Endeavour最新文献

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IF 0.5 4区哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Endeavour

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 0.5 4区哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Endeavour

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 0.5 4区哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Endeavour

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 0.5 4区哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Endeavour

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 0.5 4区哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Endeavour

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 0.5 4区哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Endeavour

Pub Date : 2025-01-01

引用次数: 0

IF 0.5 4区哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Endeavour

Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100977

Jong Hyun Jung

引用次数: 0

Who’s that lady? — Applying open source intelligence in a history context 那位女士是谁？-在历史背景下应用开源智能。

IF 0.5 4区哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Endeavour

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100967

J. Dane , C. Verhoef

During a network analysis of the Dutch astronomer and psychologist Rebekka Aleida Biegel (1886–1943), we stumbled upon an often investigated group photo that most likely shows two of her close friends and a third woman posing with Albert Einstein among others in a chemistry laboratory in Zurich while having a tea party. Using data from the Dark Web, face recognition, open source intelligence (OSINT) tools, and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, we found in total four group portraits of this gathering and were able to determine the true identities of the three women, as well as one of the unknown men in one of the photos, with a very high degree of certainty. Moreover, we determined the exact day and time the photographs were taken: June 30, 1913 around 4:30 PM. After more than a century, the many riddles surrounding these group photos have been solved. By resolving the many questions regarding the (material) historical context of this iconic photograph of Einstein, three years before he published his theory of relativity, new light has been shed on one of the most exciting periods in the history of science. Our innovative research methodology—including AI, Dark Web, and OSINT—enabled us to reconstruct elements of the past of these totally forgotten and heavily marginalized women from many and diverse scattered and unassuming sources and revealed that their place in the history of physics is even more significant than thought. They, too, were part of Einstein’s huge sounding board in the form of his weekly colloquium and had precise astrophysical calculations to add; an indispensible ingredient for proving Einstein’s theory of relativity.

在对荷兰天文学家和心理学家丽贝卡·阿莱达·比格尔（1886-1943）的网络分析中，我们偶然发现了一张经常被调查的合影，很可能是她的两个亲密朋友和第三个女人在苏黎世的一个化学实验室里与阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦等人一起举行茶会。利用来自暗网、人脸识别、开源智能（OSINT）工具和人工智能（AI）技术的数据，我们发现了这次聚会的四张集体肖像，并能够确定三名女性的真实身份，以及其中一张照片中一名不知名男子的身份，这是非常高的确定性。此外，我们确定了照片拍摄的确切日期和时间：1913年6月30日下午4:30左右。一个多世纪后，围绕着这些集体照片的许多谜团已经解开。在爱因斯坦发表相对论的三年前，通过解决关于爱因斯坦这张标志性照片的（物质）历史背景的许多问题，人们对科学史上最激动人心的时期之一有了新的认识。我们创新的研究方法——包括人工智能、暗网和osint——使我们能够从许多不同的分散和不起眼的来源中重建这些完全被遗忘和严重边缘化的女性的过去元素，并揭示她们在物理学史上的地位甚至比想象的更重要。他们也是爱因斯坦每周学术讨论会中庞大的传声筒的一部分，并且有精确的天体物理学计算需要补充；是证明爱因斯坦相对论不可或缺的因素

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引用次数: 0

Colonial cultures of vision: How to locate a diamond in a human body 殖民文化的视觉：如何在人体中定位钻石

IF 0.5 4区哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Endeavour

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100965

Maria Rentetzi

引用次数: 0

Women’s education and career development in agriculture in Russia in the early twentieth century 20世纪初俄罗斯妇女在农业领域的教育与职业发展。

IF 0.5 4区哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Endeavour

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100966

Olga Yu. Elina

In 1903, a female student named Zhozefina Kossko-Sudakevich was officially accepted into the Moscow Agricultural Institute, marking the first instance of such admission in the history of the Russian Empire. In 1909, she achieved another historic milestone by becoming the first Russian woman to graduate in agronomy.

Since the late nineteenth century, there have been many within Russian society who have advocated for increased opportunities in higher agricultural education for women. Nonetheless, breaking the stereotype of agronomy as an exclusively male occupation was a formidable challenge. To seek a degree in agriculture, Russian women had to go to Western Europe where agricultural education was more frequently extended to female students.

This paper focuses on the motivations and obstacles facing women entering the fields of agriculture and horticulture in Russia. Despite the prevailing model of higher education in the Russian Empire being a predominantly state-led institution, broader public initiatives aimed at providing higher education to women proved to be of no lesser value. In this context, I review the impact of the Society for the Advancement of Women’s Agricultural Education (1899) on actualizing the discourse of female education and launching a chain of non-governmental schools for women. As an example of such an initiative, I analyze the Golitsyn Higher Agricultural Women’s Courses (1908) in terms of this institution’s ideology and curriculum, and its students’ social composition and professional development after graduation.

1903年，一位名叫zhzefina Kossko-Sudakevich的女学生正式被莫斯科农业学院录取，这是俄罗斯帝国历史上第一次这样的录取。1909年，她成为第一个毕业于农学专业的俄罗斯女性，实现了另一个历史性的里程碑。自19世纪后期以来，俄罗斯社会中有许多人主张增加妇女接受高等农业教育的机会。尽管如此，打破农学是男性专属职业的刻板印象是一项艰巨的挑战。为了获得农业学位，俄罗斯妇女不得不去西欧，那里的农业教育更多地面向女学生。本文主要研究俄罗斯妇女进入农业和园艺领域的动机和障碍。尽管俄罗斯帝国高等教育的主要模式是国家主导的机构，但旨在为妇女提供高等教育的更广泛的公共倡议证明了同样重要的价值。在此背景下，我回顾了妇女农业教育促进会（Society for the Advancement for the Women’s Agricultural Education, 1899）在实现女性教育话语和启动一系列非政府女性学校方面的影响。本文以Golitsyn高等农业妇女课程（1908）为例，分析了该机构的思想和课程，以及学生毕业后的社会构成和专业发展。

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