Child Abuse & Neglect最新文献_第4页

Investigating the disparities among child sexual abuse material users: Anonymous self-reports from both charged and uncharged individuals

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107299

Hanna-Mari Lahtinen , Kirsi Honkalampi , Tegan Insoll , Juha Nurmi , Ethel Quayle , Anna Katariina Ovaska , Nina Vaaranen-Valkonen

Background

The dark web has become a more prevalent platform for the distribution of child sexual abuse material (CSAM). Most CSAM users remain undetected by law enforcement, and little is known about the population not convicted.

Objective

The aim of the study was to contribute to the research on CSAM users by investigating the differences between CSAM users who self-report having been charged for sexual offenses against a child or an adult and those who self-report not having been charged of such offenses.

Participants and setting

We analyzed anonymous survey data from 2384 respondents who sought CSAM on the dark web. Most of the respondents were young males (18–34-year-olds) searching for material depicting girls. The sample was divided into three groups: 1) those who admitted to having been charged for sexual offenses against children (CS offenders, n = 474); 2) those who admitted to having been charged for sexual offenses against adults (AS offenders, n = 620); and 3) those who admitted to no charges (NC group, n = 1290).

Methods

We used multinomial logistic regression analysis to analyze differences in self-reported behavior and motivation to access CSAM between the three groups.

Results

Those who had a previous history of violent offenses, had groomed children online, had physical contact with children, and searched for material depicting infants and toddlers were significantly more likely to belong to the CS or AS offenders group.

Conclusions

We found significant differences between the groups in their individual, motivational, and behavioral characteristics that have important implications for investigating sexual crimes and assessing and treating sexual offenders.

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引用次数: 0

A latent class analysis of technology-facilitated sexual violence: Associations to other victimizations, psychiatric symptoms, and gender

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107309

Frida Carlberg Rindestig , Katja Gillander Gådin , Linda Jonsson , Carl-Göran Svedin , Åsa Landberg , Inga Dennhag

Background

Poly-victimization research has shown the cumulative detrimental effects of violence exposure on mental health. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) of victimization is a growing research field uncovering specific combinations of violence exposures particularly negative to mental health. Despite a growing concern of technology-facilitated violence (TFSV), it is scarcely included in LCA studies.

Objectives

Investigating victimization typologies that includes technology facilitated sexual violence.

Participants and setting

Cross-sectional survey data from a representative sample of Swedish young people in the age range of 16–23 (N = 3243, mean age = 18.20, SD = 0.61).

Methods

A Latent Class Analysis was conducted using the package PoLCA in R. A model with three classes was deemed to best fit the data.

Results

Class 1 (sexual polyvictimization, 10.1 %) had high probabilities of all forms of sexual violence including TFSV and the highest proportion of psychiatric diagnosis (45.2 %). This class consisted of mostly girls. Class 2 (child abuse polyvictimization,14.8 %) was characterized by high probabilities of physical and psychological child abuse and had an even gender distribution. 30.6 % of this class endorsed having a psychiatric diagnosis. Class 3 (75.1 %) was a low victimization/normative subgroup with an even gender distribution and a low (12.8 %) frequency of psychiatric diagnosis. Class 1 exhibited the highest levels of psychiatric symptoms.

Conclusions

Prevention efforts targeted against TFSV should consider the whole web of violence that some young people are situated in. Since TFSV seems to be connected to psychiatric symptoms and diagnosis, Child- and Adolescent Psychiatric services should pay more attention to this type of violence among their young patients.

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引用次数: 0

Associations between childhood abuse, exposure to domestic violence, and the risk of later violent revictimization in Australia

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107314

Nina Papalia , Abigail Sheed , Erika Fortunato , Jillian J. Turanovic , Ben Mathews , Benjamin Spivak

Background

Childhood abuse and domestic violence exposure are pervasive and linked to many adverse outcomes, including revictimization across the lifespan. Few studies examine the associations between types and combinations of childhood abuse and later revictimization using large representative samples of the general population, especially in the Australian context.

Objective

To examine the associations between childhood physical abuse, sexual abuse, and exposure to domestic violence before 15 years of age and lifetime physical and sexual violence revictimization since 15 years of age.

Participants and setting

Secondary analysis of the Australian Bureau of Statistics 2016 Personal Safety Survey, which collected cross-sectional information on experiences of violence among 21,242 community-dwelling adult men and women.

Methods

Regression analyses to determine whether experiences of childhood abuse and domestic violence were associated with lifetime physical and/or sexual revictimization, controlling for demographic, socio-economic and area-level characteristics.

