ABSTRACT Saudi society has witnessed massive changes in a short period of time. This paper investigates the impact of these changes on the Saudi family in general and women in particular. Data were collected from questionnaires and interviews of 95 Saudi working women in Riyadh city, the capital of Saudi Arabia. This study reports that not all aspects of the Saudi family have changed in the same degree. Marital aspects such as housing, home appliances, furniture, and brideprice have changed faster than cultural ones, such as marriage pattern, roles, attitudes towards the sexual division of labor and authority in the family. One important change, however, that has taken place in the Saudi family is the dynamic of the marital relationship. Whereas traditionally this relationship was characterized by the exaggerated respect wives were expected to show their husbands in their daily interactions, nowadays a mutual respect and understanding is increasingly evident in the relationship. It is important to note th...
{"title":"Women, Family and the Discovery of Oil in Saudi Arabia","authors":"S. Al-Khateeb","doi":"10.1300/J002V27N01_11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J002V27N01_11","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Saudi society has witnessed massive changes in a short period of time. This paper investigates the impact of these changes on the Saudi family in general and women in particular. Data were collected from questionnaires and interviews of 95 Saudi working women in Riyadh city, the capital of Saudi Arabia. This study reports that not all aspects of the Saudi family have changed in the same degree. Marital aspects such as housing, home appliances, furniture, and brideprice have changed faster than cultural ones, such as marriage pattern, roles, attitudes towards the sexual division of labor and authority in the family. One important change, however, that has taken place in the Saudi family is the dynamic of the marital relationship. Whereas traditionally this relationship was characterized by the exaggerated respect wives were expected to show their husbands in their daily interactions, nowadays a mutual respect and understanding is increasingly evident in the relationship. It is important to note th...","PeriodicalId":51527,"journal":{"name":"MARRIAGE AND FAMILY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"1998-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J002V27N01_11","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66463949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stepfamilies from the Child's Perspective","authors":"Aino Ritala-Koskinen","doi":"10.1300/J002V26N01_09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J002V26N01_09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51527,"journal":{"name":"MARRIAGE AND FAMILY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"1997-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J002V26N01_09","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66462663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stepfamilies from the Stepfamily's Perspective","authors":"M. Coleman, L. Ganong","doi":"10.1300/J002V26N01_07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J002V26N01_07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51527,"journal":{"name":"MARRIAGE AND FAMILY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"1997-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J002V26N01_07","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66462926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stepfamily Therapy from the Client's Perspective","authors":"E. Visher, J. S. Visher, K. Pasley","doi":"10.1300/J002V26N01_12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J002V26N01_12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51527,"journal":{"name":"MARRIAGE AND FAMILY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"1997-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J002V26N01_12","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66462874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stepfamilies in 1984 and Today–A Scholarly Perspective","authors":"Marilyn Ihinger-Tallman, K. Pasley","doi":"10.1300/J002V26N01_03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J002V26N01_03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51527,"journal":{"name":"MARRIAGE AND FAMILY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"1997-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J002V26N01_03","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66462477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stepfamilies from Siblings' Perspectives","authors":"A. C. Bernstein","doi":"10.1300/J002V26N01_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J002V26N01_10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51527,"journal":{"name":"MARRIAGE AND FAMILY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"1997-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J002V26N01_10","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66462782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SUMMARY This article describes the experiences of young, American birth mothers with regard to openness in adoption process and arrangement. Generally, larger proportions of the sample have experienced moderate, or semi-open, arrangements than those involving direct contact with the adoptive family. The associations between these experiences and a series of social psychological outcomes are examined at four years post-relinquishment. The data reveal that features of open adoption, e.g., visiting/phoning the adoptive family, have strong associations with long-term, positive outcomes for birth mothers. Perhaps equally important is the finding that several moderately open features which do not require direct or ongoing contact between birth mothers and adoptive families, e.g., birth mothers having a role in choosing the adoptive couple, are also strongly associated with positive outcomes. Policy implications are discussed.
{"title":"Openness in adoption : Experiences and social psychological outcomes among birth mothers","authors":"L. Cushman, D. Kalmuss, P. Namerow","doi":"10.1300/J002V25N01_02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J002V25N01_02","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY This article describes the experiences of young, American birth mothers with regard to openness in adoption process and arrangement. Generally, larger proportions of the sample have experienced moderate, or semi-open, arrangements than those involving direct contact with the adoptive family. The associations between these experiences and a series of social psychological outcomes are examined at four years post-relinquishment. The data reveal that features of open adoption, e.g., visiting/phoning the adoptive family, have strong associations with long-term, positive outcomes for birth mothers. Perhaps equally important is the finding that several moderately open features which do not require direct or ongoing contact between birth mothers and adoptive families, e.g., birth mothers having a role in choosing the adoptive couple, are also strongly associated with positive outcomes. Policy implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":51527,"journal":{"name":"MARRIAGE AND FAMILY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"1997-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J002V25N01_02","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66462494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SUMMARY This paper reports the results of a meta-analytic review of comparative studies of racial identity and self-esteem in transra-cially/transethnically-adopted, inracially-adopted/same ethnic group, and biologic African-American and Mexican-American children. Six studies, including one longitudinal study with four phases, met the established criteria. Study level effect sizes were calculated. Twenty-nine dependent measure effect sizes were also calculated. There was an overall effect, in the negative direction, of transracial adoption on a combined variable of racial/ethnic identity and self-esteem (d = −0.3775, p = .001). The effect size increased when racial identity was considered separately (d = −0.5220, p < .01). Effect size associated with self-esteem was not statistically significant, although a positive direction was noted. Tests failed to achieve homogeneity among included studies. Age of study participant was a moderating variable. Several other potential moderators were also identified. Re...
