首页 > 最新文献

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience最新文献

英文 中文
Transcranial Direct-current Stimulation of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Modulates Voluntary Task-order Coordination in Dual-task Situations. 经颅直流电刺激背外侧前额叶皮层可调节双任务情况下的自主任务顺序协调性
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02270
Sebastian Kübler, Leif Langsdorf, Marlene Meyer, Torsten Schubert

Dual tasks (DTs) require additional control processes that temporally coordinate the processing of the two component tasks. Previous studies employing imaging as well as noninvasive stimulation techniques have demonstrated that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is causally involved in these task-order coordination processes. However, in these studies, participants were instructed to match their processing order to an externally provided and mandatory order criterion during DT processing. Hence, it is still unknown whether the dlPFC is also recruited for rather voluntary order control processes, which are required in situations that allow for intentional and internally generated order choices. To address this issue, in two experiments, we applied anodal (Experiment 1) and cathodal (Experiment 2) transcranial direct-current stimulation during a random-order DT in which participants could freely decide about their order of task processing. In our results, we found facilitatory and inhibitory effects on voluntary task-order coordination because of anodal and cathodal transcranial direct-current stimulation, respectively. This was indicated by shorter RTs when participants intentionally switched the task order relative to the preceding trial during anodal as well as a reduced tendency to switch the task order relative to the preceding trial during cathodal stimulation compared with the sham stimulation. Overall, these findings indicate that the dlPFC is also causally involved in voluntary task-order coordination processes. In particular, we argue that the dlPFC is recruited for intentionally updating and implementing task-order information that is necessary for scheduling the processing of two temporally overlapping tasks.

双重任务(DT)需要额外的控制过程来在时间上协调两个任务的处理过程。之前采用成像和非侵入性刺激技术进行的研究表明,背外侧前额叶皮层(dlPFC)与这些任务顺序协调过程有因果关系。然而,在这些研究中,参与者被要求在 DT 处理过程中使其处理顺序与外部提供的强制性顺序标准相匹配。因此,dlPFC 是否也会被招募用于自愿的顺序控制过程,这一点还不得而知,因为在允许有意和内部生成的顺序选择的情况下,这些过程是必需的。为了解决这个问题,我们在两个实验中,分别对随机顺序 DT 进行了阳极(实验 1)和阴极(实验 2)经颅直流电刺激,让参与者自由决定任务处理的顺序。在我们的研究结果中,我们发现阳极和阴极经颅直流电刺激分别对自主任务顺序协调产生了促进和抑制作用。这表现在,与假刺激相比,在阳极刺激时,参与者有意切换任务顺序与前一试验的相对时间更短,而在阴极刺激时,切换任务顺序与前一试验的相对时间更短。总之,这些发现表明,dlPFC 也因果地参与了自愿任务顺序协调过程。特别是,我们认为 dlPFC 被招募用于有意更新和执行任务顺序信息,而这些信息对于安排两个时间上重叠的任务的处理是必要的。
{"title":"Transcranial Direct-current Stimulation of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Modulates Voluntary Task-order Coordination in Dual-task Situations.","authors":"Sebastian Kübler, Leif Langsdorf, Marlene Meyer, Torsten Schubert","doi":"10.1162/jocn_a_02270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_02270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dual tasks (DTs) require additional control processes that temporally coordinate the processing of the two component tasks. Previous studies employing imaging as well as noninvasive stimulation techniques have demonstrated that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is causally involved in these task-order coordination processes. However, in these studies, participants were instructed to match their processing order to an externally provided and mandatory order criterion during DT processing. Hence, it is still unknown whether the dlPFC is also recruited for rather voluntary order control processes, which are required in situations that allow for intentional and internally generated order choices. To address this issue, in two experiments, we applied anodal (Experiment 1) and cathodal (Experiment 2) transcranial direct-current stimulation during a random-order DT in which participants could freely decide about their order of task processing. In our results, we found facilitatory and inhibitory effects on voluntary task-order coordination because of anodal and cathodal transcranial direct-current stimulation, respectively. This was indicated by shorter RTs when participants intentionally switched the task order relative to the preceding trial during anodal as well as a reduced tendency to switch the task order relative to the preceding trial during cathodal stimulation compared with the sham stimulation. Overall, these findings indicate that the dlPFC is also causally involved in voluntary task-order coordination processes. In particular, we argue that the dlPFC is recruited for intentionally updating and implementing task-order information that is necessary for scheduling the processing of two temporally overlapping tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":51081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142585006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Attentional Refreshing in Working Memory and Its Interplay with Long-term Memory: A Behavioral and EEG Study. 工作记忆中的注意刷新及其与长时记忆的相互作用:行为和脑电图研究
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02267
Maximilien Labaronne, Anne Caclin, Gaën Plancher

Despite the growing interest in the study of attentional refreshing, the functioning of this working memory maintenance mechanism, including its cerebral underpinnings, is still debated. In particular, it remains unclear whether refreshing promotes long-term memory and whether it, in return, depends on long-term memory content to operate. Here, we used direct maintenance instructions and measured brain activity to investigate working memory maintenance with two objectives: (1) test if different behavioral and oscillatory patterns could be observed when participants were instructed to use attentional refreshing versus verbal rehearsal, and (2) observe whether and how refreshing is modulated when maintaining novel (pseudowords) versus familiar (words) memoranda. We conducted an EEG experiment using a modified Brown-Peterson task, in which we manipulated the type of maintenance engaged through explicit instructions (verbal rehearsal vs. refreshing), the type of memoranda (words vs. pseudowords), and the memory load (2 vs. 6). Using scalp EEG, we measured both neural oscillations during working memory maintenance and ERPs during the concurrent parity judgment task. For words, we showed that verbal rehearsal benefited more short-term recall whereas refreshing benefited more delayed recall. In keeping with these behavioral differences between maintenance instructions, frontal-midline theta power increased with memory load only when using verbal rehearsal, whereas occipito-parietal alpha desynchronization was larger with refreshing than verbal rehearsal. When maintaining pseudowords, verbal rehearsal also benefitted short-term recall more than refreshing. However, no long-term memory benefit of refreshing was observed for pseudowords, and oscillatory activity was not different under the two maintenance instructions. Our results provide new evidence supporting the independence between attentional refreshing and verbal rehearsal, and bring new insight into refreshing functioning. We discuss the possible interpretations of these results and the implications for the attentional refreshing literature.

