Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2021.1967564
G. Gardner
Abstract Salt marshes provide a myriad of critical ecosystem services yet have been threatened by urban expansion, sea level rise, and the armoring of coastal property. This study uses a hedonic property price method to evaluate the effects of salt marshes on residential property values in the Eastern Shore of Virginia. Contrary to findings from the wetland literature, results show an insignificant relationship between proximity to salt marsh and residential property values. In contrast, results show a statistically significant increase in property values with increasing proportions of salt marsh within 250 to 500 meters of the parcel. Furthermore, the increase in value is found to be larger for proportions of preserved relative to non-preserved salt marsh in this proximity of the home. The findings of this study can contribute to understanding the spatial patterns for housing premiums stemming from salt marshes. The information can be used to guide coastal management agencies on how to conserve salt marshes in a way that promotes residential property values.
{"title":"The Effect of Salt Marsh on Residential Property Values","authors":"G. Gardner","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2021.1967564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2021.1967564","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Salt marshes provide a myriad of critical ecosystem services yet have been threatened by urban expansion, sea level rise, and the armoring of coastal property. This study uses a hedonic property price method to evaluate the effects of salt marshes on residential property values in the Eastern Shore of Virginia. Contrary to findings from the wetland literature, results show an insignificant relationship between proximity to salt marsh and residential property values. In contrast, results show a statistically significant increase in property values with increasing proportions of salt marsh within 250 to 500 meters of the parcel. Furthermore, the increase in value is found to be larger for proportions of preserved relative to non-preserved salt marsh in this proximity of the home. The findings of this study can contribute to understanding the spatial patterns for housing premiums stemming from salt marshes. The information can be used to guide coastal management agencies on how to conserve salt marshes in a way that promotes residential property values.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"49 1","pages":"662 - 681"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46660272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-29DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2021.1967562
Jones Abrefa Danquah, C. Roberts, M. Appiah
Abstract Fishing along Ghana’s coast is the main livelihood for local communities, and it contributes significantly to their incomes. Most of them get employment, food security, and access to better health care through fishing activities. However, the fishing industry has been saddled with many challenges in recent times, which has led to low landings. This study aimed to assess the causes and effects of the decline in fish landings on the livelihood of coastal communities in the Central Region of Ghana. The systematic sampling technique was used to randomly select 200 households from four communities. A questionnaire was designed to elicit information from fisherfolk based on Likert scale estimation. In addition, time-series data of fish landings and imports for 51 years (1976–2017) was used in the analysis. The results from the study indicate that fish landings are declining, and this is affecting the income levels of fisherfolk. However, the impact of income decline on the female fisherfolk is lower as compared to their male counterparts. To mitigate against dwindling incomes, the fisherfolk have adopted livelihood diversification coping strategies. The key livelihood options identified in the communities are masonry, trading, and commercial driving. The fisherfolk mentioned overfishing, pollution, use of smaller mesh size nets, and unapproved methods of fishing as drivers of decline in fish landings. This study recommends that mandated institutions with oversight responsibilities in the fishing industry should be strengthened to enable them to conduct their functions effectively, so, they halt the decline in fish catch.
