Abstract In this special issue, we seek explanations for international- and local-level variations in policy approaches to ‘irregularized humanitarian migrants’, who left their country of citizenship in hopes of finding protection abroad but do not, or no longer, hold a permanent legal status. We shed light on different policy responses and experiences across Europe, Africa, and the wider Middle East by drawing on a wide array of political systems and migration patterns and different groups of humanitarian migrants. We explore to what extent the outcomes of various policies and practices can be regarded as better and more durable solutions, defined as increasingly taking into account the interests of migrants and the communities they live in. Ultimately, we stress the importance of gaining deeper and more comprehensive understandings of the historically informed context-specific circumstances that irregularized humanitarian migrants find themselves in, as well as the patterns that we see emerging in the comparison of these cases.
{"title":"Introduction: Irregularized Humanitarian Migrants—Policies, Rationales, and the Search for More Durable Solutions","authors":"Marieke van Houte, Zeynep Kaşlı, Arjen Leerkes","doi":"10.1093/jrs/fead056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fead056","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this special issue, we seek explanations for international- and local-level variations in policy approaches to ‘irregularized humanitarian migrants’, who left their country of citizenship in hopes of finding protection abroad but do not, or no longer, hold a permanent legal status. We shed light on different policy responses and experiences across Europe, Africa, and the wider Middle East by drawing on a wide array of political systems and migration patterns and different groups of humanitarian migrants. We explore to what extent the outcomes of various policies and practices can be regarded as better and more durable solutions, defined as increasingly taking into account the interests of migrants and the communities they live in. Ultimately, we stress the importance of gaining deeper and more comprehensive understandings of the historically informed context-specific circumstances that irregularized humanitarian migrants find themselves in, as well as the patterns that we see emerging in the comparison of these cases.","PeriodicalId":51464,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Refugee Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135639044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Borders are at the centre of everyday lives, often with gendered and violent outcomes exacerbating harm across space and time. The feminization of waiting is embedded in the power structures of borders. Yet, feminized waiting in the context of displacement can also be a necessary pre-condition for generating affective geographies of making, and transformative spaces of solidarity and contestation across borders. This paper draws on ethnographic and feminist participatory action research carried out in southern Mexico to document bordering practices ‘from below’, Undocumented Bordering Practices performed by women from Central America experiencing waiting in the Mexico–Guatemala borderlands. I expand the definitions of bordering and refugee protection by centring on women’s protagonism (self-authorship) and collective acts of making (art, food, and spaces of care) as they wait. I illustrate three processes of making while waiting: The making of a ‘mural-on-the-move’, a newsletter titled Breaking Barriers: When women migrate, life migrates, and intimate geopolitics of making and sharing food in borderlands.
{"title":"Undocumented Bordering Practices: Protagonism and Spaces of Making","authors":"Linn Biorklund","doi":"10.1093/jrs/fead057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fead057","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Borders are at the centre of everyday lives, often with gendered and violent outcomes exacerbating harm across space and time. The feminization of waiting is embedded in the power structures of borders. Yet, feminized waiting in the context of displacement can also be a necessary pre-condition for generating affective geographies of making, and transformative spaces of solidarity and contestation across borders. This paper draws on ethnographic and feminist participatory action research carried out in southern Mexico to document bordering practices ‘from below’, Undocumented Bordering Practices performed by women from Central America experiencing waiting in the Mexico–Guatemala borderlands. I expand the definitions of bordering and refugee protection by centring on women’s protagonism (self-authorship) and collective acts of making (art, food, and spaces of care) as they wait. I illustrate three processes of making while waiting: The making of a ‘mural-on-the-move’, a newsletter titled Breaking Barriers: When women migrate, life migrates, and intimate geopolitics of making and sharing food in borderlands.","PeriodicalId":51464,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Refugee Studies","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135831879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Birgitte Stampe Holst, Andreas Bandak, Anders Hastrup, Tareq al-Dilaijim
Abstract What happens with data when the research process radically involves and engages those who are in the target group? How can we move towards collaborative insights by integrating our participants in the design of research, conduct of work, and, ultimately, its writing and dissemination? And how does this enable us to devise better futures when imagining such futures may be the very problem? Based on experimental research methods with Syrian refugee youth in Jordan, this article discusses how novel ways of engaging target groups in research can help push analyses in new directions. Collaborative methods, we argue, allow for 3 general analytical displacements that may help us work through the protracted nature of much humanitarian intervention and aid work: namely, moves from worldmaking to waymaking, from urgency to discernment, and from the biological to the biographical.
