Journal of Health Psychology最新文献

Explore the experiences of nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact these experiences continue to have on their personal and professional lives. This qualitative study utilized interpretative phenomenological analysis with nine nursing professionals from southern Brazil. Two main themes and five subthemes were developed. The first theme, "Ongoing trauma response," had three subthemes: (a) Fear of dying and family dying, (b) Loneliness and isolation, and (c) My emotions don't matter. The second theme highlights the "Continued problems with the larger healthcare system" and is made up of two subthemes: (a) We are humans, not superheroes, and (b) We are still invisible. Symptoms of trauma response continued to be a significant challenge among nursing professionals even after the end of the pandemic. Recommendations for improving working conditions and making mental health services more readily available are discussed.

Associations between personality and self-reported health problems may be biased by reporting heterogeneity, that is, tendency to rate the severity of the same health problem differently. This study used hypothetical health vignettes to examine the magnitude of such heterogeneity. Participants were from Health and Retirement Study (HRS; n = 3950; mean age 65 years, range from 30 to 97) and Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS; n = 8664; mean age 64 years, range from 34 to 87). Personality traits of the Five Factor Model (extraversion, emotional stability, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience) were only weakly associated with vignette ratings (rs < 0.10). Associations between personality and self-reported health problems were not substantially changed when the thresholds of self-reported severity were allowed to vary by personality, based on the participants' ratings of the vignettes. Reporting heterogeneity does not appear to be a major source of bias in the associations between personality traits and self-reported health problems.

Compassion, a complex response aimed at alleviating suffering, plays a crucial role in healthcare professionals' (HCPs) patient care, especially in palliative settings. This study explored compassion in Italian palliative care HCPs using focus groups. A total of 52 palliative care HCPs participated in this study across five focus groups. The transcripts of the discussions were subjected to content analysis. Compassion emerged as "being with someone," a relational dimension deeply influenced by various factors, including patients, caregivers, work environment, and HCPs themselves. While often perceived as innate, the participants expressed their potential to be nurtured through training and group discussions. Compassion is integral to the HCP-patient relationship, shaped by multifaceted aspects. These findings emphasize the importance of cultivating and enhancing compassion through training and group discussions.

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals smoke at higher rates than their heterosexual and cisgender peers. SGM persons, especially transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals, face unique, adverse health effects associated with smoking. As such, SGM individuals may benefit from smoking cessation interventions that are tailored to meet their needs. This systematic review aims to describe the ways in which these interventions have been tailored for SGM individuals and summarize available acceptability and efficacy data. Four databases were searched to identify smoking cessation interventions adapted for SGM populations. Thirteen articles were identified, with tailored aspects focusing on culturally tailored references, SGM-specific psychoeducation, and intra-community support strategies. No clear patterns of efficacy were identified, and only one study included bioverified abstinence. Preliminary evidence suggests that smoking cessation interventions can be acceptably tailored to SGM individuals, however, additional research is needed to determine if SGM-tailored interventions are more efficacious than non-tailored approaches.

In Aotearoa New Zealand, wāhine Māori (Māori women) are overrepresented in several negative post-natal outcomes, including negative outcomes related to caesarean deliveries. We aimed to understand the experiences of wāhine Māori who had experienced a caesarean delivery and to identify how healthcare systems can better meet the needs of wāhine Māori during pre- and post-natal care. Using kaupapa Māori principles, thematic analysis of one-on-one interviews identified eight themes covering a range of issues related to overall wellbeing. Bodily autonomy and choice were discussed by all participants, as was the need for mental wellbeing to be a larger focus of perinatal care. Participants also shared positive encounters with midwives and nurses, as well as a desire to incorporate religious and cultural practices within perinatal care. The caesarean delivery birthing stories of wāhine Māori highlighted the importance of Māori health models in understanding and providing culturally-affirming healthcare to wāhine Māori across Aotearoa.

There is a lack of awareness of how sleep health and sleep disorders are experienced. Previous research has found that living with narcolepsy has a debilitating impact on several areas of an individual's life alongside significant diagnostic delays. This study uses a phenomenological, qualitative methodology to explore experiences of being diagnosed with and living with narcolepsy. Six women with type 1 narcolepsy participated in semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Capturing the whole illness experience of narcolepsy, our analysis illuminated three superordinate themes; 'minimising, dismissing and downplaying symptoms', 'navigating the winding journey to diagnosis' and 'a different way of living'. Through our analysis, we are able to demonstrate the affective impact lack of awareness of sleep and sleep disorders has; resulting in significant diagnostic delays and a lack of support post-diagnosis. Findings demonstrate a need for greater awareness and increased support.

As Korea is rapidly becoming an aging society, people are increasingly interested in the life satisfaction of the older adults. Therefore, the need for a tool that can precisely measure the life satisfaction of the older adults in Korea is also increasing. In this study, SWLS, which has been widely used to measure life satisfaction, was applied to Korean older adults. This study analyzed the life satisfaction of the older adults using item response theory that can supplement the limitations of existing research methods. Data from 3543 older adults who responded to the 2021 Korean Happiness Survey. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the goodness of fit of item 5 exceeded the standard value, and item 4 functioned differentially between the young-old and old-old. Based on the results of this study, it presented an empirical basis for the application of SWLS to the older adults.

The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of older adults and counsellors involved in virtual motivational interviewing (MI). This study was part of the Virtual Motivational INTerviewing (VIMINT) feasibility trial of virtual MI for physical activity in older adults. A descriptive qualitative design utilized content analysis. Seven older adults and three counsellors were interviewed. Four categories were developed: (i) Benefits and limitations of using technology (ii) Relationships between older adults and counsellors (iii) MI skills and spirit and (iv) Effects of virtual MI. Older adults and counsellors reported that receiving/delivering MI virtually was convenient and flexible. They described reduced non-verbal communication in virtual MI. Virtual MI facilitates interpersonal relationships, and counsellors reported that MI skills and spirit can be applied virtually. This study showed that virtual MI offers potential benefits with some limitations. The findings could inform future research involving virtual delivery of MI.

Psychosocial dimensions are essential to guarantee an optimal approach to improve emotional well-being in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is evidence of sex differences regarding these dimensions. Thus, the connections between them are crucial to implement personalized therapies. Network model analyses were conducted on data from 593 CVD patients. The models included scores from the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), positive (PA) and negative affect (NA), positivity (PS), satisfaction of life (SLS), social support (SS), self-efficacy on emotion regulation (RESE), cardiac self-efficacy (CSE) and the Short Form-12 Health Survey. The main sex differences were found in: PA-PS (p = 0.03), SS-RESE (p = 0.04), for which the positive associations are stronger for men than for women and PA-RESE (p < 0.01) for which the positive association is stronger for women than for men. These nuances should be considered to implement tailored and integrative therapies for each CVD patient.

Much research has adopted a deficits-based approach to chronic pain, neglecting the study of flourishing. Using a Q-methodological framework, this study sought to explore how individuals experience, understand and perceive flourishing in the context of young people living with chronic pain. Fifty-four individuals completed a Q-sorting task, indicating their level of agreement and disagreement with 52 statements. Q-analysis generated three factors that represented clear viewpoints of participants: 'Pain is not a barrier to flourishing', 'Adapting to a new life' and 'Adopting a positive perspective'. Factors expressed the viewpoints that flexibility is key to enjoying life despite chronic pain, while resilience, management of stressors, acceptance and problem-solving may be required to flourish with chronic pain. Participants' understanding of flourishing also focused on the appreciation and enjoyment of life and achievements. This study provides a useful contribution towards furthering our understanding of flourishing in young people living with chronic pain.