{"title":"Effects of Decline in Fish Landings on the Livelihoods of Coastal Communities in Central Region of Ghana","authors":"Jones Abrefa Danquah, C. Roberts, M. Appiah","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2021.1967562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2021.1967562","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fishing along Ghana’s coast is the main livelihood for local communities, and it contributes significantly to their incomes. Most of them get employment, food security, and access to better health care through fishing activities. However, the fishing industry has been saddled with many challenges in recent times, which has led to low landings. This study aimed to assess the causes and effects of the decline in fish landings on the livelihood of coastal communities in the Central Region of Ghana. The systematic sampling technique was used to randomly select 200 households from four communities. A questionnaire was designed to elicit information from fisherfolk based on Likert scale estimation. In addition, time-series data of fish landings and imports for 51 years (1976–2017) was used in the analysis. The results from the study indicate that fish landings are declining, and this is affecting the income levels of fisherfolk. However, the impact of income decline on the female fisherfolk is lower as compared to their male counterparts. To mitigate against dwindling incomes, the fisherfolk have adopted livelihood diversification coping strategies. The key livelihood options identified in the communities are masonry, trading, and commercial driving. The fisherfolk mentioned overfishing, pollution, use of smaller mesh size nets, and unapproved methods of fishing as drivers of decline in fish landings. This study recommends that mandated institutions with oversight responsibilities in the fishing industry should be strengthened to enable them to conduct their functions effectively, so, they halt the decline in fish catch.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"49 1","pages":"617 - 635"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42029990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2021.1967559
Xiangxin Xu, G. Xue
Abstract The current transition period from exploration to exploitation in deep seabed mining (DSM) has witnessed efforts on the part of the international community to draft regulations for the exploitation of mineral resources in the Area. The production of the “Draft Exploitation Regulations” has been a priority theme in recent International Seabed Authority (ISA) sessions. Although discussion in reducing environmental impacts has been central to the progressive instrument, some liability gaps and approaches to close such gaps have not come up with desirable solutions. Against this background, the paper underscores the need for an Environmental Compensation Fund (the Fund) to bridge these gaps under the DSM regime. The paper argues that the three provisions about the Fund envisaged in the Draft Exploitation Regulations fall short of adequate deliberation and operational details. To bridge up the liability gaps, some critical issues in operating the Fund need to be carefully considered regarding the establishment, purpose, contributions, and claims for compensation. The paper suggests that the ISA may take the key elements of existing compensation funds, inter alia, the IOPC Funds to improve the operation and function of this Fund.
{"title":"The Environmental Compensation Fund: Bridging Liability Gaps in the Deep Seabed Mining Regime","authors":"Xiangxin Xu, G. Xue","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2021.1967559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2021.1967559","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The current transition period from exploration to exploitation in deep seabed mining (DSM) has witnessed efforts on the part of the international community to draft regulations for the exploitation of mineral resources in the Area. The production of the “Draft Exploitation Regulations” has been a priority theme in recent International Seabed Authority (ISA) sessions. Although discussion in reducing environmental impacts has been central to the progressive instrument, some liability gaps and approaches to close such gaps have not come up with desirable solutions. Against this background, the paper underscores the need for an Environmental Compensation Fund (the Fund) to bridge these gaps under the DSM regime. The paper argues that the three provisions about the Fund envisaged in the Draft Exploitation Regulations fall short of adequate deliberation and operational details. To bridge up the liability gaps, some critical issues in operating the Fund need to be carefully considered regarding the establishment, purpose, contributions, and claims for compensation. The paper suggests that the ISA may take the key elements of existing compensation funds, inter alia, the IOPC Funds to improve the operation and function of this Fund.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"49 1","pages":"557 - 574"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44293099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2021.1967563
D. Hirschfeld, Kristina E. Hill, E. Plane
Abstract Designers and engineers are developing proposals for physical projects to adapt coastal sites to future sea level rise related threats. This puts pressure on local and regional decision makers to develop strategic frameworks for prioritizing, permitting and funding such projects. However, no systematic evaluation tools exist for the full range of these innovative designs. We build on the literature to develop an evaluation framework that synthesizes two different approaches to categorize these proposals and provide insight for coastal managers and decision makers. We apply this framework to physical projects that address sea level rise in their design around the San Francisco Bay Area, a leading region in sea level rise adaptation. We find that these projects demonstrate a shift toward more habitat-focused strategies, which likely marks the beginning of a larger transformation of the coastal zone. According to our five-part evaluation tool, we also find that the projects’ scores have improved over time, indicating that state agency work may be helping communities implement more flexible adaptation initiatives. Despite these positive signs, we also find that none of the projects achieved high marks in all five of the evaluation criteria. This finding indicates that there is a critical need for improvement in physical planning for adaptation to higher sea levels and associated impacts. Most importantly, we find that an evaluation framework such as the one used here can provide critical insights into the likely risks and benefits of proposed adaptation projects and their long-term implications for coastal zones.
