Child Abuse & Neglect最新文献_第3页

Adverse childhood experiences and violence in adulthood: Exploring gendered patterns of victimization and perpetration 不良的童年经历和成年后的暴力：探索受害和犯罪的性别模式。

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107891

Hayun Jang , Skylar Biyang Sun , Xiaohang Zhao , Jinho Kim

Background

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are well-established predictors of health and socioeconomic disadvantage across the life course, yet their implications for adult violence involvement—both victimization and perpetration—remain less understood. Clarifying these links is critical to understanding the broader social consequences of early adversity.

Objectives

This study investigated the relationship between ACEs and violence outcomes in adulthood, distinguishing between victimization and perpetration, and examined potential gender differences in these associations.

Methods

Data were drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 14,277). Ten ACE indicators were used to construct a cumulative ACE index as well as individual adversity measures. Violence outcomes in the past year were assessed separately for victimization and perpetration. Negative binomial regression models estimated associations, adjusting for a comprehensive set of individual and family covariates. Gender differences were assessed using gender-specific average marginal effects (AMEs) and AME contrasts.

Results

ACEs were strongly and positively associated with both victimization and perpetration. Several specific adversities, including physical abuse and community violence, showed the strongest independent associations. Gender analyses demonstrated that ACEs predicted higher violence involvement for both men and women, but the magnitude of the association was significantly greater for men.

Conclusions

Childhood adversity has lasting consequences for adult violence involvement, and the strength of these effects differs by gender. Differentiating victimization from perpetration, modeling dose–response patterns, and probing gender heterogeneity deepen understanding of how early adversity shapes behavioral trajectories across the life course.

背景：童年不良经历（ace）是一生中健康和社会经济劣势的公认预测因素，但它们对成人暴力参与的影响——受害者和犯罪者——仍然知之甚少。澄清这些联系对于理解早期逆境的更广泛的社会后果至关重要。目的：本研究调查了ace与成年期暴力结果之间的关系，区分了受害和施暴者，并检查了这些关联中潜在的性别差异。方法：数据来自全国青少年至成人健康纵向研究（N = 14,277）。使用10个ACE指标构建累积ACE指数和个体逆境测量。对过去一年的暴力结果分别进行了受害和施暴者评估。负二项回归模型估计关联，调整了一套全面的个人和家庭协变量。使用特定性别的平均边际效应（AMEs）和AME对比来评估性别差异。结果：不良经历与加害和加害均呈显著正相关。一些特定的逆境，包括身体虐待和社区暴力，显示出最强的独立关联。性别分析表明，ace对男性和女性都预示着更高的暴力参与，但对男性来说，这种关联的幅度明显更大。结论：童年的逆境对成年后的暴力行为有持久的影响，而这些影响的强度因性别而异。区分受害与加害者，模拟剂量-反应模式，探索性别异质性，加深了对早期逆境如何塑造整个生命过程中的行为轨迹的理解。

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引用次数: 0

Focus on and venting of emotion mediate the pathway from maternal child abuse to adulthood depression severity 情绪的关注和宣泄是母亲虐待儿童到成年期抑郁严重程度的中介途径。

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107926

Jenelle Yingni Tan , Hannah N. Ziobrowski , Nur Hani Zainal

Background

Exposure to parent-perpetrated child abuse is a risk factor for adulthood major depressive disorder (MDD). Coping strategies may be a plausible mechanism underlying this relationship. The current study examined whether positive reinterpretation (PR), focus on and venting of emotion (FVE), and behavioral disengagement (BD) mediated the relationship between maternal or paternal abuse and adulthood MDD symptoms.

Method

Data from 3294 community-dwelling adults were collected across three waves, with each interval nine years apart. Structural equation mediation modeling examined whether each unique coping strategy at Wave 2 mediated the relationship between maternal or paternal abuse at Wave 1 and MDD symptoms at Wave 3, controlling for baseline MDD symptoms. Both Wave 1 maternal and paternal abuse were entered simultaneously into each of the three mediation models.

