Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2023.2186091
S. Gonyo, B. Zito, H. Burkart
Abstract Shoreline hardening is a method of coastal hazard protection that is often implemented by government agencies and individual property owners. As awareness of the potential negative effects of shoreline hardening has increased, natural and nature-based approaches have gained in popularity. Most research related to shoreline protection has focused on understanding the environmental and ecological effects. However, for hybrid, nature-based approaches, in particular, there is limited information available to compare their monetary costs. To fill this gap, this study used information collected from public shoreline protection projects within the New England and Mid-Atlantic areas to estimate the costs of these measures based on the materials used, such as vegetation, sand, and/or stone. This approach allows for a detailed measurement of potential project inputs and provides needed cost information on the types of materials local governments and other stakeholders may use in their shoreline protection approaches. Results suggest that approaches that use natural materials tend to cost less than those that use more traditional, engineered materials, and nature-based approaches tend to cost somewhere in-between. Specifically, projects can be divided into four subgroups based on their average per-unit costs: (A) walls (mean: $5,628, se: $680) or stone at exposed sites (mean: $4,943, se: $725); (B) sand for beach nourishment (mean: $3,094, se: $397) or stone at low exposure sites ($3,014, se: $379); (C) stone and vegetation at low exposure sites (mean: $1,626, se: $217), stone and sand for other purposes at low exposure sites (mean: $1,411, se: $173), or sand for other purposes (mean: $1,384, se: $151); and (D) stone and sand for other purposes at low exposure sites (mean: $1,411, se: $173), sand for other purposes (mean: $1,384, se: $151), vegetation (mean: $1,300, se: $159), or vegetation and sand for other purposes (mean: $1,285, se: $172). Finally, monitoring and maintenance costs are often not accounted for, which may negatively affect the long-term success of shoreline protection efforts. Coupled with information on environmental and ecological effects of these different approaches, this information will allow for more informed decisions on how coastal and inland communities can best adapt to coastal risks.
{"title":"The Cost of Shoreline Protection: A Comparison of Approaches in Coastal New England and the Mid-Atlantic","authors":"S. Gonyo, B. Zito, H. Burkart","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2023.2186091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2023.2186091","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Shoreline hardening is a method of coastal hazard protection that is often implemented by government agencies and individual property owners. As awareness of the potential negative effects of shoreline hardening has increased, natural and nature-based approaches have gained in popularity. Most research related to shoreline protection has focused on understanding the environmental and ecological effects. However, for hybrid, nature-based approaches, in particular, there is limited information available to compare their monetary costs. To fill this gap, this study used information collected from public shoreline protection projects within the New England and Mid-Atlantic areas to estimate the costs of these measures based on the materials used, such as vegetation, sand, and/or stone. This approach allows for a detailed measurement of potential project inputs and provides needed cost information on the types of materials local governments and other stakeholders may use in their shoreline protection approaches. Results suggest that approaches that use natural materials tend to cost less than those that use more traditional, engineered materials, and nature-based approaches tend to cost somewhere in-between. Specifically, projects can be divided into four subgroups based on their average per-unit costs: (A) walls (mean: $5,628, se: $680) or stone at exposed sites (mean: $4,943, se: $725); (B) sand for beach nourishment (mean: $3,094, se: $397) or stone at low exposure sites ($3,014, se: $379); (C) stone and vegetation at low exposure sites (mean: $1,626, se: $217), stone and sand for other purposes at low exposure sites (mean: $1,411, se: $173), or sand for other purposes (mean: $1,384, se: $151); and (D) stone and sand for other purposes at low exposure sites (mean: $1,411, se: $173), sand for other purposes (mean: $1,384, se: $151), vegetation (mean: $1,300, se: $159), or vegetation and sand for other purposes (mean: $1,285, se: $172). Finally, monitoring and maintenance costs are often not accounted for, which may negatively affect the long-term success of shoreline protection efforts. Coupled with information on environmental and ecological effects of these different approaches, this information will allow for more informed decisions on how coastal and inland communities can best adapt to coastal risks.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"51 1","pages":"145 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47526993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-11DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2023.2176277
Yuncheng Deng, Yubing Shi
Abstract In 2018, Chinese Government started the new round of institutional reform under which relevant functions of the State Oceanic Administration (SOA) have been integrated into the Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR), Ministry of Ecology and Environment, and other relevant Ministries. By the end of 2019, reforms of national and local institutions at all levels had been completed. However, such reforms are not consistent between national and local levels, and some new developments at local level emerge. This article examines the history and the recent developments of China’s institutional reform for ocean management, and provides a preliminary assessment thereof. It is arguable institutions that are part of central integrated management (referenced as category C institutions), provincial/local diversified ocean management frameworks (category P) and other ocean management innovations (multiple pilot projects, marine central cities, and demonstration areas, category M) have been formed and preliminary results of the reorganizations are largely positive.
