selectivity. Measured results show that the proposed antenna exhibits a low profile of 0.04λ₀ and provides impedance bandwidths of 4 % (3.45–3.59GHz) and 6.7 % (4.59–4.91 GHz) along with maximum gains of 5.8 dBi and 8.6 dBi respectively at two working band. As expected, four radiation zeros are observed on realized gain which indicates a good selectivity.

本文提出了一种适用于5G通信n78和n79频段的差分馈电双频双极化高选择性滤波天线。基于TM11模式下的两个叠加圆形贴片，初步确定了两个双极化辐射频率，分别为3.5 GHz和4.8 GHz。随后，通过插槽、t型支路、寄生补丁、短柱等方式扩展上下行带宽。同时，槽、寄生片和短柱的组合成功地引入了4个辐射零点，大大提高了选择性。测量结果表明，该天线具有0.04λ0的低轮廓，在两个工作频段提供4% （3.45 ~ 3.59GHz）和6.7% （4.59 ~ 4.91 GHz）的阻抗带宽，最大增益分别为5.8 dBi和8.6 dBi。正如预期的那样，在实现增益上观察到四个辐射零，这表明有很好的选择性。

引用次数: 0

Design of a dual-band dual-polarized antenna with microstrip-slot composite resonant structure for 5G applications 5G应用双频双极化微带-槽复合谐振结构天线设计

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156174

Wen-Jing Guo , Tian-Le Zhang , Jian-Peng Wang , Lei Ge

This paper presents a dual-band dual-polarized (DBDP) antenna employing microstrip-slot composite resonant structure. The design innovatively integrates a cross stepped slot on the square driven patch, which simultaneously excites the slot mode and the TM₁₂ mode to establish two distinct operational bands. A critical aspect for bandwidth enhancement is the incorporation of four trapezoidal strips and a pair of cross distributed patches, introducing an additional resonant mode that effectively broadens the bandwidth of both bands. Notably, two radiation nulls are generated through current cancellation between the parasitic elements and the driven patch, significantly improving out-of-band gain suppression. Moreover, the strategic combination of shorting pins and small patches effectively suppress the inherent radiation pattern splitting of the TM₁₂ mode, thereby enhancing both gain and in-band stability in the upper band. For experimental validation, the proposed dual-band antenna is fabricated and measured, results demonstrate that the presented prototypes exhibit excellent performances in terms of a dual operation bands at 3.43–3.79 and 4.64–5.06 GHz with 8.5 and 7.7 dBi peak gains, 40-dB polarization isolation and a low profile of 0.075λ_L.

本文提出了一种采用微带-槽复合谐振结构的双频双极化（DBDP）天线。该设计创新性地在方形驱动贴片上集成了一个交叉阶梯式插槽，同时激发插槽模式和TM12模式，从而建立两个不同的工作频段。带宽增强的一个关键方面是四个梯形带和一对交叉分布的贴片的结合，引入了一个额外的谐振模式，有效地拓宽了两个频段的带宽。值得注意的是，寄生元件和驱动贴片之间的电流抵消产生了两个辐射零，显著改善了带外增益抑制。此外，短引脚和小贴片的策略组合有效地抑制了TM12模式固有的辐射方向图分裂，从而提高了上频段的增益和带内稳定性。实验结果表明，该天线在3.43 ~ 3.79 GHz和4.64 ~ 5.06 GHz双工作频段具有良好的性能，峰值增益为8.5和7.7 dBi，极化隔离为40 db，低轮廓为0.075λL。

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引用次数: 0

Dual-plane Vivaldi antenna with inherent reflection suppression for UWB pulse applications 超宽带脉冲应用中具有固有反射抑制的双平面维瓦尔第天线

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156180

Binwen Wang , Hui Ning , Youjie Yan , Yan Wang , Xiaorun Li

Planar end-fire antennas are inherently compatible with the key advantages and practical requirements of solid-state pulse sources and array configurations. This paper presents a fundamental resistive loading dual-plane Vivaldi antenna model. Its unique configuration features inherent time-domain reflection voltage suppression and enhanced power-handling capacity. Critically, the introduced resistive loading has a negligible impact on the antenna’s time-domain radiation performance. Building upon this foundational model, an element antenna for large-scale arrays in electromagnetic vulnerability testing is further developed, conforming to a

A 4

paper size. Measurements under monopolar pulse excitation (270 ps rise time) demonstrate a consistent effective potential gain of 1.5 with or without loading, while resistive loading reduces the time-domain reflection voltage peak by 68%. Moreover, the design achieves an optimized S11

<

−15 dB from 0.60 to 2.84 GHz while maintaining a stable, high gain (

\geq

5.18 dBi) across this band. The proposed design successfully concurrently integrates low reflection, high gain, and improved power tolerance, offering a comprehensive and effective solution for UWB short-pulse radiation.