Results

PR did not mediate the relationship between recalled parent-perpetrated child abuse and MDD severity (standardized β = 0.001 to 0.002). BD and FVE mediated the relationship between maternal abuse and MDD severity (β = 0.006 to 0.020) but not paternal abuse (both βs = −0.003). Maternal abuse was associated with higher BD and FVE (β = 0.175 to 0.628), which were both associated with increased MDD severity (β = 0.086 to 0.112).

Discussion

BD and FVE are possible mechanisms linking childhood experiences to adulthood MDD severity. Identifying maladaptive coping as mediators highlights its role in shaping long-term mental health. Targeting these coping patterns may help reduce the enduring impact of child abuse on adult mental health, reinforcing the importance of early prevention.

背景：暴露于父母实施的儿童虐待是成年期重度抑郁症（MDD）的一个危险因素。应对策略可能是这种关系背后的合理机制。本研究考察了积极的重新解释（PR）、关注和发泄情绪（FVE）和行为脱离（BD）是否介导了母亲或父亲虐待与成年期MDD症状之间的关系。方法：分三波收集3294名社区居民的数据，每波间隔9年。结构方程中介模型检验了第二波中每一种独特的应对策略是否介导了第一波中母亲或父亲虐待与第三波中重度抑郁症症状之间的关系，并控制了基线重度抑郁症症状。第一波的母亲虐待和父亲虐待同时被输入到三个中介模型中。结果：PR并未介导被召回的父母虐待儿童行为与重度抑郁症之间的关系（标准化β = 0.001 ~ 0.002）。BD和FVE介导了母亲虐待与重度抑郁症之间的关系（β = 0.006 ~ 0.020），但不介导父亲虐待（β s均= -0.003）。母亲虐待与较高的BD和FVE相关（β = 0.175 ~ 0.628），两者均与重度抑郁症加重相关（β = 0.086 ~ 0.112）。讨论：双相障碍和FVE是将童年经历与成年重度抑郁症的严重程度联系起来的可能机制。确定适应不良应对作为中介突出了其在塑造长期心理健康方面的作用。针对这些应对模式，可能有助于减少虐待儿童对成人心理健康的持久影响，加强早期预防的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Childhood adversity and 5-HTTLPR across mental health outcomes: A transdiagnostic meta-analysis 童年逆境和5-HTTLPR对心理健康结果的影响：一项跨诊断的荟萃分析

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107901

Vishnu Shivam

Background

Childhood maltreatment is associated with increased risk for various psychiatric disorders, although individual responses to early adversity vary. The serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) has been examined as a potential moderator of sensitivity to environmental stress, but findings across studies have been inconsistent.

Objective

This meta-analysis examined whether 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms moderate the association between childhood adversity and clinically diagnosed psychiatric disorders.

Participants and settings

Fourteen studies (N = 3479) were included, representing community, population-based, and clinical samples from multiple regions. Childhood adversity was assessed using validated interviews, questionnaires, or official electronic records.

Methods

Systematic searches of eight databases (last updated 3 December 2025) identified studies reporting 5-HTTLPR genotype, childhood adversity, and psychiatric diagnoses. Ratio-of-odds-ratios (ROR) quantifies differences in adversity effects between S-allele carriers and LL homozygotes. Multilevel random-effects models generated pooled estimates. Sensitivity, moderator, and publication-bias analyses were performed. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale, and certainty of evidence using GRADE.

Results

Pooled analyses indicated no statistically significant interaction between childhood adversity and 5-HTTLPR genotype (ROR = 1.11, 95% CI 0.89–1.37). Analyses restricted to SS-only or SL-only groups and sexual abuse-specific subgroups produced similar results. Heterogeneity was moderate, and small-study effects were borderline. Moderator analyses did not identify consistent influences of diagnosis or ancestry.

