Abstract:This essay theorizes the role of referral photography, photographs sent to prospective adoptive parents upon assignment of a child, in the formation and racialization of kinship within transnational adoption from Asia. Because the practice is used across domestic and transnational adoption, adoption from Asia offers a case study for which to understand how systems like photography can function as, what I call, a technology of family that has the potential not only to record or represent kinship but also to actively participate in its construction in new and racializing ways. Using archival accounts of adoption from China alongside Korean adoptee Deann Borshay Liem's film In the Matter of Cha Jung Hee, this essay analyzes referral photographs as narrative objects that perform a particular role in the kinship formation process, one that facilitates the affective inclusion of the child into the family while racializing the child within a system of interchangeability. I also show how these photographs can be used beyond their initial function to discover new forms of "adoptive" kinship.
{"title":"A Technology of Family: Photography and Kinship Formation in Transnational Adoption from Asia","authors":"L. Johnson","doi":"10.1353/aq.2022.0063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2022.0063","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay theorizes the role of referral photography, photographs sent to prospective adoptive parents upon assignment of a child, in the formation and racialization of kinship within transnational adoption from Asia. Because the practice is used across domestic and transnational adoption, adoption from Asia offers a case study for which to understand how systems like photography can function as, what I call, a technology of family that has the potential not only to record or represent kinship but also to actively participate in its construction in new and racializing ways. Using archival accounts of adoption from China alongside Korean adoptee Deann Borshay Liem's film In the Matter of Cha Jung Hee, this essay analyzes referral photographs as narrative objects that perform a particular role in the kinship formation process, one that facilitates the affective inclusion of the child into the family while racializing the child within a system of interchangeability. I also show how these photographs can be used beyond their initial function to discover new forms of \"adoptive\" kinship.","PeriodicalId":51543,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN QUARTERLY","volume":"74 1","pages":"921 - 943"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47776972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Power of Truth: Why Some Fear Histories of the US-Mexico Border","authors":"Monica Martinez","doi":"10.1353/aq.2022.0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2022.0052","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51543,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN QUARTERLY","volume":"74 1","pages":"765 - 772"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41664396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Developing a fuller understanding of US imperialism requires engagement with settler colonial and Indigenous studies. I expand Amy Kaplan's analysis of US empire as "riddled with instability, ambiguity and disorder" to consider how settler colonialism is fortified via walls. Walls stake settler claims and scale from individual property (home) to national borders (homeland). Examining Donald Trump's US-Mexico border wall and a sea wall in front of beachfront property Barack Obama has purchased in Hawai'i reveals the inherent instability and impermanence of settler colonialism, and thus this particular form of imperialism. That instability manifests in three ways: (1) settler colonial anxious, repetitive insistence on its dominion, its claims, especially via the law and physical intervention; (2) the multiple ways human and other-than-human actors resist the walls, refuse capture/containment, call out the fiction/myth of the border and sea wall's power to divide; and (3) the way "once and future ghosts" haunt settler claims, unsettle territorial and temporal assertions of possession/domination/belonging. Based on this finding and analysis drawn from Indigenous and settler colonial studies, I argue that settler colonialism, and thus US imperialism, ultimately fails because of its inherent unsustainability and the myriad of ways it is resisted. What succeeds instead is Indigenous resilience and radical resurgence.