尽管人们对注意力提神的研究越来越感兴趣,但这种工作记忆维持机制的功能,包括其大脑基础,仍然存在争议。尤其是,刷新是否会促进长期记忆,以及反过来刷新是否依赖于长期记忆内容才能发挥作用,这些问题仍不清楚。在这里,我们使用直接的保持指令和测量大脑活动来研究工作记忆的保持,目的有两个:(1)测试当参与者被指示使用注意刷新与言语排练时,是否能观察到不同的行为和振荡模式;(2)观察在保持新颖(假词)与熟悉(单词)记忆时,刷新是否以及如何被调节。我们使用改良的布朗-彼得森任务进行了一项脑电图实验,在该实验中,我们操纵了通过明确指令进行的保持类型(口头预演与刷新)、记忆类型(单词与伪单词)以及记忆负荷(2 与 6)。我们使用头皮脑电图测量了工作记忆维持过程中的神经振荡和同时进行的奇偶性判断任务中的ERPs。结果表明,对于单词,言语预演更有利于短期记忆,而复习则更有利于延迟记忆。与维持指令之间的这些行为差异相一致的是,只有在使用口头演练时,额叶-中线θ功率才会随着记忆负荷的增加而增加,而枕顶叶α不同步在刷新时比口头演练时更大。在保持伪词时,口头演练也比刷新更有利于短期记忆。然而,对于伪词,没有观察到刷新对长期记忆的益处,而且振荡活动在两种维持指令下没有差异。我们的研究结果提供了支持注意刷新和言语预演之间独立性的新证据,并为刷新功能带来了新的见解。我们将讨论这些结果的可能解释以及对注意刷新文献的影响。
{"title":"Attentional Refreshing in Working Memory and Its Interplay with Long-term Memory: A Behavioral and EEG Study.","authors":"Maximilien Labaronne, Anne Caclin, Gaën Plancher","doi":"10.1162/jocn_a_02267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_02267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the growing interest in the study of attentional refreshing, the functioning of this working memory maintenance mechanism, including its cerebral underpinnings, is still debated. In particular, it remains unclear whether refreshing promotes long-term memory and whether it, in return, depends on long-term memory content to operate. Here, we used direct maintenance instructions and measured brain activity to investigate working memory maintenance with two objectives: (1) test if different behavioral and oscillatory patterns could be observed when participants were instructed to use attentional refreshing versus verbal rehearsal, and (2) observe whether and how refreshing is modulated when maintaining novel (pseudowords) versus familiar (words) memoranda. We conducted an EEG experiment using a modified Brown-Peterson task, in which we manipulated the type of maintenance engaged through explicit instructions (verbal rehearsal vs. refreshing), the type of memoranda (words vs. pseudowords), and the memory load (2 vs. 6). Using scalp EEG, we measured both neural oscillations during working memory maintenance and ERPs during the concurrent parity judgment task. For words, we showed that verbal rehearsal benefited more short-term recall whereas refreshing benefited more delayed recall. In keeping with these behavioral differences between maintenance instructions, frontal-midline theta power increased with memory load only when using verbal rehearsal, whereas occipito-parietal alpha desynchronization was larger with refreshing than verbal rehearsal. When maintaining pseudowords, verbal rehearsal also benefitted short-term recall more than refreshing. However, no long-term memory benefit of refreshing was observed for pseudowords, and oscillatory activity was not different under the two maintenance instructions. Our results provide new evidence supporting the independence between attentional refreshing and verbal rehearsal, and bring new insight into refreshing functioning. We discuss the possible interpretations of these results and the implications for the attentional refreshing literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":51081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142562998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental Manipulation of the Bilateral Posterior Parietal Cortex Strengthens Associative Memory in Healthy Participants: A Continuous Theta-burst Stimulation. 实验性操纵双侧顶叶后皮层可增强健康参与者的联想记忆:连续θ-猝发刺激
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02273
Lulu Cheng, Xinzhao Li, Zeqi Hao, Jing Li, Mengqi Zhao, Linlin Zhan, Mengting Li, Haiyan Gu, Xize Jia

To test whether targeting left and right posterior parietal cortex (PPC) with continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) in healthy adults would strengthen associative memory (AM) performance. This study consisted of two experiments (a behavioral experiment and a formal experiment during each of the two experimental sessions). In Experiment 1, 18 adults (one male, age = 22.83 ± 3.92 years) were included in the behavioral phase and 18 adults (seven males, age = 40.11 ± 12.27 years) in the stimulation phase. There were 120 neutral facial images paired with 120 two-character nouns and then divided into six test versions (10 male faces and 10 female faces paired with 20 different nouns were considered as one version). In the behavioral experiment, participants were tested by six-version tests to assess memory materials, and in the formal experiment, participants' face-word AM performance was measured by certified tests based on a cued recall paradigm. Furthermore, 30 adults (seven males, age = 20.97 ± 1.85 years) and 15 adults (five males, age = 22.27 ± 1.29 years) participated in Experiment 2, respectively. Stimuli and procedure were the same as in Experiment 1, but the AM test was based on a forced-choice paradigm. Experiment 1 did not yield anticipated outcomes; Experiment 2 showed that cTBS of left and right PPC strengthened the AM performance compared with the control condition. In conclusion, cTBS to left and right PPC improved AM in healthy adults, which provided further experimental evidence for strengthening AM by cTBS.

