Pub Date : 2025-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109562
Zhigang Liu , Bo Zheng , Jia Li , Jianshe Yu
Due to the presence of residual effects of pesticides, repeated spraying of pesticides has a cumulative lethal effect on pests which has not been clearly expounded in the existing literature. In this paper, we start by depicting the cumulative lethal rate of pests caused by repeated pesticide spraying. Although the cumulative lethal rate function is complex, our analysis gives an integral invariant of the cumulative killing-rate function, which plays a crucial role in the dynamical analysis of the Logistic single-population growth model that we preferred as a direct application, and helps us obtain a complete dynamical conclusion including the existence, uniqueness and stability of periodic solutions. We derive a threshold of pesticide spraying period for the eventual extinction of the pest population. By combining our theoretical findings and numerical simulations, in accordance with the frequency and cumulative killing-rate function of pesticide spraying, pesticide spraying strategies can be determined to achieve effective pest control within a predetermined time.
{"title":"The cumulative lethal rate of repeated spraying of pesticides and its applications","authors":"Zhigang Liu , Bo Zheng , Jia Li , Jianshe Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the presence of residual effects of pesticides, repeated spraying of pesticides has a cumulative lethal effect on pests which has not been clearly expounded in the existing literature. In this paper, we start by depicting the cumulative lethal rate of pests caused by repeated pesticide spraying. Although the cumulative lethal rate function is complex, our analysis gives an integral invariant of the cumulative killing-rate function, which plays a crucial role in the dynamical analysis of the Logistic single-population growth model that we preferred as a direct application, and helps us obtain a complete dynamical conclusion including the existence, uniqueness and stability of periodic solutions. We derive a threshold of pesticide spraying period for the eventual extinction of the pest population. By combining our theoretical findings and numerical simulations, in accordance with the frequency and cumulative killing-rate function of pesticide spraying, pesticide spraying strategies can be determined to achieve effective pest control within a predetermined time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51119,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 109562"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145363825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study is devoted to the precise characterization of dynamic transitions within a continuous two-dimensional ecological framework, induced by a bifurcation module. This investigation aims to enhance our understanding of ecological evolution by disentangling the individual and interactive influences of the double Allee effect and hunting cooperation. Dynamics of all non-negative equilibria are investigated to disclose the degenerate nature of them. Bifurcation points are systematically identified, as their determination is critical for devising strategies aimed at stabilizing ecological systems or averting species extinction, particularly within networks influenced by dual Allee effects and cooperative predation. Both local and global bifurcation analyses, distinguished by the number of relevant parameters and the qualitative behaviour have been explored to capture the system’s intricate dynamics. A comprehensive overview of current numerical bifurcation analysis techniques and their ecological applications is provided. Emphasis is placed on the computational challenges encountered in detecting extinction-driven bifurcations and in identifying diverse attractor landscapes and phase transitions. Particular attention has been given to the numerical difficulties posed by both weak and strong forms of the Allee effect, and potential resolutions to these methodological bottlenecks are proposed. Through this structured analysis, an in-depth understanding of species interaction dynamics within bifurcation-driven ecological models is sought, aiming to elucidate complex behaviours that are often obscured in conventional studies of large bifurcating ecological networks.
{"title":"Resilience in a modified Leslie–Gower model with dual Allee effects and cooperative hunting","authors":"Gourav Mandal , Lakshmi Narayan Guin , Santabrata Chakravarty , Renji Han","doi":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study is devoted to the precise characterization of dynamic transitions within a continuous two-dimensional ecological framework, induced by a bifurcation module. This investigation aims to enhance our understanding of ecological evolution by disentangling the individual and interactive influences of the double Allee effect and hunting cooperation. Dynamics of all non-negative equilibria are investigated to disclose the degenerate nature of them. Bifurcation points are systematically identified, as their determination is critical for devising strategies aimed at stabilizing ecological systems or averting species extinction, particularly within networks influenced by dual Allee effects and cooperative predation. Both local and global bifurcation analyses, distinguished by the number of relevant parameters and the qualitative behaviour have been explored to capture the system’s intricate dynamics. A comprehensive overview of current numerical bifurcation analysis techniques and their ecological applications is provided. Emphasis is placed on the computational challenges encountered in detecting extinction-driven bifurcations and in identifying diverse attractor landscapes and phase transitions. Particular attention has been given to the numerical difficulties posed by both weak and strong forms of the Allee effect, and potential resolutions to these methodological bottlenecks are proposed. Through this structured analysis, an in-depth understanding of species interaction dynamics within bifurcation-driven ecological models is sought, aiming to elucidate complex behaviours that are often obscured in conventional studies of large bifurcating ecological networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51119,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 109563"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145318944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-13DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109548
Yash Vats , Mani Mehra , Dietmar Oelz
Spike frequency adaptation is a key characteristic of spiking neurons. To examine this form of adaptation, we introduce a higher-order fractional leaky integrate and fire model. In this model, the exponent of the fractional derivative can range from one (representing an ordinary first order derivative) to two. In this regime, the impact of the past membrane potential on the present potential is inhibitory leading to spike frequency adaptation. We also analyze spike frequency adaptation in response to noisy input current and show that spike frequency adaptation is reinforced as the intensity of noisy input increases.
