Child Abuse & Neglect最新文献

{"title":"Fracture patterns in suspected non-accidental injury across neurodevelopmental milestones: A systematic review and evidence-informed plausibility framework","authors":"Daniela Alessia Marletta ,&nbsp;Gabriele Giuca ,&nbsp;Danilo Leonetti ,&nbsp;Federico Chiodini ,&nbsp;Maurizio De Pellegrin ,&nbsp;Nicola Guindani","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Determining whether a pediatric fracture is congruent with the reported mechanism is challenging even with age-based guidance. We synthesize fracture evidence by neurodevelopmental milestones to organize plausibility judgments that augment, not replace, multidisciplinary abuse evaluations.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To synthesize evidence linking fracture patterns to developmental milestones in children ≤36 months evaluated for suspected non-accidental injury (NAI) and to propose a milestone-anchored, evidence-informed plausibility framework.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following PRISMA 2020, we searched PubMed, Embase and Scopus from inception to 19 August 2025. Two reviewers independently screened/extracted data and assessed risk of bias (Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for cohort/case-control). Protocol registration: PROSPERO CRD420251120765. Eligibility required data linking fracture type/location to age or explicit motor milestones (e.g., pre-rolling, crawling and walking). Quantitative synthesis was restricted to within-cohort strata: we calculated stratum-specific odds ratios, a Mantel–Haenszel within-cohort stratified pooled estimate across long-bone strata and (where informative) Bayesian Beta–Binomial posterior summaries; cross-cohort pooling was avoided because of cohort overlap and heterogeneous abuse determination.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Across primary studies, non-ambulatory infants with long-bone (diaphyseal) fractures had markedly higher odds of abuse than ambulatory toddlers (within-cohort pooled OR 15.12, 95 % CI 2.88–79.36). Infants &lt;12 months with rib fractures had abuse prevalences 67–82 % when motor-vehicle crashes and bone disease were included and ~91 % when excluded; rib fracture location was not independently associated with abuse likelihood. Classic metaphyseal lesions (CMLs) are highly suggestive, though not pathognomonic, of abuse in non-ambulatory infants. In one cohort, multiple fractures were present in 84 % (16/19) of children reported as suspected abuse. Collectively, findings support a milestone-aware approach to plausibility.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Fracture patterns correlate with developmental capabilities. Organized by milestones, these data inform, but do not determine, abuse evaluations and should be integrated with history, examination, guideline-concordant imaging, differential for bone fragility when indicated and multidisciplinary assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 107807"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145580123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Youth receiving protection and advocacy services in the COVID-19 pandemic: Impacts and service recommendations from the perspectives of youth and their supporters","authors":"David B. Nicholas ,&nbsp;Kim Spicer ,&nbsp;Hilary Nelson ,&nbsp;Rosslynn T. Zulla ,&nbsp;Melissa Mostert","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>There has been limited research examining the perspectives of children and youth receiving protective services during the COVID-19 pandemic, despite reported challenges of unmet support needs due to reduced services.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to elicit experiences in navigating the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of youth receiving child/youth protection and advocacy services, and that of their supporters/advocates. Participants were invited to reflect on their experiences in the pandemic and offer recommendations for better supporting youth during a pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>Using a convenience sampling approach, 32 participants were recruited for study participation. They comprised youth receiving child/youth protection and advocacy services (<em>n</em> = 10), peer mentors (e.g., young adults who had received and aged out of youth protective services) (<em>n</em> = 2), informal adult supporters/advocates such as foster parents (<em>n</em> = 4), and professional service providers/advocates serving youth who were receiving youth protection services (<em>n</em> = 16).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Semi-structured qualitative interviews were inductively analyzed based on line-by-line coding, code categorization, identification of themes, and mapping of themes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Support provided by child/youth protection and advocacy services were decreased or modified during the pandemic. Participants conveyed pandemic-related challenges both for youth and service providers, yet resilience among youth. Impacts on youth comprised mental health struggle, uncertainty and feeling alone, increased personal responsibility, personal coping strategies, and heightened recognition of system gaps. Recommendations for future pandemic planning and recovery are offered.