{"title":"Adapting to Sea Level Rise: Insights from a New Evaluation Framework of Physical Design Projects","authors":"D. Hirschfeld, Kristina E. Hill, E. Plane","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2021.1967563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2021.1967563","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Designers and engineers are developing proposals for physical projects to adapt coastal sites to future sea level rise related threats. This puts pressure on local and regional decision makers to develop strategic frameworks for prioritizing, permitting and funding such projects. However, no systematic evaluation tools exist for the full range of these innovative designs. We build on the literature to develop an evaluation framework that synthesizes two different approaches to categorize these proposals and provide insight for coastal managers and decision makers. We apply this framework to physical projects that address sea level rise in their design around the San Francisco Bay Area, a leading region in sea level rise adaptation. We find that these projects demonstrate a shift toward more habitat-focused strategies, which likely marks the beginning of a larger transformation of the coastal zone. According to our five-part evaluation tool, we also find that the projects’ scores have improved over time, indicating that state agency work may be helping communities implement more flexible adaptation initiatives. Despite these positive signs, we also find that none of the projects achieved high marks in all five of the evaluation criteria. This finding indicates that there is a critical need for improvement in physical planning for adaptation to higher sea levels and associated impacts. Most importantly, we find that an evaluation framework such as the one used here can provide critical insights into the likely risks and benefits of proposed adaptation projects and their long-term implications for coastal zones.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"49 1","pages":"636 - 661"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41833220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-19DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2021.1967561
Summer Locknick, C. Houser
Abstract Rip currents at beaches are a public health hazard, with the potential to have serious socio-economic impacts on coastal communities globally, particularly those that depend on tourists. The potential for drowning or rescue depends on a combination of physical and social factors, and this is the first study to examine the relationship amongst the presence and location of rips, beach user intentions and behavior, and the hazard level identified by the lifeguards. Results of a survey administered in the summer of 2019 at Cavendish Beach and Brackley Beaches along the north shore of Prince Edward Island (PEI), Canada, suggests that beach user intention and perception of the rip current hazard may not accurately reflect their actions. Despite being aware of beach hazards, most beach users and in particular the tourists to the area, did not observe beach warnings. Their activity on the beach also appears to be influenced by the design of the beach access and the presence of other beach users. Respondents who could not recall the hazard level defined by beach flags and signs on the boardwalk tended to sit further away from the access point and lifeguards. Most of the respondents were tourists who were at a higher risk of needing rescue or drowning caused by rip currents due to their lack of rip knowledge and familiarity with those beaches. It is argued that the potential for drownings and rescues can be mitigated through changes in the design of the beach access and the distribution of lifeguard resources, but further research into the correspondence of beach user perception, lifesaving strategies and rip currents is required.
{"title":"Correspondence of Beach User Perception, Lifesaving Strategies and Rip Currents: Implications for Beach Management","authors":"Summer Locknick, C. Houser","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2021.1967561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2021.1967561","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Rip currents at beaches are a public health hazard, with the potential to have serious socio-economic impacts on coastal communities globally, particularly those that depend on tourists. The potential for drowning or rescue depends on a combination of physical and social factors, and this is the first study to examine the relationship amongst the presence and location of rips, beach user intentions and behavior, and the hazard level identified by the lifeguards. Results of a survey administered in the summer of 2019 at Cavendish Beach and Brackley Beaches along the north shore of Prince Edward Island (PEI), Canada, suggests