{"title":"Recent Developments of China’s Institutional Reform for Ocean Management: An Appraisal","authors":"Yuncheng Deng, Yubing Shi","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2023.2176277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2023.2176277","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 2018, Chinese Government started the new round of institutional reform under which relevant functions of the State Oceanic Administration (SOA) have been integrated into the Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR), Ministry of Ecology and Environment, and other relevant Ministries. By the end of 2019, reforms of national and local institutions at all levels had been completed. However, such reforms are not consistent between national and local levels, and some new developments at local level emerge. This article examines the history and the recent developments of China’s institutional reform for ocean management, and provides a preliminary assessment thereof. It is arguable institutions that are part of central integrated management (referenced as category C institutions), provincial/local diversified ocean management frameworks (category P) and other ocean management innovations (multiple pilot projects, marine central cities, and demonstration areas, category M) have been formed and preliminary results of the reorganizations are largely positive.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"51 1","pages":"91 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47174678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2023.2176279
P. Mwebaze, Sabah Abdullah
Abstract The importance of marine protected areas (MPAs) in protecting marine habitats and biodiversity, especially for coral reefs, is acknowledged among conservationists, managers, and policy-makers. However, the socio-economic and ecological benefits of MPAs are understated and overshadowed by the establishment and operating costs, specifically for MPAs located in developing countries. Using a global survey of recreational divers, we estimate recreational users’ welfare benefits in support of MPAs. Using the travel cost method (TCM), we show that an increase in user fees has a modest effect on visitors’ numbers in MPAs in developing countries. It is justifiable to increase revenue to help cover the costs of developing and operating MPAs. The mean consumer surplus (CS) derived from the TCM is US$588.24 per person trip with confidence intervals of $347.71–$1908.39 USD. Such information is pertinent in protecting and restoring the marine ecosystem when multiple threats adversely affect coral reefs, upon which other marine life and local and international communities depend.
{"title":"Demand for Diving Tourism in Marine Protected Areas in Developing Countries","authors":"P. Mwebaze, Sabah Abdullah","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2023.2176279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2023.2176279","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The importance of marine protected areas (MPAs) in protecting marine habitats and biodiversity, especially for coral reefs, is acknowledged among conservationists, managers, and policy-makers. However, the socio-economic and ecological benefits of MPAs are understated and overshadowed by the establishment and operating costs, specifically for MPAs located in developing countries. Using a global survey of recreational divers, we estimate recreational users’ welfare benefits in support of MPAs. Using the travel cost method (TCM), we show that an increase in user fees has a modest effect on visitors’ numbers in MPAs in developing countries. It is justifiable to increase revenue to help cover the costs of developing and operating MPAs. The mean consumer surplus (CS) derived from the TCM is US$588.24 per person trip with confidence intervals of $347.71–$1908.39 USD. Such information is pertinent in protecting and restoring the marine ecosystem when multiple threats adversely affect coral reefs, upon which other marine life and local and international communities depend.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"51 1","pages":"115 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45832948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-13DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2023.2148851
Monica Ragan, T. Walker, Melanie Zurba
Abstract In Canada, small craft harbors (SCHs) are a federal government responsibility under Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO). SCHs are economic centers for many rural coastal communities in Canada. By studying the role of SCHs on livelihoods one can delineate their importance to the users and community. The pilot study utilized semi-structured telephone interviews to speak with 19 participants from Nova Scotia, Canada. Participants included users and harbor authorities on whether the SCH they use or manage impacts their livelihood or community. Results indicate SCHs provide an essential avenue for users and communities to support their livelihoods. However, the degree to which they were essential varies between SCHs. SCH users have sufficient capital assets (financial, natural, human, social, and physical) to use the facilities. However, several participants indicated they lack funds from the federal government to maintain their SCHs. Therefore, two critical hindrances in supporting prosperous livelihoods were funding from the federal government and SCHs that lack access to a harbor authority.
