Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.1177/10780874231169923
Zachary Small, Jennifer S. Minner
Local governments view land banks as an improvement to the municipal management of foreclosed property. Critics contend that land banks wield too much power, concentrate demolitions in poor and majority neighborhoods of color, and have unfortunate parallels to the flawed, top-down policies of mid-twentieth century urban renewal. Examining land banks through a lens of social equity and reparative planning, this research asks “To what extent do land banks in New York state work toward equitable urban development?” Interviews with land-bank leaders, property acquisition and disposition data, and spatial analysis of neighborhood dynamics were triangulated in a comparative case study of three land banks in New York state communities. Although land-bank leaders show an awareness and desire to address issues of equity, the authors observed that more community engagement, expanding partnerships with nonprofits, and shifts in approaches to demolition could provide more equitable outcomes in disinvested communities. Some land banks had clearly adopted policies aimed to acknowledge and address the role land banks can and should play in addressing historical inequities. Whether that commitment to equity will remain strong into the future remains an open question. In a COVID-19 context, land banks were operating with significantly reduced inventories and resources. More resources could be provided to land banks from Federal and State sources to support equity initiatives. But those resources should be provided under the condition that land banks become vehicles for repairing past White supremacist and structurally racist policies that created the uneven landscapes that land banks were created to address.
{"title":"Do Land Banks Mean Progress Toward Socially Equitable Urban Development? Observations from New York State","authors":"Zachary Small, Jennifer S. Minner","doi":"10.1177/10780874231169923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874231169923","url":null,"abstract":"Local governments view land banks as an improvement to the municipal management of foreclosed property. Critics contend that land banks wield too much power, concentrate demolitions in poor and majority neighborhoods of color, and have unfortunate parallels to the flawed, top-down policies of mid-twentieth century urban renewal. Examining land banks through a lens of social equity and reparative planning, this research asks “To what extent do land banks in New York state work toward equitable urban development?” Interviews with land-bank leaders, property acquisition and disposition data, and spatial analysis of neighborhood dynamics were triangulated in a comparative case study of three land banks in New York state communities. Although land-bank leaders show an awareness and desire to address issues of equity, the authors observed that more community engagement, expanding partnerships with nonprofits, and shifts in approaches to demolition could provide more equitable outcomes in disinvested communities. Some land banks had clearly adopted policies aimed to acknowledge and address the role land banks can and should play in addressing historical inequities. Whether that commitment to equity will remain strong into the future remains an open question. In a COVID-19 context, land banks were operating with significantly reduced inventories and resources. More resources could be provided to land banks from Federal and State sources to support equity initiatives. But those resources should be provided under the condition that land banks become vehicles for repairing past White supremacist and structurally racist policies that created the uneven landscapes that land banks were created to address.","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45162340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-13DOI: 10.1177/10780874231177628
Brittany Davis, Kirk A. Foster, Ronald O. Pitner, Nikki R. Wooten, Mary L. Ohmer
Gentrification has been identified as a phenomenon that involves impacts on space and place. Particularly, gentrification's social and cultural impacts involve disrupted meanings residents associate with spaces. Although space and place dynamics of gentrification have been well-documented, gentrification research has primarily involved traditional quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods approaches. These traditional approaches have not fully captured the nuanced ways space and place dimensions of gentrification converge in their impacts on residents. Also, traditional approaches have limited most gentrification research to theory and descriptions, as opposed to action and practice. To this end, innovative, integrated methodologies are needed for a paradigm shift in how gentrification is examined and addressed. In this article, we illustrate the use of photovoice and Geographic Information Systems’ Story Map as an integrated methodological approach to examining and fostering action against gentrification's space-place impacts. We provide strengths and challenges of this approach and recommendations for future research.
