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Why mixed communities regeneration fails to improve the lives of low-income young people 混合社区改造为何无法改善低收入年轻人的生活
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-05-27 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241248965
Rana Khazbak
The demolition and replacement of social housing with mixed income communities is thought to mitigate the harmful effects of growing up in geographical concentrations of poverty and improve the life chances of low-income populations. However, there is little evidence on how young people are impacted by mixed communities regeneration prevalent in many cities across the Western world. This paper examines the mechanisms through which the capabilities of low-income young people are influenced by transforming their social housing estate into a mixed income community. It draws on participatory research with teenagers and adult stakeholders in a London mixed income neighbourhood. The findings suggest that mixed communities regeneration perpetuates the social injustices that young people from disadvantaged backgrounds experience in the city. The paper identifies and unpacks the mechanisms of stigmatisation, exclusion, social inequalities, community fragmentation and marginalisation of youth voices implicated in these injustices. These mechanisms constrain many of the capabilities young people value including their ability to benefit from their neighbourhood’s regeneration.
人们认为,拆除社会住房并代之以混合收入社区,可以减轻在贫困地域集中地区长大的有害影响,并改善低收入人群的生活机会。然而,关于年轻人如何受到西方世界许多城市普遍存在的混合社区再生的影响,却鲜有证据。本文探讨了低收入青少年的能力是如何通过将其所在的社会住宅区改造成混合收入社区而受到影响的。本文借鉴了对伦敦一个混合收入社区的青少年和成年利益相关者进行的参与式研究。研究结果表明,混合社区的改造使来自弱势背景的青少年在城市中经历的社会不公正现象永久化。本文指出并揭示了与这些不公正现象有关的污名化、排斥、社会不平等、社区分裂和青少年声音边缘化等机制。这些机制限制了年轻人所珍视的许多能力,包括他们从社区复兴中获益的能力。
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引用次数: 0
‘I leave the everyday behind, everyday’: Sounds and spaces of the revanchist middle classes in Berlin’s Fünf Morgen Dahlem Urban village 我把日常抛在脑后,每天如此":柏林 "Fünf Morgen Dahlem "城中村中产阶级的声音与空间
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241249061
Christy Kulz
Processes of gentrification and redevelopment have accelerated in Berlin in the decades following reunification, however the lens of research inquiry has most often been trained upon districts like Kreuzberg or Neukölln – areas synonymous with media portrayals of Berlin as a hedonistic, gritty, artistic location. These analyses rarely deal with how the regulation of sound features in Berlin’s reshaping via investment capital. This paper builds on previous research on housing developments and regeneration in Berlin, however it centres itself within the under-researched, affluent space of Dahlem in southwest Berlin. While this long affluent area does not necessarily undergo new-build gentrification, luxury developments like Fünf Morgen provoke sonic and spatial conflicts that highlight cleavages between different factions of the middle-classes. The paper shows how luxury housing projects come to shape the sonic and spatial atmospheres of cities via a micro-examination of sonic and spatial struggles around Fünf Morgen Dahlem Urban Village built almost 10 years ago. Through a discursive and ethnographic engagement with the everyday life of this site formerly occupied by the American Army Forces, the paper explores the urban atmospheres created by these projects after their instantiation. It evidences the neoliberal privatisation processes at work via sonic and spatial conflicts in already affluent city areas.