{"title":"A Pilot Study of Small Craft Harbors in Nova Scotia, Canada: Examining Livelihoods Associated with These Facilities","authors":"Monica Ragan, T. Walker, Melanie Zurba","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2023.2148851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2023.2148851","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In Canada, small craft harbors (SCHs) are a federal government responsibility under Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO). SCHs are economic centers for many rural coastal communities in Canada. By studying the role of SCHs on livelihoods one can delineate their importance to the users and community. The pilot study utilized semi-structured telephone interviews to speak with 19 participants from Nova Scotia, Canada. Participants included users and harbor authorities on whether the SCH they use or manage impacts their livelihood or community. Results indicate SCHs provide an essential avenue for users and communities to support their livelihoods. However, the degree to which they were essential varies between SCHs. SCH users have sufficient capital assets (financial, natural, human, social, and physical) to use the facilities. However, several participants indicated they lack funds from the federal government to maintain their SCHs. Therefore, two critical hindrances in supporting prosperous livelihoods were funding from the federal government and SCHs that lack access to a harbor authority.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"51 1","pages":"42 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43217528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-05DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2023.2148860
Johnathan Daniel Maxey, Szu Yie Wong, Neil David Hartstein, Marjorie Lim, Nuo Geng Chen, Mohd Shukry Bin Bakar
Abstract Site selection is the foundation of sustainable finfish culture, and in the tropics, there are vast offshore areas where this is needed. This study is the first to identify areas for marine finfish culture along the North Borneo West Coast using outputs from hydrodynamic modeling coupled with GIS and Multiple-Criteria Decision Making Analysis. Site selection criteria included: water depth, current speed, significant wave height, sensitive habitats, reported fishing grounds, government-based exclusion zones, oil & gas consents, and navigation routes. Of an initial 2.55 million ha, 1.05 million ha was eliminated from consideration based on physical characteristics alone. Of the 1.50 million ha identified to satisfy physical and hydrodynamic criteria for surface-oriented farms, a further 0.06 million ha was eliminated due to sensitive habitat and government exclusion zones. The remaining 1.44 million ha was found suitable for surface pen farming and 0.61 million ha for submerged pen farming. Much of this potential area is shared with capture fishery grounds, oil & gas consents, and navigation routes that will require further assessments (e.g. EIAs) to determine specific impacts to those industries. Those areas not in multi-user conflict makes up 0.57 million ha and 0.28 million ha for surface and submerged farms respectively. Highlights Coastal and offshore finfish culture is globally underdeveloped and lacking robust site selection MCDM with numerical modeling is a promising aquaculture site selection tool Our MCDM conducted in discrete phases; did not require criteria ranking Our approach helps to streamline site selection in areas with limited resources.