平面端火天线本质上兼容固态脉冲源和阵列配置的关键优势和实际要求。提出了一种基本的电阻加载双平面维瓦尔第天线模型。其独特的结构具有固有的时域反射电压抑制和增强的功率处理能力。关键是，引入的电阻加载对天线的时域辐射性能的影响可以忽略不计。在此基础模型的基础上，进一步开发了符合A4纸尺寸的大型阵列电磁脆弱性测试单元天线。在单极脉冲激励（270 ps上升时间）下的测量表明，无论是否加载，有效电位增益都一致为1.5，而电阻加载可将时域反射电压峰值降低68%。此外，该设计在0.60至2.84 GHz范围内实现了优化的S11<；−15 dB，同时在该频段内保持稳定的高增益（≥5.18 dBi）。该设计成功地同时集成了低反射、高增益和改进的功率容限，为超宽带短脉冲辐射提供了全面有效的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

A periodically loaded line phase shifter based on spoof plasmon polariton concept 基于欺骗等离子激元极化子概念的周期性加载线移相器

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156177

Jie Ma , Zhi Yu Bi , Zhan Yi Fu , Han Zhang , Li Wei Yan , Xiao Jian Fu , Jun Wei Wu , Fei Yang

This paper presents a loaded-line phase shifter with wide phase-shifting range based on Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SSPPs) with interdigital capacitors and p-i-n diodes. The operating principle of digital phase shifting is first investigated, followed by an analysis of the dispersion characteristics. Through tailored dispersion engineering, a phase shifter based on the proposed unit cells is then designed, with simulated transmission characteristics validating the dispersion analysis. Experimental measurements confirm the design’s clear superiority over conventional loaded-line phase shifters. The fabricated prototype exhibits a stable phase shift step from 4.5 GHz to 5.2 GHz, a phase shift range of 0°to 280°, and an insertion loss below 3 dB.

本文提出了一种基于欺骗表面等离子激元极化（SSPPs）的宽移相范围的负载线移相器，该移相器带有数字间电容和p-i-n二极管。首先研究了数字移相的工作原理，然后分析了色散特性。通过量身定制的色散工程，基于所提出的单元电池设计了移相器，并通过模拟传输特性验证了色散分析。实验测量证实了该设计明显优于传统的负载线移相器。在4.5 GHz到5.2 GHz范围内具有稳定的相移阶跃，相移范围为0°到280°，插入损耗低于3db。

引用次数: 0

A high-frequency memristor emulator: A novel design based on current mode analog building blocks 高频忆阻模拟器：一种基于电流模式模拟模块的新设计

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156176

Gouranga Mandal , Mourina Ghosh , Shekhar Suman Borah , Pulak Mondal , Santosh Kumar

This research article proposes a current-mode circuit-based memristor emulator. The proposed emulator distinguishes itself from others in the literature through its simplicity and high-frequency responsiveness (100 MHz). It supports both increasing and decreasing modes of operation. A Comprehensive analysis of non-ideal behavior, including parasitic effects, temperature, and process corner variations, ensures the robustness of the proposed emulator. The suggested emulator is used to design a relaxation oscillator for biomedical applications and adaptive neural network for neuromorphic application. The proposed memristor emulator’s design and verification are performed using a 180 nm CMOS technology. The proposed design has also been verified using ICs CA3080 and AD844.

本文提出了一种基于电流模式电路的忆阻器仿真器。该仿真器通过其简单性和高频响应性（100 MHz）与文献中的其他仿真器区别开来。它支持增加和减少操作模式。非理想行为的综合分析，包括寄生效应，温度和过程转角变化，确保了所提出的模拟器的鲁棒性。该仿真器用于生物医学应用的松弛振荡器和神经形态应用的自适应神经网络的设计。采用180nm CMOS技术对所提出的忆阻器仿真器进行了设计和验证。该设计还通过集成电路CA3080和AD844进行了验证。

引用次数: 0

SIW H-plane wideband filtering horn antenna with miniaturized longitudinal dimension 纵向尺寸小型化的SIW h面宽带滤波喇叭天线

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156172

Yong-Dan Kong, Ji Qi, Qing-Xin Chu

A substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) H-plane horn antenna featuring wideband filtering characteristics and a reduced longitudinal size is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the extra substrates and dipole array are loaded on the conventional SIW H-plane horn antenna for enhancing the impedance matching at the horn aperture. Secondly, the horn’s longitudinal dimension is significantly shortened by nearly 70% for miniaturization; whereas, the field distributions at the horn aperture are destroyed, which results in the decreased gain. Thirdly, by adopting three sets of metal-via arrays and four slits, the gain is improved as the quasi-uniform phase and amplitude distributions. Furthermore, two modes of radiation are also generated below and above the passband, which generates two radiation nulls on the gain curve, thus realizing the filtering response in Ka band while keeping the horn size unchanged. Finally, the proposed antenna is fabricated, and the proposed antenna achieves wideband filtering response with the impedance bandwidth of 27.27% (30.4–40 GHz) and two radiation nulls. The peak gain is 12.27 dB.

提出了一种具有宽带滤波特性和减小纵向尺寸的基板集成波导（SIW） h面喇叭天线。首先，在传统的SIW h面喇叭天线上加载额外的衬底和偶极子阵列，以增强喇叭孔径处的阻抗匹配。其次，为了小型化，喇叭的纵向尺寸显著缩短了近70%；然而，喇叭孔径处的场分布被破坏，导致增益降低。第三，采用三组金属通孔阵列和四个狭缝，以准均匀的相位和振幅分布来提高增益。此外，通带下方和上方还产生两种模式的辐射，在增益曲线上产生两个辐射零，从而在保持喇叭尺寸不变的情况下实现Ka波段的滤波响应。最后，制作了天线，实现了阻抗带宽为27.27% （30.4-40 GHz）的宽带滤波响应和两个辐射零点。峰值增益为12.27 dB。

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