Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Comparative efficacy of recombinant VP6 protein based in-house Latex Agglutination test with other diagnostic assays for detection of Rotavirus A from calves, piglets and children” [Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 119 (2025) 102336]","authors":"Bilal Ahmad Malla , Zunjar Baburao Dubal , Ajay Kumar , Obli Rajendran VinodhKumar , Aquil Mohmad , Pashupathi Mani , Kaushal Kishor Rajak , Kiran Narayan Bhilegaonkar","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102339","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of stray animal populations on public health in Naples, Italy: A preliminary study on antimicrobial resistance on the road","authors":"Francesca Paola Nocera ,&nbsp;Sinem Arslan ,&nbsp;Rossana Schena ,&nbsp;Francesca Pizzano ,&nbsp;Fatima Mourabiti ,&nbsp;Silvia Cappiello ,&nbsp;Cristina Di Palma ,&nbsp;Barbara Lamagna ,&nbsp;Marina Pompameo ,&nbsp;Luisa De Martino","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rise of antimicrobial resistance poses a significant public health challenge, with an increasing number of organisms developing resistance to many antimicrobial agents used to treat infections in humans and animals. This study investigated the role of stray dogs and cats as sentinel animals in the urban environment. Therefore, the sampling of healthy skin was performed to isolate bacterial species present and assess their antimicrobial resistance profile. A total of 690 swabs were collected, comprising 351 cutaneous swabs from dogs and 339 from cats. A total of 770 strains were identified, including 381 Gram-positive bacteria (94 %) and 19 Gram-negative bacteria (6 %) from dogs, and 355 Gram-positive bacteria (97 %) and 11 Gram-negative bacteria (3 %) from cats. In dogs, <em>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</em> was the most frequently isolated Gram-positive bacterium, with 53 strains identified. Meanwhile, in cats, coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most common, with <em>Staphylococcus felis</em> being the predominant species, represented by 50 strains. Among the isolated Gram-negative bacteria in both animal species, <em>E. coli</em> was predominant. Among the recovered Gram-positive bacteria, multidrug resistance was observed in 105 out of 129 (81.4 %) canine isolates and 87 out of 143 (60.8 %) feline isolates. Additionally, phenotypic resistance to penicillin, oxacillin, and cefoxitin in 42 out of 53 (79.2 %) <em>S. pseudintermedius</em> strains and 8 out of 50 (16.0 %) <em>S. felis</em> strains was identified, suggesting the presence of the methicillin resistance gene. The above findings underscore the need for stricter monitoring of antibiotic resistance specifically in stray dogs and cats which can act as reservoirs for resistant bacteria.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative global epidemiology and species distribution of Sarcocystis spp. in new and old world camelids: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Reza Ataee Disfani ,&nbsp;Ali Asghari ,&nbsp;Ali Pouryousef ,&nbsp;Laya Shamsi ,&nbsp;Amir Farzam ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ghafari-Cherati ,&nbsp;Behzad Bijani ,&nbsp;Farajolah Maleki","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the global prevalence, species diversity, and geographical distribution of <em>Sarcocystis</em> spp. in Old World Camelids (OWCs) and New World Camelids (NWCs). A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, covering studies up to December 22, 2024. The analysis included 36 studies (28 on OWCs and 8 on NWCs), comprising data from 5942 camelids (4850 OWCs and 1092 NWCs) across 13 countries in three continents. A random-effects model was used to estimate pooled prevalence rates, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic. The overall prevalence of <em>Sarcocystis</em> spp. in camelids was 57.7 % (95 % CI: 49.4–65.6 %). NWCs exhibited a significantly higher pooled prevalence (77.6 %, 95 % CI: 55–90.8 %) compared to OWCs (55.1 %, 95 % CI: 46.4–63.6 %). The highest regional pooled prevalence was observed in South America (82.3 %), particularly in the WHO AMR region (82.3 %), with Peru reporting the highest pooled prevalence at 99.3 %. The oesophagus was the