Pub Date : 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107925
Michelle Voersaa Fisker , Rolf Lyneborg Lund
Background: Research has consistently shown that neighborhood are associated with child maltreatment; however, fewer studies have explored how such contextual factors shape the probability of out-of-home care placements, particularly in welfare-oriented systems like Denmark's. Objective: This study examines the extent to which neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage contributes to children's probability of out-of-home placement. Participants and Setting: The study draws on full-population register data from Denmark, encompassing all children placed in out-of-home care aged 0–17 between 2011 and 2022. Methods: Multilevel linear probability models were used to estimate the association between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and out-of-home care placement probability, adjusting for a rich set of family and individual covariates. Fixed effects for municipalities were included to account for administrative differences. Results: Findings show that neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage is significantly associated with the probability of out-of-home placement, even after adjusting for family and individual factors. However, the effect is modest in size and attenuates after full adjustment. Notably, placement probability is elevated even at moderate levels of disadvantage and flattens at the highest levels. These patterns likely reflect a combination of compositional confounding, selective institutional attention, and contextual buffering mechanisms. Conclusions: Neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage plays a role in shaping child welfare outcomes in Denmark, though its effect is contingent on broader institutional and social dynamics. These findings underscore the need to consider context-specific welfare logics when examining neighborhood effects on child welfare interventions.
{"title":"Neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and the probability of out-of-home care placement: A nationwide study of children using small-area data","authors":"Michelle Voersaa Fisker , Rolf Lyneborg Lund","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Background: Research has consistently shown that neighborhood are associated with child maltreatment; however, fewer studies have explored how such contextual factors shape the probability of out-of-home care placements, particularly in welfare-oriented systems like Denmark's. Objective: This study examines the extent to which neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage contributes to children's probability of out-of-home placement. Participants and Setting: The study draws on full-population register data from Denmark, encompassing all children placed in out-of-home care aged 0–17 between 2011 and 2022. Methods: Multilevel linear probability models were used to estimate the association between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and out-of-home care placement probability, adjusting for a rich set of family and individual covariates. Fixed effects for municipalities were included to account for administrative differences. Results: Findings show that neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage is significantly associated with the probability of out-of-home placement, even after adjusting for family and individual factors. However, the effect is modest in size and attenuates after full adjustment. Notably, placement probability is elevated even at moderate levels of disadvantage and flattens at the highest levels. These patterns likely reflect a combination of compositional confounding, selective institutional attention, and contextual buffering mechanisms. Conclusions: Neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage plays a role in shaping child welfare outcomes in Denmark, though its effect is contingent on broader institutional and social dynamics. These findings underscore the need to consider context-specific welfare logics when examining neighborhood effects on child welfare interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107925"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107897
Michael Ungar , Jan Höltge
Objective
While prior studies of youth who receive child welfare and community services (CWCS) has shown this population to be at greater risk for negative psychological and social outcomes, this study examines potential resilience-enabling patterns of housing and work and educational engagement that predict positive development while services are being accessed and after services end.
Method
A longitudinal sample consisting of 169 youth from Nova Scotia, Canada, who were receiving CWCS were surveyed annually from 2022 to 2024. At baseline, the mean age was 16.49 years (SD = 1.48, range = 14–19), 56.00% females, 78.10% self-identified as White, 85.50% were engaged in work and/or education, and 90.50% lived in self-directed or supported housing provided by child welfare and/or community services. Participants were grouped based on their trajectories in (A) housing and (B) engagement in work and/or education across three annual assessments. Repeated-measures ANOVAs examined within-group changes over time and between-group differences in temporal patterns of risk exposure, access to psychosocial and institutional resources, and behavioral outcomes.
Results
In total, 62.10% of participants remained consistently engaged in work and/or education throughout the study, 5.90% were consistently not engaged, 19.00% transitioned from engaged to disengaged, and 13.00% transitioned from disengaged to engaged by the end of the study. The majority of participants, 78.40%, lived in self-directed or supported housing throughout the study, while 10.80% transitioned into unstable housing and another 10.80% transitioned from unstable to stable housing during the study. Significant differences were found between housing trajectories regarding temporal patterns of future orientation, substance use, psychological resilience, and caregiver support. However, no significant differences were observed between the engagement in work and/or education trajectories. Within-group differences were found for certain housing and engagement trajectories across several variables.
