Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1177/10780874241261149
Susan E. Clarke, Michael A. Pagano
{"title":"Becoming Editors","authors":"Susan E. Clarke, Michael A. Pagano","doi":"10.1177/10780874241261149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874241261149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1177/10780874241262254
Richard Burke
This article examines local media's moderating role in the relationship between local economic performance and mayoral approval. Media's moderating role is especially important in subnational contexts, such as cities, where citizens have particularly low levels of political knowledge. In this article, I hypothesize that the economy's influence on mayoral approval is conditional on the economic coverage of the mayor. I tested this hypothesis on two different datasets. First, I matched twenty-five years of mayoral approval and economic data from New York City with New York Times coverage during the same period. Next, I paired mayoral approval data from the 2016 Cooperative Congressional Election Study with mayoral news coverage from 40 large cities. In both tests, I found evidence that the relationship between local economic performance and public attitudes toward mayors was conditional on whether local media focused on the economy in its mayoral coverage.
{"title":"Spotlighting the Economy: Media Coverage and Mayoral Evaluations","authors":"Richard Burke","doi":"10.1177/10780874241262254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874241262254","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines local media's moderating role in the relationship between local economic performance and mayoral approval. Media's moderating role is especially important in subnational contexts, such as cities, where citizens have particularly low levels of political knowledge. In this article, I hypothesize that the economy's influence on mayoral approval is conditional on the economic coverage of the mayor. I tested this hypothesis on two different datasets. First, I matched twenty-five years of mayoral approval and economic data from New York City with New York Times coverage during the same period. Next, I paired mayoral approval data from the 2016 Cooperative Congressional Election Study with mayoral news coverage from 40 large cities. In both tests, I found evidence that the relationship between local economic performance and public attitudes toward mayors was conditional on whether local media focused on the economy in its mayoral coverage.","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1177/10780874241259423
Sebastian Kurtenbach, Armin Küchler, Andreas Zick
This study examines whether the neighborhood effect on vulnerability to radicalization can be mitigated by the density and diversity of social service organizations. In this study, vulnerability to radicalization is composed of perceived discrimination, distrust of democracy, and authoritarianism. To this end, data from surveys conducted in the three German cities of Dortmund ( n = 1,900), Bonn ( n = 1,986), and Berlin ( n = 2,060) is combined with data on social structure and the size, density, and heterogeneity of local social service organizations at the neighborhood level in hierarchical models. Although the findings show no clear preventive effects of organizational ecology on vulnerability to radicalization, they suggest that local social service organizations are more likely to be effective depending on the extent of local challenges.
{"title":"Prevention of Neighborhood Effects on the Susceptibility to Radicalization: Results of a Comparative Study in Germany","authors":"Sebastian Kurtenbach, Armin Küchler, Andreas Zick","doi":"10.1177/10780874241259423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874241259423","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines whether the neighborhood effect on vulnerability to radicalization can be mitigated by the density and diversity of social service organizations. In this study, vulnerability to radicalization is composed of perceived discrimination, distrust of democracy, and authoritarianism. To this end, data from surveys conducted in the three German cities of Dortmund ( n = 1,900), Bonn ( n = 1,986), and Berlin ( n = 2,060) is combined with data on social structure and the size, density, and heterogeneity of local social service organizations at the neighborhood level in hierarchical models. Although the findings show no clear preventive effects of organizational ecology on vulnerability to radicalization, they suggest that local social service organizations are more likely to be effective depending on the extent of local challenges.","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141803916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1177/10780874241266222
Tomáš Došek, Kent Eaton
In this paper, we argue that, relative to chief executives at higher levels of government, mayors in Latin America often operate with fewer outside checks on their scope of action, with problematic consequences for democracy. To make this argument, we examine a number of factors that can render mayors especially powerful and autonomous as political actors, and distinguish between the vertical (inter-governmental) and horizontal (inter-branch) dimensions of their autonomy. Vertically, we show that mayors have more institutional leeway than governors given the absence of the mechanism of interventions from the national government that could check their power. Horizontally, we identify a number of institutional and noninstitutional advantages that can enable mayors to exercise predominance vis-à-vis municipal legislative bodies and other actors in the local political landscape. To support our argument, we provide evidence gathered from fieldwork in six municipalities in three different countries (Chile, Paraguay, and Peru).