{"title":"Innovating Methodologies for Examining Gentrification-Induced Social and Cultural Displacement: An Illustration of Integrating Photovoice into Story Map","authors":"Brittany Davis, Kirk A. Foster, Ronald O. Pitner, Nikki R. Wooten, Mary L. Ohmer","doi":"10.1177/10780874231177628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874231177628","url":null,"abstract":"Gentrification has been identified as a phenomenon that involves impacts on space and place. Particularly, gentrification's social and cultural impacts involve disrupted meanings residents associate with spaces. Although space and place dynamics of gentrification have been well-documented, gentrification research has primarily involved traditional quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods approaches. These traditional approaches have not fully captured the nuanced ways space and place dimensions of gentrification converge in their impacts on residents. Also, traditional approaches have limited most gentrification research to theory and descriptions, as opposed to action and practice. To this end, innovative, integrated methodologies are needed for a paradigm shift in how gentrification is examined and addressed. In this article, we illustrate the use of photovoice and Geographic Information Systems’ Story Map as an integrated methodological approach to examining and fostering action against gentrification's space-place impacts. We provide strengths and challenges of this approach and recommendations for future research.","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43777702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-08DOI: 10.1177/10780874231180812
Julien van Ostaaijen
One of the questions when undertaking comparative research into local politics and processes of collective organization is what frame should be used. In recent decades, many scholars have opted for the urban regime. There is however much debate about the usefulness of this concept for comparative purposes, with the urban regime accused of being theoretically both too narrow as well as too general. In three Dutch case studies, researchers have sought a middle way by applying the urban regime's four building blocks (agenda, coalition, resources, and scheme of cooperation) as a heuristic framework. The results show that this approach has several advantages, especially for comparative purposes, as it provides a clear oversight as to which agendas dominate where and when, and how certain coalitions, resources, and schemes of cooperation align. These benefits however require close attention to certain points: researchers should interpret the building blocks consistently and try to avoid overlap and repetition between them.
{"title":"Agendas, Coalitions, Resources, and Schemes of Cooperation: Using the Urban Regime Framework to Study Processes of Urban Governance","authors":"Julien van Ostaaijen","doi":"10.1177/10780874231180812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874231180812","url":null,"abstract":"One of the questions when undertaking comparative research into local politics and processes of collective organization is what frame should be used. In recent decades, many scholars have opted for the urban regime. There is however much debate about the usefulness of this concept for comparative purposes, with the urban regime accused of being theoretically both too narrow as well as too general. In three Dutch case studies, researchers have sought a middle way by applying the urban regime's four building blocks (agenda, coalition, resources, and scheme of cooperation) as a heuristic framework. The results show that this approach has several advantages, especially for comparative purposes, as it provides a clear oversight as to which agendas dominate where and when, and how certain coalitions, resources, and schemes of cooperation align. These benefits however require close attention to certain points: researchers should interpret the building blocks consistently and try to avoid overlap and repetition between them.","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46458428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.1177/10780874231175841
Michelle E. Zuñiga, M. Méndez
At the center of demands for cleaner air, water, and soil in communities disproportionately impacted by environmental hazards, are often cities and counties. Local jurisdictions are uniquely positioned to shape policies and engage with residents in processes that can transform land-use patterns that have negatively impacted low-income, people of color communities. This study assesses the approaches to environmental justice (EJ) that California local jurisdictions with high levels of cumulative environmental health impact are developing in their general plans, under Senate Bill 1000. Results indicate positive outcomes such as the establishment of EJ advisory committees. However, findings also underscore challenges such as a lack of political support from elected officials and minimal resources to implement measures. We find that most general plans include EJ considerations, however, there are concerns regarding how their implementation will unfold. We provide practice-based recommendations to assist planners across the nation working to develop effective EJ considerations.