Conclusions
The results show that helping youth who receive child welfare and community services transition into and maintain stable housing may lead to improvements in access to resilience-enabling resources that support positive development and prosocial behavioral outcomes. A pattern of housing stability for youth receiving services is also associated with decreases in risk exposure, while transitioning to unstable housing is predictive of increased substance use and decreased positive future orientation.
{"title":"The influence of housing, education and employment trajectories on mental health and behavioral outcomes for youth receiving child welfare and community services","authors":"Michael Ungar , Jan Höltge","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>While prior studies of youth who receive child welfare and community services (CWCS) has shown this population to be at greater risk for negative psychological and social outcomes, this study examines potential resilience-enabling patterns of housing and work and educational engagement that predict positive development while services are being accessed and after services end.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A longitudinal sample consisting of 169 youth from Nova Scotia, Canada, who were receiving CWCS were surveyed annually from 2022 to 2024. At baseline, the mean age was 16.49 years (SD = 1.48, range = 14–19), 56.00% females, 78.10% self-identified as White, 85.50% were engaged in work and/or education, and 90.50% lived in self-directed or supported housing provided by child welfare and/or community services. Participants were grouped based on their trajectories in (A) housing and (B) engagement in work and/or education across three annual assessments. Repeated-measures ANOVAs examined within-group changes over time and between-group differences in temporal patterns of risk exposure, access to psychosocial and institutional resources, and behavioral outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 62.10% of participants remained consistently engaged in work and/or education throughout the study, 5.90% were consistently not engaged, 19.00% transitioned from engaged to disengaged, and 13.00% transitioned from disengaged to engaged by the end of the study. The majority of participants, 78.40%, lived in self-directed or supported housing throughout the study, while 10.80% transitioned into unstable housing and another 10.80% transitioned from unstable to stable housing during the study. Significant differences were found between housing trajectories regarding temporal patterns of future orientation, substance use, psychological resilience, and caregiver support. However, no significant differences were observed between the engagement in work and/or education trajectories. Within-group differences were found for certain housing and engagement trajectories across several variables.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results show that helping youth who receive child welfare and community services transition into and maintain stable housing may lead to improvements in access to resilience-enabling resources that support positive development and prosocial behavioral outcomes. A pattern of housing stability for youth receiving services is also associated with decreases in risk exposure, while transitioning to unstable housing is predictive of increased substance use and decreased positive future orientation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107897"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107930
Ferhat Tura , Andromachi Tseloni , Lisa Tompson
Background
Violence victimization in childhood is a significant public health and social justice concern. Yet there is limited evidence on how multiple, overlapping identities relate to children's experiences of non-familial violence.
Objectives
This study examines differences in violence victimization rates among children in different social groups. In doing so, we seek to demonstrate the application of Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy (MAIHDA) as a method for intersectional analysis.
Participants and setting
The study uses nine years of pooled data from the 10–15 Crime Survey for England and Wales (2011–2019), including a total sample of 26,106 children aged 10–15 years old.
Methods
Logistic MAIHDA models were employed to analyse the likelihood of experiencing violence victimization across intersectional social groups defined by combinations of four social identities (sex, age, ethnicity, disability status).
Results
Most of the differences in violence victimization across intersectional social groups are explained by individual characteristics like disability, sex, ethnicity, and age. Interaction effects between these characteristics add little beyond their separate (additive) impacts. Predicted probabilities show that disabled boys are among the most likely to experience violence victimization.
Conclusion
The study underscores the need for targeted policies and interventions to reduce violence against children, particularly those who are disabled. It also serves as a case study for researchers interested in using MAIHDA to explore intersectionality in crime against children (or any other outcomes) and inform harm prevention strategies.