that beach user intention and perception of the rip current hazard may not accurately reflect their actions. Despite being aware of beach hazards, most beach users and in particular the tourists to the area, did not observe beach warnings. Their activity on the beach also appears to be influenced by the design of the beach access and the presence of other beach users. Respondents who could not recall the hazard level defined by beach flags and signs on the boardwalk tended to sit further away from the access point and lifeguards. Most of the respondents were tourists who were at a higher risk of needing rescue or drowning caused by rip currents due to their lack of rip knowledge and familiarity with those beaches. It is argued that the potential for drownings and rescues can be mitigated through changes in the design of the beach access and the distribution of lifeguard resources, but further research into the correspondence of beach user perception, lifesaving strategies and rip currents is required.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"49 1","pages":"598 - 616"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48188283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2021.1956853
Eric S. Laschever
This special issue of Coastal Management Journal is dedicated to Professor Benjamin Woods Labaree—one of the Sea’s Renaissance Men. The term “Renaissance” most commonly applies to the 14th century humanistic revival of classical art, architecture, literature, and learning that originated in Italy and over the next several centuries spread throughout Europe.1 When applied to an individual, a Renaissance man or woman, is “a person of broad talents and expertise” (think Michelangelo), in particular, “one straddling both humanist and technological concerns” (think Leonardo da Vinci).2 Such an individual is Professor Labaree. Labaree’s contributions to the maritime field began early, as a graduate student. Someone close to the Professor recounts, he then “debunked a previous theory about how the Greeks rowed their warships to overcome the currents through the Bosporus Straits into the Black Sea to establish trade.” Labaree realized the Greeks would not have used warships for trade and demonstrated using then-contemporary nautical almanac records to establish current speeds that under certain current and wind conditions, the Greeks’ merchant ships could make the passage.3 From 1962, when he published Patriots and Partisans through his and his co-authors’ 1998 treatise America and the sea: a maritime history, Labaree illuminated this country’s interwoven sea connections. In 1974, he became the Frank C. Munson Institute of American Maritime History’s Director where, in 1996, he co-led the National Endowment of the Humanities Summer Institute on America and the Sea. Over these two decades, he received numerous awards, including one from the North American Society for Oceanic History.4 “Renaissance” also connotes “a resurgence of excitement or interest in something.” In the 1970s, the world’s interest and excitement in the ocean and its resources surged. Internationally, nations convened under the United Nations’ auspices to negotiate a law of the sea treaty. At home, the U.S. enacted legislation to manage our fisheries and heavily used coastal zone. Riding this cresting tide, Labaree’s scholarship pivoted to all facets of the nation’s relationship to the sea by founding the Williams College-Mystic Seaport Program in Maritime Studies. At the seaport, he assembled scholars in maritime history, literature, policy, and science. Each semester, lucky students from many undergraduate institutions sat around the table absorbing tales of and lessons from the sea. In 2019, the National Maritime Historical Society awarded Williams-Mystic its Walter Cronkite Award for Excellence in Maritime Education. In bestowing the award, Burchenal Green—the Society’s President–praised the program “as the only undergraduate studies program examining the history, literature, policy and science of the sea, resulting in several thousand informed alumni prepared for societal leadership with a balanced understanding
《海岸管理杂志》的这期特刊是献给海洋文艺复兴时期的人物之一Benjamin Woods Labaree教授的。“文艺复兴”一词最常见于14世纪古典艺术、建筑、文学和学术的人文复兴，起源于意大利，在接下来的几个世纪里传播到整个欧洲。1当用于个人时，文艺复兴时期的男性或女性是“具有广泛才能和专业知识的人”（想想米开朗基罗），“一个横跨人文主义和技术问题的人”（想想达）。2这样的人就是Labaree教授。Labaree在海事领域的贡献很早就开始了，当时他还是一名研究生。一位与这位教授关系密切的人回忆道，他随后“揭穿了以前的一种理论，即希腊人是如何驾驶军舰克服流经博斯普鲁斯海峡的水流进入黑海建立贸易的。“Labaree意识到希腊人不会使用军舰进行贸易，并证明使用当时的航海年鉴记录来确定当前速度，即在特定的洋流和风力条件下，希腊人的商船可以通过。3从1962年开始，当他和合著者1998年的论文《美国与海洋：海洋史》发表《爱国者与游击队》时，Labaree阐明了这个国家交织在一起的海洋联系。1974年，他成为弗兰克·C·蒙森美国海事史研究所所长，1996年，他与人共同领导了美国国家人文基金会夏季美国与海洋研究所。在这二十年里，他获得了许多奖项，其中包括北美海洋史学会的一个奖项。4“文艺复兴”也意味着“对某种事物的兴奋或兴趣的复兴”。20世纪70年代，世界对海洋及其资源的兴趣和兴奋激增。在国际上，各国在联合国的主持下召开会议，就海洋法条约进行谈判。在国内，美国制定了立法来管理我们的渔业和大量使用的沿海地区。在这场高潮中，Labaree的学术研究转向了国家与海洋关系的各个方面，创立了威廉姆斯学院神秘海港海事研究项目。在海港，他召集了海事史、文学、政策和科学方面的学者。每学期，来自许多本科院校的幸运学生都会围坐在桌子旁，吸收关于大海的故事和教训。2019年，国家海事历史学会授予Williams Mystic Walter Cronkite海事教育卓越奖。学会主席伯切纳尔·格林在颁奖时称赞该项目“是唯一一个研究海洋历史、文学、政策和科学的本科生研究项目，培养了数千名见多识广的校友，他们对社会领导力有着平衡的理解