Conclusion

Across available studies, evidence for an interaction between childhood adversity and 5-HTTLPR genotype was limited. Unlike previous meta-analyses that focused primarily on symptom-level or trait-based measures, the present study evaluates clinically diagnosed outcomes, offering evidence that 5-HTTLPR is unlikely to represent a robust moderator of adversity effects. These findings may suggest that, within current research parameters, 5-HTTLPR does not show a consistent moderating role in clinically diagnosed psychiatric outcomes.

童年虐待与各种精神疾病的风险增加有关，尽管个体对早期逆境的反应各不相同。5-羟色胺转运体相关多态性区域（5-HTTLPR）已被研究为环境应激敏感性的潜在调节因子，但研究结果不一致。目的本荟萃分析探讨5-HTTLPR多态性是否调节童年逆境与临床诊断的精神障碍之间的关联。参与者和环境纳入14项研究（N = 3479），代表了来自多个地区的社区、人群和临床样本。通过有效的访谈、问卷调查或官方电子记录来评估童年逆境。方法系统检索了8个数据库（最后更新于2025年12月3日），确定了报告5-HTTLPR基因型、童年逆境和精神疾病诊断的研究。比值比（ROR）量化了s等位基因携带者和LL纯合子之间逆境效应的差异。多层随机效应模型产生了汇总估计。进行敏感性、调节因素和发表偏倚分析。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估研究质量，使用GRADE评估证据的确定性。结果单轴分析显示，童年逆境与5-HTTLPR基因型之间无统计学意义的交互作用（ROR = 1.11, 95% CI 0.89-1.37）。仅限ss组或sl组以及性虐待特定亚组的分析得出了类似的结果。异质性为中等，小研究效应为边缘性。调节分析没有确定诊断或血统的一致影响。结论在现有的研究中，童年逆境与5-HTTLPR基因型之间相互作用的证据有限。与以往主要关注症状水平或基于特征的措施的荟萃分析不同，本研究评估临床诊断结果，提供证据表明5-HTTLPR不太可能代表逆境效应的稳健调节。这些发现可能表明，在目前的研究范围内，5-HTTLPR在临床诊断的精神病预后中并未显示出一致的调节作用。

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引用次数: 0

Healthcare utilisation among children in contact with social services in England: An interrupted time series using ECHILD 英格兰与社会服务机构接触的儿童的医疗保健利用：使用ECHILD的中断时间序列。

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107916

Eliazar Luna , Lucy J. Griffiths , Karen Broadhurst OBE , Dougal Hargreaves , Jenny Woodman , Lisa Holmes , Kat Tranter , Grace A. Bailey , Katie Harron

Background

Children in contact with children's social care (CSC) services have high levels of hospital utilisation, but patterns before and after referral remain insufficiently understood.

Objective

To evaluate healthcare utilisation two years before and after CSC referral.

Participants and setting

Retrospective cohort using ECHILD linked health and social care data, including children with a first CSC referral between 2009 and 2018 in England.

Methods

We compared monthly planned and unplanned hospital contact rates for Children in Need, Children under Protection Plans, and Children Looked After with age-sex-matched cohorts. We used interrupted time series analysis to examine how healthcare utilisation changed following referral. We also explored reasons for hospital contacts.

Results

We analysed >12 million hospital contacts for 1,014,330 Children in Need, 204,240 Children under Protection Plan and 177,640 Children Looked After. Children Looked After had the highest average number of total contacts (11.8 per child over a 4 year period), followed by Children in Need (8.8) and Children under Protection Plans (8.4). All CSC groups had about twice the contacts of matched peers. Healthcare utilisation increased sharply prior to referral, with a peak around referral. After referral, planned care increased and unplanned care decreased, with pre referral upward trends slowing or reversing. The most common reason for healthcare utilisation was mental health–related.

Conclusions

At a population level, CSC referral marks a pivotal point in healthcare utilisation, with a shift from unplanned to planned care. This may reflect more structured engagement with health services and coordinated support for children and families.