{"title":"Methods for the Future, Futures for Methods: Collaborating with Syrian Refugee Youth in Jordan","authors":"Birgitte Stampe Holst, Andreas Bandak, Anders Hastrup, Tareq al-Dilaijim","doi":"10.1093/jrs/fead060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fead060","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract What happens with data when the research process radically involves and engages those who are in the target group? How can we move towards collaborative insights by integrating our participants in the design of research, conduct of work, and, ultimately, its writing and dissemination? And how does this enable us to devise better futures when imagining such futures may be the very problem? Based on experimental research methods with Syrian refugee youth in Jordan, this article discusses how novel ways of engaging target groups in research can help push analyses in new directions. Collaborative methods, we argue, allow for 3 general analytical displacements that may help us work through the protracted nature of much humanitarian intervention and aid work: namely, moves from worldmaking to waymaking, from urgency to discernment, and from the biological to the biographical.","PeriodicalId":51464,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Refugee Studies","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135830661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this article, I draw upon a participatory research project to explore how solitude enhanced a sense of place-attachment and wellbeing for former refugees in Aotearoa New Zealand. Solitude is overlooked in refugee resettlement research, which instead prioritizes theories of social participation and integration. However, positive experiences of aloneness enabled participants to freely regulate their emotions, express their identities, restructure their surroundings, and build meaningful place-attachments. Such emotionally transformative experiences are central to feeling well in new places, and I therefore argue that solitude requires researchers and policymakers’ attention as part of a more balanced resettlement approach; where the stressful work of social participation and integration are tempered with the necessary time and space for individuals to rest, reflect, and rejuvenate. In particular, resettling refugees could benefit from more research on the intersectional nuances of solitude and enhanced access to local knowledge, space, and resources to pursue meaningful solitary activities.
{"title":"‘Enjoying Time Alone’: Exploring Solitude as a Positive Space for Refugee Wellbeing","authors":"Amber Kale","doi":"10.1093/jrs/fead054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fead054","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this article, I draw upon a participatory research project to explore how solitude enhanced a sense of place-attachment and wellbeing for former refugees in Aotearoa New Zealand. Solitude is overlooked in refugee resettlement research, which instead prioritizes theories of social participation and integration. However, positive experiences of aloneness enabled participants to freely regulate their emotions, express their identities, restructure their surroundings, and build meaningful place-attachments. Such emotionally transformative experiences are central to feeling well in new places, and I therefore argue that solitude requires researchers and policymakers’ attention as part of a more balanced resettlement approach; where the stressful work of social participation and integration are tempered with the necessary time and space for individuals to rest, reflect, and rejuvenate. In particular, resettling refugees could benefit from more research on the intersectional nuances of solitude and enhanced access to local knowledge, space, and resources to pursue meaningful solitary activities.","PeriodicalId":51464,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Refugee Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136349476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal Article Addressing the Continuum of Violence with a Continuum of Resilience. Book Review ‘Difficult Life in a Refugee Camp: Gender, Violence, and Coping in Uganda’. By Ulrike Krause Get access Addressing the Continuum of Violence with a Continuum of Resilience. Book Review ‘Difficult Life in a Refugee Camp: Gender, Violence, and Coping in Uganda’. By Ulrike Krause, 2021. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2021. Xiii + 302pp. £85. ISBN 978 1108 830089. Tatiana Morais Tatiana Morais CEDIS Research Centre, Portugal tatiana.morais.cedis@novalaw.unl.pt https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6636-6572 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Refugee Studies, fead058, https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fead058 Published: 26 August 2023 Article history Received: 31 July 2023 Revision received: 03 August 2023 Published: 26 August 2023