目的:测试对健康成年人的左右顶叶后皮层(PPC)进行连续θ-脉冲刺激(cTBS)是否会加强联想记忆(AM)的表现。本研究包括两个实验(行为实验和正式实验)。在实验 1 中,18 名成年人(1 名男性,年龄 = 22.83 ± 3.92 岁)参加了行为实验,18 名成年人(7 名男性,年龄 = 40.11 ± 12.27 岁)参加了刺激实验。共有 120 张中性人脸图像与 120 个双字符名词配对,然后分为六个测试版本(10 张男性人脸和 10 张女性人脸与 20 个不同名词配对为一个版本)。在行为实验中,受试者通过六个版本的测试来评估记忆材料;在正式实验中,受试者的面孔-词AM表现则通过基于诱导回忆范式的认证测试来测量。此外,30名成人(7名男性,年龄=20.97±1.85岁)和15名成人(5名男性,年龄=22.27±1.29岁)分别参加了实验2。刺激物和程序与实验 1 相同,但 AM 测试采用了强迫选择范式。实验 1 并未得出预期结果;实验 2 显示,与对照组相比,cTBS 对左侧和右侧 PPC 的刺激增强了 AM 表现。总之,对左右大脑皮层进行 cTBS 可改善健康成年人的 AM,这为通过 cTBS 加强 AM 提供了进一步的实验证据。
{"title":"Experimental Manipulation of the Bilateral Posterior Parietal Cortex Strengthens Associative Memory in Healthy Participants: A Continuous Theta-burst Stimulation.","authors":"Lulu Cheng, Xinzhao Li, Zeqi Hao, Jing Li, Mengqi Zhao, Linlin Zhan, Mengting Li, Haiyan Gu, Xize Jia","doi":"10.1162/jocn_a_02273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_02273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To test whether targeting left and right posterior parietal cortex (PPC) with continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) in healthy adults would strengthen associative memory (AM) performance. This study consisted of two experiments (a behavioral experiment and a formal experiment during each of the two experimental sessions). In Experiment 1, 18 adults (one male, age = 22.83 ± 3.92 years) were included in the behavioral phase and 18 adults (seven males, age = 40.11 ± 12.27 years) in the stimulation phase. There were 120 neutral facial images paired with 120 two-character nouns and then divided into six test versions (10 male faces and 10 female faces paired with 20 different nouns were considered as one version). In the behavioral experiment, participants were tested by six-version tests to assess memory materials, and in the formal experiment, participants' face-word AM performance was measured by certified tests based on a cued recall paradigm. Furthermore, 30 adults (seven males, age = 20.97 ± 1.85 years) and 15 adults (five males, age = 22.27 ± 1.29 years) participated in Experiment 2, respectively. Stimuli and procedure were the same as in Experiment 1, but the AM test was based on a forced-choice paradigm. Experiment 1 did not yield anticipated outcomes; Experiment 2 showed that cTBS of left and right PPC strengthened the AM performance compared with the control condition. In conclusion, cTBS to left and right PPC improved AM in healthy adults, which provided further experimental evidence for strengthening AM by cTBS.</p>","PeriodicalId":51081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142562999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Theta Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation Is Not Effective in Improving Working Memory Performance. θ经颅交流电刺激对提高工作记忆能力无效
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02269
Dauren Kasanov, Olga Dorogina, Faisal Mushtaq, Yuri G Pavlov

There is an extensive body of research showing a significant relationship between frontal midline theta activity in the 4- to 8-Hz range and working memory (WM) performance. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is recognized for inducing lasting changes in brain oscillatory activity. Across two experiments, we tested whether WM could be improved through tACS of dorsomedial pFC and ACC, by affecting executive control networks associated with frontal midline theta. In Experiment 1, after either a 20-min verum or sham stimulation applied to Fpz-CPz at 1 mA and 6 Hz, 31 participants performed WM tasks, while EEG was recorded. The tasks required participants to either mentally manipulate memory items or retain them in memory as they were originally presented. No significant effects were observed in behavioral performance, and we found no change in theta activity during rest and task after stimulation. However, alpha activity during retention or manipulation of information in WM was less strongly enhanced during the delay period after verum stimulation as compared with sham. In Experiment 2 (n = 25), tACS was administered during the task in two separate sessions. Here, we changed the order of the stimulation blocks: A 25-min task block was either accompanied first by sham stimulation and then by verum stimulation, or vice versa. Again, we found no improvements in WM through either tACS after-effects or online stimulation. Taken together, our results demonstrate that theta frequency tACS applied at the midline is not an effective method for enhancing WM.