背景：接触儿童社会护理（CSC）服务的儿童有很高的医院使用率，但转诊前后的模式仍不充分了解。目的：评价CSC转诊前后两年的医疗保健利用情况。参与者和环境：使用与ECHILD相关的健康和社会护理数据的回顾性队列，包括2009年至2018年在英国首次转诊的儿童。方法：我们比较有需要的儿童、受保护计划的儿童和受照顾的儿童每月计划和计划外的医院接触率，并与年龄性别匹配的队列进行比较。我们使用中断时间序列分析来检查转诊后医疗保健利用率的变化情况。我们还探讨了医院接触的原因。结果：我们分析了1014,330名有需要的儿童、204,240名受保护计划的儿童和177,640名受到照顾的儿童的bb1,200万医院联系人。受照顾儿童的平均总接触次数最高（4年期间每个儿童11.8次），其次是需要帮助的儿童（8.8次）和受保护计划的儿童（8.4次）。所有CSC组的接触人数大约是匹配组的两倍。在转诊之前，医疗保健利用率急剧增加，在转诊前后达到峰值。转诊后，计划照护增加，计划外照护减少，转诊前的上升趋势减慢或逆转。利用医疗保健的最常见原因是与心理健康有关。结论：在人口水平上，CSC转诊标志着医疗保健利用的关键点，从计划外护理到计划内护理的转变。这可能反映了对保健服务的更有组织的参与和对儿童和家庭的协调支持。

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引用次数: 0

Innocence betrayed: The impact of grooming and family betrayal on trauma symptoms in adult survivors of child sexual abuse 天真的背叛：修饰和家庭背叛对儿童性虐待成年幸存者创伤症状的影响

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107914

Molly R. Wolf , Braden K. Linn , Doyle K. Pruitt , Tracy Leet

Objective

This study examined the relationships between different forms of sexual grooming, emotional betrayal, and trauma symptoms among adult survivors of child sexual abuse (CSA).

Method

An anonymous online retrospective survey was completed by 342 adult CSA survivors. Participants reported on three types of grooming methods used by perpetrators (Verbal Coercion, Threats/Violence, and Drugs/Alcohol) and two types of emotional betrayal (Perpetrator Betrayal and Family Betrayal). Path analysis was conducted to examine the direct and indirect effects of grooming types on trauma symptoms through both forms of betrayal.

Results

Grooming that involved Threats and/or Violence was significantly associated with higher levels of Family Betrayal (β = 0.32, p < .001), which in turn predicted greater trauma symptom severity in adulthood (β = 0.41, p < .001). In contrast, Perpetrator Betrayal was not a significant mediator (p = .12).

Conclusion

Survivors who felt betrayed by caregivers during or after CSA exhibited more severe trauma symptoms later in life. This finding suggests that the breach of safety and trust within the caregiving environment may exert a deeper and more enduring influence on psychological functioning than the betrayal by the perpetrator alone.

Institutional Review Board (IRB Approval # 00003128)

目的探讨儿童性虐待（CSA）成年幸存者不同形式的性修饰、情感背叛和创伤症状之间的关系。方法对342例成年CSA幸存者进行匿名在线回顾性调查。参与者报告了施暴者使用的三种引诱方法（口头胁迫、威胁/暴力和毒品/酒精）和两种情感背叛（施暴者背叛和家庭背叛）。通径分析通过两种形式的背叛来检验梳理类型对创伤症状的直接和间接影响。结果涉及威胁和/或暴力的教养与较高水平的家庭背叛显著相关（β = 0.32, p < .001），这反过来又预示着成年后更严重的创伤症状（β = 0.41, p < .001）。相反，行凶者背叛不是显著的中介（p = .12）。结论在CSA期间或之后感到被照顾者背叛的幸存者在以后的生活中表现出更严重的创伤症状。这一发现表明，在看护环境中，对安全和信任的破坏可能比肇事者单独的背叛对心理功能产生更深刻、更持久的影响。机构审查委员会（IRB Approval # 00003128）

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引用次数: 0

Gender inequality and adolescent bullying victimization among 69 countries and its effect modification by corporal punishment prohibiting laws 69个国家的性别不平等和青少年欺凌受害者及其影响通过禁止体罚法律进行修改

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107909

Mariko Hosozawa , Naho Yamane , Sumiyo Okawa , Hiromi Obara , Hiroyasu Iso , Ai Ikeda

Background

Bullying victimization among adolescents is a major public health concern, and its prevalence varies considerably across countries. While country-level economic factors are often cited to explain this variation, the roles of gender inequality and national legal frameworks remain underexplored.