{"title":"Modeling spike frequency adaptation through higher-order fractional leaky integrate and fire model","authors":"Yash Vats , Mani Mehra , Dietmar Oelz","doi":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spike frequency adaptation is a key characteristic of spiking neurons. To examine this form of adaptation, we introduce a higher-order fractional leaky integrate and fire model. In this model, the exponent of the fractional derivative can range from one (representing an ordinary first order derivative) to two. In this regime, the impact of the past membrane potential on the present potential is inhibitory leading to spike frequency adaptation. We also analyze spike frequency adaptation in response to noisy input current and show that spike frequency adaptation is reinforced as the intensity of noisy input increases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51119,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 109548"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145305091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109560
Yu Mu , Wing-Cheong Lo
Interspecies interactions within ecosystems generate intricate ecological networks and spatial structures. To mitigate predation risks during ecological engagement, species frequently adopt adaptive survival strategies such as refuge concealment. This study develops a bi-trophic food-chain turbidostat model incorporating multiple time delays and refuge protection mechanisms to systematically investigate how critical parameters influence population dynamics and evolutionary patterns. Through rigorous stability analysis of system equilibria, we establish sufficient conditions for equilibrium stability and characterize parameter perturbation effects on system dynamics. Our bifurcation analysis reveals that both transcritical and Hopf bifurcations emerge when refuge parameters approach critical thresholds, demonstrating how parameter variations can transition population growth patterns from stable equilibrium to sustained oscillations. Notably, our refuge parameter analysis demonstrates the dual-edged nature of protective strategies: both excessive and insufficient refuge utilization destabilize population equilibrium. By employing center manifold and normal form theory, we quantitatively assess the nonlinear dynamics near bifurcation points and derive stability criteria for emergent periodic solutions. The temporal analysis further uncovers that time delays induce Hopf bifurcations when surpassing critical values, generating persistent population oscillations that endanger ecological stability. Numerical simulations across multiple parameter regimes consistently validate our theoretical predictions.
{"title":"Bifurcation thresholds in a bi-trophic turbidostat system: Refuge-mediated critical transitions and delay-induced oscillatory regimes","authors":"Yu Mu , Wing-Cheong Lo","doi":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interspecies interactions within ecosystems generate intricate ecological networks and spatial structures. To mitigate predation risks during ecological engagement, species frequently adopt adaptive survival strategies such as refuge concealment. This study develops a bi-trophic food-chain turbidostat model incorporating multiple time delays and refuge protection mechanisms to systematically investigate how critical parameters influence population dynamics and evolutionary patterns. Through rigorous stability analysis of system equilibria, we establish sufficient conditions for equilibrium stability and characterize parameter perturbation effects on system dynamics. Our bifurcation analysis reveals that both transcritical and Hopf bifurcations emerge when refuge parameters approach critical thresholds, demonstrating how parameter variations can transition population growth patterns from stable equilibrium to sustained oscillations. Notably, our refuge parameter analysis demonstrates the dual-edged nature of protective strategies: both excessive and insufficient refuge utilization destabilize population equilibrium. By employing center manifold and normal form theory, we quantitatively assess the nonlinear dynamics near bifurcation points and derive stability criteria for emergent periodic solutions. The temporal analysis further uncovers that time delays induce Hopf bifurcations when surpassing critical values, generating persistent population oscillations that endanger ecological stability. Numerical simulations across multiple parameter regimes consistently validate our theoretical predictions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51119,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 109560"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145288004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109544
Junyuan Yang , Ziyi Wu , Maia Martcheva
In this work, we extend the nested modeling framework to establish an immuno-epidemiological model for Hand Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD). This model intricately links host-to-host transmission, virus release, and recovery rates to within-host immune system dynamics. We introduce an ordinary differential equation (ODE)-based within-host model and an partial differential equation (PDE)-based between-host model. Utilizing sensitivity-based locally structural identifiability methods, including principal component analysis (PCA) and eigenvalue analysis, we systematically prioritize parameters from least to most identifiable. Furthermore, we perform globally structural identifiability analysis using differential algebra methods, demonstrating global identifiability of within-host parameters under specific conditions. Leveraging these results, we accurately estimate model parameters using experimental data. Monte Carlo simulations (MCS) reveal practical unidentifiable parameters, indicating that the multi-scale immuno-epidemiological HFMD model is both locally and practically unidentifiable. Finally, sensitivity analysis reveals that within host kinetics considerably influences the temporal dynamics of the HFMD model at the population level.