{"title":"Imperial Dis-ease: Trump's Border Wall, Obama's Sea Wall, and Settler Colonial Failure","authors":"Judy Rohrer","doi":"10.1353/aq.2022.0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2022.0051","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Developing a fuller understanding of US imperialism requires engagement with settler colonial and Indigenous studies. I expand Amy Kaplan's analysis of US empire as \"riddled with instability, ambiguity and disorder\" to consider how settler colonialism is fortified via walls. Walls stake settler claims and scale from individual property (home) to national borders (homeland). Examining Donald Trump's US-Mexico border wall and a sea wall in front of beachfront property Barack Obama has purchased in Hawai'i reveals the inherent instability and impermanence of settler colonialism, and thus this particular form of imperialism. That instability manifests in three ways: (1) settler colonial anxious, repetitive insistence on its dominion, its claims, especially via the law and physical intervention; (2) the multiple ways human and other-than-human actors resist the walls, refuse capture/containment, call out the fiction/myth of the border and sea wall's power to divide; and (3) the way \"once and future ghosts\" haunt settler claims, unsettle territorial and temporal assertions of possession/domination/belonging. Based on this finding and analysis drawn from Indigenous and settler colonial studies, I argue that settler colonialism, and thus US imperialism, ultimately fails because of its inherent unsustainability and the myriad of ways it is resisted. What succeeds instead is Indigenous resilience and radical resurgence.","PeriodicalId":51543,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN QUARTERLY","volume":"74 1","pages":"737 - 763"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44987717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Representing Muslims, One Crisis at a Time","authors":"Evelyn Alsultany","doi":"10.1353/aq.2022.0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2022.0034","url":null,"abstract":"the logic of and","PeriodicalId":51543,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN QUARTERLY","volume":"74 1","pages":"544 - 551"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66308529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This essay takes the juxtaposition of South Vietnamese and Confederate flags at the January 6, 2021 Capitol Riot as a point of departure for thinking through southern metaphors and southern memories connecting South Vietnam and the US South. It analyzes cultural productions by 1.5 generation South Vietnamese refugees—Andrew Lam's short story "Show and Tell" and An-My Lê's photographic series Silent General—to trace the ways in which South Vietnam has been represented through the iconography and vernacular of the US South. What links South Vietnam and the US South is a distinct articulation of southern memory and memorialization, forged in the wake of southern civil war defeat. Southern memory, however, is always already contested, manifesting in the US context either as Lost Cause mythology or as Black abolitionist remembrance. Southern memory and southern metaphor thus open up space for contingencies and interventions, to route South Vietnamese diasporic politics through Black freedom struggles instead of Confederate nostalgia. Overall, this essay interrogates what critiques of empire and white supremacy are enabled by juxtaposing South Vietnam and the US South: two seemingly conservative southern spaces that do not easily cohere to the anti-imperialist, Third World Liberationist politics typically associated with the "Global South."
摘要:本文以2021年1月6日国会暴动中南越和邦联旗帜的并列为出发点，思考连接南越和美国南方的南方隐喻和南方记忆。它分析了1.5代南越难民的文化作品——安德鲁·林(andrew Lam)的短篇小说《展示与讲述》(Show and Tell)和安米Lê的摄影系列《沉默的将军》(Silent general)——以追踪南越通过美国南方的图像学和方言表现出来的方式。连接南越和美国南部的是一种独特的南方记忆和纪念，这是在南方内战失败后形成的。然而，南方的记忆总是有争议的，在美国的背景下，要么表现为失败的神话，要么表现为黑人废奴主义者的记忆。因此，南方记忆和南方隐喻为偶发事件和干预开辟了空间，通过黑人自由斗争而不是邦联怀旧来引导南越流散政治。总的来说，这篇文章通过将南越和美国南方并列来探讨对帝国和白人至上主义的批评是什么:这两个看似保守的南方空间不容易与反帝国主义、第三世界解放主义政治联系在一起，这些政治通常与“全球南方”有关。
{"title":"Southern Memory, Southern Metaphor: Representing South Vietnam through the US South","authors":"Evyn Lê Espiritu Gandhi","doi":"10.1353/aq.2022.0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2022.0039","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay takes the juxtaposition of South Vietnamese and Confederate flags at the January 6, 2021 Capitol Riot as a point of departure for thinking through southern metaphors and southern memories connecting South Vietnam and the US South. It analyzes cultural productions by 1.5 generation South Vietnamese refugees—Andrew Lam's short story \"Show and Tell\" and An-My Lê's photographic series Silent General—to trace the ways in which South Vietnam has been represented through the iconography and vernacular of the US South. What links South Vietnam and the US South is a distinct articulation of southern memory and memorialization, forged in the wake of southern civil war defeat. Southern memory, however, is always already contested, manifesting in the US context either as Lost Cause mythology or as Black abolitionist remembrance. Southern memory and southern metaphor thus open up space for contingencies and interventions, to route South Vietnamese diasporic politics through Black freedom struggles instead of Confederate nostalgia. Overall, this essay interrogates what critiques of empire and white supremacy are enabled by juxtaposing South Vietnam and the US South: two seemingly conservative southern spaces that do not easily cohere to the anti-imperialist, Third World Liberationist politics typically associated with the \"Global South.\"","PeriodicalId":51543,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN QUARTERLY","volume":"74 1","pages":"591 - 614"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41417222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This essay proposes that recent texts of hemispheric horror, like those sentimental fictions on which Amy Kaplan turned her fierce analytic gaze, offer the field of American studies objects to think with as it grapples with the difficulties of conceptualizing US settler colonial capitalist empire in the present, particularly as neoliberal capitalist empire takes on neofeudal aspects. As the field searches for analytic frames that might allow scholars to best apprehend the complex entanglements of ongoing forms of colonial and settler colonial practices and relations with shifting structures of state and racial capitalist power, this essay looks to recent horror fiction and film—Bacurau (2020), Mexican Gothic (2020), and La Llorona (2019)—to examine how contemporary writers and filmmakers have been animating gothic genre conventions in order to make sense of ongoing yet evolving settler colonial capitalism and imperial formations in the Americas, as well as to imagine popular resistance. The resistance envisioned by these texts participates in theorizations of the international women's strike, as feminized bodies collectively haunt, flood, burn, and otherwise destroy a new class of extractive barons, genocidal generals, and US adventurers.