most frequently infected tissue. Four valid <em>Sarcocystis</em> species were identified in camelids: <em>S. cameli</em> and <em>S. ippeni</em> in OWCs, and <em>S. aucheniae</em> and <em>S. masoni</em> in NWCs. Many positive samples were classified only as <em>Sarcocystis</em> spp. Although none of these species poses a zoonotic risk, some like <em>S. cameli</em> and <em>S. aucheniae</em> are particularly significant due to their economic and veterinary impact on camelids. Their ability to form macroscopic cysts can negatively affect meat quality, leading to considerable economic losses in the camel industry. Targeted surveillance and control measures are recommended, particularly in high-prevalence regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, risk factors, and phylogeny of Toxascaris leonina in stray dogs and cats in Tashkent region, Uzbekistan, with a note on co-infection with Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati","authors":"Alisher Safarov ,&nbsp;Djalaliddin Azimov ,&nbsp;Nozima Mukhitdinova ,&nbsp;Haqqul Abdukholikov ,&nbsp;Firuza Akramova ,&nbsp;Abdurakhim Kuchboev ,&nbsp;Adolat Mirzaeva ,&nbsp;Hanène Belkahia ,&nbsp;Mourad Ben Said","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Toxascaris leonina</em> is a significant parasitic agent, affecting domestic carnivores, with implications for public health. This study investigates the prevalence, risk factors, and phylogenetic relationships of <em>T. leonina</em> in stray dogs and cats in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, while also examining co-infection rates with <em>Toxocara canis</em> and <em>Toxocara cati</em>. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Tashkent Region of Uzbekistan, focusing on stray dogs and cats. From February 2023 to September 2024, 180 dog and 84 cat necropsies were collected for analysis. Parasitological examinations were performed to identify <em>T. leonina</em>, <em>T. canis</em>, and <em>T. cati</em>. Epidemiological data, including species, sex, age group, and collection location, were recorded. Molecular analysis was conducted on selected <em>T. leonina</em> specimens to assess genetic variations, and a phylogenetic analysis was performed. The study revealed a high prevalence of <em>T. leonina</em> in stray dogs (95 %) and cats (63.1 %), with significantly different co-infection patterns identified: 78.89 % of dogs were co-infected with <em>T. canis</em>, while 28.57 % of cats had co-infections with <em>T. cati</em>. Notably, in dogs, the infection rate of <em>T. leonina</em> among different age groups was statistically significant. Genetic analysis revealed 100 % nucleotide identity among local <em>T. leonina</em> isolates. The phylogenetic analysis indicated four distinct clusters within the <em>T. leonina</em> group, with our isolates exclusively forming a cluster, which is genetically close to an isolate infecting a dog from Australia. The findings highlight the urgent need for monitoring and control strategies for <em>T. leonina</em> and its co-infections in stray carnivores in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Understanding the genetic diversity and risk factors associated with these infections will aid in developing effective public health interventions and inform future research in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102343"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasmid mediated colistin resistance in ESBL producing Enterobacterales based on both phenotypic and molecular analysis in companion and farm animals from Algeria","authors":"Manel Merradi ,&nbsp;Fatma Zohra Chebaani ,&nbsp;Nouzha Heleili ,&nbsp;Maria V. Alvanou ,&nbsp;Ioannis A. Giantsis","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The third-generation cephalosporin (3GC)-resistant <em>Enterobacterales</em> strains have been detected worldwide in humans and animals. Hence, in this study, we evaluated the prevalence and genetic characteristics of 3GC-resistant <em>Enterobacterales</em> in animals and their environment from Algeria, a country that combines traditional farming techniques with current efforts of veterinary development. Rectal samples were collected from 126 healthy livestock, poultry, pets and environment surfaces between 2022 and 2023. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to Kirby-Bauer method and genes associated with resistance in 3GC-resistant isolates were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing. Biofilm formation was assessed using the red Congo agar and tube methods with molecular study of biofilm genes. We obtained 49 non-duplicated 3GC-resistant <em>Enterobacterales</em>. Different species was isolated and the predominant ones were <em>Escherichia coli</em> 32,65 % (16/49) and <em>Entrobacter cloacae</em> 26,53 % (13/49). ESBL phenotype was detected in 46 strains. ESBL genes were <em>bla</em>_<em>TEM</em>, <em>bla</em>_<em>OXA</em>, <em>bla</em>_{<em>CTX-Mg2</em>}, <em>bla</em>_<em>SHV</em> and <em>bla</em>_{<em>CTX-Mg1</em>}<em>.</em> The combination of <em>bla</em>_<em>TEM</em> and <em>bla</em>_<em>OXA</em> was present in 25 isolates, <em>bla</em>_<em>OXA</em> in 15 isolates, both <em>bla</em>_<em>TEM</em> and the combination of <em>bla</em>_<em>TEM</em>+<em>bla</em>_<em>OXA</em>+<em>bla</em>_{<em>CTX-Mg1</em>} in 2 isolates, <em>bla</em>_<em>TEM</em>+<em>bla</em>_<em>OXA</em>+<em>bla</em>_{<em>CTX-Mg2</em>} and <em>bla</em>_<em>OXA</em>+<em>bla</em>_<em>SHV</em>+ <em>bla</em>_{<em>CTX-Mg1</em>} were detected in one isolate. Two colistin resistant strains harbored <em>mcr-1 gene and</em> co-expressing <em>bla</em>_<em>TEM</em>+<em>bla</em>_<em>OXA</em> ESBL were isolated. Biofilm production was 18,37 % according to Red Congo agar method and 20,41 % in tube method<strong>.</strong> Biofilm genes c<em>sgA</em> and <em>bssb</em> were detected in 20 isolates. Our study findings indicated that <em>bla</em>_<em>TEM</em>+<em>bla</em>_<em>OXA</em> is predominant in the 3GC resistant strains with the presence of <em>mcr-1</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102342"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular prevalence and genetic diversity of Hepatozoon canis in Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. and Hyalomma anatolicum infesting dogs","authors":"Hafiza Amna Bilal ,&nbsp;Madiha Rasool ,&nbsp;Arfa Bibi ,&nbsp;Hira Muqaddas ,&nbsp;Iqra Majeed ,&nbsp;Muhammad Farooq ,&nbsp;Kasim Sakran Abass ,&nbsp;Samir Ibenmoussa ,&nbsp;Turki M. Dawoud ,&nbsp;Shakir Ullah ,&nbsp;Adil Khan ,&nbsp;Furhan Iqbal","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Hepatozoon canis</em> is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite that is transmitted to canids and by hard ticks belonging to <em>Rhipicephalus</em> and <em>Amblyomma</em> genera. Dogs are more exposed to the vectors and vector borne diseases due to their outdoor activities and closer proximity to the environment they are more exposed to the environment. The present study was aimed to report the molecular prevalence of <em>Hepatozoon canis</em> in the DNA of <em>Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l.</em> (n = 88) and <em>Hyalomma anatolicum</em> (n = 16) that were infesting dogs in two provinces of Pakistan. Genetic diversity of the parasite and risk factors associated with the infection were also determined. A total of 104 ticks were collected from six districts: Dera Ghazi Khan (47 %), Upper Dir (n = 10), Swat (n = 10), Buner (n = 13), Peshawar (n = 13) and Kohat (n = 11). Overall, PCR amplified a 460–520 base pair amplicon from the 18S rRNA gene of <em>Hepatozoon canis</em> in 18 out of 104 (17 %) screened ticks. Specifically, 19 % of <em>Hyalomma anatolicum</em> and 17 % of <em>Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l.</em> were infected. Subsequent Sanger sequencing followed by the BLAST analysis confirmed the presence of the parasite<em>.</em> Partial 18S rRNA gene based phylogenetic analysis revealed that sequences generated in this study were genetically diverse and they were clustered with the 18S rRNA gene sequences reported from various animals in Hungry, Iran, Venezuela, Romania, Spain, Italy India, Israel, Taiwan and Czech Republic. Prevalence of <em>Hepatozoon canis</em> was not limited to a particular tick species or their sex, feeding or developmental stages. Parasite prevalence also varied non significantly between the breed of the host dogs. In conclusion, we are reporting the presence of <em>Hepatozoon canis</em> in <em>Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l.