Results

All three types of childhood abuse/domestic violence exposure, occurring alone or in combination, were associated with higher odds of lifetime physical and/or sexual revictimization in adjusted models; associations were generally strongest for those who experienced multiple types. Men generally reported higher rates of physical revictimization while women reported higher rates of sexual revictimization; however, sex differences varied according to the types of childhood abuse/domestic violence experienced.

Conclusions

Findings add nuance to the understanding of associations between childhood abuse, domestic violence exposure, and later revictimization in a large Australian sample. Preventing children's experiences of abuse and violence, and intervening early to mitigate harms, may help to reduce violence across the lifespan.

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引用次数: 0

Workplace experiences of nurses in their role as child abuse and neglect mandated reporters

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107250

Anna Winqust , Ekaterina Burduli , Linda L. Eddy , Tullamora Landis Giardino , Jennifer Fraser , Celestina Barbosa Leiker

Background

Nurses are mandated to report child abuse and neglect (CAN) cases; however, nurses may not be fully trained and supported in this role. Creating a workplace environment that actively engages and supports nurses is crucial for optimizing their effectiveness in fulfilling their reporting responsibilities.

Objective

This study explored the experiences of nurses reporting child abuse and neglect in the workplace and highlighted the barriers and facilitators of nurses in this role. Participants and Setting: Recruitment took place primarily in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. This study reports on the qualitative responses provided by a subset (34–47 %) of the 166 respondents to the parent online survey.

Methods

Nurses responded to three prompts: 1) what went well, 2) what did not go well, and 3) what would support them in the role as mandated reporters. A reflexive thematic analysis was chosen to offer rich interpretation of meaning, in-depth understanding, and patterned meaning of responses.

Findings

Of 166 respondents, 25 % (n = 42) answered the three questions. The themes and subthemes captured conceptual patterns of meaning on how to support nurses in the workplace as mandated reporters. Central organizing concepts included interprofessional collaboration, transparent protocols, responsive child welfare services, ongoing CAN education, and acknowledgment of the nurse-patient relationship.

Conclusions

This study offered insights into the workplace experiences of nurses acting as CAN mandated reporters. These barriers and facilitators can be addressed to produce better prepared and confident CAN nurse reporters.

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the relationship between facets of childhood trauma and violent injury risk during adulthood: A dominance analysis study

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107307

Faith A. McLaurin , Samuel J. West , Nicholas D. Thomson

Background

Research on childhood maltreatment indicates that it is positively linked with exposure to violence during childhood and later in life. Various forms of maltreatment during childhood (e.g., physical abuse, emotional neglect) are specifically linked to a greater likelihood of violent victimization and perpetration during adulthood. Similarly, adults who report experiences of childhood maltreatment are at an elevated risk of sustaining violent injuries requiring hospitalization. Despite the links between maltreatment and the risk of violence exposure, the relative importance of the forms of maltreatment as predictors remains unclear.

Objective

This study aimed to identify the most important form of child maltreatment in predicting the risk of violent injuries in adulthood.

Participants and setting

Participants (N = 367) were patients in treatment at a level-1 trauma center following a violent injury.

Methods

We compared the five forms of childhood maltreatment as predictors of the number of violent injuries sustained over the life course using a dominance analysis approach.

Results

Our initial regression analyses revealed that a negative binomial model (Nagelkerke's R² = 0.17) fit our data best due to the zero-inflated nature of our data. Dominance analyses revealed that emotional abuse (pooled Nagelkerke's R² = 0.07) completely dominated all other forms of maltreatment.

Conclusions

Emotional abuse childhood is the most important predictor of violent injury risk during adulthood after accounting for the multicollinearity shared among indicators of childhood maltreatment.

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引用次数: 0

Balancing risk and resilience: Amplifying the voices of the children and mothers in Kalighat red light area

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107313

Biswadeep Bhattacharyya

Background

Irrespective of the surrounding debate on the morality of sex work as a profession, academia has largely overlooked the toxic and violent environment that surrounds the children of female sex workers in red light areas. For instance, the existing literature seems to be only driven by objectives (and often in singularity) like access to education, models of family and care, and not paying enough attention to the voices of the children, their experiences wants and desires.

Objective

The study aimed to amplify the voices of the children of the Kalighat red light area, gain a holistic understanding of the challenges they face, and plan and implement interventions that prioritize their well-being. In the process, it also delves deep into understanding how female sex workers (who are also mothers) protect their children from the pervasive violence faced in their setting.

Participants and setting

The study includes 10 consenting children (aged between 12 and 17) and 5 female sex workers from the Kalighat red light area in West Bengal, India.

Methods

The researcher conducted Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with the children of female sex workers and carried out in-depth interviews with the female sex workers themselves.