大量研究表明,4-8 赫兹范围内的额中线θ活动与工作记忆(WM)表现之间存在重要关系。经颅交变电流刺激(tACS)被认为能诱导大脑振荡活动发生持久变化。在两项实验中,我们测试了经颅交变电流刺激是否能通过影响与额中线θ相关的执行控制网络,改善背内侧pFC和ACC的工作记忆能力。在实验 1 中,在对 Fpz-CPz 以 1 mA 和 6 Hz 的频率进行 20 分钟的真刺激或假刺激后,31 名参与者执行了 WM 任务,同时记录了脑电图。这些任务要求参与者在头脑中操作记忆项目或将其保留在最初呈现的记忆中。在行为表现方面没有观察到明显的影响,而且我们发现在刺激后的休息和任务期间,θ 活动没有变化。然而,与假刺激相比,在保留信息或在 WM 中操作信息时,α 活动在真刺激后的延迟期的增强程度较低。在实验 2(n = 25)中,tACS 分两次在任务期间进行。在这里,我们改变了刺激区块的顺序:一个 25 分钟的任务块要么先进行假刺激,然后再进行真刺激,要么相反。我们再次发现,无论是通过 tACS 后效应还是在线刺激,WM 都没有得到改善。综上所述,我们的研究结果表明,在中线应用θ频率tACS并不是增强WM的有效方法。
{"title":"Theta Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation Is Not Effective in Improving Working Memory Performance.","authors":"Dauren Kasanov, Olga Dorogina, Faisal Mushtaq, Yuri G Pavlov","doi":"10.1162/jocn_a_02269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_02269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is an extensive body of research showing a significant relationship between frontal midline theta activity in the 4- to 8-Hz range and working memory (WM) performance. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is recognized for inducing lasting changes in brain oscillatory activity. Across two experiments, we tested whether WM could be improved through tACS of dorsomedial pFC and ACC, by affecting executive control networks associated with frontal midline theta. In Experiment 1, after either a 20-min verum or sham stimulation applied to Fpz-CPz at 1 mA and 6 Hz, 31 participants performed WM tasks, while EEG was recorded. The tasks required participants to either mentally manipulate memory items or retain them in memory as they were originally presented. No significant effects were observed in behavioral performance, and we found no change in theta activity during rest and task after stimulation. However, alpha activity during retention or manipulation of information in WM was less strongly enhanced during the delay period after verum stimulation as compared with sham. In Experiment 2 (n = 25), tACS was administered during the task in two separate sessions. Here, we changed the order of the stimulation blocks: A 25-min task block was either accompanied first by sham stimulation and then by verum stimulation, or vice versa. Again, we found no improvements in WM through either tACS after-effects or online stimulation. Taken together, our results demonstrate that theta frequency tACS applied at the midline is not an effective method for enhancing WM.</p>","PeriodicalId":51081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142563001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Similarity Distractors Increase the Burden of Chinese Character Selection and Updating in Working Memory. 相似性干扰物增加了工作记忆中汉字选择和更新的负担
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02271
Hongli Li, Xin Zhao

Attentional mechanisms are the primary processes for performing working memory (WM) tasks and can prevent distractors from interfering with the content representations stored in WM. However, our understanding of the mechanisms by which attention affects WM remains limited. As such, we analyzed ERPs of the character n-back task to investigate Chinese character selection, updating, and maintenance in WM. In Experiment 1, we collected electroencephalography data from 27 participants aged 18-25 years to explore the influence of false-character interference and symbol interference on a neural activity in the character n-back task. The results suggest that RT was longer in the false-character interference condition. The N2pc and P300 amplitudes were smaller; however, the slow wave amplitude did not differ significantly. In Experiment 2, we used a single-symbol interference and a multiple-symbol interference to establish whether the number of interferences affected the neural activity in the character n-back task. Thirty participants (aged 19-25 years) took part in the experiment. The findings imply that a longer RT and a larger N2pc amplitude occurred in the multiple-symbol interference condition, but not in the P300 and slow wave conditions. Our findings indicate that distractors that are similar to characters may produce greater interference in character recognition and affect the subsequent updating, whereas the number of distractors may only interfere with early character selection, but not with updating and maintenance phases.