{"title":"Structural and practical identifiability of an immuno-hand foot and mouth disease model integrating immune response within a host","authors":"Junyuan Yang , Ziyi Wu , Maia Martcheva","doi":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we extend the nested modeling framework to establish an immuno-epidemiological model for Hand Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD). This model intricately links host-to-host transmission, virus release, and recovery rates to within-host immune system dynamics. We introduce an ordinary differential equation (ODE)-based within-host model and an partial differential equation (PDE)-based between-host model. Utilizing sensitivity-based locally structural identifiability methods, including principal component analysis (PCA) and eigenvalue analysis, we systematically prioritize parameters from least to most identifiable. Furthermore, we perform globally structural identifiability analysis using differential algebra methods, demonstrating global identifiability of within-host parameters under specific conditions. Leveraging these results, we accurately estimate model parameters using experimental data. Monte Carlo simulations (MCS) reveal practical unidentifiable parameters, indicating that the multi-scale immuno-epidemiological HFMD model is both locally and practically unidentifiable. Finally, sensitivity analysis reveals that within host kinetics considerably influences the temporal dynamics of the HFMD model at the population level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51119,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 109544"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145282468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109549
Sara Amato , Andrea Arnold
Neuroinflammation immediately follows the onset of ischemic stroke. During this process, microglial cells are activated in and recruited to the tissue surrounding the irreversibly injured infarct core, referred to as the penumbra. Microglial cells can be activated into two distinct phenotypes; however, the dynamics between the detrimental M1 phenotype and beneficial M2 phenotype are not fully understood. Using phenotype-specific cell count data obtained from experimental studies on middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced stroke in mice, we employ sparsity-promoting system identification techniques combined with Bayesian statistical methods for uncertainty quantification to generate continuous and discrete-time predictive models of the M1 and M2 microglial cell dynamics. The resulting sparse, data-driven models explain the data using constant and linear terms. Results emphasize an initial M2 dominance followed by a takeover of M1 cells, capture potential long-term dynamics of microglial cells, and suggest a persistent inflammatory response.
{"title":"Data-driven modeling and prediction of microglial cell dynamics in the ischemic penumbra","authors":"Sara Amato , Andrea Arnold","doi":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuroinflammation immediately follows the onset of ischemic stroke. During this process, microglial cells are activated in and recruited to the tissue surrounding the irreversibly injured infarct core, referred to as the penumbra. Microglial cells can be activated into two distinct phenotypes; however, the dynamics between the detrimental M1 phenotype and beneficial M2 phenotype are not fully understood. Using phenotype-specific cell count data obtained from experimental studies on middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced stroke in mice, we employ sparsity-promoting system identification techniques combined with Bayesian statistical methods for uncertainty quantification to generate continuous and discrete-time predictive models of the M1 and M2 microglial cell dynamics. The resulting sparse, data-driven models explain the data using constant and linear terms. Results emphasize an initial M2 dominance followed by a takeover of M1 cells, capture potential long-term dynamics of microglial cells, and suggest a persistent inflammatory response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51119,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 109549"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145277003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109559
Xingxiao Wu , Wenjie Qin , Sanyi Tang
Surgical immunotherapy combined treatment is considered a promising cancer treatment approach, but determining the optimal timing and intensity of treatment remains a significant challenge. To address this issue, this paper proposes and investigates two non-smooth tumor-immune models with dynamic threshold strategies. We first establish a state-dependent impulsive model to describe a single immunotherapy strategy. By analyzing the properties of the Poincaré map, we studied the existence and stability of order-k periodic solutions, proved the existence of chaotic behavior using the maximum Lyapunov exponent, and examined the effects of treatment intervals and the number of treatments under different initial conditions on treatment outcomes. Secondly, we establish and analyze a Filippov tumor-immune model with dual dynamic thresholds. We examine the existence of sliding modes and pseudo-equilibria, prove the existence and stability of three order-k periodic solutions, and further explore the emergence of chaotic phenomena through numerical simulations. Finally, based on the real data of the lung cancer patient, parameter estimation was performed using the least squares method, and the treatment effects of the patient under four different treatment strategies were predicted. The results show that compared to a single-threshold strategy, the dual-threshold strategy not only more effectively controls tumor cell density but also ensures that effector cells remain at a safe level.