Results

The findings of the study uncover six themes namely, Unveiling Hidden Trauma; Barriers to Education and Social Mobility in Kalighat Red Light Area; Challenges in Establishing Personal Boundaries; Self-Awareness and Personal Agency as a Coping Mechanism; Adaptive Resilience and Coping Strategies; and Vigilance and Long-Term Planning.

Conclusion

The voices of children in the Kalighat red light area illuminate the pressing need for holistic interventions.

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引用次数: 0

Adverse childhood experiences, anger, and violence among justice-involved youth: A network analysis

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107301

Nan Li , Matt Shelton , Elena L. Grigorenko

Background

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a complex construct that can be viewed as a network of interconnected adversities, with some interactions being substantially stronger than others. However, relatively little is known about the complex interactions between adversities in justice-involved youth (JIY). Moreover, even less is known about the pathways through which early adverse experiences contribute to violent offending.

Objective

The present study aimed to identify the most influential adverse event(s) within a network structure of adversity. It also investigated one of the pathways through which ACEs contributed to violent offending.

Participants and setting

We used archival data consisting of 4591 JIY in a large urban juvenile probation department in Texas, United States.

Methods

We employed network analysis to investigate the network structure of ten types of adversity and how the complex interactions of adversity contributed to violent offending through the pathway of anger.

Results

The network analysis results revealed that physical abuse and physical neglect were the most influential adversities within the ACEs network. Anger was positively and directly linked to all adversities except parental separation/divorce, controlling for other adversities in the network. Only emotional abuse and anger directly predicted the higher likelihood of violent offending within the one-year follow-up, accounting for the effects of other adversities in the model.

Conclusion

Given the complexity of existing evidence-based interventions, combined with the limited resources in the juvenile justice system, tailoring these interventions specifically related to physical abuse and physical neglect could enhance feasibility without significantly compromising effectiveness for JIY. The deleterious impact of anger on violent offending highlights the need for interventions that address not only the broader system of environmental risks but also person-level criminogenic needs.

{"title":"Adverse childhood experiences, anger, and violence among justice-involved youth: A network analysis","authors":"Nan Li , Matt Shelton , Elena L. Grigorenko","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a complex construct that can be viewed as a network of interconnected adversities, with some interactions being substantially stronger than others. However, relatively little is known about the complex interactions between adversities in justice-involved youth (JIY). Moreover, even less is known about the pathways through which early adverse experiences contribute to violent offending.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The present study aimed to identify the most influential adverse event(s) within a network structure of adversity. It also investigated one of the pathways through which ACEs contributed to violent offending.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>We used archival data consisting of 4591 JIY in a large urban juvenile probation department in Texas, United States.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We employed network analysis to investigate the network structure of ten types of adversity and how the complex interactions of adversity contributed to violent offending through the pathway of anger.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The network analysis results revealed that physical abuse and physical neglect were the most influential adversities within the ACEs network. Anger was positively and directly linked to all adversities except parental separation/divorce, controlling for other adversities in the network. Only emotional abuse and anger directly predicted the higher likelihood of violent offending within the one-year follow-up, accounting for the effects of other adversities in the model.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Given the complexity of existing evidence-based interventions, combined with the limited resources in the juvenile justice system, tailoring these interventions specifically related to physical abuse and physical neglect could enhance feasibility without significantly compromising effectiveness for JIY. The deleterious impact of anger on violent offending highlights the need for interventions that address not only the broader system of environmental risks but also person-level criminogenic needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 107301"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143369797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Free under kinship care? A phenomenological exploration of reintegrated victims of child trafficking in Ghana

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107311

Bernard Koomson , Kwame Adusei , Dawuda Abdulai

Background

The discourse on post-rescue experiences of formerly trafficked children is gradually gaining traction following recent critiques of anti-trafficking policy. Post-rescue discourses primarily aim to examine the best possible environment necessary for rehabilitation and reintegration of formerly trafficked children. In developing countries such as Ghana, formerly trafficked children are mostly placed in kinship care.

Objective

The study explored experiences of formerly trafficked children who have been reintegrated under the care of kin by child rights NGOs.

Participants and study area

The study draws on phenomenological interviews with 22 formerly trafficked children in Winneba who have been reintegrated under the care of kin.

Results

The study revealed mixed experiences for formerly trafficked children placed in kinship care. Specifically, while care by grandparents yielded positive outcomes for most formerly trafficked children, while care by other relatives was not particularly pleasant. Some of the formerly trafficked children combined work with schooling and apprenticeship training, while others had completely dropped out of school in pursuit of work.

Conclusions

This paper argues for the need to recognise and address the socio-economic factors that underline the trafficking of children in Ghana.