{"title":"Hemispheric Horror, Neofeudal Empire, and the International Women's Strike","authors":"Patricia Stuelke","doi":"10.1353/aq.2022.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2022.0044","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay proposes that recent texts of hemispheric horror, like those sentimental fictions on which Amy Kaplan turned her fierce analytic gaze, offer the field of American studies objects to think with as it grapples with the difficulties of conceptualizing US settler colonial capitalist empire in the present, particularly as neoliberal capitalist empire takes on neofeudal aspects. As the field searches for analytic frames that might allow scholars to best apprehend the complex entanglements of ongoing forms of colonial and settler colonial practices and relations with shifting structures of state and racial capitalist power, this essay looks to recent horror fiction and film—Bacurau (2020), Mexican Gothic (2020), and La Llorona (2019)—to examine how contemporary writers and filmmakers have been animating gothic genre conventions in order to make sense of ongoing yet evolving settler colonial capitalism and imperial formations in the Americas, as well as to imagine popular resistance. The resistance envisioned by these texts participates in theorizations of the international women's strike, as feminized bodies collectively haunt, flood, burn, and otherwise destroy a new class of extractive barons, genocidal generals, and US adventurers.","PeriodicalId":51543,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN QUARTERLY","volume":"74 1","pages":"641 - 663"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45145404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
he US War on Terror reached its twentieth anniversary while I was teaching an Introduction to African American Studies course, a coincidence that inspired a historical comparison of racial terror, minority rule, and state violence across time. More specifically, on September 11, 2021, my students and I discussed W. E. B. Du Bois’s essay “The Propaganda of History,” from his 1935 masterpiece, Black Reconstruction in America . Du Bois discusses how Reconstruction—the unprecedented opportunity for the United States to realize a vision of abolition democracy following enslavement and Civil War—was viewed as a failure by many US historians. A consensus developed—propaganda—within the historical profession that Reconstruction failed because it was imposed against the will of the former Confederate states by carpetbaggers, scalawags, and radical abolitionists and because the freedmen, when they achieved political power, were incompetent and corrupt. This consensus understood Jim Crow segregation, supported in law and by white vigilante groups like the Ku Klux Klan, as restoring order to the nation while enabling continued white supremacist power as a governing rubric. As my students and I considered how the Reconstruction amendments to the US Constitution helped realize and guarantee abolition democracy, and how Jim Crow limited those possibilities, we noted that the forces of white supremacy, including the Ku Klux Klan and so-called Red Shirts, constituted a sort of insurgency and that terrorism had undermined Reconstruction’s promise. 1
美国反恐战争二十周年之际，我正在教授一门非裔美国人研究导论课程，这一巧合激发了对种族恐怖、少数民族统治和国家暴力的历史比较。更具体地说，2021年9月11日，我和学生们讨论了w·e·b·杜波依斯(W. E. B. Du Bois)的文章《历史的宣传》(The Propaganda of History)，这篇文章出自他1935年的代表作《美国黑人重建》(Black Reconstruction in America)。杜波依斯讨论了重建是如何被许多美国历史学家视为失败的，重建是美国在奴隶制和内战之后实现废除民主愿景的前所未有的机会。历史学界形成了一种共识——宣传——认为重建之所以失败，是因为它是由冒险家、无赖和激进的废奴主义者违背了前邦联各州的意愿强加的，而且当自由民获得政治权力时，他们是无能和腐败的。这种共识认为，在法律和3k党(Ku Klux Klan)等白人治安维持团体的支持下，吉姆·克劳(Jim Crow)种族隔离制度在恢复国家秩序的同时，让白人至上主义者的权力得以继续作为统治准则。当我和我的学生思考美国宪法的重建修正案如何帮助实现和保证废除民主，以及吉姆·克劳如何限制这些可能性时，我们注意到白人至上的力量，包括三k党和所谓的红衫军，构成了一种叛乱，恐怖主义破坏了重建的承诺。1
