The paper presents theoretical research on the diffusion of artificial intelligence (AI) in FMCG. As a result, the four main areas of AI innovation were discovered: customer experience, logistics, manufacturing, and business model. The relationship of AI with the proven technology for customer relationship management – CRM – is also revealed. Current benefits and opportunities for future optimizing business processes through digital transformation are indicated. Emphasis is placed on machine learning. Examples of using artificial intelligence among leading companies in the FMCG sector are given, as well as an example of service transformation in a supermarket in Germany during Covid-19, etc.
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in FMCG Retail Sector","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/rp.2023.1.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/rp.2023.1.09","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents theoretical research on the diffusion of artificial intelligence (AI) in FMCG. As a result, the four main areas of AI innovation were discovered: customer experience, logistics, manufacturing, and business model. The relationship of AI with the proven technology for customer relationship management – CRM – is also revealed. Current benefits and opportunities for future optimizing business processes through digital transformation are indicated. Emphasis is placed on machine learning. Examples of using artificial intelligence among leading companies in the FMCG sector are given, as well as an example of service transformation in a supermarket in Germany during Covid-19, etc.","PeriodicalId":51540,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Education","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84673938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Events in tourism are often seen as image builders related to destination profile, market positioning and providing a competitive marketing advantage. In addition to their spending on the event, external visitors are likely to spend money on travel, accommodation, goods and services in the host city or region, which is a major benefit of event organizing and a sought-after effect of tourism entrepreneurs. All these positive effects require choosing the right approach in the management of tourist events. The publication aims to develop the conceptual framework of event management in tourism. In this regard, the peculiarities of the event management and manager's activity are explained and guidelines for strategic development are proposed.
{"title":"Conceptual Framework of Event Management in Tourism","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/rp.2023.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/rp.2023.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"Events in tourism are often seen as image builders related to destination profile, market positioning and providing a competitive marketing advantage. In addition to their spending on the event, external visitors are likely to spend money on travel, accommodation, goods and services in the host city or region, which is a major benefit of event organizing and a sought-after effect of tourism entrepreneurs. All these positive effects require choosing the right approach in the management of tourist events. The publication aims to develop the conceptual framework of event management in tourism. In this regard, the peculiarities of the event management and manager's activity are explained and guidelines for strategic development are proposed.","PeriodicalId":51540,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Education","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83494038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Consumer lending is the main channel of interaction between the financial system and retail trade. The rapid development in recent years of the fintech industry on the one hand and of e-commerce on the other given birth to new forms of consumer lending that better meet the needs of modern digital consumers and bring additional benefits to merchants. The focus in the article is on consumer lending at the point-of-sale (POS), which is targeted and implies direct interaction between the lender and the merchant. Along with the analysis of the data on the development of the Bulgarian market of traditional forms of commodity lending (consumer loans for the purchase of goods on repayment), the article examines the comparative advantages and disadvantages of the business model, which is the basis of the relatively new and rapidly entering personal credit product known as „Buy Now Pay Later“.
{"title":"Modern Forms of Consumer Lending in Retail Trade","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/rp.2023.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/rp.2023.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"Consumer lending is the main channel of interaction between the financial system and retail trade. The rapid development in recent years of the fintech industry on the one hand and of e-commerce on the other given birth to new forms of consumer lending that better meet the needs of modern digital consumers and bring additional benefits to merchants. The focus in the article is on consumer lending at the point-of-sale (POS), which is targeted and implies direct interaction between the lender and the merchant. Along with the analysis of the data on the development of the Bulgarian market of traditional forms of commodity lending (consumer loans for the purchase of goods on repayment), the article examines the comparative advantages and disadvantages of the business model, which is the basis of the relatively new and rapidly entering personal credit product known as „Buy Now Pay Later“.","PeriodicalId":51540,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Education","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81353439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper intends to explore and describe some of the main monetary policy indicators in the Albanian economy and Northern Macedonia. The countries under study have some general similarities as follows: both are countries with a transition economy operating in the open market economy for no more than 30 years; both countries have been part of communist regimes for a very long time; both of these countries are a potential candidate to be part of the European Union. The target exchange rate strategy is the monetary policy pursued by the Central Bank of Northern Macedonia in fixing the local currency exchange rate within the Euro to maintain a certain level or within a specific interval the exchange rate of that country. According to the economist, one of the most important reasons a country has financial stability is the efficiency of monetary policy instruments in the short and long run. In the international economic sphere, both countries under analysis are exposed to the risks of appreciation or devaluation of the exchange rate, trade barriers, and any other risk related to financial crises that may affect the region's countries.