</em> and <em>Hyalomma anatolicum</em> infesting dogs in two provinces of Pakistan confirming the endemic nature of this parasitic infection. This study will add to the existing information regarding <em>Hepatozoon canis</em> prevalence in hard ticks from Pakistan and will assist in planning and implementation of canine vector borne disease control in Pakistan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143844097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA damage induced by parasitic infections in humans and animals","authors":"Milan Rajković ,&nbsp;Gunita Deksne ,&nbsp;Lada Živković ,&nbsp;Elina Leonova ,&nbsp;Biljana Spremo-Potparević ,&nbsp;Nikolajs Sjakste","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pathologies caused by parasitic infections, including protozoans and helminths remain a burden for healthcare in many countries. The DNA damage is produced by numerous parasites, both protozoans and helminths. However, the exact number of cancer-causing parasites and their role in neoplasma formation is still undetermined. The progression and dynamics of parasitic infections are significantly influenced by endogenously induced increase in oxidative stress (OS). Increased ROS production undermines antioxidant defense mechanisms by disrupting the balance between prooxidants and antioxidants, causing structural damage to important biomolecules, including host DNA. The generation of DNA damage possibly leads to the progression of carcinogenesis. However, direct DNA damage by parasites, eggs and factors released by parasites is also possible, and it leads to genomic instability that is a hallmark of most human and animal cancers. Understanding the way parasites induce DNA damage in the hosts may be helpful in the control of parasitic infections and the prevention of parasite-induced malignancies, ultimately benefiting the health of humans and animals. This review article offers an updated overview of parasitic infection-induced DNA damage mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143824691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative efficacy of recombinant VP6 protein based in-house Latex Agglutination test with other diagnostic assays for detection of Rotavirus A from calves, piglets and children","authors":"Bilal Ahmad Malla ,&nbsp;Zunjar Baburao Dubal ,&nbsp;Ajay Kumar ,&nbsp;Obli Rajendran Vinodh Kumar ,&nbsp;Aquil Mohmad ,&nbsp;Pashupathi Mani ,&nbsp;Kaushal Kishor Rajak ,&nbsp;Kiran Narayan Bhilegaonkar","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, VP6 protein of rotavirus A (RVA) was expressed in the prokaryotic system for the development of indigenous Latex Agglutination Test for diagnosis of RVA gastroenteritis in animals. Polyclonal anti-rVP6 IgG were raised in rabbits; purified and conjugated to carboxylated beads via covalent coupling for development of in-house LAT. Clinical utility of in-house developed LAT was evaluated on 313 stool samples collected from calves, children and piglets of Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. In-house LAT yielded consistent results at weekly intervals for 2 months. Best visual perception of agglutination was observed when 5 μL beads coupled with 200 μg anti-rVP6 IgG and 10 μL of antigen reacted within reaction time of 2 minutes. Relative sensitivity and specificity of in-house LAT w.r.t RT-PCR was 65.45 % and 95.73 %, respectively; w.r.t commercial LFA was 75.55 % and 95.14 %, respectively and w.r.t RNA-PAGE was 70.27 % and 92.39 %, respectively. The kappa agreement between LAT and RT-PCR was 0.65 (substantial); between LAT and LFA was 0.7 (substantial) and between LAT and RNA-PAGE was 0.56 (moderate). Overall RVA stool positivity from children, calves and piglets with 4 assays was found to be 40 % (40/100), 9 % (9/100) and 16.81 % (19/113), respectively. Higher positivity was recorded in male (45.90 %, 28/61) than in female (30.76 %, 12/39) children. Developed LAT has fulfilled the WHO criteria for point-of-care testing with satisfactory efficacy for detection of RVA. This may serve as a preliminary assay for epidemiological surveillance of RVA antigen in determining rotavirus outbreaks in animal herds under resource-poor settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the epidemiology of