Japanese Dental Science Review最新文献

Binary titanium-zirconium alloys have been studied as promising alternatives for Ti implants. The commercial Ti-15Zr alloy (Roxolid, Straumann) has been the major subject of numerous binary Ti-Zr alloys-related studies and has gained wide recognition in laboratory studies and clinical practices. However, binary Ti-Zr alloys of other composition ratios are still being investigated by researchers. This review aims to provide information on the potential of binary Ti-Zr alloys other than Ti-15Zr as implant materials in terms of mechanical strengths, chemical or electrochemical corrosion resistance capabilities, and biological performances. In addition, in this review, the Ti-15Zr alloy is discussed only when compared with other binary Ti-Zr alloys. From the included 26 studies, it is confirmed that the mechanical, chemical, electrochemical, and biological properties of Ti-Zr alloys are related to the Ti and Zr composition ratio in the alloy, phase, manufacturing process, and surface treatment. Among the studied alloys, α-or α′ phase-Ti-5 wt, 45 wt/30at, and 50 wt. %Zr exhibited relatively more promising results for further investigation. More research is necessary to evaluate the potential for future use of these materials for implants.

The mechanisms modulated by periodontal pathogens in atherosclerosis are not fully understood. Aim: to perform an integrative analysis of gene and protein expression modulated by periodontal pathogens in cells and animal models for atherosclerosis.

Methods

Cochrane, PRISMA and AMSTAR2 guidelines for systematic reviews were followed. Data search was conducted in Pub-med, LILACS and Science Direct databases. Gene and protein expression data were collected from the included papers to perform an overrepresentation analysis using the Reactome Pathway Analysis tool and the KEGG database.

Results

Thirty-two papers were included in the review, they analyzed the effect of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus sanguinis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola or/and their virulent factors on gene and protein expression in human cells and animal models of atherosclerosis. Some of the modulated pathways include the immune system, programmed cell death, cellular responses to external stimuli, transport of small molecules, and signal transduction (p < 0.05). Those pathways are known to be involved in different stages of atherosclerosis progression.

Conclusion

Based on the performed analysis, it is possible to state that periodontal pathogens have the potential to be a contributing factor for atherosclerosis even in absence of a high-fat diet or high shear stress.

(IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated fibrotic disorder characterized by severe resolution of inflammation and dysregulation of wound healing. IgG4-RD has been considered a unique disease since 2003, and significant progress has been achieved in the understanding of its essential features. The central role of B cells in IgG4-RD has been demonstrated by the robust clinical responsiveness of IgG4-RD to B cell depletion and the identification of multiple self-antigens that promote B cell expansion. Studies have increasingly revealed critical roles of these B cells and T cells in the pathogenesis of IgG4-RD, and we and other authors further identified CD4⁺ cytotoxic T lymphocytes as the main tissue-infiltrating CD4⁺ T cell subset in IgG4-RD tissues. Additionally, T follicular helper cell subsets that play a role in IgG4 isotype switching have been identified. In this review, we discuss research on IgG4-RD and the roles of B cell and T cell subsets, as well as the functions of CD4⁺ cytotoxic T cells in IgG4-RD pathogenesis. We highlight our findings from ongoing research using single-cell analysis of infiltrating CD4⁺ cytotoxic T cells, CD4⁺ follicular helper T cells, and infiltrating B cells in IgG4-RD and propose a model for the pathogenesis of IgG4-RD.

Background

There has been a debate about the use of Hall Technique (HT), whether it can be considered as a standard technique for the management of carious primary molars.

Aim

To summarise the evidence on HT for managing dentine caries in primary teeth.

Design

MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL and Epistemonikos databases were searched for clinical studies conducted from 2007 to 2021 evaluating HT in primary teeth. Two reviewers independently screened, data extracted and quality assessed the studies.

Results

Eleven publications from eight unique studies were included. Four were of low risk of bias overall and five studies were included in a meta-analysis. Overall, HT was 49 % (RR 1.49 [95 % CI: 1.15–1.93], I² =89.5 %, p < 0.001) more likely to succeed. When compared to direct restorations, HT was 80 % more likely to succeed; while similar success was found when compared to conventional preformed metal crowns. HT was also over 6 times (RR 0.16 [95 %CI: 0.10–0.27], I² =0 %, p < 0.001) less likely to fail. Most of the studies included proximal or multi-surface lesions.

Conclusions

HT is successful option for the management of caries in primary teeth, particularly for proximal or multi-surface dentine lesions. It is well-tolerated by children and acceptable to parent, with mild adverse effects reported.

Numerous laboratory evaluations have been conducted since Dr. Rafael Bowen introduced a method for determining the bond strengths of adhesive systems to dental substrates in 1965. Most of the past studies have been conducted using static bond strength tests, such as shear and tensile bond strength testing with either macro or micro sized specimens. These static bond strength tests are conducted using a monotonically increasing load in which stress is applied continuously until failure occurs. Although the type of stress that develops in static bond strength tests is not typically encountered in clinical situations, over the years clinicians have based their choice of adhesive systems for use in daily practice on the results of such tests. However, some well-known researchers have reported that the results obtained from static bond strength testing may have limited clinical relevance and should not be used only by themselves to make recommendations for clinical use. In clinical situations, restorations undergo cyclic stress during mastication at stress levels well below the breaking stress used in static bond strength tests. Thus, dynamic bond strength tests, using cyclic loading, should be more clinically relevant than static bond strength tests. Over 15 years, a testing method designed to assess fatigue bond strengths of dental adhesive systems has been developed through inter-collegial and international collaborative efforts. This review discusses the development of fatigue bond strength testing methodology, provides both a historical perspective and current information regarding available testing data for all categories of adhesive systems to enamel and dentin and perspectives on the future development of both adhesive systems and testing methods.