{"title":"Violence against children: An application of Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy (MAIHDA) to the Crime Survey for England and Wales","authors":"Ferhat Tura , Andromachi Tseloni , Lisa Tompson","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Violence victimization in childhood is a significant public health and social justice concern. Yet there is limited evidence on how multiple, overlapping identities relate to children's experiences of non-familial violence.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study examines differences in violence victimization rates among children in different social groups. In doing so, we seek to demonstrate the application of Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy (MAIHDA) as a method for intersectional analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>The study uses nine years of pooled data from the 10–15 Crime Survey for England and Wales (2011–2019), including a total sample of 26,106 children aged 10–15 years old.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Logistic MAIHDA models were employed to analyse the likelihood of experiencing violence victimization across intersectional social groups defined by combinations of four social identities (sex, age, ethnicity, disability status).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most of the differences in violence victimization across intersectional social groups are explained by individual characteristics like disability, sex, ethnicity, and age. Interaction effects between these characteristics add little beyond their separate (additive) impacts. Predicted probabilities show that disabled boys are among the most likely to experience violence victimization.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study underscores the need for targeted policies and interventions to reduce violence against children, particularly those who are disabled. It also serves as a case study for researchers interested in using MAIHDA to explore intersectionality in crime against children (or any other outcomes) and inform harm prevention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107930"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-26DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107918
Huayu Ji , Yiji Wang
Background
Although the link between parental harsh discipline and children's executive function has been established, it remains unclear whether key aspects of parental harsh discipline – corporal punishment and psychological aggression – are uniquely related to adolescent executive function, and whether these relations vary by individual vagal tone as indexed by resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA).
Objective
This longitudinal study aimed to clarify above questions.
Participants and Setting
A total of 233 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 12.86 years, 51.50% female-) participated in this study.
Methods
In September 2024 (T1), participants rated parental corporal punishment, psychological aggression, and executive function. They also participated in a 3-minute resting electrocardiogram (ECG) recording to assess resting RSA. In March 2025 (T2), they rated executive function again.
Results
Parental corporal punishment was negatively related to T2 executive function (β =– −.18, p < .05), whereas psychological aggression showed no significant association (β = −.06, p = .45). Moreover, resting RSA moderated these relations (for corporal punishment and executive function: β = .14, p < .05; for psychological aggression and executive function: β = .22, p < .001). That is, corporal punishment and psychological aggression at T1 were both negatively related to T2 executive function among adolescents with lower resting RSA, but not among those with higher resting RSA.
Conclusions
The findings demonstrate that aspects of parental harsh discipline have distinct associations with adolescent executive function, and highlight the necessity of incorporating physiological markers of individual differences, particularly resting RSA, to better understand executive function in adolescents.
{"title":"Longitudinal links between parental harsh discipline and executive function in adolescence: Moderating role of resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia","authors":"Huayu Ji , Yiji Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although the link between parental harsh discipline and children's executive function has been established, it remains unclear whether key aspects of parental harsh discipline – corporal punishment and psychological aggression – are uniquely related to adolescent executive function, and whether these relations vary by individual vagal tone as indexed by resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA).</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This longitudinal study aimed to clarify above questions.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and Setting</h3><div>A total of 233 Chinese adolescents (<em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 12.86 years, 51.50% female-) participated in this study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In September 2024 (T1), participants rated parental corporal punishment, psychological aggression, and executive function. They also participated in a 3-minute resting electrocardiogram (ECG) recording to assess resting RSA. In March 2025 (T2), they rated executive function again.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Parental corporal punishment was negatively related to T2 executive function (<em>β</em> =– −.18, <em>p</em> < .05), whereas psychological aggression showed no significant association (<em>β</em> = −.06, <em>p</em> = .45). Moreover, resting RSA moderated these relations (for corporal punishment and executive function: <em>β</em> = .14, <em>p</em> < .05; for psychological aggression and executive function: <em>β</em> = .22, <em>p</em> < .001). That is, corporal punishment and psychological aggression at T1 were both negatively related to T2 executive function among adolescents with lower resting RSA, but not among those with higher resting RSA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings demonstrate that aspects of parental harsh discipline have distinct associations with adolescent executive function, and highlight the necessity of incorporating physiological markers of individual differences, particularly resting RSA, to better understand executive function in adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107918"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146067885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-24DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107917
M. Trott , S. Kisely , J. Najman , N. Reid , L. Neelakantan , R. Moran , A. Edwards , C. Bull
Background
Child maltreatment (CM) is associated with lifelong adverse outcomes but less is known about its intergenerational consequences. As these consequences often manifest as poor health, examining health service use provides an objective measure of clinically significant morbidity and healthcare burden in children.
Objectives
We investigated whether maternal CM history predicted offspring health service utilisation using an intergenerational dataset.