Objective

To examine the association between country-level gender inequality and bullying victimization among adolescents across 69 middle- and high-income countries and whether national laws prohibiting corporal punishment modify this association.

Participants and setting

Data were obtained from the Programme for International Student Assessment 2018, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of 15-year-old students.

Methods

The primary outcome was the victimization score, derived from six self-reported experiences of bullying victimization. Multilevel regression analysis was used to explore the association between the Gender Inequality Index (GII) and the outcome. We also analyzed effect modification by national laws prohibiting corporal punishment (no/partial; fully banned for ≤10 years; fully banned for >10 years).

Results

The study included 433,836 students (50.6% female). Higher GII was associated with increased victimization (b = 0.52; 95% CI, 0.32–0.73 per one-standard deviation increase), explaining 35.6% of the country-level variance. This association was stronger for boys and was modified by corporal punishment laws. Compared to countries with no or partial prohibition, countries with full prohibition enacted for ≤10 years exhibited an attenuated association. This attenuating effect was not observed in countries with a full prohibition for >10 years.

Conclusions

Reducing societal gender inequality and promoting the full prohibition of corporal punishment may be relevant strategies for mitigating adolescent bullying victimization, particularly for boys.

青少年中的欺凌受害是一个主要的公共卫生问题，其流行程度在各国之间差异很大。虽然经常引用国家一级的经济因素来解释这种差异，但性别不平等和国家法律框架的作用仍未得到充分探讨。目的研究69个中高收入国家的性别不平等与青少年恃强凌弱之间的关系，以及禁止体罚的国家法律是否改变了这种关系。参与者和背景数据来自2018年国际学生评估计划，这是一项针对15岁学生的全国代表性横断面调查。方法主要结果为受害分数，该分数来自于六次自我报告的欺凌受害经历。采用多水平回归分析探讨性别不平等指数（GII）与结果之间的关系。我们还分析了国家法律禁止体罚（不/部分禁止；≤10年完全禁止；≤10年完全禁止）对效果的影响。结果共纳入学生433836人，其中女生50.6%。较高的GII与受害人数增加相关（b = 0.52; 95% CI，每增加一个标准差0.32-0.73），解释了35.6%的国家水平差异。这种联系在男孩身上更为强烈，并被体罚法律所改变。与没有禁止或部分禁止的国家相比，实施全面禁止≤10年的国家表现出较弱的相关性。在全面禁止10年的国家没有观察到这种减弱效果。结论减少社会性别不平等和促进全面禁止体罚可能是减轻青少年欺凌受害的相关策略，特别是男孩。

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引用次数: 0

Parent-child attachment and trauma-related dissociation among youth in out-of-home care: The age-dependent roles of caregiver-child attachment and placement duration 家庭外照顾青少年的亲子依恋和创伤相关分离：照顾者-儿童依恋和安置时间的年龄依赖作用。

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107883

Jenna N. Thompson , Amy M. Salazar , Heather N. Taussig

Background

Child maltreatment and disruptions in attachment relationships have been linked to higher levels of dissociation.

Objective

This study explored the influences of birth parent-child attachment, caregiver-child attachment, and placement duration on dissociative symptoms among youth living in out-of-home care.

Participants and Setting

Youth with histories of maltreatment who were recently placed in out-of-home care (N = 310; M_age = 10.25; 48.9 % female).

Methods

A moderated mediation analysis was employed to examine the effects of birth parent-child attachment on dissociation, and to examine age-conditional indirect effects through caregiver-child attachment and placement duration.