{"title":"From Home Rule to Homeland: Counterterrorism as a Way of Life","authors":"Alex Lubin","doi":"10.1353/aq.2022.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2022.0036","url":null,"abstract":"he US War on Terror reached its twentieth anniversary while I was teaching an Introduction to African American Studies course, a coincidence that inspired a historical comparison of racial terror, minority rule, and state violence across time. More specifically, on September 11, 2021, my students and I discussed W. E. B. Du Bois’s essay “The Propaganda of History,” from his 1935 masterpiece, Black Reconstruction in America . Du Bois discusses how Reconstruction—the unprecedented opportunity for the United States to realize a vision of abolition democracy following enslavement and Civil War—was viewed as a failure by many US historians. A consensus developed—propaganda—within the historical profession that Reconstruction failed because it was imposed against the will of the former Confederate states by carpetbaggers, scalawags, and radical abolitionists and because the freedmen, when they achieved political power, were incompetent and corrupt. This consensus understood Jim Crow segregation, supported in law and by white vigilante groups like the Ku Klux Klan, as restoring order to the nation while enabling continued white supremacist power as a governing rubric. As my students and I considered how the Reconstruction amendments to the US Constitution helped realize and guarantee abolition democracy, and how Jim Crow limited those possibilities, we noted that the forces of white supremacy, including the Ku Klux Klan and so-called Red Shirts, constituted a sort of insurgency and that terrorism had undermined Reconstruction’s promise. 1","PeriodicalId":51543,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN QUARTERLY","volume":"74 1","pages":"556 - 562"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47845572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the past two years, as the whole world has been deeply mired in the COVID-19 pandemic, we may have observed neoliberal capitalism's crisis of care: exposed and exacerbated by the global pandemic, made explicit alongside examples such as the collapsing of health systems, the shortage of care labor and overwork of nurses, the serious outbreaks in aged care facilities, the increased burden of domestic labor and care work due to school closures, and the worldwide rise of domestic abuse. In this short essay, I situate neoliberalism's care problems as a displaced process of imperial racialization in long-standing feminist debates over the "labor of love", returned to us by COVID in the form of crisis. I argue that the impacts on domestic care during the pandemic are intimately connected with colonial divisions of labor when outsourced surrogate intimacies are vicariously performed by racialized third world labor. [Extracted from the article] Copyright of American Quarterly is the property of Johns Hopkins University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
{"title":"Love of Empire by Dissociations","authors":"Chien-ting Lin","doi":"10.1353/aq.2022.0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2022.0048","url":null,"abstract":"In the past two years, as the whole world has been deeply mired in the COVID-19 pandemic, we may have observed neoliberal capitalism's crisis of care: exposed and exacerbated by the global pandemic, made explicit alongside examples such as the collapsing of health systems, the shortage of care labor and overwork of nurses, the serious outbreaks in aged care facilities, the increased burden of domestic labor and care work due to school closures, and the worldwide rise of domestic abuse. In this short essay, I situate neoliberalism's care problems as a displaced process of imperial racialization in long-standing feminist debates over the \"labor of love\", returned to us by COVID in the form of crisis. I argue that the impacts on domestic care during the pandemic are intimately connected with colonial divisions of labor when outsourced surrogate intimacies are vicariously performed by racialized third world labor. [Extracted from the article] Copyright of American Quarterly is the property of Johns Hopkins University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)","PeriodicalId":51543,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN QUARTERLY","volume":"74 1","pages":"700 - 705"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49070128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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