{"title":"Analyzing the impact of threshold strategies on cancer treatment using non-smooth models","authors":"Xingxiao Wu , Wenjie Qin , Sanyi Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surgical immunotherapy combined treatment is considered a promising cancer treatment approach, but determining the optimal timing and intensity of treatment remains a significant challenge. To address this issue, this paper proposes and investigates two non-smooth tumor-immune models with dynamic threshold strategies. We first establish a state-dependent impulsive model to describe a single immunotherapy strategy. By analyzing the properties of the Poincaré map, we studied the existence and stability of order-k periodic solutions, proved the existence of chaotic behavior using the maximum Lyapunov exponent, and examined the effects of treatment intervals and the number of treatments under different initial conditions on treatment outcomes. Secondly, we establish and analyze a Filippov tumor-immune model with dual dynamic thresholds. We examine the existence of sliding modes and pseudo-equilibria, prove the existence and stability of three order-k periodic solutions, and further explore the emergence of chaotic phenomena through numerical simulations. Finally, based on the real data of the lung cancer patient, parameter estimation was performed using the least squares method, and the treatment effects of the patient under four different treatment strategies were predicted. The results show that compared to a single-threshold strategy, the dual-threshold strategy not only more effectively controls tumor cell density but also ensures that effector cells remain at a safe level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51119,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 109559"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145271240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-06DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109547
Abdush Salam Pramanik , Bibaswan Dey , G.P. Raja Sekhar
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory cardiovascular disease in which fatty plaque builds up inside an artery wall. Early atherosclerotic plaque development is typically characterized by inflammatory tissue primarily consisting of macrophages and foam cells. In this article, we present a free boundary biphasic model of early atherosclerotic plaque to investigate the effects of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) toxicity on plaque development. The study examines the roles of cytokines (particularly monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in the recruitment of monocytes and the formation of foam cells, respectively. The ingestion of oxLDL by macrophages results in the accumulation of intracellular cholesterol, and its excessive level becomes toxic to foam cells, leading to cell death beyond a threshold. We examine how intracellular cholesterol-induced toxicity impacts plaque development. We find that the plaque initially grows rapidly, and the growth rate eventually declines due to cholesterol-induced toxicity. Parameters associated with toxicity-induced cell death play a key role in reducing the plaque growth rate by promoting cell death. We show that raising the toxicity threshold increases the volume fraction of inflammatory cells, thereby accelerating plaque growth. Investigations of the flux parameters reveal that increased cytokine flux enhances plaque growth, whereas higher oxLDL flux reduces the growth rate. A detailed analysis of the model presented in this article provides critical insights into the various biochemical and cellular mechanisms behind early plaque development.
{"title":"A two-phase model of early atherosclerotic plaque development with LDL toxicity effects","authors":"Abdush Salam Pramanik , Bibaswan Dey , G.P. Raja Sekhar","doi":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory cardiovascular disease in which fatty plaque builds up inside an artery wall. Early atherosclerotic plaque development is typically characterized by inflammatory tissue primarily consisting of macrophages and foam cells. In this article, we present a free boundary biphasic model of early atherosclerotic plaque to investigate the effects of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) toxicity on plaque development. The study examines the roles of cytokines (particularly monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in the recruitment of monocytes and the formation of foam cells, respectively. The ingestion of oxLDL by macrophages results in the accumulation of intracellular cholesterol, and its excessive level becomes toxic to foam cells, leading to cell death beyond a threshold. We examine how intracellular cholesterol-induced toxicity impacts plaque development. We find that the plaque initially grows rapidly, and the growth rate eventually declines due to cholesterol-induced toxicity. Parameters associated with toxicity-induced cell death play a key role in reducing the plaque growth rate by promoting cell death. We show that raising the toxicity threshold increases the volume fraction of inflammatory cells, thereby accelerating plaque growth. Investigations of the flux parameters reveal that increased cytokine flux enhances plaque growth, whereas higher oxLDL flux reduces the growth rate. A detailed analysis of the model presented in this article provides critical insights into the various biochemical and cellular mechanisms behind early plaque development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51119,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 109547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145254331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109546
Enwei Bu , Xiaotian Wu , Jun Li , Jiangning Hu , Jianhong Wu
Ibuprofen, a commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), exhibits considerable variability in pharmacokinetics following oral administration, particularly during the absorption phase. This study aimed to enhance the mechanistic understanding of ibuprofen absorption by developing and integrating physiologically-informed models of absorption within a population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) framework. Using existing datasets of ibuprofen plasma concentrations, two one-compartment PopPK models with linear elimination were developed: the Sequential Absorption Pharmacokinetic (SAPK) model, which accounts for pH-dependent gastrointestinal absorption, and the Partial Absorption Pharmacokinetic (PAPK) model, which reflects absorption triggered by gastric emptying. Both models adequately described the observed concentration–time profiles and explained individual variability in absorption. These findings offer valuable insight into ibuprofen absorption kinetics and support the advancement of personalized dosing strategies.