Results

Birth parent-child attachment directly influenced dissociative symptoms (B = −3.88, p = 0.004) and was partially mediated by caregiver-child attachment and placement duration. The indirect effects through caregiver-child attachment were negative and significant at younger ages (at age 9.36, B = −1.34, 95 % CI [−3.41, −0.22]; at age 10.25, B = −0.51, 95 % CI [−1.24, −0.07]), and nonsignificant by age 11.14. The indirect effects through placement duration with their caregivers were negative and significant among the older youth (became significant at 10.25, B = −0.69, 95 % CI [−1.66, −0.08], and was strongest by age 11.14, B = −1.90, 95 % CI [−4.12, −0.45]).

Conclusion

Relational pathways linking parent-child attachment to dissociation are context-dependent. Findings emphasize the need for interventions and programs that help youth navigate relationships with their birth parents and caregivers, encourage emotional and relational safety along with placement stability, and are developmentally sensitive, adapting to changing needs over time.

背景：儿童虐待和依恋关系的中断与较高程度的分离有关。目的：探讨原生亲子依恋、照料者与儿童依恋和安置时间对家庭外照料青少年分离症状的影响。参与者和环境：最近被安置在家庭外护理中心的有虐待史的青少年（N = 310；年龄= 10.25；48.9%为女性）。方法：采用有调节的中介分析，考察出生亲子依恋对分离的影响，并通过照顾者-儿童依恋和安置时间考察年龄条件的间接影响。结果：出生亲子依恋直接影响解离症状（B = -3.88, p = 0.004），并受照料者-儿童依恋和安置时间的部分中介作用。通过照顾者-儿童依恋产生的间接影响在更小的年龄为负且显著（在9.36岁时，B = -1.34, 95% CI[-3.41, -0.22]；在10.25岁时，B = -0.51, 95% CI[-1.24, -0.07]），到11.14岁时不显著。在年龄较大的青年中，与照顾者安置时间的间接影响为负且显著（在10.25时变得显著，B = -0.69, 95% CI[-1.66, -0.08]，并且在11.14岁时最强，B = -1.90, 95% CI[-4.12, -0.45]）。结论：亲子依恋与亲子分离之间的关系通路是情境依赖的。研究结果强调，需要采取干预措施和方案，帮助青少年处理与亲生父母和照顾者的关系，鼓励情感和关系安全以及安置稳定，并对发展敏感，适应不断变化的需求。

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引用次数: 0

Nonconsensual sexual behavior among youth: Age dynamics and implications for prevention 青少年中的非自愿性行为：年龄动态和预防的含义。

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107944

Melissa Bright , Maggie Ingram , Csenge Bodi , David Finkelhor

Background

A recent study found that over 70% of self-reported experiences of sexual victimization during childhood are caused by other youth. This groundbreaking study confirmed the need to focus on youth in sexual violence perpetration prevention efforts but left unanswered questions about the age dynamics of youth-involved in this type of sexual violence (termed nonconsensual sexual behavior hereafter). That is, it remains unclear if most nonconsensual sexual behavior was caused by older youth toward younger children or between age-similar youth.

Objective

To examine the age differentials between youth who initiated and youth who experienced nonconsensual sexual behavior.

Participants and setting

Data were drawn from the National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence (NatSCEV) comprising a nationally representative sample of 13,052 U.S. children and adolescents aged 0–17.

Methods

Analyses focused on 513 unique, self-reported incidents of nonconsensual sexual behavior. Incidents were categorized by developmental stage and age differential of the person who initiated the behavior and the person who experienced the behavior.

Results

In 60.2% of all cases, the individual who initiated the nonconsensual sexual behavior was younger than 18 years old. Of these instances, most (66.6%) occurred between two adolescents (13–17 years) and least (15.1%) between an adolescent and a child. In 71% of instances, the youth who initiated nonconsensual sexual behavior was two or fewer years older than the youth who experienced the behavior.

Conclusion

Most youth-caused nonconsensual sexual behavior occurs between peers of similar age, supporting the idea that prevention efforts should address peer dynamics and healthy relationships. Adults were often aware of the instances when children experienced or initiated the nonconsensual sexual behavior but unaware when adolescents experienced or initiated such behavior.