{"title":"The Emergence of Environmental Justice in General Plans: Lessons From California's Senate Bill 1000","authors":"Michelle E. Zuñiga, M. Méndez","doi":"10.1177/10780874231175841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874231175841","url":null,"abstract":"At the center of demands for cleaner air, water, and soil in communities disproportionately impacted by environmental hazards, are often cities and counties. Local jurisdictions are uniquely positioned to shape policies and engage with residents in processes that can transform land-use patterns that have negatively impacted low-income, people of color communities. This study assesses the approaches to environmental justice (EJ) that California local jurisdictions with high levels of cumulative environmental health impact are developing in their general plans, under Senate Bill 1000. Results indicate positive outcomes such as the establishment of EJ advisory committees. However, findings also underscore challenges such as a lack of political support from elected officials and minimal resources to implement measures. We find that most general plans include EJ considerations, however, there are concerns regarding how their implementation will unfold. We provide practice-based recommendations to assist planners across the nation working to develop effective EJ considerations.","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48102230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.1177/10780874231175837
Rachel M. Krause, S. M. Fatemi, Le Anh Nguyen Long, Gwen Arnold, Sarah L. Hofmeyer
Surveys are an important vehicle for advancing research on urban policy and governance. The introduction of online tools eased survey-based data collection, making it cheaper and easier to obtain data from key informants like local elected officials or public administrators. However, the utility of web-based survey administration may be diminishing. To investigate this dynamic and search for strategies to support survey research in urban studies, we perform a systematic review of survey research in urban policy and administration scholarship and conduct an original survey follow-up experiment. Our findings identify a clear downward trend in survey response rates that was accentuated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results from our survey experiment show distinctly different costs per solicitation and per completed survey, depending on administration mode. These findings stimulate discussion on how scholars may continue to use surveys to generate high-quality, empirically rigorous research on urban affairs in light of recent trends.
{"title":"What is the Future of Survey-Based Data Collection for Local Government Research? Trends, Strategies, and Recommendations","authors":"Rachel M. Krause, S. M. Fatemi, Le Anh Nguyen Long, Gwen Arnold, Sarah L. Hofmeyer","doi":"10.1177/10780874231175837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874231175837","url":null,"abstract":"Surveys are an important vehicle for advancing research on urban policy and governance. The introduction of online tools eased survey-based data collection, making it cheaper and easier to obtain data from key informants like local elected officials or public administrators. However, the utility of web-based survey administration may be diminishing. To investigate this dynamic and search for strategies to support survey research in urban studies, we perform a systematic review of survey research in urban policy and administration scholarship and conduct an original survey follow-up experiment. Our findings identify a clear downward trend in survey response rates that was accentuated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results from our survey experiment show distinctly different costs per solicitation and per completed survey, depending on administration mode. These findings stimulate discussion on how scholars may continue to use surveys to generate high-quality, empirically rigorous research on urban affairs in light of recent trends.","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46610024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.1177/10780874231174510
Richardson Dilworth, M. Sidney
Several articles examine dimensions of representation in urban democracies. In a study of local government hearings in Massachusetts, Einstein et al. (2023) ask whether meeting structure—namely if a meeting is held in-person or on Zoom—can increase the diversity of participants. The answer, it seems, is no: In the planning and zoning board meetings held on Zoom in nearly one hundred Massachusetts cities, there was no significant difference in the representativeness of participants on Zoom compared to in-person meetings. Like in-person hearings, nearly all residents who offered comments by Zoom opposed affordable housing. Older people, white people, and homeowners were vastly overrepresented. Although online meeting formats reduced some barriers to participation, they did not attract a broader range of people or ideas. Two additional articles probe questions related to the relationship between gender and urban democracy. Tolley, Lawlor, and Fortier-Chouinard (2023) consider how voters assess women and men running for mayor in Canadian cities. Contrary to the idea that local office would be more hospitable to women, as they would be perceived as “well-suited” to local issues, voters assessed women mayoral candidates more negatively than male candidates. The authors describe a double-bind: voters’ negative comments about women candidates employed masculine terms such as “assertive” or “aggressive;” yet these same terms were viewed positively when attached to male candidates. At the same time, when voters perceived women candidates as having “feminine” traits such as kindness or approachability, those traits were not perceived as valuable for leadership positions. The authors suggest that voters’ assessments change when they know more about the candidates, but that the low visibility and generally low media coverage of local Letter from the Editors