{"title":"Mechanistic embedding of concise physiological absorption models for enhanced prediction in population pharmacokinetic modeling of oral ibuprofen","authors":"Enwei Bu , Xiaotian Wu , Jun Li , Jiangning Hu , Jianhong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ibuprofen, a commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), exhibits considerable variability in pharmacokinetics following oral administration, particularly during the absorption phase. This study aimed to enhance the mechanistic understanding of ibuprofen absorption by developing and integrating physiologically-informed models of absorption within a population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) framework. Using existing datasets of ibuprofen plasma concentrations, two one-compartment PopPK models with linear elimination were developed: the Sequential Absorption Pharmacokinetic (SAPK) model, which accounts for pH-dependent gastrointestinal absorption, and the Partial Absorption Pharmacokinetic (PAPK) model, which reflects absorption triggered by gastric emptying. Both models adequately described the observed concentration–time profiles and explained individual variability in absorption. These findings offer valuable insight into ibuprofen absorption kinetics and support the advancement of personalized dosing strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51119,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 109546"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109540
Daiver Cardona-Salgado , Yves Dumont , Olga Vasilieva
The Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri) is a major agricultural pest and the principal vector of Huanglongbing (HLB), a devastating citrus disease. Thus, its control is of utmost importance: since D. citri mates multiple times, the use of mating disruption has the potential to reduce or eliminate populations. In this work, we develop a sex-structured, piecewise smooth dynamical system modeling the natural population dynamics of D. citri, focusing on adult stages and mating behavior. The main goal of this manuscript is to show that the population of D. citri, when near a locally asymptotically stable equilibrium, can be effectively suppressed using pheromone traps via two control strategies, mating disruption and male-targeted removal. For this reason, we focus on local stability analysis and the design of practical control interventions that are biologically meaningful and implementable. By applying a feed-forward control approach, which only requires assessing the initial size of the psyllid population, we identify the threshold as a function of the two control parameters above which a local insect elimination is reachable. We also show that a feedback control with periodic assessments of the wild population sizes is applicable, and then deduce that a mixed-type control regime, combining both studied control approaches, yields the best results. We present several simulations to illustrate our theoretical findings and to estimate the minimal amount of pheromones and time needed to reach the local elimination of existing psyllids. Finally, we discuss possible implementations of our results as a part of Integrated Pest Management programs.
{"title":"Natural population dynamics of Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, and its control based on pheromone trapping","authors":"Daiver Cardona-Salgado , Yves Dumont , Olga Vasilieva","doi":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Asian citrus psyllid (<em>Diaphorina citri</em>) is a major agricultural pest and the principal vector of Huanglongbing (HLB), a devastating citrus disease. Thus, its control is of utmost importance: since <em>D. citri</em> mates multiple times, the use of mating disruption has the potential to reduce or eliminate populations. In this work, we develop a sex-structured, piecewise smooth dynamical system modeling the natural population dynamics of <em>D. citri</em>, focusing on adult stages and mating behavior. The main goal of this manuscript is to show that the population of <em>D. citri</em>, when near a locally asymptotically stable equilibrium, can be effectively suppressed using pheromone traps via two control strategies, mating disruption and male-targeted removal. For this reason, we focus on local stability analysis and the design of practical control interventions that are biologically meaningful and implementable. By applying a feed-forward control approach, which only requires assessing the initial size of the psyllid population, we identify the threshold as a function of the two control parameters above which a local insect elimination is reachable. We also show that a feedback control with periodic assessments of the wild population sizes is applicable, and then deduce that a mixed-type control regime, combining both studied control approaches, yields the best results. We present several simulations to illustrate our theoretical findings and to estimate the minimal amount of pheromones and time needed to reach the local elimination of existing psyllids. Finally, we discuss possible implementations of our results as a part of Integrated Pest Management programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51119,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 109540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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