背景：最近的一项研究发现，在自我报告的儿童期性侵害经历中，超过70%是由其他青少年造成的。这项开创性的研究证实了在性暴力犯罪预防工作中关注青少年的必要性，但对于涉及这类性暴力（以下称为非自愿性行为）的青少年的年龄动态问题仍未得到解答。也就是说，目前尚不清楚大多数非自愿性行为是由年长的青少年对年幼的孩子造成的，还是由年龄相仿的青少年之间造成的。目的：探讨发起和经历过非自愿性行为的青少年之间的年龄差异。参与者和环境：数据来自全国儿童暴力暴露调查（NatSCEV），包括全国代表性样本13052名0-17岁的美国儿童和青少年。方法：分析513个独特的、自我报告的非自愿性行为事件。事件是根据行为发起者和经历者的发展阶段和年龄差异进行分类的。结果：在60.2%的病例中，发起非自愿性行为的个体年龄小于18岁。在这些情况中，大多数（66.6%）发生在两名青少年（13-17岁）之间，最少（15.1%）发生在一名青少年和一名儿童之间。在71%的案例中，发起非自愿性行为的青少年比经历过这种行为的青少年大两岁或更少。结论：大多数由青少年引起的非自愿性行为发生在年龄相仿的同龄人之间，这支持了预防措施应该关注同伴动态和健康关系的观点。成年人通常知道儿童经历或发起非自愿性行为的情况，但不知道青少年经历或发起此类行为的情况。

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引用次数: 0

Operationalizing childhood adversity to predict delinquency: Comparing single adversity, cumulative risk, and latent class approaches 运用童年逆境预测犯罪：比较单一逆境、累积风险和潜在阶层方法。

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107922

Yuhui Liu , Lydia Gabriela Speyer , Monica Truelove-Hill , Jasmin Wertz , Ingrid Obsuth

Background

Juvenile delinquency remains a major concern. While adversity is linked to delinquency, less is known about how different operationalizations of adversity compare in predicting delinquency. Many studies overlook key features including type, co-occurrence, timing, and chronicity.

Objective

This study compared three approaches to operationalizing adversity across two developmental periods-childhood and adolescence-by examining individual adversities, cumulative adversity scores, and latent class analysis (LCA), and examining their associations with delinquency.

Participants and setting

Data were drawn from the Millennium Cohort Study, a nationally representative UK longitudinal sample (N = 9980).

Methods

Linear regression analyses assessed associations for individual adversities measured separately in childhood and adolescence, cumulative adversity scores calculated for each period, and LCA-derived adversity patterns spanning both periods.

Results

Several childhood adversities (parental divorce/separation, maternal alcohol and drug use) and several adolescent adversities (maternal drug use, accidents or injuries, conventional criminal victimization, sexual victimization, and electronic victimization) predicted higher delinquency. LCA identified four groups: low adversity with moderate childhood physical threat, high deprivation with childhood threat, maternal substance use with adolescent threat, and high general adversity. Individuals in the low-adversity class reported less delinquency than average, whereas those in the high-adversity class reported more. Cumulative scores were also positively associated with delinquency, with adolescent cumulative adversity showing the stronger effects.

Conclusions

Deprivation-related adversities in childhood and threat-related adversities in adolescence were particularly influential. Individuals exposed to high cumulative adolescent adversity or chronic multi-domain adversities were most vulnerable. Each operationalization provided distinct insights, underscoring the importance of how adversity is conceptualized.