统一后的几十年间,柏林的城市化和再开发进程不断加快,然而,研究调查的镜头却常常对准克罗伊茨贝格(Kreuzberg)或新科隆(Neukölln)等地区--这些地区是媒体将柏林描绘成享乐主义、邋遢、艺术之都的代名词。这些分析很少涉及声音监管如何通过投资资本重塑柏林。本文基于以往对柏林住房开发和重建的研究,但将研究重点放在研究不足的柏林西南部富裕地区达勒姆(Dahlem)。虽然这个长期富裕的地区并不一定会经历新建住宅的绅士化,但像 Fünf Morgen 这样的豪华住宅开发项目却引发了声波和空间冲突,凸显了中产阶级不同派别之间的裂痕。本文通过对近 10 年前建成的 Fünf Morgen Dahlem 城市村周围的声波和空间斗争进行微观考察,展示了豪华住宅项目如何塑造城市的声波和空间氛围。通过对这一曾被美国陆军占领的场所的日常生活进行话语和人种学研究,本文探讨了这些项目在实施后所营造的城市氛围。它证明了新自由主义私有化进程通过声音和空间冲突在已经富裕的城市地区发挥作用。
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引用次数: 0
Book review: The Routledge Handbook of Urban Design Research Methods 书评:Routledge 城市设计研究方法手册
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241242379
Tim G Townshend
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引用次数: 0
Book review: Food Sovereignty and Urban Agriculture: Concepts, Politics, and Practice in South Africa 书评:粮食主权与城市农业:南非的概念、政治与实践
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241249663
Eirene Tentua, Zahrotul Firdaus
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引用次数: 0
Infrastructural politics: A conceptual mapping and critical review 基础设施政治:概念映射与批判性评论
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241246206
León Felipe Téllez Contreras
The notion of infrastructural politics has been increasingly used in urban studies as it helps to explore urbanisation processes, the urban condition and urban life. Given its relevance, this article maps out and critically reviews the main analytical strands that inform its meanings, namely, conventional and popular infrastructural politics. These strands reveal the current tendency to demarcate infrastructural politics as two separate, antagonistic domains that associate the notion with particular hegemonic and subaltern actors, practices and processes. The article problematises this tendency and proposes a broader understanding of infrastructural politics as an ordinary and contentious political arena where diverse actors develop politico-infrastructural repertoires that co-exist in multifaceted, conflictive ways rather than as separate domains. Drawing on political ethnographic understandings of politics, infrastructural politics is conceived as a point of convergence where conventional and popular infrastructural politics meet and mesh. This suggests the possibility of cross-fertilising conversations between infrastructure studies and political ethnography that can refine our understanding of infrastructural politics, first, by promoting a more nuanced examination of the overlaps and interdependencies between hegemonic and subaltern politico-infrastructural actors and practices, and second, by addressing the critical role of infrastructures in enabling and materialising such overlaps and interdependencies.
基础设施政治这一概念越来越多地被用于城市研究,因为它有助于探索城市化进程、城市状况和城市生活。鉴于其相关性,本文对其含义的主要分析思路,即传统基础设施政治和大众基础设施政治进行了规划和批判性评论。这些观点揭示了当前将基础设施政治划分为两个独立、对立领域的趋势,并将这一概念与特定的霸权和次等参与者、实践和进程联系在一起。文章对这一倾向提出质疑,并提出了对基础设施政治的更广泛理解,即基础设施政治是一个普通的、有争议的政治舞台,在这个舞台上,不同的行动者形成了政治-基础设施组合,这些组合以多方面的、冲突性的方式共存,而不是作为独立的领域。根据政治人种学对政治的理解,基础设施政治被视为传统政治与大众基础设施政治交汇融合的汇合点。这表明,基础设施研究与政治人种学之间有可能开展相互促进的对话,从而完善我们对基础设施政治的理解,首先,通过促进对霸权和次等政治-基础设施行为者和实践之间的重叠和相互依存关系进行更细致的研究,其次,通过探讨基础设施在促成和实现这种重叠和相互依存关系方面的关键作用。
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引用次数: 0
African Urban Studies: Contributions and Challenges 非洲城市研究:贡献与挑战
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241239184
Sylvia Croese, Astrid Wood
Scholarship on African cities represents a growing yet still scarce subfield in urban studies, especially considering the scale and variety of African urbanisation patterns. The purpose of this Virtual Special Issue is to review the scholarship published on urban Africa in Urban Studies over the past five decades. In this Editorial, we reflect on the contributions of African urban scholarship and present a selection of articles to highlight the ways in which it has shaped key fields of urban studies. We also note the challenges that underpin ongoing lacunae in urban knowledge production and suggest directions for future work. This discussion provides a lens on our understandings of the urban condition in Africa and the general trajectory of urban scholarship.