{"title":"Marine Finfish Aquaculture Planning Using MCDM and Numerical Modelling Tools to Aide Industry Expansion along the North Borneo West Coast","authors":"Johnathan Daniel Maxey, Szu Yie Wong, Neil David Hartstein, Marjorie Lim, Nuo Geng Chen, Mohd Shukry Bin Bakar","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2023.2148860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2023.2148860","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Site selection is the foundation of sustainable finfish culture, and in the tropics, there are vast offshore areas where this is needed. This study is the first to identify areas for marine finfish culture along the North Borneo West Coast using outputs from hydrodynamic modeling coupled with GIS and Multiple-Criteria Decision Making Analysis. Site selection criteria included: water depth, current speed, significant wave height, sensitive habitats, reported fishing grounds, government-based exclusion zones, oil & gas consents, and navigation routes. Of an initial 2.55 million ha, 1.05 million ha was eliminated from consideration based on physical characteristics alone. Of the 1.50 million ha identified to satisfy physical and hydrodynamic criteria for surface-oriented farms, a further 0.06 million ha was eliminated due to sensitive habitat and government exclusion zones. The remaining 1.44 million ha was found suitable for surface pen farming and 0.61 million ha for submerged pen farming. Much of this potential area is shared with capture fishery grounds, oil & gas consents, and navigation routes that will require further assessments (e.g. EIAs) to determine specific impacts to those industries. Those areas not in multi-user conflict makes up 0.57 million ha and 0.28 million ha for surface and submerged farms respectively. Highlights Coastal and offshore finfish culture is globally underdeveloped and lacking robust site selection MCDM with numerical modeling is a promising aquaculture site selection tool Our MCDM conducted in discrete phases; did not require criteria ranking Our approach helps to streamline site selection in areas with limited resources.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"51 1","pages":"65 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49602143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-29DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2023.2148846
Minjing Wang, Y. Wang
Abstract The Beibu Gulf of the northern South China Sea occupies an important strategic position. However, administrative areas along the Chinese coastline of the gulf do not have a significant economic value. Therefore, increasing public attention and assisting the regional government are necessary for promoting development. In this study, a conceptual model comprising geographic location, economic potential, social function, and ecological service (GESE) for strategic position analysis was constructed and further extended to a system for regional strategic position evaluation (RSPES) based on regional characteristic resources and environment. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP), fuzzy evaluation, and weighted comprehensive calculation were used to effectively apply this system to the Beibu Gulf. The evaluation scores demonstrate that the Beibu Gulf strategic position is at the second importance level and the importance rankings for the four subsystems are as follows: geographic location, economic potential, ecological service, and social function. Based on this, recommendations for the further development of the Beibu Gulf have been offered. The GESE model and the RSPES are suitable for the application in other areas, particularly coastal ocean areas, and can provide support for integrated coastal management.
{"title":"Evaluating the Strategic Position of the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea","authors":"Minjing Wang, Y. Wang","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2023.2148846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2023.2148846","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Beibu Gulf of the northern South China Sea occupies an important strategic position. However, administrative areas along the Chinese coastline of the gulf do not have a significant economic value. Therefore, increasing public attention and assisting the regional government are necessary for promoting development. In this study, a conceptual model comprising geographic location, economic potential, social function, and ecological service (GESE) for strategic position analysis was constructed and further extended to a system for regional strategic position evaluation (RSPES) based on regional characteristic resources and environment. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP), fuzzy evaluation, and weighted comprehensive calculation were used to effectively apply this system to the Beibu Gulf. The evaluation scores demonstrate that the Beibu Gulf strategic position is at the second importance level and the importance rankings for the four subsystems are as follows: geographic location, economic potential, ecological service, and social function. Based on this, recommendations for the further development of the Beibu Gulf have been offered. The GESE model and the RSPES are suitable for the application in other areas, particularly coastal ocean areas, and can provide support for integrated coastal management.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"51 1","pages":"1 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41906986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-28DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2023.2148848
C. Oh, Jungho Nam, Hyounggon Kim
Abstract Offshore wind power has grown significantly worldwide but the presence of wind farms can be problematic in tourism areas. Offshore wind farms affect tourism behaviors. This study was conducted to assess the extent to which individuals’ characteristics affect their acceptance of wind farm projects, tourism behaviors represented as trip intention and site substitution when the offshore wind turbines are deployed in the beach. Using a case of offshore wind farm projects in South Korea, study results show that individuals’ perceptions of wind energy and perceived impacts of tourism were the critical variables that help understand the public acceptance. The likelihood of an individual visiting a beach with offshore wind farms was connected to their values concerning wind energy, seascape, and the environment. Such values played an important role in deciding to visit a different site. The results expectedly provide meaningful implications related to the siting of offshore wind farms.