{"title":"Addressing the Continuum of Violence with a Continuum of Resilience. Book Review ‘Difficult Life in a Refugee Camp: Gender, Violence, and Coping in Uganda’. By Ulrike Krause","authors":"Tatiana Morais","doi":"10.1093/jrs/fead058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fead058","url":null,"abstract":"Journal Article Addressing the Continuum of Violence with a Continuum of Resilience. Book Review ‘Difficult Life in a Refugee Camp: Gender, Violence, and Coping in Uganda’. By Ulrike Krause Get access Addressing the Continuum of Violence with a Continuum of Resilience. Book Review ‘Difficult Life in a Refugee Camp: Gender, Violence, and Coping in Uganda’. By Ulrike Krause, 2021. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2021. Xiii + 302pp. £85. ISBN 978 1108 830089. Tatiana Morais Tatiana Morais CEDIS Research Centre, Portugal tatiana.morais.cedis@novalaw.unl.pt https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6636-6572 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Refugee Studies, fead058, https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fead058 Published: 26 August 2023 Article history Received: 31 July 2023 Revision received: 03 August 2023 Published: 26 August 2023","PeriodicalId":51464,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Refugee Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal Article African Refugees. By Toyin Falola and Olajumoke Yacob-Haliso Get access African Refugees. By Toyin Falola Olajumoke Yacob-Haliso. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2023. 688pp, $47.50. ISBN 978 0253 064417. Rose Jaji Rose Jaji German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), Germany rose.jaji@idos-research.de https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0266-8541 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Refugee Studies, fead061, https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fead061 Published: 26 August 2023 Article history Received: 29 July 2023 Published: 26 August 2023
期刊文章非洲难民。通过Toyin Falola和Olajumoke jacob - haliso了解非洲难民。作者:Toyin Falola Olajumoke jacob - haliso布卢明顿，印第安纳州:印第安纳大学出版社，2023。688页,47.50美元。Isbn 978 0253 064417。Rose Jaji Rose Jaji德国发展与可持续发展研究所(IDOS)，德国rose.jaji@idos-research.de https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0266-8541搜索作者其他著作:牛津学术谷歌学者难民研究杂志，fead061, https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fead061发表时间:2023年8月26日收稿时间:2023年7月29日发表时间:2023年8月26日
{"title":"African Refugees. By Toyin Falola and Olajumoke Yacob-Haliso","authors":"Rose Jaji","doi":"10.1093/jrs/fead061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fead061","url":null,"abstract":"Journal Article African Refugees. By Toyin Falola and Olajumoke Yacob-Haliso Get access African Refugees. By Toyin Falola Olajumoke Yacob-Haliso. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2023. 688pp, $47.50. ISBN 978 0253 064417. Rose Jaji Rose Jaji German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), Germany rose.jaji@idos-research.de https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0266-8541 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Refugee Studies, fead061, https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fead061 Published: 26 August 2023 Article history Received: 29 July 2023 Published: 26 August 2023","PeriodicalId":51464,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Refugee Studies","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract For more than a decade, the India–Nepal border played a central role as a site of resistance for Bhutan’s refugees. It served as a conduit through which materials and information were exchanged and demonstrations were planned and carried out. Key to the undertaking of these activities was the border’s porosity, which, I argue, is an overlooked opportunity structure in homeland activism. In this article, I draw on borderland theories and empirical evidence from homeland activism carried out by Bhutan’s refugees to elucidate the ways that porosity and opportunity intersect. I identify three mechanisms through which porosity aids not only refugee movement but also refugee mobilization. First, porosity’s path dependence lays the groundwork for critical connections with activist affiliates. Second, porosity enables bi-directional flows of information that aid the work of documentation. Third, porosity improves the likelihood of relative resources into which activist refugees can tap. These mechanisms rely on the physical, social, and symbolic aspects of borderlands.