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Critical struggles of youth in receipt of mandated protective and advocacy services, and their supporters resulted from service modifications in the pandemic. Results inform services, and call for action in advancing proactive pandemic/disaster planning in the child and youth care sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 107404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When services are no longer voluntary: Exploring child protection workers experiences with Black families and (in)voluntary services","authors":"Travonne Edwards ,&nbsp;Monique Kiara Clarke ,&nbsp;Alicia Boatswain-Kyte ,&nbsp;Bryn King","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While the overrepresentation of Black families in contact with the child welfare system is a well-established, how child welfare workers specifically engage Black families in voluntary services is poorly understood in Canada.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims (1) to explore workers' experiences of Black families engaging with voluntary services?; and (2) understand how workers' perceptions shape decision making practices as it relates to voluntary services. Methods: An interpretive phenomenological analysis approach is employed drawing on data collected as part of the Mapping Disparities for Black Families Project (MDBF). Data was collected via in-depth semi-structured interviews and focus groups with a total of 79 participants from April 2022 to January 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Results from this study reveal racial differences between Black and white families in child welfare practices related to consent and use of legal sanctions. Study findings also uncover a pattern of documenting and perceiving Black families as ‘aggressive’ in child welfare. Lastly, it was found that workers who effectively reframed perceived anger and other emotions in their interactions with Black families had greater engagement success.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Implications of this study highlight the fallacies of consent and voluntary services in child welfare. Findings from this study also suggest that narratives of Black families begin to form even before Black families are formally inducted into the child welfare process due to not only worker's preconceived bias ideas but also prejudicial reporting that is then reinforced by worker bias. Policy and practice recommendations are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 107817"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of the polyvictimization invasiveness and exploitativeness scale","authors":"Xiaoyuan Han ,&nbsp;Yiming Wang ,&nbsp;Weiyi Xie ,&nbsp;Kewen Wang ,&nbsp;Clifton R. Emery","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Polyvictimization refers to the experience of being subjected to multiple types of victimization. While the concept is widely recognized, the definitions and categories of victimization examined in different studies can vary significantly. This inconsistency in how polyvictimization is defined and measured can undermine the scientific impact of this research area. Given the complex nature of child polyvictimization, a reevaluation of the approach is necessary.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The 3-D polyvictimization theory proposes a multiplicative hypothesis between three key concepts: 1) invasiveness, 2) exploitativeness, and 3) severity. We created structured scale measures for invasiveness and exploitativeness to improve previous assessments.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>This study examined a Chinese version of the measure, which was translated from English. Expert reviewers (<em>n</em> = 6) evaluated the scale's face validity after developing an initial item pool. From December 2024 to February 2025, the scale was tested in two groups of adolescents from Eastern China (n1 = 495 and n2 = 461) to assess the scale's reliability and validity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Internal consistency reliability, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and convergent, divergent, and predictive validity were conducted to assess the scale's reliability and validity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Internal consistency reliability was strong (Cronbach's α = 0.95; McDonald's Omega = 0.97). Factor analyses yielded a ten-item two-dimensional scale with a robust model fit (SRMR = 0.04, CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.99; Model chi-square: <em>p</em> &gt; .05, RMSEA = 0.04). The scale has a strong correlation with established and validated measures of child polyvictimization (JVQ-R2) and shows a significant positive correlation with depression, demonstrating its predictive validity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The Polyvictimization Invasiveness and Exploitativeness Scale (PIES) has strong psychometric properties and will be valuable for assessing interventions related to polyvictimization or conducting studies where polyvictimization is a key concept or primary outcome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 107815"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Child maltreatment detection practices in Israeli pediatric emergency departments: A national study","authors":"Ravit Alfandari ,&nbsp;Tal Solomonica ,&nbsp;Tal Frolinger ,&nbsp;Michal Levy ,&nbsp;Amit Levin Koren ,&nbsp;Bat-El Rehavi Bernstein ,&nbsp;Ido Rivlin ,&nbsp;Asaf Schacham ,&nbsp;Eyal Heiman ,&nbsp;Yuval Barak-Corren","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Healthcare is a prominent governmental sector responsible for addressing and preventing child maltreatment. Yet underdetection of child maltreatment in health systems is a longstanding international concern.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This is the first national scale study investigating child maltreatment detection and management practices at hospital pediatric emergency departments in Israel, from the staff point of view. Given the current technological era, particular attention was given to hospital staff experiences using computerized systems.