Participants and setting
Multigenerational retrospective cohort study.
Methods
We analysed data from the Intergenerational Childhood Adversity and Lifetime Morbidity (I-CALM) study, comprising 1696 women who gave birth to 3296 children in Queensland, Australia, between 2008 and 2024. Maternal CM was defined using government records as notified or substantiated. Linked statewide records provided offspring health outcomes, including hospital admissions or emergency department (ED) presentations. Logistic and negative binomial regressions assessed dichotomous and count outcomes, adjusting for child age, gender, and significant maternal covariates.
Results
Maternal notified and substantiated CM were significantly associated with higher risks of offspring ED presentations for deliberate self-harm (OR = 2.69, 95% CI 1.39–5.20; OR = 2.57, 95% CI 1.15–5.75, respectively). Maternal CM was also linked to greater odds of offspring hospital admissions for external injury (OR = 1.45–1.64). Associations between maternal CM and increased number of total ED presentations were also found.
Conclusion
Maternal CM is significantly associated with offspring hospital and ED use, particularly for injuries and deliberate self-harm, highlighting intergenerational health risks. Routine identification and targeted support for families affected by CM may help break cycles of adversity and reduce preventable health service burden.
儿童虐待（CM）与终生不良后果有关，但对其代际后果知之甚少。由于这些后果往往表现为健康状况不佳，检查保健服务的使用情况可以客观衡量儿童的临床显著发病率和保健负担。目的利用代际数据集研究母体CM病史是否能预测后代对医疗服务的利用。参与者和背景：多代回顾性队列研究。方法：我们分析了来自代际童年逆境和终生发病率（I-CALM）研究的数据，该研究包括1696名妇女，她们在2008年至2024年间在澳大利亚昆士兰州生了3296个孩子。产妇CM定义使用政府记录作为通知或证实。关联的全州记录提供了后代的健康结果，包括住院或急诊（ED）报告。逻辑回归和负二项回归评估了二分类和计数结果，调整了儿童年龄、性别和显著的母亲协变量。结果母亲报告和证实的CM与后代出现故意自残ED的高风险显著相关（OR = 2.69, 95% CI 1.39-5.20; OR = 2.57, 95% CI 1.15-5.75）。母体CM也与后代因外部损伤住院的几率更高有关（OR = 1.45-1.64）。还发现产妇CM与ED总表现数量增加之间存在关联。结论产妇CM与后代住院和ED使用显著相关，尤其是伤害和故意自残，突出了代际健康风险。常规识别和有针对性地支持受CM影响的家庭可能有助于打破逆境循环，减少可预防的卫生服务负担。
{"title":"Associations between maternal child maltreatment predict their child's health service use? Results from the I-CALM study","authors":"M. Trott , S. Kisely , J. Najman , N. Reid , L. Neelakantan , R. Moran , A. Edwards , C. Bull","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Child maltreatment (CM) is associated with lifelong adverse outcomes but less is known about its intergenerational consequences. As these consequences often manifest as poor health, examining health service use provides an objective measure of clinically significant morbidity and healthcare burden in children.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We investigated whether maternal CM history predicted offspring health service utilisation using an intergenerational dataset.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>Multigenerational retrospective cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analysed data from the Intergenerational Childhood Adversity and Lifetime Morbidity (I-CALM) study, comprising 1696 women who gave birth to 3296 children in Queensland, Australia, between 2008 and 2024. Maternal CM was defined using government records as notified or substantiated. Linked statewide records provided offspring health outcomes, including hospital admissions or emergency department (ED) presentations. Logistic and negative binomial regressions assessed dichotomous and count outcomes, adjusting for child age, gender, and significant maternal covariates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Maternal notified and substantiated CM were significantly associated with higher risks of offspring ED presentations for deliberate self-harm (OR = 2.69, 95% CI 1.39–5.20; OR = 2.57, 95% CI 1.15–5.75, respectively). Maternal CM was also linked to greater odds of offspring hospital admissions for external injury (OR = 1.45–1.64). Associations between maternal CM and increased number of total ED presentations were also found.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Maternal CM is significantly associated with offspring hospital and ED use, particularly for injuries and deliberate self-harm, highlighting intergenerational health risks. Routine identification and targeted support for families affected by CM may help break cycles of adversity and reduce preventable health service burden.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107917"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-24DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107914
Molly R. Wolf , Braden K. Linn , Doyle K. Pruitt , Tracy Leet
Objective
This study examined the relationships between different forms of sexual grooming, emotional betrayal, and trauma symptoms among adult survivors of child sexual abuse (CSA).