有关非洲城市的学术研究是城市研究中一个不断发展但仍然稀缺的子领域,特别是考虑到非洲城市化模式的规模和多样性。本虚拟特刊旨在回顾过去五十年《城市研究》中发表的有关非洲城市的学术成果。在这篇社论中,我们反思了非洲城市学术研究的贡献,并精选了一些文章,以突出非洲城市学术研究塑造城市研究关键领域的方式。我们还注意到城市知识生产中持续存在的空白所带来的挑战,并提出了未来工作的方向。这一讨论为我们理解非洲城市状况和城市学术研究的总体轨迹提供了一个视角。
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引用次数: 0
Smart cities, virtual futures? – Interests of urban actors in mediating digital technology and urban space in Tallinn, Estonia 智能城市,虚拟未来?- 爱沙尼亚塔林市的城市参与者在数字技术和城市空间中介方面的兴趣
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241245871
Olli Ilmari Jakonen
Urban spaces are reconfigured as digital technologies are increasingly embedded into cities. While existing research has considered the role of urban actors in implementing digital technologies as part of the smart urbanism framework, it has insufficiently considered the role that urban space plays for individual stakeholders and the implications this has for how they contribute to digital cities. This article therefore explores the converging interests of urban actors in mediating digital technology adoption in urban space. It draws on literature on the spatial impact of digital technologies, digital urban growth, and urban governance theory to frame the agency of urban actors to mobilise resources and collaboration to protect their interests. The paper provides insight into how interests in digital technology adoption and in the use of urban space intersect in a middle-sized European city – Tallinn, Estonia – and how these interests converge between local key stakeholders in local governance. Based on a thematic analysis of interviews, it is argued that the potential of digital technologies to dislocate functionalities from physical urban space should be understood against the backdrop of local actors’ interests. It is therefore suggested that smart urbanism should be understood as a framework through which actors of the city attempt to seize the benefits of digital technologies without compromising their interests in urban space.
随着数字技术越来越多地融入城市,城市空间也在重新配置。虽然现有研究已经考虑了城市参与者在实施数字技术(作为智慧城市框架的一部分)中所扮演的角色,但还没有充分考虑到城市空间对各个利益相关者所扮演的角色,以及这对他们如何为数字城市做出贡献所产生的影响。因此,本文探讨了城市行动者在促进城市空间采用数字技术方面的共同利益。文章借鉴了有关数字技术的空间影响、数字城市发展和城市治理理论的文献,阐述了城市行动者调动资源和协作以保护自身利益的机制。本文深入探讨了在爱沙尼亚塔林这座中等规模的欧洲城市中,采用数字技术和使用城市空间的利益是如何交织在一起的,以及这些利益是如何在地方治理的主要利益相关者之间汇聚的。基于对访谈的主题分析,本文认为,应在地方参与者利益的背景下理解数字技术从实体城市空间中分离功能的潜力。因此,建议将智慧城市主义理解为一个框架,通过这个框架,城市行动者试图抓住数字技术带来的好处,同时又不损害他们在城市空间中的利益。
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引用次数: 0
Discontent in the world city of Singapore 世界城市新加坡的不满情绪
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241246913
Gordon Kuo Siong Tan, Jessie PH Poon, Orlando Woods
A burgeoning literature on ‘left behind’ places has emerged that captures the backlash against globalisation and highlights the locales that lag world cities. This paper integrates the ‘left behind’ and world cities literatures through the lens of discontent in the context of Singapore, using sentiment analysis and topic modelling as well as interviews with local professionals to unpack the multidimensional aspects of discontent. Focusing on the Singapore–India Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement that spurred discontent directed at foreign Indian professionals, we show that the worlding generated by transnational flows has accentuated intra-urban inequality through racialisation and spatialisation of financial business and suburban residential hubs. Discontent from intra-urban inequality unsettles years of efforts by the state to cultivate cosmopolitan spaces aimed at reducing social exclusion and difference in the world city of Singapore.