{"title":"Mayors Unchecked: Vertical and Horizontal Dimensions of Local Autonomy in Latin American Municipalities","authors":"Tomáš Došek, Kent Eaton","doi":"10.1177/10780874241266222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874241266222","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we argue that, relative to chief executives at higher levels of government, mayors in Latin America often operate with fewer outside checks on their scope of action, with problematic consequences for democracy. To make this argument, we examine a number of factors that can render mayors especially powerful and autonomous as political actors, and distinguish between the vertical (inter-governmental) and horizontal (inter-branch) dimensions of their autonomy. Vertically, we show that mayors have more institutional leeway than governors given the absence of the mechanism of interventions from the national government that could check their power. Horizontally, we identify a number of institutional and noninstitutional advantages that can enable mayors to exercise predominance vis-à-vis municipal legislative bodies and other actors in the local political landscape. To support our argument, we provide evidence gathered from fieldwork in six municipalities in three different countries (Chile, Paraguay, and Peru).","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141811504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1177/10780874241259464
Alessandro Busá, Loretta Lees
Research on council estate regeneration in London has revealed predominantly negative outcomes, including direct and indirect displacements, the loss of homes and communities, and the slow-violence enacted on residents by lengthy programs. Drawing on recent EU-funded research on Woodberry Down (Hackney), we highlight similar negative effects, alongside some positive, ambiguous, and novel outcomes. We discuss these mixed findings within two emerging trends: a new turn to criticizing “antigentrification” work on estate regeneration; and a housing policy turn back to promoting council homes and the refurbishment of council estates. We conclude that it is premature to evict “antigentrification” perspectives in the longue durée of estate regeneration in London, even in the case of Woodberry Down, which has had some significant community won victories. We also reveal new complicating factors in this “gentrification story”—“Guppies” and precarious private renters who are not the wealthy, professional gentrifiers of earlier new-build gentrification literatures.
{"title":"Should We Evict Critical Perspectives on the State-Led Gentrification of Council Estates in London? The Case of Woodberry Down","authors":"Alessandro Busá, Loretta Lees","doi":"10.1177/10780874241259464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874241259464","url":null,"abstract":"Research on council estate regeneration in London has revealed predominantly negative outcomes, including direct and indirect displacements, the loss of homes and communities, and the slow-violence enacted on residents by lengthy programs. Drawing on recent EU-funded research on Woodberry Down (Hackney), we highlight similar negative effects, alongside some positive, ambiguous, and novel outcomes. We discuss these mixed findings within two emerging trends: a new turn to criticizing “antigentrification” work on estate regeneration; and a housing policy turn back to promoting council homes and the refurbishment of council estates. We conclude that it is premature to evict “antigentrification” perspectives in the longue durée of estate regeneration in London, even in the case of Woodberry Down, which has had some significant community won victories. We also reveal new complicating factors in this “gentrification story”—“Guppies” and precarious private renters who are not the wealthy, professional gentrifiers of earlier new-build gentrification literatures.","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141810024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1177/10780874241264785
Meghna Chandra
Studentification research shows how urban universities transform surrounding neighborhoods into more transient, dense, renter, and segregated places. Despite work on economic, social, physical, and cultural changes, there is a dearth of literature that examines racial and political changes. This dimension is especially important given the impact of many American universities upon historic Black neighborhoods which played a crucial role in struggles for political and economic democracy. This paper examines census data aggregated at the political district level and maps election data to understand the extent to which political districts surrounding Philadelphia universities have studentified, whether studentified and Black Worker neighborhoods emerge as distinct political cleavages, and whether these divisions played a role in two recent elections that saw the unseating of Black Worker incumbents. It argues that the studentification of the Black Worker political districts is correlated with the political displacement of the Black Worker electorate.
