Journal of Health Psychology最新文献

As Korea is rapidly becoming an aging society, people are increasingly interested in the life satisfaction of the older adults. Therefore, the need for a tool that can precisely measure the life satisfaction of the older adults in Korea is also increasing. In this study, SWLS, which has been widely used to measure life satisfaction, was applied to Korean older adults. This study analyzed the life satisfaction of the older adults using item response theory that can supplement the limitations of existing research methods. Data from 3543 older adults who responded to the 2021 Korean Happiness Survey. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the goodness of fit of item 5 exceeded the standard value, and item 4 functioned differentially between the young-old and old-old. Based on the results of this study, it presented an empirical basis for the application of SWLS to the older adults.

The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of older adults and counsellors involved in virtual motivational interviewing (MI). This study was part of the Virtual Motivational INTerviewing (VIMINT) feasibility trial of virtual MI for physical activity in older adults. A descriptive qualitative design utilized content analysis. Seven older adults and three counsellors were interviewed. Four categories were developed: (i) Benefits and limitations of using technology (ii) Relationships between older adults and counsellors (iii) MI skills and spirit and (iv) Effects of virtual MI. Older adults and counsellors reported that receiving/delivering MI virtually was convenient and flexible. They described reduced non-verbal communication in virtual MI. Virtual MI facilitates interpersonal relationships, and counsellors reported that MI skills and spirit can be applied virtually. This study showed that virtual MI offers potential benefits with some limitations. The findings could inform future research involving virtual delivery of MI.

Psychosocial dimensions are essential to guarantee an optimal approach to improve emotional well-being in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is evidence of sex differences regarding these dimensions. Thus, the connections between them are crucial to implement personalized therapies. Network model analyses were conducted on data from 593 CVD patients. The models included scores from the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), positive (PA) and negative affect (NA), positivity (PS), satisfaction of life (SLS), social support (SS), self-efficacy on emotion regulation (RESE), cardiac self-efficacy (CSE) and the Short Form-12 Health Survey. The main sex differences were found in: PA-PS (p = 0.03), SS-RESE (p = 0.04), for which the positive associations are stronger for men than for women and PA-RESE (p < 0.01) for which the positive association is stronger for women than for men. These nuances should be considered to implement tailored and integrative therapies for each CVD patient.

Much research has adopted a deficits-based approach to chronic pain, neglecting the study of flourishing. Using a Q-methodological framework, this study sought to explore how individuals experience, understand and perceive flourishing in the context of young people living with chronic pain. Fifty-four individuals completed a Q-sorting task, indicating their level of agreement and disagreement with 52 statements. Q-analysis generated three factors that represented clear viewpoints of participants: 'Pain is not a barrier to flourishing', 'Adapting to a new life' and 'Adopting a positive perspective'. Factors expressed the viewpoints that flexibility is key to enjoying life despite chronic pain, while resilience, management of stressors, acceptance and problem-solving may be required to flourish with chronic pain. Participants' understanding of flourishing also focused on the appreciation and enjoyment of life and achievements. This study provides a useful contribution towards furthering our understanding of flourishing in young people living with chronic pain.

Based on the vulnerability-stress model and coping theory, this study of 1920 people in Scotland investigated how sex, age, occupational factors, anxiety, depression and maladaptive coping behaviours are associated with cardiovascular health. Structural equation modelling and serial Sobel mediation tests were conducted. Anxiety was associated with past arrhythmia, whereas depression was associated with past heart attacks, stroke and angina. Females reported more anxiety, past arrhythmia, confectionary and alcohol consumption, whereas males had more heart attacks. Confectionary consumption was associated with past arrhythmia, and alcohol consumption was associated with past heart attacks. Being older was associated with depression, past stroke, arrhythmia and alcohol consumption. Being younger was associated with anxiety and smoking. Depression and smoking mediated the relationship between type of working and cardiovascular health history, potentially because of socioeconomic factors. Clinicians can use these results to advise clients about cardiovascular risks associated with anxiety, depression, demographics and health-related coping behaviours.