关于 "落后地区 "的文献不断涌现,这些文献捕捉到了对全球化的反弹,并强调了落后于世界城市的地区。本文以新加坡的不满情绪为视角,整合了 "留守 "文献和世界城市文献,利用情感分析、主题建模以及对当地专业人士的访谈,从多维度解读不满情绪。我们以《新加坡-印度全面经济合作协定》为重点,指出该协定引发了针对印度外籍专业人士的不满情绪,跨国流动所产生的世界化通过金融商业中心和郊区住宅中心的种族化和空间化,加剧了城市内部的不平等。城市内部的不平等引发的不满情绪扰乱了国家多年来为在新加坡这座世界城市中减少社会排斥和差异而培育世界性空间所做的努力。
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引用次数: 0
Megaprojects in austerity times: Populism, politicisation, and the breaking of the neoliberal consensus 紧缩时期的大型项目:民粹主义、政治化和打破新自由主义共识
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241246704
Amparo Tarazona Vento
Drawing on the literature on neoliberalism and populism this paper examines the potential of contentious politics that target iconic megaprojects for promoting societal politicisation and effectively challenge the neoliberal consensus over the necessity of sustained growth and competitiveness, in a context of enduring austerity. Using the case of Valencia as an entry point, it looks at how, just as decision makers and global architects alike had mobilised iconic megaprojects and events to generate consent for the city’s neoliberal urban policy, opposition movements, with less economic resources but in innovative ways, provided an alternative narrative to interpret the urban policy and its social consequences. Empirically, this paper draws upon 35 semi-structured research interviews and a press coverage analysis of national and regional newspapers. Interviews were conducted with urban environment professionals, members of business associations, members of political parties, elected politicians, journalists, community representatives and members of the social movements involved. From both theoretical and empirical perspectives, the case of Valencia raises important questions regarding the potential of populist strategies to foster politicisation and challenge the neoliberal post-political consensus.
本文借鉴了有关新自由主义和民粹主义的文献,探讨了在持续紧缩的背景下,以标志性巨型项目为目标的争议政治在促进社会政治化、有效挑战新自由主义关于持续增长和竞争力必要性的共识方面的潜力。本文以巴伦西亚为切入点,探讨了决策者和全球建筑师如何通过动员标志性巨型项目和活动来获得对该市新自由主义城市政策的认同,而反对派运动则利用较少的经济资源,以创新的方式提供了另一种叙事方式来诠释城市政策及其社会后果。本文通过 35 个半结构式研究访谈以及对全国性和地区性报纸的新闻报道分析得出了经验。访谈对象包括城市环境专业人士、商业协会成员、政党成员、民选政治家、记者、社区代表以及相关社会运动的成员。从理论和经验的角度来看,巴伦西亚的案例提出了民粹主义战略在促进政治化和挑战新自由主义后政治共识的潜力方面的重要问题。
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引用次数: 0
Inhabiting digital spaces: An informational right to the city for mobility justice 居住在数字空间:城市信息权促进流动性正义
IF 4.7 1区 经济学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241244512
Dian Nostikasari, Nicole Foster, Lauren Krake
Space is often produced digitally before it is produced physically. This article investigates how the right to the city can be broadened to include the appropriation of digital spaces to produce ‘lived’ transportation spaces. Focussing on mobilisation against highway expansion in Dallas, Texas, we ask the following: (1) what are the mechanisms through which space is conceived, perceived, and lived through the lens of mobility justice; (2) how might claims for technical information challenge dominant transportation policies and projects; and (3) how might participants inhabit digital spaces? We conduct a qualitative analysis of transportation planning narratives, visualisations, and public comments in three documents: the Dallas City Center Master Assessment Process, Coalition for a New Dallas’ I-345/45 Framework Plan, and public survey data regarding proposed highway changes ( n = 1241). Findings demonstrate how residents challenge transportation ‘needs’ as often determined in conceptual planning spaces. Further, technologies can be appropriated to produce differential spaces, which can alter the trajectory of highway projects. Challenging the legitimacy of institutionalised knowledge through the appropriation and production of digital spaces forms part of a larger claim to the right of the city.
空间往往在实体产生之前就以数字方式产生了。本文探讨了如何扩大城市权的范围,将数字空间的占有纳入其中,以生产 "生活 "交通空间。以得克萨斯州达拉斯市反对高速公路扩张的动员活动为重点,我们提出以下问题:(1)通过流动性正义的视角,空间被构想、感知和生活的机制是什么;(2)对技术信息的诉求如何挑战主流交通政策和项目;以及(3)参与者如何居住在数字空间中?我们对以下三份文件中的交通规划叙述、可视化和公众意见进行了定性分析:达拉斯市中心总体评估过程、新达拉斯联盟的 I-345/45 框架计划,以及有关高速公路变更建议的公众调查数据(n = 1241)。研究结果表明,居民如何挑战通常由概念规划空间决定的交通 "需求"。此外,技术还可被用于制造差异空间,从而改变公路项目的轨迹。通过数字空间的占有和生产来挑战制度化知识的合法性,是对城市权利的更大诉求的一部分。
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引用次数: 0
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Urban Studies
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