注意机制是执行工作记忆(WM)任务的主要过程,可以防止分心者干扰存储在 WM 中的内容表征。然而,我们对注意力影响 WM 的机制的了解仍然有限。因此,我们分析了汉字 "n-back "任务的ERPs,以研究汉字在WM中的选择、更新和保持。在实验1中,我们收集了27名18-25岁参与者的脑电图数据,以探讨假字干扰和符号干扰对汉字n-back任务中神经活动的影响。结果表明,在假字符干扰条件下,RT 更长。N2pc和P300振幅较小,但慢波振幅没有显著差异。在实验 2 中,我们使用了单符号干扰和多符号干扰来确定干扰的数量是否会影响字符回溯任务中的神经活动。30 名参与者(19-25 岁)参加了实验。研究结果表明,在多符号干扰条件下,RT 时间更长,N2pc 振幅更大,而在 P300 和慢波条件下则不然。我们的研究结果表明,与字符相似的干扰物可能会对字符识别产生更大的干扰,并影响随后的更新,而干扰物的数量可能只会干扰早期的字符选择,而不会干扰更新和维持阶段。
{"title":"Similarity Distractors Increase the Burden of Chinese Character Selection and Updating in Working Memory.","authors":"Hongli Li, Xin Zhao","doi":"10.1162/jocn_a_02271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_02271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attentional mechanisms are the primary processes for performing working memory (WM) tasks and can prevent distractors from interfering with the content representations stored in WM. However, our understanding of the mechanisms by which attention affects WM remains limited. As such, we analyzed ERPs of the character n-back task to investigate Chinese character selection, updating, and maintenance in WM. In Experiment 1, we collected electroencephalography data from 27 participants aged 18-25 years to explore the influence of false-character interference and symbol interference on a neural activity in the character n-back task. The results suggest that RT was longer in the false-character interference condition. The N2pc and P300 amplitudes were smaller; however, the slow wave amplitude did not differ significantly. In Experiment 2, we used a single-symbol interference and a multiple-symbol interference to establish whether the number of interferences affected the neural activity in the character n-back task. Thirty participants (aged 19-25 years) took part in the experiment. The findings imply that a longer RT and a larger N2pc amplitude occurred in the multiple-symbol interference condition, but not in the P300 and slow wave conditions. Our findings indicate that distractors that are similar to characters may produce greater interference in character recognition and affect the subsequent updating, whereas the number of distractors may only interfere with early character selection, but not with updating and maintenance phases.</p>","PeriodicalId":51081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142563000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Movement Strategy Moderates the Effect of Spatially Congruent Cues on the Stability of Rhythmic Bimanual Finger Movements. 运动策略可调节空间一致性线索对有节奏双指运动稳定性的影响
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02268
Ronan Denyer, Lara A Boyd

Spatially congruent cues increase the speed of bimanual reach decisions compared with abstract symbolic cues, particularly for asymmetric reaches. Asymmetric rhythmic bimanual movements are less stable than symmetric rhythmic movements, but it is not well understood if spatially congruent cues similarly increase the stability of asymmetric rhythmic bimanual movements. To address this question, in Experiment 1, participants performed symmetric and asymmetric bimanual rhythmic finger tapping movements at different movement frequencies in time with flickering spatially congruent and abstract symbolic stimuli. As expected, symmetric movements were more stable. Spatially congruent cues similarly increased the stability of symmetric and asymmetric movements compared with abstract symbolic cues. The benefits of spatial congruence and movement symmetry were restricted to high movement frequencies (>2 Hz). To better understand if the emergence of these effects at high movement frequencies was driven by a change in movement strategy, in Experiment 2, video of the hands was concurrently recorded during task performance. Markerless motion tracking software revealed that participants switched from discontinuous to continuous movement strategies with increasing movement frequency. Because discontinuous and continuous movements are thought to be controlled by distinct neurocognitive systems, this might explain why the beneficial effects of spatial congruence and response symmetry emerged only at high movement frequencies. Overall, results from the current study indicate that the perceptual quality of the stimulus use to cue movement frequency can have powerful effects on the stability of rhythmic bimanual movements, but that these effects may depend on whether discontinuous or continuous movement strategies are selected.

与抽象的符号线索相比,空间一致的线索能提高双臂伸展决策的速度,尤其是在非对称伸展的情况下。非对称节奏双臂动作的稳定性低于对称节奏动作,但空间一致性线索是否同样能提高非对称节奏双臂动作的稳定性,目前还不十分清楚。为了解决这个问题,在实验 1 中,受试者在闪烁的空间一致和抽象符号刺激下,以不同的运动频率进行对称和不对称的双指节奏性敲击运动。不出所料,对称动作更加稳定。与抽象符号线索相比,空间一致性线索同样提高了对称和不对称动作的稳定性。空间一致性和运动对称性的益处仅限于高运动频率(>2 Hz)。为了更好地了解这些效应在高运动频率下的出现是否是由运动策略的改变所驱动的,在实验 2 中,我们同时记录了任务执行过程中双手的视频。无标记运动跟踪软件显示,随着运动频率的增加,参与者从非连续运动策略转换为连续运动策略。由于不连续运动和连续运动被认为是由不同的神经认知系统控制的,这也许可以解释为什么空间一致性和反应对称性的有益效果只有在高运动频率时才会出现。总之,本研究的结果表明,用于提示运动频率的刺激物的知觉质量会对有节奏的双足运动的稳定性产生强大的影响,但这些影响可能取决于选择的是非连续运动策略还是连续运动策略。
{"title":"Movement Strategy Moderates the Effect of Spatially Congruent Cues on the Stability of Rhythmic Bimanual Finger Movements.","authors":"Ronan Denyer, Lara A Boyd","doi":"10.1162/jocn_a_02268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_02268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spatially congruent cues increase the speed of bimanual reach decisions compared with abstract symbolic cues, particularly for asymmetric reaches. Asymmetric rhythmic bimanual movements are less stable than symmetric rhythmic movements, but it is not well understood if spatially congruent cues similarly increase the stability of asymmetric rhythmic bimanual movements. To address this question, in Experiment 1, participants performed symmetric and asymmetric bimanual rhythmic finger tapping movements at different movement frequencies in time with flickering spatially congruent and abstract symbolic stimuli. As expected, symmetric movements were more stable. Spatially congruent cues similarly increased the stability of symmetric and asymmetric movements compared with abstract symbolic cues. The benefits of spatial congruence and movement symmetry were restricted to high movement frequencies (>2 Hz). To better understand if the emergence of these effects at high movement frequencies was driven by a change in movement strategy, in Experiment 2, video of the hands was concurrently recorded during task performance. Markerless motion tracking software revealed that participants switched from discontinuous to continuous movement strategies with increasing movement frequency. Because discontinuous and continuous movements are thought to be controlled by distinct neurocognitive systems, this might explain why the beneficial effects of spatial congruence and response symmetry emerged only at high movement frequencies. Overall, results from the current study indicate that the perceptual quality of the stimulus use to cue movement frequency can have powerful effects on the stability of rhythmic bimanual movements, but that these effects may depend on whether discontinuous or continuous movement strategies are selected.</p>","PeriodicalId":51081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rapid Learning of Temporal Dependencies at Multiple Timescales 在多个时间尺度上快速学习时间相关性。
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02232
Cybelle M. Smith;Sharon L. Thompson-Schill;Anna C. Schapiro
Our environment contains temporal information unfolding simultaneously at multiple timescales. How do we learn and represent these dynamic and overlapping information streams? We investigated these processes in a statistical learning paradigm with simultaneous short and long timescale contingencies. Human participants (n = 96) played a game where they learned to quickly click on a target image when it appeared in one of nine locations, in eight different contexts. Across contexts, we manipulated the order of target locations: at a short timescale, the order of pairs of sequential locations in which the target appeared; at a longer timescale, the set of locations that appeared in the first versus the second half of the game. Participants periodically predicted the upcoming target location, and later performed similarity judgments comparing the games based on their order properties. Participants showed context-dependent sensitivity to order information at both short and long timescales, with evidence of stronger learning for short timescales. We modeled the learning paradigm using a gated recurrent network trained to make immediate predictions, which demonstrated multilevel learning timecourses and patterns of sensitivity to the similarity structure of the games that mirrored human participants. The model grouped games with matching rule structure and dissociated games based on low-level order information more so than high-level order information. The work shows how humans and models can rapidly and concurrently acquire order information at different timescales.