Root caries is a growing problem for the worldwide aging population. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) contains high concentrations of silver and fluoride ions, which prevents and arrests root caries, as well as dentin caries in the primary teeth of young children. Unlike other fluoride products that mainly reduce the formation of new carious lesions, 38% SDF is an effective agent that can efficiently arrest the carious process, remineralize the decayed dental tissues, and protect the tooth structure against the formation of new caries lesions. The use of SDF can result in more caries-resistant tooth structures. Despite these merits, its clinical disadvantages are the deep penetration of silver ions and sequential formation of silver compounds, which cause esthetic concern due to the discoloration and impaired efficacy of dentin bonding after using SDF. Thus, this narrative review, by addressing the primary experimental results and clinical applications of SDF on root caries, proposes management methods for root caries in conjunction with the application of SDF. We propose a two-visit treatment protocol to take advantage of the SDF application for root surface caries and utilize the discoloration caused by SDF.

Since most of the reports of BRONJ onset are adults, in order to clarify the current situation of BRONJ onset in children, it is necessary to search for articles and report on the current status and actual conditions of surgical treatment of children with BP preparations who are being followed up in our clinic.

In previous reports both inside and outside Japan, there was no mention of jaw bone necrosis during tooth extraction or surgery in children who were receiving or had a history of BP administration.

There were 15 children with a history of BP administration who manage the oral cavity in our clinic. No unpleasant events in the extraction of deciduous teeth were confirmed in medical records. It is necessary to intervene early on oral management of pediatric BP-administered children, especially BP-and steroid-administered children, obtain plaque control to keep the oral cavity cleaner, respond early to infectious diseases, and manage to prevent inflammation from spreading to the jawbone. When surgical treatment is unavoidable, it is important to consider reducing the invasion as much as possible and to cooperate with the medical department such as administration of antibiotics to prevent infection.

Background

Ongoing research in the dental field has begun to focus on the use of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF) as a regenerative tool with the potential to prompt tissue regeneration. In this regard, this systematic scoping review aimed to collect, map, and appraise the in vitro and in vivo studies regarding the role of I-PRF in or soft and hard tissue regeneration in relation to oral and maxillofacial structures.

Methods

A systematic electronic search of Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases was performed from 2000 to December 2021 using a combination of keywords. All in vitro and in vivo studies, written in English and concerning the potential role of I-PRF in regenerative dentistry were considered.

Results

In total, 18 in vitro studies, 5 animal studies, 6 case reports, and 31 clinical studies have evaluated the effect of I-PRF on oral and maxillofacial soft and hard tissue regeneration. The investigated studies verified the anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial efficacy and the positive effects of I-PRF application for wound, periodontal, bone, cartilage, and pulp regeneration, as well as acceleration in tooth movement during orthodontic treatment.

Conclusions

Current literature approves the feasibility of I-PRF application as a promising regenerative adjunct to dental procedures.

The National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan (NDB) is a database including health insurance claim and specific health checkup data. Observational studies using real-world big data attract attention because they have certain strengths, including external validity and a large sample size. This review focused on research using the dental formula of the NDB because the number of teeth is an important indicator of oral health. The number of teeth present calculated using the dental formula of periodontitis patients was similar to that from the Survey of Dental Diseases. In addition, the graphs of the presence rates of tooth types by 5-year age groups from the NDB were smoother and had less overlap than those from the Survey of Dental Diseases, and they could detect slight changes in the presence rate that reflected sugar consumption before and after World War II. Using the NDB, a low number of teeth was associated with high medical care expenditures, high risk of aspiration pneumonia, and high risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Although there are some restrictions on the use of the NDB, we hope that dental research using the NDB will be further promoted in the future.

Selective constraint and pressures upon the host tissues often signifies a beneficial microbiome in any species. In the context of oral microbiome this displays a healthy microbial cosmos resisting the colonization and helps in rendering protection. This review highlights the endeavors of the oral microbiome beyond the bacteriome encompassing virome, mycobiome, protozoa and archaeomes in maintaining the oral homeostasis in health and disease. Scientific data based on the peer-reviewed publications on the microbial communities of the oral microbiome were selected and collated from the scientific database collection sites of web of science (WOS), pubmed central, Inspec etc., from 2010 to 2021 using the search key words like oral microbiome, oral microbiota, oral virome, oral bacteriome, oral mycobiome and oral archaeome. Data excluded were from conference proceedings, abstracts and book chapters. The oral homeostasis in both the health and disease conditions, mostly is balanced by the unrevealed virome, mycobiome, oral protozoa and archaeome. The review documents the need to comprehend the diversity that prevails among the kingdoms in order to determine the specific role played by each domain. Oral microbiome is also a novel research arena to develop drug and targeted therapies to treat various oro-dental infections.