{"title":"Dedication: To Benjamin Labaree, the Sea’s Renaissance Man","authors":"Eric S. Laschever","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2021.1956853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2021.1956853","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue of Coastal Management Journal is dedicated to Professor Benjamin Woods Labaree—one of the Sea’s Renaissance Men. The term “Renaissance” most commonly applies to the 14th century humanistic revival of classical art, architecture, literature, and learning that originated in Italy and over the next several centuries spread throughout Europe.1 When applied to an individual, a Renaissance man or woman, is “a person of broad talents and expertise” (think Michelangelo), in particular, “one straddling both humanist and technological concerns” (think Leonardo da Vinci).2 Such an individual is Professor Labaree. Labaree’s contributions to the maritime field began early, as a graduate student. Someone close to the Professor recounts, he then “debunked a previous theory about how the Greeks rowed their warships to overcome the currents through the Bosporus Straits into the Black Sea to establish trade.” Labaree realized the Greeks would not have used warships for trade and demonstrated using then-contemporary nautical almanac records to establish current speeds that under certain current and wind conditions, the Greeks’ merchant ships could make the passage.3 From 1962, when he published Patriots and Partisans through his and his co-authors’ 1998 treatise America and the sea: a maritime history, Labaree illuminated this country’s interwoven sea connections. In 1974, he became the Frank C. Munson Institute of American Maritime History’s Director where, in 1996, he co-led the National Endowment of the Humanities Summer Institute on America and the Sea. Over these two decades, he received numerous awards, including one from the North American Society for Oceanic History.4 “Renaissance” also connotes “a resurgence of excitement or interest in something.” In the 1970s, the world’s interest and excitement in the ocean and its resources surged. Internationally, nations convened under the United Nations’ auspices to negotiate a law of the sea treaty. At home, the U.S. enacted legislation to manage our fisheries and heavily used coastal zone. Riding this cresting tide, Labaree’s scholarship pivoted to all facets of the nation’s relationship to the sea by founding the Williams College-Mystic Seaport Program in Maritime Studies. At the seaport, he assembled scholars in maritime history, literature, policy, and science. Each semester, lucky students from many undergraduate institutions sat around the table absorbing tales of and lessons from the sea. In 2019, the National Maritime Historical Society awarded Williams-Mystic its Walter Cronkite Award for Excellence in Maritime Education. In bestowing the award, Burchenal Green—the Society’s President–praised the program “as the only undergraduate studies program examining the history, literature, policy and science of the sea, resulting in several thousand informed alumni prepared for societal leadership with a balanced understanding","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"49 1","pages":"555 - 556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46136245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-04DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2021.1928457
Bernard Otinpong
Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate whether stakeholders’ understanding of natural resource decision-making was influenced by the form that visualization of environmental changes were presented, using Te Waihora/Lake Ellesmere, New Zealand as a case study. An interactive visualization (I-Vis) tool “ElleVis,” developed by (Otinpong 2013), shows the effects of different water levels on the flora and fauna living in and around the lake. An experimental design was used in which 40 stakeholders were randomly assigned to a presentation of this information using I-Vis or a non-interactive paper form of the visualization (NI-Vis). While stakeholders in both groups significantly improved their understanding of information, stakeholders presented with information using I-Vis made a statistically significant greater gain in understanding than those presented information using NI-Vis (t(38)=2.663, p<.05). Semi-structured discussions with participants confirmed the importance stakeholders placed on the interactive nature of the visualizations. The findings inform discussions about how I-Vis tools might contribute to an understanding of environmental management situations where contested resources and/or a multiplicity of interests are involved.