{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of Selected Monetary Policy Indicators in Northern Macedonia and Albania in the Last Decade","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/rp.2023.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/rp.2023.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"This paper intends to explore and describe some of the main monetary policy indicators in the Albanian economy and Northern Macedonia. The countries under study have some general similarities as follows: both are countries with a transition economy operating in the open market economy for no more than 30 years; both countries have been part of communist regimes for a very long time; both of these countries are a potential candidate to be part of the European Union. The target exchange rate strategy is the monetary policy pursued by the Central Bank of Northern Macedonia in fixing the local currency exchange rate within the Euro to maintain a certain level or within a specific interval the exchange rate of that country. According to the economist, one of the most important reasons a country has financial stability is the efficiency of monetary policy instruments in the short and long run. In the international economic sphere, both countries under analysis are exposed to the risks of appreciation or devaluation of the exchange rate, trade barriers, and any other risk related to financial crises that may affect the region's countries.","PeriodicalId":51540,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Education","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89145209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Construction and demolition industry is accountable for a large percentage of all the waste streams generated in Europe. Becoming a subject of international discussions and raising public awareness has led to increasing efforts to identify methods to achieve ‘green’ goals. This paper makes an overview of best practices and digital tools for the construction and demolition waste management in European counties which have proven themselves as leaders in the subject. The main challenges in front of Bulgaria to achieve a similar state are pointed out, together with the initial steps to be taken towards developing more optimized waste management processes.
{"title":"A Review of Construction and Demolition Waste Management Digital Tools","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/rp.2023.1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/rp.2023.1.17","url":null,"abstract":"Construction and demolition industry is accountable for a large percentage of all the waste streams generated in Europe. Becoming a subject of international discussions and raising public awareness has led to increasing efforts to identify methods to achieve ‘green’ goals. This paper makes an overview of best practices and digital tools for the construction and demolition waste management in European counties which have proven themselves as leaders in the subject. The main challenges in front of Bulgaria to achieve a similar state are pointed out, together with the initial steps to be taken towards developing more optimized waste management processes.","PeriodicalId":51540,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Education","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83186573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The report focuses on the current situation, influenced by a global health crisis that has completely reconstructed national social systems and economic policies, and Russia's subsequent military invasion of Ukraine. These two factors are generating in their wake disastrous consequences and many state models are proving unprepared for them. However, international trade has managed to recover extremely quickly from the effects of the crises and to generate growth as early as 2021 on several its indicators. A viewpoint is formed summarizing the importance of each actor in the global economic system, especially the largest economies, but also the role of implementing international cooperation in the field to achieve real results and provide assistance, especially to countries in need.
{"title":"International Trade Development After the Post-Covid Age","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/rp.2023.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/rp.2023.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"The report focuses on the current situation, influenced by a global health crisis that has completely reconstructed national social systems and economic policies, and Russia's subsequent military invasion of Ukraine. These two factors are generating in their wake disastrous consequences and many state models are proving unprepared for them. However, international trade has managed to recover extremely quickly from the effects of the crises and to generate growth as early as 2021 on several its indicators. \u0000A viewpoint is formed summarizing the importance of each actor in the global economic system, especially the largest economies, but also the role of implementing international cooperation in the field to achieve real results and provide assistance, especially to countries in need.","PeriodicalId":51540,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Education","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90455659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corporate social responsibility is perceived as part of the strategic direction of commercial companies to achieve sustainable development and increase competitiveness. The report examines various formulations in order to clarify the nature of corporate social responsibility and the role of commercial companies in implementing it in the supply chain. A fragmentary analysis of some of the activities undertaken by the retail chains operating on the Bulgarian market was made through the prism of a strategic matrix for research corporate social responsibility. As a result, a classification of the corporate social responsibility strategies used by the researched commercial companies was derived.
{"title":"Strategic Aspects of Corporate Social Responsibility of Retail Business","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/rp.2023.1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/rp.2023.1.08","url":null,"abstract":"Corporate social responsibility is perceived as part of the strategic direction of commercial companies to achieve sustainable development and increase competitiveness. The report examines various formulations in order to clarify the nature of corporate social responsibility and the role of commercial companies in implementing it in the supply chain. A fragmentary analysis of some of the activities undertaken by the retail chains operating on the Bulgarian market was made through the prism of a strategic matrix for research corporate social responsibility. As a result, a classification of the corporate social responsibility strategies used by the researched commercial companies was derived.","PeriodicalId":51540,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Education","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89074855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a result of many changes in the economy and society, the marketing that is implemented in the retail trade is changing. The inseparable relationship between it and retail is of particular importance for the overall existence and development of any company, regardless of its size. Although neglected offline marketing is important, even if the percentage ratio compared to online marketing is falling, this type of marketing has its place and importance in physical stores. It is a competitive advantage for managers to keep track of the specific dynamic changes in offline retail marketing, which is the subject of this report.