{"title":"The Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms on Coastal Tourists’ Behaviors in South Korea","authors":"C. Oh, Jungho Nam, Hyounggon Kim","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2023.2148848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2023.2148848","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Offshore wind power has grown significantly worldwide but the presence of wind farms can be problematic in tourism areas. Offshore wind farms affect tourism behaviors. This study was conducted to assess the extent to which individuals’ characteristics affect their acceptance of wind farm projects, tourism behaviors represented as trip intention and site substitution when the offshore wind turbines are deployed in the beach. Using a case of offshore wind farm projects in South Korea, study results show that individuals’ perceptions of wind energy and perceived impacts of tourism were the critical variables that help understand the public acceptance. The likelihood of an individual visiting a beach with offshore wind farms was connected to their values concerning wind energy, seascape, and the environment. Such values played an important role in deciding to visit a different site. The results expectedly provide meaningful implications related to the siting of offshore wind farms.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"51 1","pages":"24 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41722667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-12DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2022.2126266
Anna Louise Harker, T. Stojanovic, A.M Majalia, C. Jackson, S. Baya, K. D. Tsiganyiu
Abstract At a time of massive expansion of Marine Protected Areas, there is a need to learn more about their sustainability and success. This study draws on a framework which operationalizes three-dimensions of well-being: material, relational, and subjective, in order to measure the range of benefits and disbenefits experienced by local communities from protected areas. 308 respondents from two coastal Kenyan villages adjacent to the Watamu Marine National Reserve participated in a telephone survey in June and July 2020. The study recorded varying levels of dependency on the marine environment for the livelihoods of residents. A key finding of this study was that benefits reported by participants consistently exceeded disbenefits. A principal components analysis identified that the number of benefits and disbenefits experienced explained the most variance within the dataset. The benefits and disbenefits reported contributed to each dimension of human well-being. The highest ranked benefits reported contributed to subjective well-being (‘better health’, and ‘ability to enjoy a clean and healthy creek and ocean’), and the most frequently reported disbenefits related to relational and material well-being (for instance ‘increased conflict and social tension’ ‘increased poverty’, ‘fewer supplies of food’). Practical local conservation efforts can address relational disbenefits through better partnership working, and material disbenefits by supporting pro-conservation, alternative livelihoods. The findings demonstrate the relevance of understanding social trends for marine protected area governance and management. The paper offers insights into how fundamental relations between protected marine environments, livelihoods, and well-being may affect the perceptions and success of conservation initiatives amongst local communities.
{"title":"Relationships between Livelihoods, Well-Being, and Marine Protected Areas: Evidence from a Community Survey, Watamu Marine National Park and Reserve, Kenya","authors":"Anna Louise Harker, T. Stojanovic, A.M Majalia, C. Jackson, S. Baya, K. D. Tsiganyiu","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2022.2126266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2022.2126266","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract At a time of massive expansion of Marine Protected Areas, there is a need to learn more about their sustainability and success. This study draws on a framework which operationalizes three-dimensions of well-being: material, relational, and subjective, in order to measure the range of benefits and disbenefits experienced by local communities from protected areas. 308 respondents from two coastal Kenyan villages adjacent to the Watamu Marine National Reserve participated in a telephone survey in June and July 2020. The study recorded varying levels of dependency on the marine environment for the livelihoods of residents. A key finding of this study was that benefits reported by participants consistently exceeded disbenefits. A principal components analysis identified that the number of benefits and disbenefits experienced explained the most variance within the dataset. The benefits and disbenefits reported contributed to each dimension of human well-being. The highest ranked benefits reported contributed to subjective well-being (‘better health’, and ‘ability to enjoy a clean and healthy creek and ocean’), and the most frequently reported disbenefits related to relational and material well-being (for instance ‘increased conflict and social tension’ ‘increased poverty’, ‘fewer supplies of food’). Practical local conservation efforts can address relational disbenefits through better partnership working, and material disbenefits by supporting pro-conservation, alternative livelihoods. The findings demonstrate the relevance of understanding social trends for marine protected area governance and management. The paper offers insights into how fundamental relations between protected marine environments, livelihoods, and well-being may affect the perceptions and success of conservation initiatives amongst local communities.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"50 1","pages":"490 - 513"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45630908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-11DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2022.2126271
David A. Hart, Timothy J. Prestby, R. Roth
Abstract In this article, we examine best practices and future opportunities for the design of coastal web atlases (CWAs) supporting adaptive management. Coastal zones face significant challenges, and CWAs have emerged as a resource to organize maps and geospatial data in support of education, exploration, and decision-making about coastal issues. Our research is motivated by the Wisconsin Coastal Atlas (https://www.wicoastalatlas.net/)—one of several U.S. state-based CWAs that are members of the broader International Coastal Atlas Network (ICAN: https://ican.iode.org/). Specifically, we conducted a needs assessment that bridges adaptive coastal management user needs with three tenets of interactive cartographic design relevant to CWAs: map representation, interaction, and usability. The needs assessment included two stages: a competitive analysis of 10 state CWAs and a user survey with stakeholders from those states about their experiences with and opinions on CWA design. In addition to characterizing design patterns and values, the needs assessment identified important gaps informing future CWAs, such as: inclusion of a wider range of thematic maps; provision of hybrid basemaps providing context about the land and water sides of the coastline; implementation of spatial calculations and temporal sequencing for analysis and exploration; use of story maps to support CWA learnability; improved responsiveness between mobile and non-mobile devices; and customization of advanced analytical tools that support decision making about the most pressing issues facing our coasts. This research serves coastal managers, planners, researchers, educators, outreach specialists, and related stakeholders who benefit from findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) data and effective decision tools to guide management of coastal resources.
