Journal of Health Psychology最新文献

Intuitive eating is a key focus in health psychology and has been closely linked to negative emotions, particularly among college students. A study examining the protective and risk factors influencing students' intuitive eating could be valuable in helping them manage their weight and improve their emotional well-being. We therefore examined the effects of physical activity and internet addiction. A total of two studies were conducted: a questionnaire survey and an ecological transient assessment. Ultimately, we found that physical activity did not influence students' intuitive eating. However, we found that internet addiction negatively influenced college students' intuitive eating, both in terms of immediate and short-term delayed effects. Using multiple studies, we found that physical activity was not a predictor of intuitive eating and that internet addiction had both immediate and short-term delayed effects on intuitive eating. Furthermore, there was no interaction effect between the two.

This study aimed to validate the Dutch version of the Stanford Gender-Related Variables for Health Research (GVHR) questionnaire and explore sex differences in lifestyle factors, mental health, and health status. In 2021, 569 Dutch participants (54% women, 45% men, aged 20-80) completed the survey. Sex-stratified analyses examined associations with lifestyle (obesity, smoking, alcohol use, physical activity), mental health (depression, anxiety, stress), and overall health status. A seven-factor model best fit the data, revealing significant gendered differences. Women reported higher caregiver strain, discrimination, and emotional intelligence, while men reported more social support and risk-taking. In women findings were more pronounced, and caregiving strain was linked to psychological distress, whereas emotional intelligence and social support were protective. For men, gender discrimination was associated with smoking, depression, anxiety, stress, and poorer health status. The GVHR effectively assesses gender-related behaviors in Dutch samples, though further validation is needed in more diverse populations.

This pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigated the preliminary effects of an 8-week videoconferencing Meaning-Centered Coping Program (MCCP) on women diagnosed with breast cancer. Forty-one participants with stage I, II, or III breast cancer were randomly assigned to either the MCCP or the waitlist control (WLC) group. Data were collected at baseline and after the intervention. MCCP recipients were also assessed at a 2-month follow-up. The results showed that the MCCP group had significantly greater improvements in the presence of meaning, posttraumatic growth, appraisal of breast cancer as a challenge, and anxiety, with a large effect size, compared with the WLC. In addition, improvement in the presence of meaning was observed from baseline to post-intervention and maintained at the 2-month follow-up in the MCCP group. These findings suggest that videoconferencing MCCP is a promising intervention for supporting patients' meaning-making processes.

In this cross-sectional study, we examined the contributions of social support in mitigating the burden that sickle cell disease (SCD) has on the well-being of patients living with the condition. SCD patients (n = 139) in Nigeria completed measures of sickle cell distress, social support, and quality of life. Although we found that SCD distress was strongly associated with poorer quality of life, across domains; social support did not mitigate the impact that SCD distress had on the quality of life of patients. Unlike many health conditions where social support helps patient, SCD distress bears down hard on patients regardless of social support structures.

Structural equation modeling (SEM) tested the plausibility of a causal model with neuroticism, openness to experience, socioeconomic status (SES), and race as predictors of a composite of six health risks and age-adjusted all-cause mortality in 2020 using the 48 contiguous American states as analytic units. In the final model, neuroticism, openness, and SES accounted for 80% of the health risk composite variance. These three variables and composite health risk accounted for 85% of the death rate variance. Neuroticism, openness, and SES had direct impacts on the health risk composite and indirect impacts on death rates through the health risk composite. SES and composite health risk also had direct impacts on death rates. Spatial autocorrelation and multicollinearity were not problematic. These SEM results underline the importance of state resident personality and SES in this context and support the plausibility of the speculation that the demonstrated relations may be causal in nature.

Despite numerous benefits of regular exercise, research has demonstrated some people develop problematic exercise behaviour, with ongoing debates regarding the definition. This study defined three approaches: a traditional medical model including for example withdrawal symptoms; a subjective approach whereby individuals identify their own problematic exercise; and an objective perspective involving persistent exercise despite negative consequences. This cross-sectional study assessed the association between these three approaches in UK-based frequent exercisers (n = 139) alongside correlations with learning, cognitive and emotional biases (reward vs punishment sensitivity, delay discounting and sensation seeking). The results indicate these three approaches to problematic exercise are related but different. Further, medical problematic exercise was associated with heightened sensitivity to reward and punishment; subjective problematic exercise was only associated with heightened punishment sensitivity; objective problematic exercise was associated with reduced punishment sensitivity. This novel classification approach to problematic exercise may help clarify the factors that initiate and perpetuate this behaviour.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program on depression and physical problems in depressed elderly individuals. This randomized controlled trial was conducted on two groups of 30 depressed elderly individuals over 60 years old using purposive sampling. The GDS and the PE-PSI questionnaires were administered to both groups before and after the intervention. A standardized 8-week MBSR training program was held for the experimental group weekly for 1.5 hours. The results showed that between the beginning and 8 weeks of MBSR therapeutic intervention, the level of depression in the elderly individuals significantly decreased (p < 0.001). However, significant improvements in changes in physical problems measured by PE-PSI were not found (p > 0.05). This study provides preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of MBSR as a suitable treatment for the elderly individuals, which caregivers and psychologists in nursing homes can use to improve the mental well-being of the elderly individuals.

Recently, the role of physical activity in enhancing resilience has garnered increasing attention. Resilience describes the personal characteristics that influence psychological recovery and adaptation to stress. This study examined the relationships between various domains of physical activity and resilience in Japanese adults by analyzing panel data from five waves, gathered at 3-month intervals over a year. The study included 579 Japanese adults, with an average age of 46.4 years (SD = 8.0, range = 30-59 years). Results from random effects models revealed a positive association between work-related moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and innate resilience factors. In contrast, sedentary behavior was negatively associated with these factors. Transport- and leisure-related MVPA showed positive correlations with acquired resilience factors. These findings show that the influence of physical activity on resilience may vary across different activity and resilience domains. Therefore, designing targeted interventions based on physical activity types is necessary for enhancing resilience.

Experience of war, terrorism, genocide and politicide manifests in suffering of the victims and survivors. Nevertheless, it is argued here, that, in engaging with these patients, we have to adopt an action theory informed conceptualization of the life of our clients and patients mobilizing their action resources and competences. After describing some experiences with victims of torture, their PTSD symptoms and suicidality are taken as an example to illustrate the contribution of action theory to understanding PTSD and to preventing suicide. This is a review of our research and psychotherapy practice of past four decades.

The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between multimorbidity, psychosocial variables, and clinical outcomes among older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in rural Appalachia. Point-of-care clinical data (e.g. A1c, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure) and self-reported survey data, that includes psychosocial factors (e.g. distress, depressive symptoms, social support, perceived stress), chronic conditions, and sociodemographic variables were obtained from older adults living in rural Appalachia. Clinical data and psychosocial variables were treated as outcome variables, whereas the number of comorbid conditions was treated as the predictor variable. Stress was significantly associated with multimorbidity (β = 0.24, SE = 0.08, p = 0.01). However, T2D distress, social support, disability, and depression did not have statistically significant relationships with multimorbidity. Further research should assess the role of stress on psychosocial factors and clinical outcomes in rural-dwelling older adults.