Method
An anonymous online retrospective survey was completed by 342 adult CSA survivors. Participants reported on three types of grooming methods used by perpetrators (Verbal Coercion, Threats/Violence, and Drugs/Alcohol) and two types of emotional betrayal (Perpetrator Betrayal and Family Betrayal). Path analysis was conducted to examine the direct and indirect effects of grooming types on trauma symptoms through both forms of betrayal.
Results
Grooming that involved Threats and/or Violence was significantly associated with higher levels of Family Betrayal (β = 0.32, p < .001), which in turn predicted greater trauma symptom severity in adulthood (β = 0.41, p < .001). In contrast, Perpetrator Betrayal was not a significant mediator (p = .12).
Conclusion
Survivors who felt betrayed by caregivers during or after CSA exhibited more severe trauma symptoms later in life. This finding suggests that the breach of safety and trust within the caregiving environment may exert a deeper and more enduring influence on psychological functioning than the betrayal by the perpetrator alone.
目的探讨儿童性虐待（CSA）成年幸存者不同形式的性修饰、情感背叛和创伤症状之间的关系。方法对342例成年CSA幸存者进行匿名在线回顾性调查。参与者报告了施暴者使用的三种引诱方法（口头胁迫、威胁/暴力和毒品/酒精）和两种情感背叛（施暴者背叛和家庭背叛）。通径分析通过两种形式的背叛来检验梳理类型对创伤症状的直接和间接影响。结果涉及威胁和/或暴力的教养与较高水平的家庭背叛显著相关（β = 0.32, p < .001），这反过来又预示着成年后更严重的创伤症状（β = 0.41, p < .001）。相反，行凶者背叛不是显著的中介（p = .12）。结论在CSA期间或之后感到被照顾者背叛的幸存者在以后的生活中表现出更严重的创伤症状。这一发现表明，在看护环境中，对安全和信任的破坏可能比肇事者单独的背叛对心理功能产生更深刻、更持久的影响。机构审查委员会（IRB Approval # 00003128）
{"title":"Innocence betrayed: The impact of grooming and family betrayal on trauma symptoms in adult survivors of child sexual abuse","authors":"Molly R. Wolf , Braden K. Linn , Doyle K. Pruitt , Tracy Leet","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study examined the relationships between different forms of sexual grooming, emotional betrayal, and trauma symptoms among adult survivors of child sexual abuse (CSA).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>An anonymous online retrospective survey was completed by 342 adult CSA survivors. Participants reported on three types of grooming methods used by perpetrators (Verbal Coercion, Threats/Violence, and Drugs/Alcohol) and two types of emotional betrayal (Perpetrator Betrayal and Family Betrayal). Path analysis was conducted to examine the direct and indirect effects of grooming types on trauma symptoms through both forms of betrayal.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Grooming that involved Threats and/or Violence was significantly associated with higher levels of Family Betrayal (β = 0.32, <em>p</em> < .001), which in turn predicted greater trauma symptom severity in adulthood (β = 0.41, <em>p</em> < .001). In contrast, Perpetrator Betrayal was not a significant mediator (<em>p</em> = .12).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Survivors who felt betrayed by caregivers during or after CSA exhibited more severe trauma symptoms later in life. This finding suggests that the breach of safety and trust within the caregiving environment may exert a deeper and more enduring influence on psychological functioning than the betrayal by the perpetrator alone.</div><div>Institutional Review Board (IRB Approval # 00003128)</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107914"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-24DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107909
Mariko Hosozawa , Naho Yamane , Sumiyo Okawa , Hiromi Obara , Hiroyasu Iso , Ai Ikeda
Background
Bullying victimization among adolescents is a major public health concern, and its prevalence varies considerably across countries. While country-level economic factors are often cited to explain this variation, the roles of gender inequality and national legal frameworks remain underexplored.
Objective
To examine the association between country-level gender inequality and bullying victimization among adolescents across 69 middle- and high-income countries and whether national laws prohibiting corporal punishment modify this association.