{"title":"Design and Evaluation of Coastal Web Atlases: Best Practices and Future Opportunities for Map Representation, Interaction, and Usability","authors":"David A. Hart, Timothy J. Prestby, R. Roth","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2022.2126271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2022.2126271","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this article, we examine best practices and future opportunities for the design of coastal web atlases (CWAs) supporting adaptive management. Coastal zones face significant challenges, and CWAs have emerged as a resource to organize maps and geospatial data in support of education, exploration, and decision-making about coastal issues. Our research is motivated by the Wisconsin Coastal Atlas (https://www.wicoastalatlas.net/)—one of several U.S. state-based CWAs that are members of the broader International Coastal Atlas Network (ICAN: https://ican.iode.org/). Specifically, we conducted a needs assessment that bridges adaptive coastal management user needs with three tenets of interactive cartographic design relevant to CWAs: map representation, interaction, and usability. The needs assessment included two stages: a competitive analysis of 10 state CWAs and a user survey with stakeholders from those states about their experiences with and opinions on CWA design. In addition to characterizing design patterns and values, the needs assessment identified important gaps informing future CWAs, such as: inclusion of a wider range of thematic maps; provision of hybrid basemaps providing context about the land and water sides of the coastline; implementation of spatial calculations and temporal sequencing for analysis and exploration; use of story maps to support CWA learnability; improved responsiveness between mobile and non-mobile devices; and customization of advanced analytical tools that support decision making about the most pressing issues facing our coasts. This research serves coastal managers, planners, researchers, educators, outreach specialists, and related stakeholders who benefit from findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) data and effective decision tools to guide management of coastal resources.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"50 1","pages":"514 - 548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46538673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2022.2126262
Wen Wen, Krishna Samudera, L. Adrianto, G. Johnson, M. S. Brancato, Alan T. White
Abstract Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) is a modern scientific approach to balancing human activities both in space and time for achieving socio-economic and environmental targets through a public process. The adoption and application of the MSP approach have been proceeding in many developing countries like Indonesia to support the sustainable use of marine and coastal areas and to reduce conflicts for multiple uses of marine resources and areas. MSP also aims to reduce environmental impacts such as pollution, overfishing and illegal fishing, watershed-based pollution and coastal development impacts. Whilst the transition process from planning to implementation is an onerous mission, this paper aims to explain and learn from the process of Indonesian MSP development and propose a policy roadmap as an action plan for the national and provincial governments of Indonesia. Input for this paper was derived from a collaborative national symposium that involved 80 participants with international experts from U.S., Canada, and Australia, together with the Indonesian government, non-government sectors, and university representatives. The themes that emerged were: overcoming implementation challenges, engaging indigenous groups, zoning considerations, communicating with stakeholders, licensing and permits, collaborative enforcement, monitoring and evaluation, and land-sea cross-sectoral mechanisms. These themes were analyzed and discussed as the key instruments for a strategic approach in the operational base of MSP for Indonesia. Hindering factors to MSP implementation included data gaps, conflict of interest among stakeholders, and the complexity of the legalization process. It was agreed that committed leadership, stakeholder involvement and buy-in are essential to support effective implementation and a truly adaptive management approach for MSP in Indonesia.
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