本文报告了跨社会/跨种族收养、非种族收养/同种族群体以及亲生的非裔美国人和墨西哥裔美国儿童的种族认同和自尊的meta分析比较研究的结果。六项研究，包括一项纵向研究，分为四个阶段，符合既定标准。计算研究水平效应量。还计算了29个相关测量效应量。跨种族收养对种族/民族认同和自尊的综合变量有总体负面影响(d = - 0.3775, p = .001)。当单独考虑种族认同时，效应量增加(d = - 0.5220, p < 0.01)。与自尊相关的效应大小在统计上不显著，尽管注意到一个积极的方向。试验未能在纳入的研究中实现同质性。研究参与者的年龄是一个调节变量。还确定了其他几个潜在的版主。Re……
{"title":"Effect of transracial/transethnic adoption on children's racial and ethnic identity and self-esteem : A meta-analytic review","authors":"L. Hollingsworth","doi":"10.1300/J002V25N01_07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J002V25N01_07","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY This paper reports the results of a meta-analytic review of comparative studies of racial identity and self-esteem in transra-cially/transethnically-adopted, inracially-adopted/same ethnic group, and biologic African-American and Mexican-American children. Six studies, including one longitudinal study with four phases, met the established criteria. Study level effect sizes were calculated. Twenty-nine dependent measure effect sizes were also calculated. There was an overall effect, in the negative direction, of transracial adoption on a combined variable of racial/ethnic identity and self-esteem (d = −0.3775, p = .001). The effect size increased when racial identity was considered separately (d = −0.5220, p < .01). Effect size associated with self-esteem was not statistically significant, although a positive direction was noted. Tests failed to achieve homogeneity among included studies. Age of study participant was a moderating variable. Several other potential moderators were also identified. Re...","PeriodicalId":51527,"journal":{"name":"MARRIAGE AND FAMILY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"1997-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J002V25N01_07","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66462131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L'A. etudie les relations entre les enfants adoptes et leurs parents biologiques. Il souligne que la rencontre entre enfant adopte et parents biologiques constitue en quelque sorte une reunion. Il analyse cette notion de reunion et montre de quelle maniere la relation etablie entre enfant adopte et parent biologique tend a prendre un caractere routinier. Il s'interroge quant a la signification de ce type de relation sur le plan de la parente
{"title":"“Where Do We Go Next?”: Long-Term Reunion Relationships Between Adoptees and Birth Parents","authors":"J. Modell","doi":"10.1300/J002V25N01_04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J002V25N01_04","url":null,"abstract":"L'A. etudie les relations entre les enfants adoptes et leurs parents biologiques. Il souligne que la rencontre entre enfant adopte et parents biologiques constitue en quelque sorte une reunion. Il analyse cette notion de reunion et montre de quelle maniere la relation etablie entre enfant adopte et parent biologique tend a prendre un caractere routinier. Il s'interroge quant a la signification de ce type de relation sur le plan de la parente","PeriodicalId":51527,"journal":{"name":"MARRIAGE AND FAMILY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"1997-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J002V25N01_04","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66462509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SUMMARY This paper is a preliminary investigation into the experiences of adoptive mothers of Romanian children. As a case study of international adoption, this research focuses on the following questions: What were the important choices over which families wanted control? What risks were they willing to take to complete an adoption? How did the specific circumstances in Romania and the respondents' own efforts influence their ability to maximize choices and minimize risks? This paper is primarily descriptive, linking economic, demographic, and political factors to the very private experience of people creating families through international adoption. The respondents adopted children from Romania in 1990 and 1991. Eight married mothers were interviewed in depth. They were selected through their participation in a “mother's group,” an informal association established initially by the adoption agency through which most adopted their children. In the “group” they socialize and discuss issues relevant to adop...
{"title":"Adopting Romanian children : Making choices, taking risks","authors":"Roberta J. Goldberg","doi":"10.1300/J002V25N01_06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J002V25N01_06","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY This paper is a preliminary investigation into the experiences of adoptive mothers of Romanian children. As a case study of international adoption, this research focuses on the following questions: What were the important choices over which families wanted control? What risks were they willing to take to complete an adoption? How did the specific circumstances in Romania and the respondents' own efforts influence their ability to maximize choices and minimize risks? This paper is primarily descriptive, linking economic, demographic, and political factors to the very private experience of people creating families through international adoption. The respondents adopted children from Romania in 1990 and 1991. Eight married mothers were interviewed in depth. They were selected through their participation in a “mother's group,” an informal association established initially by the adoption agency through which most adopted their children. In the “group” they socialize and discuss issues relevant to adop...","PeriodicalId":51527,"journal":{"name":"MARRIAGE AND FAMILY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"1997-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J002V25N01_06","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66462544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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