我们的环境包含在多个时间尺度上同时展开的时间信息。我们如何学习和表征这些动态和重叠的信息流?我们在一个统计学习范例中研究了这些过程。人类参与者(n = 96)玩了一个游戏,在游戏中,他们学会了在八个不同情境下,当目标图像出现在九个位置之一时,快速点击该图像。在不同的情境中,我们操纵了目标位置的顺序:在短时间内,操纵了目标出现的成对连续位置的顺序;在较长时间内,操纵了游戏前半部分和后半部分出现的位置集合。受试者会定期预测即将出现的目标位置,然后根据游戏的顺序属性对游戏进行相似性判断。在短时标和长时标中,参与者都表现出了对顺序信息的情境敏感性,而且短时标的学习效果更强。我们使用一个经过训练的门控递归网络对学习范式进行建模,以进行即时预测,该网络显示了多层次的学习时间历程以及对游戏相似性结构的敏感性模式,这与人类参与者的情况如出一辙。该模型将具有匹配规则结构的游戏分组,并根据低级顺序信息而不是高级顺序信息对游戏进行分离。这项工作显示了人类和模型是如何在不同的时间尺度上同时快速获取秩序信息的。
{"title":"Rapid Learning of Temporal Dependencies at Multiple Timescales","authors":"Cybelle M. Smith;Sharon L. Thompson-Schill;Anna C. Schapiro","doi":"10.1162/jocn_a_02232","DOIUrl":"10.1162/jocn_a_02232","url":null,"abstract":"Our environment contains temporal information unfolding simultaneously at multiple timescales. How do we learn and represent these dynamic and overlapping information streams? We investigated these processes in a statistical learning paradigm with simultaneous short and long timescale contingencies. Human participants (n = 96) played a game where they learned to quickly click on a target image when it appeared in one of nine locations, in eight different contexts. Across contexts, we manipulated the order of target locations: at a short timescale, the order of pairs of sequential locations in which the target appeared; at a longer timescale, the set of locations that appeared in the first versus the second half of the game. Participants periodically predicted the upcoming target location, and later performed similarity judgments comparing the games based on their order properties. Participants showed context-dependent sensitivity to order information at both short and long timescales, with evidence of stronger learning for short timescales. We modeled the learning paradigm using a gated recurrent network trained to make immediate predictions, which demonstrated multilevel learning timecourses and patterns of sensitivity to the similarity structure of the games that mirrored human participants. The model grouped games with matching rule structure and dissociated games based on low-level order information more so than high-level order information. The work shows how humans and models can rapidly and concurrently acquire order information at different timescales.","PeriodicalId":51081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Goal Shifts Structure Memories and Prioritize Event-defining Information in Memory 目标转移构建了记忆,并在记忆中优先考虑事件定义信息。
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02220
Emily T. Cowan;Avi J. Chanales;Lila Davachi;David Clewett
Every day, we encounter far more information than we could possibly remember. Thus, our memory systems must organize and prioritize the details from an experience that can adaptively guide the storage and retrieval of specific episodic events. Prior work has shown that shifts in internal goal states can function as event boundaries, chunking experiences into distinct and memorable episodes. In addition, at short delays, memory for contextual information at boundaries has been shown to be enhanced compared with items within each event. However, it remains unclear if these memory enhancements are limited to features that signal a meaningful transition between events. To determine how changes in dynamic goal states influence the organization and content of long-term memory, we designed a 2-day experiment in which participants viewed a series of black-and-white objects surrounded by a color border on a two-by-two grid. The location of the object on the grid determined which of two tasks participants performed on a given trial. To examine if distinct types of goal shifts modulate the effects of event segmentation, we changed the border color, the task, or both after every four items in a sequence. We found that goal shifts influenced temporal memory in a manner consistent with the formation of distinct events. However, for subjective memory representations in particular, these effects differed by the type of event boundary. Furthermore, to examine if goal shifts lead to the prioritization of goal-relevant features in longer lasting memories, we tested source memory for each object's color and grid location both immediately and after a 24-hr delay. On the immediate test, boundaries enhanced the memory for all concurrent source features compared with nonboundary items, but only if those boundaries involved a goal shift. In contrast, after a delay, the source memory was selectively enhanced for the feature relevant to the goal shift. These findings suggest that goals can adaptively structure memories by prioritizing contextual features that define a unique episode in memory.