{"title":"Specificity of Dynamic Changes in Offline Retail Marketing","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/rp.2023.1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/rp.2023.1.07","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of many changes in the economy and society, the marketing that is implemented in the retail trade is changing. The inseparable relationship between it and retail is of particular importance for the overall existence and development of any company, regardless of its size. Although neglected offline marketing is important, even if the percentage ratio compared to online marketing is falling, this type of marketing has its place and importance in physical stores. It is a competitive advantage for managers to keep track of the specific dynamic changes in offline retail marketing, which is the subject of this report.","PeriodicalId":51540,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Education","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85926361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the current research paper is to examine the present and future of the enlargement policy of the European Union in the context of the complex realities of the war in Ukraine and the new EU initiatives and conceptual ideas related to the Enlargement Strategy from 2018, the new negotiation methodology from 2020, the concepts of gradual accession to the Union with a transitional consolidation clause, the European Political Community and a new European Convention. For the purpose of the study, different methods of analysis have been used. Some of them include: an innovative 'portfolio thinking' approach, revealing the extent of the EU's innovative spirit in creating new trajectories of engagement with the Western Balkans and Eastern Partnership countries, and emphasising the importance of de-risking so that the above presented initiatives are recognised as an opportunity rather than an obstacle to the European perspective; experimental use of artificial intelligence by the OpenAI research laboratory in developing potential scenarios for the future of enlargement policy in the short, medium and long term. The study has its added value in view of the upcoming European elections in 2024, the growing geopolitical aspirations of Russia and China in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe, the need to prepare both the EU and candidate countries for future enlargements and for the challenges of tomorrow.
{"title":"The Enlargement Policy of the European Union – Its Present and Future in the Context of the War in Ukraine 2022","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/rp.2023.1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/rp.2023.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the current research paper is to examine the present and future of the enlargement policy of the European Union in the context of the complex realities of the war in Ukraine and the new EU initiatives and conceptual ideas related to the Enlargement Strategy from 2018, the new negotiation methodology from 2020, the concepts of gradual accession to the Union with a transitional consolidation clause, the European Political Community and a new European Convention. \u0000For the purpose of the study, different methods of analysis have been used. Some of them include: an innovative 'portfolio thinking' approach, revealing the extent of the EU's innovative spirit in creating new trajectories of engagement with the Western Balkans and Eastern Partnership countries, and emphasising the importance of de-risking so that the above presented initiatives are recognised as an opportunity rather than an obstacle to the European perspective; experimental use of artificial intelligence by the OpenAI research laboratory in developing potential scenarios for the future of enlargement policy in the short, medium and long term. \u0000The study has its added value in view of the upcoming European elections in 2024, the growing geopolitical aspirations of Russia and China in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe, the need to prepare both the EU and candidate countries for future enlargements and for the challenges of tomorrow.","PeriodicalId":51540,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Education","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87587809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the conditions of changes in the economic situation, which led to inflation, trade companies are put to the test of transforming their pricing strategy and at the same time remaining competitive on the goods market. Rising resource prices lead to significant increases in inflation rates internationally. Those who offer goods to their consumers must take a position for a longer-term and sustainable change in their pricing strategy, so that they generate a profit with which they manage to cover the costs of producing or selling their products. In addition to changes in profit management, it will be necessary to include marketing methods to promote products and inform customers about their qualities. Increasing the market share of the companies will not be the only goal if they desire the long-term of their business, but they will have to create strategies to increase their revenue without it being dependent on the volume of sales.
{"title":"Changes in the Price Policy of the Trading Company as a Result of the Global Economic Crisis After Covid-19 and the War in Ukraine","authors":"","doi":"10.37075/rp.2023.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37075/rp.2023.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"In the conditions of changes in the economic situation, which led to inflation, trade companies are put to the test of transforming their pricing strategy and at the same time remaining competitive on the goods market. Rising resource prices lead to significant increases in inflation rates internationally. Those who offer goods to their consumers must take a position for a longer-term and sustainable change in their pricing strategy, so that they generate a profit with which they manage to cover the costs of producing or selling their products. In addition to changes in profit management, it will be necessary to include marketing methods to promote products and inform customers about their qualities. Increasing the market share of the companies will not be the only goal if they desire the long-term of their business, but they will have to create strategies to increase their revenue without it being dependent on the volume of sales.","PeriodicalId":51540,"journal":{"name":"Research Papers in Education","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81818624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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