{"title":"Free under kinship care? A phenomenological exploration of reintegrated victims of child trafficking in Ghana","authors":"Bernard Koomson , Kwame Adusei , Dawuda Abdulai","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The discourse on post-rescue experiences of formerly trafficked children is gradually gaining traction following recent critiques of anti-trafficking policy. Post-rescue discourses primarily aim to examine the best possible environment necessary for rehabilitation and reintegration of formerly trafficked children. In developing countries such as Ghana, formerly trafficked children are mostly placed in kinship care.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The study explored experiences of formerly trafficked children who have been reintegrated under the care of kin by child rights NGOs.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and study area</h3><div>The study draws on phenomenological interviews with 22 formerly trafficked children in Winneba who have been reintegrated under the care of kin.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study revealed mixed experiences for formerly trafficked children placed in kinship care. Specifically, while care by grandparents yielded positive outcomes for most formerly trafficked children, while care by other relatives was not particularly pleasant. Some of the formerly trafficked children combined work with schooling and apprenticeship training, while others had completely dropped out of school in pursuit of work.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This paper argues for the need to recognise and address the socio-economic factors that underline the trafficking of children in Ghana.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 107311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143369833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Children's right to participation in the context of child abuse and neglect.

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107304

Hanita Kosher, Asher Ben-Arieh

引用次数: 0

The mediating role of childhood emotional neglect in the association between childhood neighborhood quality and adult depression outcomes: A nationwide longitudinal analysis

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107294

Chen Zhang , Jingsong Chen , Yongzhang Lai

Background

Depression is a prevalent mental health disorder with personal and societal costs. Childhood experiences, including neighborhood quality and emotional neglect, may influence adult depression risk.

Objective

To examine the relationships between childhood neighborhood quality (CNQ), childhood emotional neglect (CEN), and adult depressive symptoms, and investigate the potential mediating role of CEN.

Participants and setting

15,730 Chinese adults aged 45 and above from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

Methods

Weighted multiple regression, Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) mediation and Bootstrap mediation analyses were conducted to assess the relationships between CNQ, CEN, and adult depressive symptoms and depression risk, using longitudinal data.

Results

Higher CNQ was associated with lower depressive symptoms (β = −0.316, p < 0.001) and depression risk (β = −0.084, p < 0.001). Higher CEN was associated with increased depressive symptoms (β = 0.084, p < 0.01) and depression risk (β = 0.020, p > 0.05). CEN partially mediated the relationship between CNQ and depressive symptoms (KHB: β = −0.010, p < 0.01; Bootstrap: β = −0.007, p < 0.05) and depression risk (KHB: β = −0.003, p < 0.05; Bootstrap: β = −0.002, p > 0.05), accounting for 3.50 % (KHB) and 2.36 % (bootstrap) of the total effects for depressive symptoms, and 3.82 % (KHB) and 1.97 % (bootstrap) for depression risk.

Conclusions

Both CNQ and CEN independently influence adult depression, with CEN partially mediating the CNQ-depression relationship. These findings suggest that interventions targeting both neighborhood conditions and family environments may be crucial for preventing adult depression.

{"title":"The mediating role of childhood emotional neglect in the association between childhood neighborhood quality and adult depression outcomes: A nationwide longitudinal analysis","authors":"Chen Zhang , Jingsong Chen , Yongzhang Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Depression is a prevalent mental health disorder with personal and societal costs. Childhood experiences, including neighborhood quality and emotional neglect, may influence adult depression risk.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine the relationships between childhood neighborhood quality (CNQ), childhood emotional neglect (CEN), and adult depressive symptoms, and investigate the potential mediating role of CEN.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>15,730 Chinese adults aged 45 and above from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Weighted multiple regression, Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) mediation and Bootstrap mediation analyses were conducted to assess the relationships between CNQ, CEN, and adult depressive symptoms and depression risk, using longitudinal data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher CNQ was associated with lower depressive symptoms (β = −0.316, <em>p</em> < 0.001) and depression risk (β = −0.084, p < 0.001). Higher CEN was associated with increased depressive symptoms (β = 0.084, <em>p</em> < 0.01) and depression risk (β = 0.020, <em>p</em> > 0.05). CEN partially mediated the relationship between CNQ and depressive symptoms (KHB: β = −0.010, p < 0.01; Bootstrap: β = −0.007, <em>p</em> < 0.05) and depression risk (KHB: β = −0.003, p < 0.05; Bootstrap: β = −0.002, <em>p</em> > 0.05), accounting for 3.50 % (KHB) and 2.36 % (bootstrap) of the total effects for depressive symptoms, and 3.82 % (KHB) and 1.97 % (bootstrap) for depression risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Both CNQ and CEN independently influence adult depression, with CEN partially mediating the CNQ-depression relationship. These findings suggest that interventions targeting both neighborhood conditions and family environments may be crucial for preventing adult depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 107294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143359845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0