{"title":"Studentification and the Political Displacement of the Black Worker Electorate","authors":"Meghna Chandra","doi":"10.1177/10780874241264785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874241264785","url":null,"abstract":"Studentification research shows how urban universities transform surrounding neighborhoods into more transient, dense, renter, and segregated places. Despite work on economic, social, physical, and cultural changes, there is a dearth of literature that examines racial and political changes. This dimension is especially important given the impact of many American universities upon historic Black neighborhoods which played a crucial role in struggles for political and economic democracy. This paper examines census data aggregated at the political district level and maps election data to understand the extent to which political districts surrounding Philadelphia universities have studentified, whether studentified and Black Worker neighborhoods emerge as distinct political cleavages, and whether these divisions played a role in two recent elections that saw the unseating of Black Worker incumbents. It argues that the studentification of the Black Worker political districts is correlated with the political displacement of the Black Worker electorate.","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141813626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1177/10780874241264716
Saran Nurse
Using an analytic autoethnography, this study investigates the survival of 20 Black-owned businesses, including the author's, amidst gentrification in Fort Greene, Brooklyn, New York. It introduces a demand-supply framework, illustrating that survival hinges on the balanced interplay of demand factors—such as attracting and maintaining customer interest and navigating competitive pressures—as well as supply factors, notably securing stable, affordable commercial space. The research emphasizes the multifaceted impact of race and racial discrimination on businesses, from strategic adaptation and operational management to financial capital access, real estate, and customer engagement. It notes that these influences arise from both inter-group and intra-group tensions, while also acknowledging that racial solidarity can offer crucial support. Strategies such as concealing racial identity and leveraging customer referrals emerge as key responses to discrimination. This research enriches the discourse on the commercial implications of gentrification for Black entrepreneurs and provides practical recommendations for policy and practice.
{"title":"Race and Survival: Examining the Interplay of Demand and Supply Factors on Black-Owned Businesses During Gentrification in New York City","authors":"Saran Nurse","doi":"10.1177/10780874241264716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874241264716","url":null,"abstract":"Using an analytic autoethnography, this study investigates the survival of 20 Black-owned businesses, including the author's, amidst gentrification in Fort Greene, Brooklyn, New York. It introduces a demand-supply framework, illustrating that survival hinges on the balanced interplay of demand factors—such as attracting and maintaining customer interest and navigating competitive pressures—as well as supply factors, notably securing stable, affordable commercial space. The research emphasizes the multifaceted impact of race and racial discrimination on businesses, from strategic adaptation and operational management to financial capital access, real estate, and customer engagement. It notes that these influences arise from both inter-group and intra-group tensions, while also acknowledging that racial solidarity can offer crucial support. Strategies such as concealing racial identity and leveraging customer referrals emerge as key responses to discrimination. This research enriches the discourse on the commercial implications of gentrification for Black entrepreneurs and provides practical recommendations for policy and practice.","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141811311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.1177/10780874241250173
{"title":"An Expression of Appreciation to our Reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/10780874241250173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874241250173","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141340786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-09DOI: 10.1177/10780874241258446
K. Einstein, C. Willison
Many American cities are in the midst of a homelessness crisis. Through their control over zoning and land use policy, local governments can reduce homelessness by facilitating housing construction and improving housing affordability. Using administrative data and surveys of local public officials, this paper asks whether (and which) cities connect their homelessness and land use policies. We find that cities rarely link homelessness policies with zoning and land use. Cities in California and the Pacific region are generally more likely to make these connections, suggesting an important state role in guiding local homeless and planning policies. Cities with high and low levels of unsheltered homelessness show little difference in their propensity to connect land use and zoning policies with homelessness.