Participants and setting
Data were obtained from the Programme for International Student Assessment 2018, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of 15-year-old students.
Methods
The primary outcome was the victimization score, derived from six self-reported experiences of bullying victimization. Multilevel regression analysis was used to explore the association between the Gender Inequality Index (GII) and the outcome. We also analyzed effect modification by national laws prohibiting corporal punishment (no/partial; fully banned for ≤10 years; fully banned for >10 years).
Results
The study included 433,836 students (50.6% female). Higher GII was associated with increased victimization (b = 0.52; 95% CI, 0.32–0.73 per one-standard deviation increase), explaining 35.6% of the country-level variance. This association was stronger for boys and was modified by corporal punishment laws. Compared to countries with no or partial prohibition, countries with full prohibition enacted for ≤10 years exhibited an attenuated association. This attenuating effect was not observed in countries with a full prohibition for >10 years.
Conclusions
Reducing societal gender inequality and promoting the full prohibition of corporal punishment may be relevant strategies for mitigating adolescent bullying victimization, particularly for boys.
{"title":"Gender inequality and adolescent bullying victimization among 69 countries and its effect modification by corporal punishment prohibiting laws","authors":"Mariko Hosozawa , Naho Yamane , Sumiyo Okawa , Hiromi Obara , Hiroyasu Iso , Ai Ikeda","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bullying victimization among adolescents is a major public health concern, and its prevalence varies considerably across countries. While country-level economic factors are often cited to explain this variation, the roles of gender inequality and national legal frameworks remain underexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine the association between country-level gender inequality and bullying victimization among adolescents across 69 middle- and high-income countries and whether national laws prohibiting corporal punishment modify this association.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>Data were obtained from the Programme for International Student Assessment 2018, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of 15-year-old students.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The primary outcome was the victimization score, derived from six self-reported experiences of bullying victimization. Multilevel regression analysis was used to explore the association between the Gender Inequality Index (GII) and the outcome. We also analyzed effect modification by national laws prohibiting corporal punishment (no/partial; fully banned for ≤10 years; fully banned for >10 years).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 433,836 students (50.6% female). Higher GII was associated with increased victimization (b = 0.52; 95% CI, 0.32–0.73 per one-standard deviation increase), explaining 35.6% of the country-level variance. This association was stronger for boys and was modified by corporal punishment laws. Compared to countries with no or partial prohibition, countries with full prohibition enacted for ≤10 years exhibited an attenuated association. This attenuating effect was not observed in countries with a full prohibition for >10 years.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Reducing societal gender inequality and promoting the full prohibition of corporal punishment may be relevant strategies for mitigating adolescent bullying victimization, particularly for boys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107909"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107871
J. Belbèze , J. Silva , M. Corcos , M. Robin
Background
While maltreatment is a well-established risk factor for psychopathology, recent literature highlights the need to consider the role of broader family dynamics in shaping diagnostic outcomes.
Objective
This study adopts a framework that integrates both formal abuse/neglect and at-risk family interactions, aiming to identify diagnosis-specific adversity profiles.
Participants and settings
This cross-sectional analysis, conducted at a single site as part of the Family and Care study, includes hospitalized adolescents diagnosed with one or more conditions from nine diagnostic categories. Participants were recruited over a 4-year period in an 8-bed psychiatric unit within a university-affiliated psychiatric department.
Method
Data on abuse and neglect were collected through the European Child Abuse and Neglect dataset and the At-Risk Family Interactions and Levers (ARFIL) scale, a 30-item clinical tool, measured family interactions. We hypothesized that patterns of maltreatment and at-risk relationships would vary by diagnosis.
Results
Among the 425 participants, emotional abuse prevalence was 46.1 %, physical abuse 21.4 %, sexual abuse 25.1 %, and neglect 70.5 %. Significant differences by age, gender, global assessment of functioning scores, and hospitalization duration were observed between diagnostic groups (p < .05). Personality, Oppositional Defiant, and Trauma and Stress-related Disorders showed higher ARFIL diversity and intensity scores compared to other diagnoses, highlighting the distinct influence of at-risk family dynamics in addition to formal abuse or neglect. All diagnoses exhibited a specific set of associations but mood and psychotic disorders.