{"title":"The Role of Interactive Visualization in Developing Stakeholders’ Understanding of Natural Resource Decision-Making: A Case Study of Te Waihora/Lake Ellesmere, Canterbury, New Zealand","authors":"Bernard Otinpong","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2021.1928457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2021.1928457","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate whether stakeholders’ understanding of natural resource decision-making was influenced by the form that visualization of environmental changes were presented, using Te Waihora/Lake Ellesmere, New Zealand as a case study. An interactive visualization (I-Vis) tool “ElleVis,” developed by (Otinpong 2013), shows the effects of different water levels on the flora and fauna living in and around the lake. An experimental design was used in which 40 stakeholders were randomly assigned to a presentation of this information using I-Vis or a non-interactive paper form of the visualization (NI-Vis). While stakeholders in both groups significantly improved their understanding of information, stakeholders presented with information using I-Vis made a statistically significant greater gain in understanding than those presented information using NI-Vis (t(38)=2.663, p<.05). Semi-structured discussions with participants confirmed the importance stakeholders placed on the interactive nature of the visualizations. The findings inform discussions about how I-Vis tools might contribute to an understanding of environmental management situations where contested resources and/or a multiplicity of interests are involved.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"49 1","pages":"369 - 391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08920753.2021.1928457","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45048672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-04DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2021.1928456
L. Ernoul, A. Wardell-Johnson, R. Mathevet, A. Sandoz, O. Boutron, Loic Willm, S. Arnassant, A. Béchet
Abstract Integrated socio-ecological decision-making is important in improving legitimacy in management decisions through effective solutions that avert conflicts. This research examined social perceptions in landscape planning and management with regard to the Greater flamingo, a flagship species along the southern French Coast. A strategic delivery to a cross-section in a social catchment (n = 87) captured the perception and the recognition of management strategies through a survey questionnaire. Analysis was conducted through a multi-method approach, triangulating qualitative and quantitative results. Results show the importance of the attachment to flamingos in local landscapes. Knowledge on flamingo ecology was relatively high and participants perceived some of the regional management options to be unfavorable for flamingos. Participants identified threats to the species and expressed concern for the future of the flamingos, challenging the legitimacy of some landscape management decisions and planning policies. This research demonstrates the role of flagship species in stimulating reflection on landscape management, addressing both the ecological and human dimensions. Understanding social perceptions of biodiversity management objectives is fundamental for effective coastal conservation.
{"title":"Assessing Management Perceptions Linked to a Flagship Species: A New Approach to Increase Landscape Management Legitimacy and Support","authors":"L. Ernoul, A. Wardell-Johnson, R. Mathevet, A. Sandoz, O. Boutron, Loic Willm, S. Arnassant, A. Béchet","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2021.1928456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2021.1928456","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Integrated socio-ecological decision-making is important in improving legitimacy in management decisions through effective solutions that avert conflicts. This research examined social perceptions in landscape planning and management with regard to the Greater flamingo, a flagship species along the southern French Coast. A strategic delivery to a cross-section in a social catchment (n = 87) captured the perception and the recognition of management strategies through a survey questionnaire. Analysis was conducted through a multi-method approach, triangulating qualitative and quantitative results. Results show the importance of the attachment to flamingos in local landscapes. Knowledge on flamingo ecology was relatively high and participants perceived some of the regional management options to be unfavorable for flamingos. Participants identified threats to the species and expressed concern for the future of the flamingos, challenging the legitimacy of some landscape management decisions and planning policies. This research demonstrates the role of flagship species in stimulating reflection on landscape management, addressing both the ecological and human dimensions. Understanding social perceptions of biodiversity management objectives is fundamental for effective coastal conservation.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"49 1","pages":"356 - 368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08920753.2021.1928456","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46086430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-04DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2021.1928459
Klaas Willaert
Abstract Beyond the boundaries of national jurisdiction, the seabed and its mineral resources are governed by a comprehensive international regime, which determines by whom and under what conditions these natural resources can be exploited. However, the same mineral resources that deep sea mining actors are keen to exploit in the Area, are also available within zones falling under the exclusive jurisdiction of coastal states. So even if strict rules and precise standards would be enforced with regard to seabed mining operations in the Area, similar activities within a coastal state’s national jurisdiction remain unchecked by international law. Therefore, the question can be raised whether this might lead to substandard exploitation of the minerals of the seabed without adequate supervision? This article tests this assumption in a detailed case study of the relevant legislation of the Cook Islands, comprising the 2017 Marae Moana Act and the 2019 Cook Islands Seabed Minerals Act. Following a concise analysis of the competences of coastal states on their continental shelf, the domestic laws of the Cook Islands are critically compared with the international legal framework governing the Area, to assess whether they contain equivalent rules, mechanisms and safeguards.