{"title":"Refugee Mobilization in the Nepal–India Borderlands: Porosity as Opportunity","authors":"Susan Banki","doi":"10.1093/jrs/fead053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fead053","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract For more than a decade, the India–Nepal border played a central role as a site of resistance for Bhutan’s refugees. It served as a conduit through which materials and information were exchanged and demonstrations were planned and carried out. Key to the undertaking of these activities was the border’s porosity, which, I argue, is an overlooked opportunity structure in homeland activism. In this article, I draw on borderland theories and empirical evidence from homeland activism carried out by Bhutan’s refugees to elucidate the ways that porosity and opportunity intersect. I identify three mechanisms through which porosity aids not only refugee movement but also refugee mobilization. First, porosity’s path dependence lays the groundwork for critical connections with activist affiliates. Second, porosity enables bi-directional flows of information that aid the work of documentation. Third, porosity improves the likelihood of relative resources into which activist refugees can tap. These mechanisms rely on the physical, social, and symbolic aspects of borderlands.","PeriodicalId":51464,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Refugee Studies","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135746691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Bellino, Rahul Oka, Marcela Ortiz-Guerrero, Deng Mabil Khot, Ali Adan Abdi, Arii Awar Magdalene
This article draws from curricular analysis and ethnographic methods in school and community spaces where young people live, learn, and work in Kenya’s Kakuma Refugee Camp. We describe how formal citizenship education intended for Kenyan citizens is mediated by teachers working in refugee-serving schools. Our analysis shows how these messages, often scarce and decontextualized, orient refugees to project an imagined future of stability, obscuring the skills needed to navigate the uncertainty they will encounter as noncitizens enduring protracted exile. Examining refugee youth transitions after completing their schooling, we document ‘slips’ in the gaps between the civic knowledge, skills, and dispositions promoted in schools and those required within a limited opportunity structure dominated by a relief economy. Beyond school, we examine pathways that young refugees charted through apprenticeships within the informal economy, leveraging their social networks, gaining life skills, and enacting civic commitments while honing more sustainable livelihoods in exile. We argue that education’s value cannot be contingent on belonging or citizenship status and suggest that the contextualized nature of practice-based learning entailed through apprenticeships enables young refugees to create community through everyday participation, where social relationships both facilitate civic learning and are an outcome of that learning.
{"title":"Many a Slip between Cup and Lip: Navigating Noncitizenship and School-to-Work Transitions in Kakuma Refugee Camp","authors":"M. Bellino, Rahul Oka, Marcela Ortiz-Guerrero, Deng Mabil Khot, Ali Adan Abdi, Arii Awar Magdalene","doi":"10.1093/jrs/fead023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fead023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article draws from curricular analysis and ethnographic methods in school and community spaces where young people live, learn, and work in Kenya’s Kakuma Refugee Camp. We describe how formal citizenship education intended for Kenyan citizens is mediated by teachers working in refugee-serving schools. Our analysis shows how these messages, often scarce and decontextualized, orient refugees to project an imagined future of stability, obscuring the skills needed to navigate the uncertainty they will encounter as noncitizens enduring protracted exile. Examining refugee youth transitions after completing their schooling, we document ‘slips’ in the gaps between the civic knowledge, skills, and dispositions promoted in schools and those required within a limited opportunity structure dominated by a relief economy. Beyond school, we examine pathways that young refugees charted through apprenticeships within the informal economy, leveraging their social networks, gaining life skills, and enacting civic commitments while honing more sustainable livelihoods in exile. We argue that education’s value cannot be contingent on belonging or citizenship status and suggest that the contextualized nature of practice-based learning entailed through apprenticeships enables young refugees to create community through everyday participation, where social relationships both facilitate civic learning and are an outcome of that learning.","PeriodicalId":51464,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Refugee Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49272623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘But You Try to Dig the Hole; Why?’: A Review of the Hearing","authors":"D. Ozkul","doi":"10.1093/jrs/fead051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fead051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51464,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Refugee Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42145192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to: ‘Doing’ Legal History in Refugee Law: A Snapshot of Bangladesh’s Engagement with Non-Refoulement","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/jrs/fead052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fead052","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51464,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Refugee Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41885682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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