Conclusions
Distinct maltreatment and at-risk family interaction profiles were associated with specific diagnoses. Assessing both maltreatment and family dynamics enhances understanding of patient environments and provides targeted therapeutic insights.
{"title":"Associations between abuse, neglect, and at-risk family interactions with adolescent psychiatric disorders","authors":"J. Belbèze , J. Silva , M. Corcos , M. Robin","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While maltreatment is a well-established risk factor for psychopathology, recent literature highlights the need to consider the role of broader family dynamics in shaping diagnostic outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study adopts a framework that integrates both formal abuse/neglect and at-risk family interactions, aiming to identify diagnosis-specific adversity profiles.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and settings</h3><div>This cross-sectional analysis, conducted at a single site as part of the Family and Care study, includes hospitalized adolescents diagnosed with one or more conditions from nine diagnostic categories. Participants were recruited over a 4-year period in an 8-bed psychiatric unit within a university-affiliated psychiatric department.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Data on abuse and neglect were collected through the European Child Abuse and Neglect dataset and the At-Risk Family Interactions and Levers (ARFIL) scale, a 30-item clinical tool, measured family interactions. We hypothesized that patterns of maltreatment and at-risk relationships would vary by diagnosis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 425 participants, emotional abuse prevalence was 46.1 %, physical abuse 21.4 %, sexual abuse 25.1 %, and neglect 70.5 %. Significant differences by age, gender, global assessment of functioning scores, and hospitalization duration were observed between diagnostic groups (<em>p</em> < .05). Personality, Oppositional Defiant, and Trauma and Stress-related Disorders showed higher ARFIL diversity and intensity scores compared to other diagnoses, highlighting the distinct influence of at-risk family dynamics in addition to formal abuse or neglect. All diagnoses exhibited a specific set of associations but mood and psychotic disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Distinct maltreatment and at-risk family interaction profiles were associated with specific diagnoses. Assessing both maltreatment and family dynamics enhances understanding of patient environments and provides targeted therapeutic insights.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107871"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107919
Jennifer E. Khoury , Michelle Nguyen , Natalie Baker , Lauren Giles , Tanya Tulipan , Marsha Campbell-Yeo , Victoria M. Allen , Tara Perrot
Background
Childhood maltreatment (CM) is associated with an elevated risk of experiencing psychological problems, particularly during the perinatal period. Maternal history of CM is also associated with disruptions to offspring socioemotional development. One potential pathway through which maternal CM contributes to offspring socioemotional development is through maternal mental health.
Objective
The present study explored how maternal CM is associated with infant socioemotional development through maternal mental health, both during pregnancy and postpartum.
Participants and setting
Participants (n = 128) completed study sessions during their third trimester of pregnancy, at 2 weeks postpartum, and 6 months postpartum.
Methods
Participants reported history of CM and current levels of depression, anxiety, perceived stress, and borderline personality features during pregnancy and at 2 weeks postpartum, and infant socioemotional development at 6 months.
Results
A structural equation serial mediation model indicated that (1) maternal CM severity was associated with mental health symptoms in pregnancy (β = 0.324, 95% CI [0.031, 0.165]), but not postpartum (ß = −0.107, 95% CI [−0.087, 0.025]), (2) pregnancy mental health symptoms predicted postpartum mental health symptoms (β = 0.536, 95% CI [0.270, 0.617]), which predicted offspring socioemotional development (β = 0.515, 95% CI [1.203, 3.546]), and (3) the serial indirect effect bridging maternal CM and infant socioemotional development was significant (β = 0.089, 95% CI [0.019, 0.242]), but specific indirect effects through pregnancy and postpartum mental health symptoms were not significant.
Conclusions
We conclude that maternal CM is associated with offspring socioemotional development through a temporal chain, where maternal mental health symptoms in pregnancy increase risk for postpartum mental health symptoms.