Depression is a major health problem in Chile. Evidence suggests that physical symptoms of depression (PSD) negatively impact self-perceived health and life satisfaction. The aim of this study was to determine the between-person and within-person associations of PSD with self-perceived health and life satisfaction in Chilean adults. The sample consisted of 1424 participants (64.54% female; M_age = 46.77, SD = 14.88) with data in five waves of the Social Longitudinal Study of Chile. Variables were measured through self-report questionnaires. Hypotheses were tested using multilevel analysis. At the within-person level, physical slowing, fatigue, and sleep problems were associated with poorer self-perceived health and lower life satisfaction. At the between-person level, physical slowing and fatigue were associated with poorer perceived health and lower life satisfaction. PSD are associated with self-perceived health and life satisfaction in Chilean adults longitudinally. The study highlights the importance of monitoring PSD changes in Chilean adults.

This editorial reflects on the current and future directions of the Journal of Health Psychology. As the Co-Editors in Chief, we briefly outline our positionality and the importance of our Editorial Board and other peer reviewers in ensuring the rigour of accepted articles. We comment on the middle-ground that has to be struck when considering the scope of open science given that data sharing has to be tempered by ethical and methodological considerations. We re-visit the aims and scope of the journal and reflect on some of the key aspects of diversity that set the journal apart from others. We showcase a selection of Editors' picks that are published in this issue and available as a special collection. The Journal of Health Psychology has a bright future because of the contributions we receive from around the world as well as the outstanding support of peer reviewers.

Online support communities may provide individuals affected by dementia opportunities for reciprocal peer support, however, the support marshalling strategies employed and their success remain unclear. Analysis of 100 randomly selected conversation threads from the Dementia Support Forum indicated that 29% (29/100) of opening posts included a direct support marshalling strategy (i.e. explicit support request) compared with 54% (54/100) labelled as indirect, with the remainder not seeking support. Within the direct marshalling posts, informational support was the most frequently requested (n = 23), followed by network support (n = 7), emotional support (n = 5) and esteem support (n = 1) with analysis of subsequent posts confirming that the types of support requested were present within responses. Regardless of whether a direct or indirect strategy was used, most posts received a response, typically on the same day. Other response facets were comparable, apart from thread duration with conversations elicited through a direct strategy being longer (M = 39.71 vs 14.62 days).

Objective: To examine the levels of patient self-advocacy in a sample of participants with Chiari Malformation (CM) and to explore how they relate to clinical outcomes.

Methods: As part of a larger clinical trial addressing chronic pain in patients with CM, 111 participants completed the Patient Self Advocacy Scale (PSAS), the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI).

Results: PSAS scores indicated a moderately high level of patient self-advocacy (Mean = 3.86 SD = 0.50). The PSAS was not related to depression, anxiety, stress, pain intensity, or pain interference. There were no differences in PSAS according to surgical status (t(61.25) = 0.44, p = 0.66) or use of pain medication (t(109) = 1.05, p = .29).

Discussion: Participants in a clinical trial for CM have high levels of pre-existing patient self-advocacy. Research is needed to understand how patient self-advocacy contributes to the management of CM and how it could impact research of individuals with understudied conditions.

Clinical trials registration: NCT05581472.

We examined and synthesised existing literature on factors associated with paediatric medical-related posttraumatic stress among children and their parents. Children experiencing a broad spectrum of medical conditions, diseases and injuries were of interest. A search of relevant literature concerning PMTS in children and their parents, as well as factors associated with PMTS, was conducted using Medline, PubMed and Scopus. Only studies published in English between January 2018 and November 2023 were included. Twelve articles met inclusion criteria. A broad range of correlates of PMTS were identified for children and parents, which were thematically organised into six key areas: hospital practices and environments; the parent-child relationship; parental mental wellbeing; psychological factors; sociodemographic factors; and the physical consequences of the condition. Bearing in mind constraints on causal inference due to the design of the included studies, knowledge of the factors associated with PMTS may enable clinicians to identify at-risk children and parents, with a view to intervention.