{"title":"An Introduction to Volume 59, Issue 4","authors":"Richardson Dilworth, M. Sidney","doi":"10.1177/10780874231174510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874231174510","url":null,"abstract":"Several articles examine dimensions of representation in urban democracies. In a study of local government hearings in Massachusetts, Einstein et al. (2023) ask whether meeting structure—namely if a meeting is held in-person or on Zoom—can increase the diversity of participants. The answer, it seems, is no: In the planning and zoning board meetings held on Zoom in nearly one hundred Massachusetts cities, there was no significant difference in the representativeness of participants on Zoom compared to in-person meetings. Like in-person hearings, nearly all residents who offered comments by Zoom opposed affordable housing. Older people, white people, and homeowners were vastly overrepresented. Although online meeting formats reduced some barriers to participation, they did not attract a broader range of people or ideas. Two additional articles probe questions related to the relationship between gender and urban democracy. Tolley, Lawlor, and Fortier-Chouinard (2023) consider how voters assess women and men running for mayor in Canadian cities. Contrary to the idea that local office would be more hospitable to women, as they would be perceived as “well-suited” to local issues, voters assessed women mayoral candidates more negatively than male candidates. The authors describe a double-bind: voters’ negative comments about women candidates employed masculine terms such as “assertive” or “aggressive;” yet these same terms were viewed positively when attached to male candidates. At the same time, when voters perceived women candidates as having “feminine” traits such as kindness or approachability, those traits were not perceived as valuable for leadership positions. The authors suggest that voters’ assessments change when they know more about the candidates, but that the low visibility and generally low media coverage of local Letter from the Editors","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":"59 1","pages":"971 - 976"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45029091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-10DOI: 10.1177/10780874231175963
{"title":"Erratum to Inaccuracies in Low Income Housing Geocodes: When and Why They Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/10780874231175963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874231175963","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46260568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1177/10780874231173618
J. Drucker, C. M. Kayanan
Innovation districts have gained attention as a fast-spreading urban economic development strategy, raising numerous questions. What are their distinguishing attributes? Are they a substantive policy innovation? Are they likely to succeed in fostering innovation and economic dynamism? We propose a definition of innovation districts based on their characteristic features. Given the ambiguity of the term in practice, this is crucial for understanding and analyzing the strategy. We then evaluate innovation districts by applying theories and current understandings of the spatial and economic development aspects of innovation, entrepreneurship, and human capital, illustrating with examples from Boston, Detroit, Saint Louis, and San Diego. We conclude that the combination of components that comprises innovation districts is both new and valuable. Innovation districts present a potential pathway for advancing regional economic development goals via the pathways of innovation and entrepreneurship. We stress the importance of rigorous empirical evaluation and research regarding a variety of practical and strategic concerns.
{"title":"Innovation Districts: Assessing Their Potential as a Strategy for Urban Economic Development","authors":"J. Drucker, C. M. Kayanan","doi":"10.1177/10780874231173618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874231173618","url":null,"abstract":"Innovation districts have gained attention as a fast-spreading urban economic development strategy, raising numerous questions. What are their distinguishing attributes? Are they a substantive policy innovation? Are they likely to succeed in fostering innovation and economic dynamism? We propose a definition of innovation districts based on their characteristic features. Given the ambiguity of the term in practice, this is crucial for understanding and analyzing the strategy. We then evaluate innovation districts by applying theories and current understandings of the spatial and economic development aspects of innovation, entrepreneurship, and human capital, illustrating with examples from Boston, Detroit, Saint Louis, and San Diego. We conclude that the combination of components that comprises innovation districts is both new and valuable. Innovation districts present a potential pathway for advancing regional economic development goals via the pathways of innovation and entrepreneurship. We stress the importance of rigorous empirical evaluation and research regarding a variety of practical and strategic concerns.","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42253945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01Epub Date: 2022-05-10DOI: 10.1177/10780874221098376
Andrew Fenelon, Natalie Slopen, Sandra J Newman
Project-based housing programs and tenant-based housing programs (vouchers) may have differential effects on neighborhood outcomes for residents. Theoretically, vouchers should enhance access to low-poverty neighborhoods for low-income families thereby promoting economic mobility for children, though vouchers' success may vary by race and ethnicity. Drawing on a national survey-administrative data linkage and a quasi-experimental approach, we examine the impact of project-based housing and vouchers on an index of socioeconomic neighborhood disadvantage among children. We find that living in project-based housing leads to greater exposure to neighborhood disadvantage while receiving vouchers leads to reduced exposure. Reductions in neighborhood disadvantage for children receiving vouchers are found only for non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic/Latino children. For non-White families, vouchers are associated with a reduced likelihood of living in high-poverty neighborhoods and increased likelihood of living in low-poverty neighborhoods, presenting an opportunity to narrow racial and ethnic differences in children's neighborhood attainment.