每天,我们遇到的信息远远多于我们可能记住的信息。因此,我们的记忆系统必须对经历中的细节进行组织和优先排序,以适应性地指导特定情节事件的存储和检索。先前的研究表明,内部目标状态的变化可以作为事件的边界,将经验分成不同的、令人难忘的事件。此外,与每个事件中的项目相比,在短时间的延迟中,人们对边界处上下文信息的记忆会得到增强。然而,目前还不清楚这些记忆增强是否仅限于事件之间有意义过渡的特征。为了确定动态目标状态的变化如何影响长时记忆的组织和内容,我们设计了一个为期两天的实验。物体在网格上的位置决定了参与者在特定试验中执行的两项任务中的哪一项。为了研究不同类型的目标转移是否会调节事件分割的效果,我们在一个序列中每四个项目之后改变了边框的颜色、任务或两者。我们发现,目标转移对时间记忆的影响与不同事件的形成方式一致。然而,特别是对主观记忆表征而言,这些影响因事件边界的类型而异。此外,为了研究目标转移是否会导致目标相关特征在更持久记忆中的优先级,我们在即时和延迟 24 小时后测试了对每个物体的颜色和网格位置的源记忆。在即时测试中,与无边界项目相比,边界增强了对所有并发源特征的记忆,但前提是这些边界涉及目标转移。相反,在延迟之后,源记忆会选择性地增强与目标转移相关的特征。这些研究结果表明,目标可以通过优先选择定义记忆中独特情节的上下文特征来适应性地构建记忆。
{"title":"Goal Shifts Structure Memories and Prioritize Event-defining Information in Memory","authors":"Emily T. Cowan;Avi J. Chanales;Lila Davachi;David Clewett","doi":"10.1162/jocn_a_02220","DOIUrl":"10.1162/jocn_a_02220","url":null,"abstract":"Every day, we encounter far more information than we could possibly remember. Thus, our memory systems must organize and prioritize the details from an experience that can adaptively guide the storage and retrieval of specific episodic events. Prior work has shown that shifts in internal goal states can function as event boundaries, chunking experiences into distinct and memorable episodes. In addition, at short delays, memory for contextual information at boundaries has been shown to be enhanced compared with items within each event. However, it remains unclear if these memory enhancements are limited to features that signal a meaningful transition between events. To determine how changes in dynamic goal states influence the organization and content of long-term memory, we designed a 2-day experiment in which participants viewed a series of black-and-white objects surrounded by a color border on a two-by-two grid. The location of the object on the grid determined which of two tasks participants performed on a given trial. To examine if distinct types of goal shifts modulate the effects of event segmentation, we changed the border color, the task, or both after every four items in a sequence. We found that goal shifts influenced temporal memory in a manner consistent with the formation of distinct events. However, for subjective memory representations in particular, these effects differed by the type of event boundary. Furthermore, to examine if goal shifts lead to the prioritization of goal-relevant features in longer lasting memories, we tested source memory for each object's color and grid location both immediately and after a 24-hr delay. On the immediate test, boundaries enhanced the memory for all concurrent source features compared with nonboundary items, but only if those boundaries involved a goal shift. In contrast, after a delay, the source memory was selectively enhanced for the feature relevant to the goal shift. These findings suggest that goals can adaptively structure memories by prioritizing contextual features that define a unique episode in memory.","PeriodicalId":51081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Relationship between Event Boundary Strength and Pattern Shifts across the Cortical Hierarchy during Naturalistic Movie-viewing 自然电影观看过程中事件边界强度与大脑皮层模式转变之间的关系
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02213
Yoonjung Lee;Janice Chen
Our continuous experience is spontaneously segmented by the brain into discrete events. However, the beginning of a new event (an event boundary) is not always sharply identifiable: Phenomenologically, event boundaries vary in salience. How are the response profiles of cortical areas at event boundaries modulated by boundary strength during complex, naturalistic movie-viewing? Do cortical responses scale in a graded manner with boundary strength, or do they merely detect boundaries in a binary fashion? We measured “cortical boundary shifts” as transient changes in multivoxel patterns at event boundaries with different strengths (weak, moderate, and strong), determined by across-participant agreement. Cortical regions with different processing timescales were examined. In auditory areas, which have short timescales, cortical boundary shifts exhibited a clearly graded profile in both group-level and individual-level analyses. In cortical areas with long timescales, including the default mode network, boundary strength modulated pattern shift magnitude at the individual participant level. We also observed a positive relationship between boundary strength and the extent of temporal alignment of boundary shifts across different levels of the cortical hierarchy. In addition, hippocampal activity was highest at event boundaries for which cortical boundary shifts were most aligned across hierarchical levels. Overall, we found that event boundary strength modulated cortical pattern shifts strongly in sensory areas and more weakly in higher-level areas and that stronger boundaries were associated with greater alignment of these shifts across the cortical hierarchy.