{"title":"Seabed Mining within National Jurisdiction: An Assessment of the Relevant Legislation of the Cook Islands","authors":"Klaas Willaert","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2021.1928459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2021.1928459","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Beyond the boundaries of national jurisdiction, the seabed and its mineral resources are governed by a comprehensive international regime, which determines by whom and under what conditions these natural resources can be exploited. However, the same mineral resources that deep sea mining actors are keen to exploit in the Area, are also available within zones falling under the exclusive jurisdiction of coastal states. So even if strict rules and precise standards would be enforced with regard to seabed mining operations in the Area, similar activities within a coastal state’s national jurisdiction remain unchecked by international law. Therefore, the question can be raised whether this might lead to substandard exploitation of the minerals of the seabed without adequate supervision? This article tests this assumption in a detailed case study of the relevant legislation of the Cook Islands, comprising the 2017 Marae Moana Act and the 2019 Cook Islands Seabed Minerals Act. Following a concise analysis of the competences of coastal states on their continental shelf, the domestic laws of the Cook Islands are critically compared with the international legal framework governing the Area, to assess whether they contain equivalent rules, mechanisms and safeguards.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"49 1","pages":"413 - 430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08920753.2021.1928459","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48915535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-04DOI: 10.1080/08920753.2021.1928458
E. Mazúr, Shelby Walker, C. Don, Flaxen D. L. Conway
Abstract Research across natural resource management disciplines has identified an implementation gap between researchers and managers, where institutional norms and practices limit integration of novel data and observations into decision-making. This gap has largely been addressed using one-way science communication tools such as publications and conference presentations. While these tools can be designed and delivered effectively, mounting evidence suggests two-way communication builds more trust, enhances engagement, and may lead to more active use of scientific information in decision-making. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Western Regional Collaboration Team’s West Watch webinar is a one-way communication tool that shares information about climate, weather, and ocean condition anomalies to an internal audience of NOAA experts and key partners. NOAA is interested in expanding this tool to improve information accessibility and use by communities of interest that NOAA serves. This research uses a mixed-methods approach to evaluate how West Watch could change to function as a two-way communication tool, facilitating bilateral information movement between research presenters and the audience. Research results, supported by literature, inform five best practices and recommendations for changes to West Watch, as well as the design and implementation of future science communication tools.
{"title":"Designing and Delivering Webinars to Improve Science Communication and Engagement between Environmental Researchers and Natural Resource Practitioners","authors":"E. Mazúr, Shelby Walker, C. Don, Flaxen D. L. Conway","doi":"10.1080/08920753.2021.1928458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08920753.2021.1928458","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research across natural resource management disciplines has identified an implementation gap between researchers and managers, where institutional norms and practices limit integration of novel data and observations into decision-making. This gap has largely been addressed using one-way science communication tools such as publications and conference presentations. While these tools can be designed and delivered effectively, mounting evidence suggests two-way communication builds more trust, enhances engagement, and may lead to more active use of scientific information in decision-making. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Western Regional Collaboration Team’s West Watch webinar is a one-way communication tool that shares information about climate, weather, and ocean condition anomalies to an internal audience of NOAA experts and key partners. NOAA is interested in expanding this tool to improve information accessibility and use by communities of interest that NOAA serves. This research uses a mixed-methods approach to evaluate how West Watch could change to function as a two-way communication tool, facilitating bilateral information movement between research presenters and the audience. Research results, supported by literature, inform five best practices and recommendations for changes to West Watch, as well as the design and implementation of future science communication tools.","PeriodicalId":50995,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Management","volume":"49 1","pages":"392 - 412"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08920753.2021.1928458","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42176422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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