{"title":"Planning for Homelessness: Land Use Policy, Housing Markets, and Cities’ Homelessness Responses","authors":"K. Einstein, C. Willison","doi":"10.1177/10780874241258446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874241258446","url":null,"abstract":"Many American cities are in the midst of a homelessness crisis. Through their control over zoning and land use policy, local governments can reduce homelessness by facilitating housing construction and improving housing affordability. Using administrative data and surveys of local public officials, this paper asks whether (and which) cities connect their homelessness and land use policies. We find that cities rarely link homelessness policies with zoning and land use. Cities in California and the Pacific region are generally more likely to make these connections, suggesting an important state role in guiding local homeless and planning policies. Cities with high and low levels of unsheltered homelessness show little difference in their propensity to connect land use and zoning policies with homelessness.","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141367581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-06DOI: 10.1177/10780874241259426
Joseph Gibbons, Audrey Beck, Brian Karl Finch, Kyla Thomas
The increase in the prevalence of highly publicized police officer-involved homicides (OIHs) of Black and Hispanic community members has eroded trust in law enforcement. This study posits that these OIHs are a manifestation of the structural disparities resulting from racial/ethnic segregation in metropolitan areas. We use Poisson panel Generalized Linear Mixed-Effects Models to estimate this relationship with data from the Fatal Encounters project, American Community Survey, and various police department data sources. These models demonstrate that segregation characterized by the uneven distribution of Blacks to Whites is positively related to Black OIHs. Likewise, segregation characterized by the uneven distribution of Hispanics to Whites is positively associated with Hispanic OIHs. Meanwhile, the isolation of Blacks from Whites is negatively related to OIHs, and the isolation of Hispanics from Whites has no significant association with OIHs. These diverging relationships indicate the association of segregation to OIHs is more nuanced than previously argued.
黑人和拉美裔社区成员被警察卷入的凶杀案（OIHs）的发生率越来越高，受到高度关注，这削弱了人们对执法部门的信任。本研究认为，这些警察参与的凶杀案是大都市地区种族/族裔隔离造成的结构性差异的一种表现形式。我们使用泊松面板广义线性混合效应模型（Poisson panel Generalized Linear Mixed-Effects Models），通过 "致命遭遇"（Fatal Encounters）项目、美国社区调查（American Community Survey）和各种警察局数据来源的数据来估计这种关系。这些模型表明，以黑人与白人分布不均为特征的种族隔离与黑人 "OIHs "呈正相关。同样，以西班牙裔与白人分布不均为特征的隔离与西班牙裔的 OIHs 呈正相关。与此同时，黑人与白人的隔离与开放式内部人际关系负相关，而西班牙裔与白人的隔离与开放式内部人际关系无显著关联。这些不同的关系表明，种族隔离与老年性痴呆之间的关系比以前所认为的更加微妙。
{"title":"Patterns of Force: The Relationship Between Officer-Involved Homicides of Black and Hispanic Citizens and Metropolitan Residential Segregation","authors":"Joseph Gibbons, Audrey Beck, Brian Karl Finch, Kyla Thomas","doi":"10.1177/10780874241259426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874241259426","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in the prevalence of highly publicized police officer-involved homicides (OIHs) of Black and Hispanic community members has eroded trust in law enforcement. This study posits that these OIHs are a manifestation of the structural disparities resulting from racial/ethnic segregation in metropolitan areas. We use Poisson panel Generalized Linear Mixed-Effects Models to estimate this relationship with data from the Fatal Encounters project, American Community Survey, and various police department data sources. These models demonstrate that segregation characterized by the uneven distribution of Blacks to Whites is positively related to Black OIHs. Likewise, segregation characterized by the uneven distribution of Hispanics to Whites is positively associated with Hispanic OIHs. Meanwhile, the isolation of Blacks from Whites is negatively related to OIHs, and the isolation of Hispanics from Whites has no significant association with OIHs. These diverging relationships indicate the association of segregation to OIHs is more nuanced than previously argued.","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141379605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：