{"title":"Linking maternal childhood maltreatment to infant socioemotional development through perinatal mental health","authors":"Jennifer E. Khoury , Michelle Nguyen , Natalie Baker , Lauren Giles , Tanya Tulipan , Marsha Campbell-Yeo , Victoria M. Allen , Tara Perrot","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Childhood maltreatment (CM) is associated with an elevated risk of experiencing psychological problems, particularly during the perinatal period. Maternal history of CM is also associated with disruptions to offspring socioemotional development. One potential pathway through which maternal CM contributes to offspring socioemotional development is through maternal mental health.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The present study explored how maternal CM is associated with infant socioemotional development through maternal mental health, both during pregnancy and postpartum.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>Participants (<em>n</em> = 128) completed study sessions during their third trimester of pregnancy, at 2 weeks postpartum, and 6 months postpartum.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants reported history of CM and current levels of depression, anxiety, perceived stress, and borderline personality features during pregnancy and at 2 weeks postpartum, and infant socioemotional development at 6 months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A structural equation serial mediation model indicated that (1) maternal CM severity was associated with mental health symptoms in pregnancy (β = 0.324, 95% CI [0.031, 0.165]), but not postpartum (ß = −0.107, 95% CI [−0.087, 0.025]), (2) pregnancy mental health symptoms predicted postpartum mental health symptoms (β = 0.536, 95% CI [0.270, 0.617]), which predicted offspring socioemotional development (β = 0.515, 95% CI [1.203, 3.546]), and (3) the serial indirect effect bridging maternal CM and infant socioemotional development was significant (β = 0.089, 95% CI [0.019, 0.242]), but specific indirect effects through pregnancy and postpartum mental health symptoms were not significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We conclude that maternal CM is associated with offspring socioemotional development through a temporal chain, where maternal mental health symptoms in pregnancy increase risk for postpartum mental health symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107919"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107873
Annika Jaros, William J. Chopik
Background
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are studied as predictors of lifespan outcomes, yet their reporting is assumed to be stable across time. However, reporting on past experiences is a reconstructive process shaped by social and emotional contexts.
Objective
This study examined ACEs fluctuations and whether fluctuations are associated with contemporaneous relationship quality and academic stress in emerging adulthood.
Participants and setting
Participants were 938 emerging adults (Mage = 19.6, SD = 2.1; 81% women) who completed three surveys across two months assessing ACEs, support and strain in relationships with parents, friends, and romantic partners, and academic stress.
Methods
Childhood adversity was measured using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form. Multilevel models decomposed predictors into between- and within-person variance to predict ACEs across waves. Analyses tested whether both average levels—and deviations from these averages—in support, strain, and stress corresponded with deviations in ACE recollections.
Results
ACE reports showed high stability over the two-month period (ICCs = 0.73–0.85), but also meaningful within-person variability. Greater-than-usual parental support and lower strain predicted fewer reported ACEs, particularly for emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect. Support from friends and romantic partners was more modestly associated with ACE recall, while academic stress predicted slight increases in reports of emotional abuse and neglect.
Conclusions
Findings suggest that retrospective ACE reports reflect not only early adversity but also present relational and emotional states. Interpreting ACE measures as dynamic and context-sensitive may improve their use in both research and practice.
{"title":"Record of the past or reflection of the present? Fluctuations in recollections of childhood adversity and fluctuations in adult relationship circumstances","authors":"Annika Jaros, William J. Chopik","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are studied as predictors of lifespan outcomes, yet their reporting is assumed to be stable across time. However, reporting on past experiences is a reconstructive process shaped by social and emotional contexts.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study examined ACEs fluctuations and whether fluctuations are associated with contemporaneous relationship quality and academic stress in emerging adulthood.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>Participants were 938 emerging adults (Mage = 19.6, SD = 2.1; 81% women) who completed three surveys across two months assessing ACEs, support and strain in relationships with parents, friends, and romantic partners, and academic stress.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Childhood adversity was measured using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form. Multilevel models decomposed predictors into between- and within-person variance to predict ACEs across waves. Analyses tested whether both average levels—and deviations from these averages—in support, strain, and stress corresponded with deviations in ACE recollections.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ACE reports showed high stability over the two-month period (ICCs = 0.73–0.85), but also meaningful within-person variability. Greater-than-usual parental support and lower strain predicted fewer reported ACEs, particularly for emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect. Support from friends and romantic partners was more modestly associated with ACE recall, while academic stress predicted slight increases in reports of emotional abuse and neglect.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings suggest that retrospective ACE reports reflect not only early adversity but also present relational and emotional states. Interpreting ACE measures as dynamic and context-sensitive may improve their use in both research and practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107873"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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