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>Participants were 179 healthcare professionals (46 % physicians, 41 % nurses, and 14 % social workers) employed in 22 hospitals around the country.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants completed an online questionnaire.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Findings indicate several patterns suggesting inadequate and insufficient practice, including underdetection of suspected child maltreatment cases and low confidence in identifying possible child sexual abuse. Being a parent was significantly and negatively associated with staff confidence in detecting physical abuse (β = −0.17, <em>p</em> = .046), sexual abuse (β = −0.19, <em>p</em> = .030), and neglect (β = −0.19, <em>p</em> = .036). The most common practice reported when faced with cases of suspected child maltreatment was to consult with multiprofessional staff members. Although most participants reported having prior academic or departmental training in child maltreatment, findings suggest training did not play a notable role in practice. A key finding was the underuse of computerized systems in hospitals to support practice.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Evidence suggests unsatisfactory quality of available computer materials and functions. Policymakers should mandate basic effective computing experience for staff members to improve practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 107813"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of pediatric injury reports to CPS by healthcare professionals","authors":"Molly C. Berkoff ,&nbsp;Sara J. Honaker ,&nbsp;Meghan E. Shanahan ,&nbsp;Anna E. Austin","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mandated reporting laws to child protective services (CPS) exist in all states and US territories. Concerns exist for the lack of confidence and education for general healthcare professionals when making reports to CPS.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We aimed to describe both the common injury characteristics and reasons for reports of suspected maltreatment to CPS by healthcare professionals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We reviewed narrative intake reports of young children (≤3 y) with poorly explained/unexplained injuries from a single state database from July 1, 2023, through December 31, 2023. Child characteristics and reporter characteristics were identified. Reports were coded for understanding maltreatment concerns, reason for report and possible distractors in reports.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 213 reports met criteria for inclusion. More than half of the reports were made for children younger than 12 months of age (62 %). The most common injury reported was a fracture (50 %) followed by bruise (33 %). Most reports were missing a specific maltreatment type of concern (70 %) and 4 % specifically stated no maltreatment concerns. When listed, the most common reason for healthcare professionals reporting was an unexplained/vague explanation for the injury (23 %). Distractors were noted and included 19 % of reports commenting on positive interactions of the family as well as 13 % stating the child was able to be discharged.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Narrative accounts of healthcare professional reports to CPS for young children with injuries lacked a clear understanding of the maltreatment concern. This can leave CPS with uncertainty in how to plan for safety of a child at initiation of an investigation. Improved collaboration between child welfare and healthcare professionals should include how to report and what to report at intake. This can ensure a clear understanding of the concerns for CPS and ultimately improve safety outcomes for children and families.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 107814"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145607203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family resource centers and the prevention of child maltreatment: A scoping review","authors":"Lacey Jenkins ,&nbsp;Catherine A. LaBrenz ,&nbsp;Damone Wisdom ,&nbsp;Christina Mecca-McClory","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Family Resource Centers have emerged globally as key community-based strategies for preventing child maltreatment. Rooted in a public health approach, Family Resource Centers aim to enhance protective factors, reduce risk factors, and support family and community well-being through accessible, prevention-focused services.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This scoping review synthesizes current research on the impact of Family Resource Centers, with a focus on their role in preventing child maltreatment and promoting family and community well-being.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>The review included 42 studies examining Family Resource Centers in various community-based contexts. Most studies focused on families with children, though population characteristics and geographic settings varied across the literature.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following established scoping review methodology, peer-reviewed articles and gray literature were systematically identified, screened, and analyzed. Data were extracted, and findings were thematically categorized.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four key themes emerged: (1) parenting practices and family well-being, (2) social support and community well-being, (3) child maltreatment, and (4) program satisfaction and engagement. Results suggest that Family Resource Centers have the potential to reduce child maltreatment and associated risk factors. However, limitations in the existing literature include methodological challenges, gaps in population representation, and uncertainty regarding direct impacts on child maltreatment rates.