我们的连续经验会被大脑自发地分割成离散的事件。然而,一个新事件的开始(事件边界)并不总是清晰可辨的:从现象上看,事件边界的显著性各不相同。在观看复杂、自然的电影时,大脑皮层区域在事件边界处的反应曲线是如何受边界强度调节的?大脑皮层的反应是随着边界强度的变化而分级,还是仅仅以二元方式检测边界?我们测量的 "皮层边界偏移 "是指不同强度(弱、中、强)的事件边界上多体素模式的瞬时变化,由参与者之间的一致性决定。我们对具有不同处理时间尺度的皮层区域进行了研究。在时间尺度较短的听觉区域,皮层边界移动在群体和个体分析中都表现出明显的分级特征。在时间尺度较长的皮层区域,包括默认模式网络,边界强度在个体参与者水平上调节模式偏移的幅度。我们还观察到边界强度与大脑皮层不同层次的边界移动的时间一致性之间存在正相关。此外,在大脑皮层边界移动在不同层次间最一致的事件边界处,海马活动最高。总之,我们发现事件边界强度对感觉区域皮层模式移动的调节作用很强,而对高层区域皮层模式移动的调节作用较弱。
{"title":"The Relationship between Event Boundary Strength and Pattern Shifts across the Cortical Hierarchy during Naturalistic Movie-viewing","authors":"Yoonjung Lee;Janice Chen","doi":"10.1162/jocn_a_02213","DOIUrl":"10.1162/jocn_a_02213","url":null,"abstract":"Our continuous experience is spontaneously segmented by the brain into discrete events. However, the beginning of a new event (an event boundary) is not always sharply identifiable: Phenomenologically, event boundaries vary in salience. How are the response profiles of cortical areas at event boundaries modulated by boundary strength during complex, naturalistic movie-viewing? Do cortical responses scale in a graded manner with boundary strength, or do they merely detect boundaries in a binary fashion? We measured “cortical boundary shifts” as transient changes in multivoxel patterns at event boundaries with different strengths (weak, moderate, and strong), determined by across-participant agreement. Cortical regions with different processing timescales were examined. In auditory areas, which have short timescales, cortical boundary shifts exhibited a clearly graded profile in both group-level and individual-level analyses. In cortical areas with long timescales, including the default mode network, boundary strength modulated pattern shift magnitude at the individual participant level. We also observed a positive relationship between boundary strength and the extent of temporal alignment of boundary shifts across different levels of the cortical hierarchy. In addition, hippocampal activity was highest at event boundaries for which cortical boundary shifts were most aligned across hierarchical levels. Overall, we found that event boundary strength modulated cortical pattern shifts strongly in sensory areas and more weakly in higher-level areas and that stronger boundaries were associated with greater alignment of these shifts across the cortical hierarchy.","PeriodicalId":51081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Human Visual Pathways for Action Recognition versus Deep Convolutional Neural Networks: Representation Correspondence in Late but Not Early Layers 用于动作识别的人类视觉通路与深度卷积神经网络:后期层而非早期层的表征对应性。
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02233
Yujia Peng;Xizi Gong;Hongjing Lu;Fang Fang
Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have attained human-level performance for object categorization and exhibited representation alignment between network layers and brain regions. Does such representation alignment naturally extend to other visual tasks beyond recognizing objects in static images? In this study, we expanded the exploration to the recognition of human actions from videos and assessed the representation capabilities and alignment of two-stream DCNNs in comparison with brain regions situated along ventral and dorsal pathways. Using decoding analysis and representational similarity analysis, we show that DCNN models do not show hierarchical representation alignment to human brain across visual regions when processing action videos. Instead, later layers of DCNN models demonstrate greater representation similarities to the human visual cortex. These findings were revealed for two display formats: photorealistic avatars with full-body information and simplified stimuli in the point-light display. The discrepancies in representation alignment suggest fundamental differences in how DCNNs and the human brain represent dynamic visual information related to actions.
深度卷积神经网络(DCNN)在物体分类方面的表现已达到人类水平,并显示出网络层与大脑区域之间的表征一致性。除了识别静态图像中的物体,这种表征一致性是否还能自然扩展到其他视觉任务?在这项研究中,我们将探索范围扩大到从视频中识别人类动作,并评估了双流 DCNN 与位于腹侧和背侧通路的脑区的表征能力和一致性。通过解码分析和表征相似性分析,我们发现 DCNN 模型在处理动作视频时并没有显示出与人脑各视觉区域的分层表征一致性。相反,DCNN 模型的后几层与人类视觉皮层表现出更大的表征相似性。这些发现针对两种显示格式:具有全身信息的逼真化身和点光源显示屏中的简化刺激。表征一致性的差异表明,DCNN 和人类大脑在如何表征与动作相关的动态视觉信息方面存在根本差异。
{"title":"Human Visual Pathways for Action Recognition versus Deep Convolutional Neural Networks: Representation Correspondence in Late but Not Early Layers","authors":"Yujia Peng;Xizi Gong;Hongjing Lu;Fang Fang","doi":"10.1162/jocn_a_02233","DOIUrl":"10.1162/jocn_a_02233","url":null,"abstract":"Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have attained human-level performance for object categorization and exhibited representation alignment between network layers and brain regions. Does such representation alignment naturally extend to other visual tasks beyond recognizing objects in static images? In this study, we expanded the exploration to the recognition of human actions from videos and assessed the representation capabilities and alignment of two-stream DCNNs in comparison with brain regions situated along ventral and dorsal pathways. Using decoding analysis and representational similarity analysis, we show that DCNN models do not show hierarchical representation alignment to human brain across visual regions when processing action videos. Instead, later layers of DCNN models demonstrate greater representation similarities to the human visual cortex. These findings were revealed for two display formats: photorealistic avatars with full-body information and simplified stimuli in the point-light display. The discrepancies in representation alignment suggest fundamental differences in how DCNNs and the human brain represent dynamic visual information related to actions.","PeriodicalId":51081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10738325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1