背景：青少年犯罪仍然是一个主要问题。虽然逆境与犯罪有关，但人们对逆境在预测犯罪方面的不同运作方式知之甚少。许多研究忽略了关键特征，包括类型、共发生、时间和慢性。目的：本研究通过考察个体逆境、累积逆境得分和潜在类别分析（LCA），比较了童年和青少年两个发展时期逆境的三种操作化方法，并考察了它们与犯罪的关系。参与者和环境：数据来自千年队列研究，这是一项具有全国代表性的英国纵向样本（N = 9980）。方法：线性回归分析评估了在童年和青春期分别测量的个体逆境的关联，计算每个时期的累积逆境得分，以及跨越两个时期的lca衍生逆境模式。结果：一些童年逆境（父母离婚/分居、母亲酗酒和吸毒）和一些青少年逆境（母亲吸毒、事故或伤害、传统犯罪受害、性受害和电子受害）预示着更高的犯罪。LCA确定了四组：低逆境伴中度童年身体威胁，高剥夺伴童年威胁，母亲物质使用伴青少年威胁，高一般逆境。低逆境阶层的人报告的犯罪行为低于平均水平，而高逆境阶层的人报告的犯罪行为高于平均水平。累积得分也与青少年犯罪呈正相关，青少年累积逆境表现出更强的影响。结论：儿童时期与剥夺相关的逆境和青少年时期与威胁相关的逆境影响特别大。暴露于高累积青春期逆境或慢性多领域逆境的个体最脆弱。每次操作都提供了不同的见解，强调了如何概念化逆境的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

A self-directed parenting program to reduce the risk of child maltreatment in rural China: A cluster randomized controlled trial 一项减少中国农村儿童受虐待风险的自我导向父母计划：一项随机对照试验。

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.107937

Weiwei Wang , Huiping Zhang

Background

Child maltreatment is highly prevalent in rural areas, yet evidence-based parenting programs remain largely inaccessible because of caregivers' inflexible work schedules and the shortage of trained facilitators. To enhance its scalability and cost-effectiveness, we adapted the Chinese version of Parenting for Lifelong Health for Young Children (PLH-YC) program into a self-directed online format with two group discussions and evaluated its impact in rural China.

Methods

Twelve classes (191 caregivers) in one rural kindergarten were cluster-randomized 1:1 to either a self-directed online PLH-YC program (100 caregivers) or a book-reading control (91 caregivers). Assessments were conducted at baseline, two weeks post-intervention, and three-month follow-up. Analyses adhered to the intention-to-treat principle, using zero-inflated negative binomial regression for count outcomes (e.g., child maltreatment) and linear mixed-effects regression for continuous outcomes (e.g., positive parenting practices).

Results

Two weeks post-intervention, caregivers in the self-directed group reported a 33% reduction in overall child maltreatment (IRR = 0.67, p < 0.001), a moderate increase in positive parenting (d = 0.53, p < 0.001), a small-to-moderate changes in parent-child relationship quality (d = 0.32, p < 0.001) and parenting stress (d = −0.31, p < 0.001) relative to controls. At the three-month follow-up, reductions in child behavior problems became significant (d = −0.40, p < 0.001). Parenting efficacy and parental depressive symptoms did not differ between groups at both time points.

Conclusion

The self-directed online PLH-YC program, combined with group discussions, provided an effective, low-cost, and scalable option for disadvantaged rural caregivers in China.

背景：儿童虐待在农村地区非常普遍，但由于照顾者的工作时间不灵活和训练有素的辅导员短缺，基于证据的育儿计划在很大程度上仍然无法实现。为了提高其可扩展性和成本效益，我们将中文版的“幼儿终身健康养育”（PLH-YC）项目改编为自主在线形式，并进行了两次小组讨论，并评估了其在中国农村的影响。方法：将一所农村幼儿园的12个班（191名看护人）按1:1的比例分组随机分为自主在线PLH-YC项目（100名看护人）和读书对照组（91名看护人）。在基线、干预后两周和三个月随访时进行评估。分析遵循意向治疗原则，对计数结果（如虐待儿童）使用零膨胀负二项回归，对连续结果（如积极育儿实践）使用线性混合效应回归。结果：干预两周后，自我指导组的护理人员报告的儿童虐待总体减少了33% （IRR = 0.67, p）。结论：自我指导的在线PLH-YC项目结合小组讨论，为中国农村弱势护理人员提供了一种有效、低成本和可扩展的选择。

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引用次数: 0