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Family Resource Centers hold significant potential as a public health strategy to prevent child maltreatment and strengthen family systems. Continued research is essential to address gaps, improve evaluation methods, and inform policy and practice to optimize Family Resource Center impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 107839"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145716594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aims & Scope","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0145-2134(25)00605-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0145-2134(25)00605-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 107848"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early life adversity and violent victimization in adulthood: Examining the moderating role of alcohol use","authors":"Anne C. Wingert ,&nbsp;Eric J. Connolly","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Early life adversities (ELAs) are positively associated with violent victimization in early adulthood. The use of maladaptive coping behaviors, such as alcohol use, may exacerbate risk for victimization during this life course period.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The current study assesses whether and to what extent the association between ELAs and violent victimization in adulthood varies across specific ELA type and the moderating role of alcohol use in late adolescence.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>Data are drawn from the Child and Young Adult Supplement of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (CNLSY), which has followed respondents from childhood to adulthood (<em>N</em> = 4105).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Negative binomial and logistic regression models are estimated to assess the independent effects of five different ELAs on overall, single, and chronic violent victimization. Multiplicative interaction terms are used to test for the moderating role of alcohol use.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Several ELAs were significantly associated with violent victimization across all three outcomes. Alcohol use significantly increased risk for overall violent victimization, but was not associated with single or chronic victimization. Contrary to expectations, alcohol use did not strengthen associations between ELAs and violent victimization. Rather, participants without a history of ELA who drank more frequently in adolescence were more likely to experience victimization later in life.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings suggest that ELAs are associated with risk for violent victimization in adulthood. Frequency of alcohol use appears to not strengthen these associations, calling for future efforts to clarify its role in the ELA-victimization relationship across the life course.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 107828"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145670766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregiver emotional support and adolescent trauma symptoms after sexual abuse: Adolescent age matters","authors":"Ernest N. Jouriles ,&nbsp;Melissa J. Sitton ,&nbsp;Rachel Chan ,&nbsp;Madeline Reedy ,&nbsp;David Rosenfield ,&nbsp;Renee McDonald","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adolescents who have been sexually abused often experience trauma symptoms, and caregiver emotional support has been highlighted as fundamental to the recovery process. Yet the benefits of caregiver emotional support may differ for adolescents of different ages.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study examines whether the relation between caregiver emotional support and adolescent trauma symptoms after sexual abuse varies across adolescents of different ages.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>Participants were 829 adolescents; 92.7 % were female and the remainder was male. All reported sexual abuse and were brought to a Children's Advocacy Center in the United States. The mean age was 13.98 years (<em>SD</em> = 1.78), and 62.7 % identified as Hispanic/Latine.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Adolescents reported on trauma symptoms and on general and abuse-specific emotional support received from a non-offending caregiver. Adolescents also reported on cumulative traumatic events and abuse severity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Adolescent age moderated the association between caregiver general emotional support and adolescent trauma symptoms (<em>B</em> = 0.08, <em>SEB</em> = 0.03, <em>t</em>[825] = 2.39, <em>p</em> = .017, <em>sr</em>² = 0.01), with a stronger association for younger adolescents than for older adolescents. Severity of the abuse accounted for some of the moderator effect in the total sample, but not in sensitivity analyses conducted with only female adolescents. Adolescent age did not moderate the association between abuse-specific emotional support and adolescent trauma symptoms (<em>B</em> = 0.03, <em>SEB</em> = 0.03, <em>t</em>[825] = 0.85, <em>p</em> = .397).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Caregiver general emotional support was more protective against trauma symptoms among younger, as compared to older, adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 107801"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145546717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}