calicivirus infection of cats using molecular and virus isolation techniques","authors":"Gulizar Acar ,&nbsp;Seval Bi̇lge-Dagalp","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Feline calicivirus (FCV) an important and widely detected upper respiratory system agent in cats. Being genetically diverse, FCV can cause different symptoms, such as pneumonia, oral lesions, conjunctivitis, arthritis, and, recently, virulent systemic disease. The present study first determined the presence/prevalence of FCV infection in sampled vaccinated/unvaccinated cats with suspected FCV and/or clinically healthy. Second, it compared PCR and virus isolation (VI) in detecting FCV in these cats. It also aimed to diagnose FCV, and evaluate the advantages/disadvantages of the region and primers used for PCR. Third, it genetically characterized the FCV strains, targeting the VP1 (A-B and E) gene region. A total of 331 diagnostic materials (conjunctival, nasal, oropharyngeal swab samples, and EDTA-containing blood samples) were obtained from 107 cats and checked using PCR and VI. Including both tests, the overall FCV positivity rate was 43.93 % (47/107). The FCV positivity rate was 35.99 % (21/59)/53.33 % (24/45) in vaccinated/unvaccinated and 58.06 % (18/31)/38.16 % (29/76) in clinically infected/clinically healthy cats, respectively. As a result of direct nested RT-PCR, FCV positivity was detected in 23.08 % of oropharyngeal swabs, 15.24 % of nasal swabs and 14.02 % of conjunctival swabs based on diagnostic material. FCV was also detected in 19.63 % (21/107) of the cats after virus isolation. Those samples that were FCV positive for VP1 A-B and VP1 E were subjected to sequence and phylogenetic analysis. Regarding many of the detected viruses were similar to the viruses in Genogroup I, while two viruses (ANK111OSW and ANK113OSW) were phylogenetically similar to both Genogroup I and Genogroup II at the same rate (74.30 %). The findings indicate a, higher overall FCV detection rate than in previous studies in Türkiye. Molecular diagnostic methods are not always sufficient for diagnosing infection due to FCV’s genetic diversity from mutation and, recombination. Hence, including VI techniques in FCV evaluation will help prevent false negative results. Furthermore, testing oropharyngeal, nasal and conjunctival swabs together for FCV is believed to provide more accurate results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Staphylococcus spp. and methicillin-resistance gene mecA dispersion in seawater: A case study of Guanabara Bay's recreational and touristic waters","authors":"Lucas Cecílio Vilar ,&nbsp;Antônio Carlos Silva Rego ,&nbsp;Marco Antônio Lemos Miguel ,&nbsp;Rodolfo Pinheiro da Rocha Paranhos ,&nbsp;Marinella Silva Laport ,&nbsp;Ciro César Rossi ,&nbsp;Marcia Giambiagi-deMarval","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental <em>Staphylococci</em>, particularly coagulase-negative <em>Staphylococci</em> (CoNS), are known reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes and human-animal opportunistic pathogens, yet their role within the One Health framework remains underexplored. In this study, we isolated 12 species of CoNS from two sites 10 km apart in Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, with the most frequent species being the opportunistic <em>Staphylococcus saprophyticus</em> (30.3 %), <em>Staphylococcus warneri</em> (25.7 %), and <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em> (16.7 %). GTG₅-PCR fingerprinting revealed significant genetic diversity, yet identical profiles persisted across both sites throughout the year, indicating strain dispersion and persistence. Among the 66 strains analyzed, 42 exhibited resistance to clinically significant antimicrobials, including methicillin-resistant strains harboring the <em>mecA</em> gene. Remarkably, 22.7 % of the strains carried CRISPR-Cas systems, a frequency unusually high for <em>Staphylococcus</em> spp., suggesting that bacteriophage pressure in the seawater environment may drive this increase. The presence of antimicrobial-resistant CoNS in Guanabara Bay, a popular recreational area, represents a potential public health risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 102326"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}