{"title":"The Effects of Rental Assistance Programs on Neighborhood Outcomes for U.S. Children: Nationwide Evidence by Program and Race/Ethnicity.","authors":"Andrew Fenelon, Natalie Slopen, Sandra J Newman","doi":"10.1177/10780874221098376","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10780874221098376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Project-based housing programs and tenant-based housing programs (vouchers) may have differential effects on neighborhood outcomes for residents. Theoretically, vouchers should enhance access to low-poverty neighborhoods for low-income families thereby promoting economic mobility for children, though vouchers' success may vary by race and ethnicity. Drawing on a national survey-administrative data linkage and a quasi-experimental approach, we examine the impact of project-based housing and vouchers on an index of socioeconomic neighborhood disadvantage among children. We find that living in project-based housing leads to greater exposure to neighborhood disadvantage while receiving vouchers leads to reduced exposure. Reductions in neighborhood disadvantage for children receiving vouchers are found only for non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic/Latino children. For non-White families, vouchers are associated with a reduced likelihood of living in high-poverty neighborhoods and increased likelihood of living in low-poverty neighborhoods, presenting an opportunity to narrow racial and ethnic differences in children's neighborhood attainment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":"59 1","pages":"832-865"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12124806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41428710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research turns the spotlight to the deregulation of once publicly funded affordable housing. Through a microsimulation that follows the conversion from affordable to market-rate units on Roosevelt Island New York, we estimate the expected demographic changes each year between 1976 and 2070. The simulation combines information from the American Community Survey, the island's masterplan, the privatization agreements, and interviews with residents, to produce interactive graphs at three urban scales: the neighborhood, the project, and the building. We found that while the households of market-rate units are gradually becoming younger and more affluent, the households of affordable units are becoming older and more impoverished. Despite an individual agreement for each building, the demographic changes are similar, and that, those changes will affect low-income buildings first. Moreover, upon expiration, 30 percent of the existing protected tenants will be over 65 and at risk of being displaced. The simulation is available at http://ridigitaltwin.pythonanywhere.com/ .
{"title":"Affordability with an Expiration Date: A Microsimulation for Estimating the Demographic Changes Caused by Deregulation of Assisted Housing","authors":"Sharon Yavo-Ayalon, Daphna Levine, Shai Sussman, Meirav Aharon Gutman","doi":"10.1177/10780874231169213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874231169213","url":null,"abstract":"This research turns the spotlight to the deregulation of once publicly funded affordable housing. Through a microsimulation that follows the conversion from affordable to market-rate units on Roosevelt Island New York, we estimate the expected demographic changes each year between 1976 and 2070. The simulation combines information from the American Community Survey, the island's masterplan, the privatization agreements, and interviews with residents, to produce interactive graphs at three urban scales: the neighborhood, the project, and the building. We found that while the households of market-rate units are gradually becoming younger and more affluent, the households of affordable units are becoming older and more impoverished. Despite an individual agreement for each building, the demographic changes are similar, and that, those changes will affect low-income buildings first. Moreover, upon expiration, 30 percent of the existing protected tenants will be over 65 and at risk of being displaced. The simulation is available at http://ridigitaltwin.pythonanywhere.com/ .","PeriodicalId":51427,"journal":{"name":"Urban Affairs Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49137879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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