Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2025.02.006
Yong Yang , Tian You , Yanling Wei , Jingting Yan , Sumeng Chen , Yuxin Yan , Xintao Zhang , Ying Shan , Lu Bai
Purpose
Infection after ankle fracture fixation is a serious complication, leading to a prolonged healing period and dysfunction in a long-term follow-up. Identifying risk factors for ankle fracture-related infection (FRI) is beneficial in preventing complications and reducing the risk of treatment. The study aims to retrospectively analyze clinical risk factors for ankle FRI.
Methods
A cross-sectional retrospective study of operatively treated ankle fractures was conducted at 2 medical centers from March 2020 to March 2023. Patients with open or pathological conditions were excluded, and 298 patients who underwent surgical treatment for ankle fractures were included. Risk factors of the patients who were diagnosed of FRI were analyzed using univariate analysis and binary logistic regression. Regression coefficients were used to calculate statistical probabilities of FRI.
Result
Of the 298 patients, 21 (7.1%) were diagnosed infection. On univariate analysis, soft tissue bloody blisters (p=0.002) and ankle dislocation (p=0.001) were associated with a significantly higher incidence of infection. On binary logistic multifactorial regression analysis, the risk factors for FRI were ankle dislocation (p<0.001, odd ratio (OR)=11.799, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.307–42.135), soft tissue bloody blisters (p=0.045, OR=8.004, 95% CI: 1.045–61.340), Langer-Hans typing pronation-abduction (p=0.033, OR=1.746, 95% CI: 1.183–27.766), and smoking (p=0.037, OR=4.948, 95% CI: 1.105–22.162).
Conclusion
The risk factors of FRI were soft tissue conditions including bloody blisters and ankle dislocation, when dealing with ankle fractures. The results of this study will inform surgeons and patients factors for the risk factors for FRI and guide surgeons in mitigate these risks preoperatively.
{"title":"Risk factors for traumatic fracture related infection in surgically treated ankle fracture: A multicenter retrospective study","authors":"Yong Yang , Tian You , Yanling Wei , Jingting Yan , Sumeng Chen , Yuxin Yan , Xintao Zhang , Ying Shan , Lu Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.cjtee.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjtee.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Infection after ankle fracture fixation is a serious complication, leading to a prolonged healing period and dysfunction in a long-term follow-up. Identifying risk factors for ankle fracture-related infection (FRI) is beneficial in preventing complications and reducing the risk of treatment. The study aims to retrospectively analyze clinical risk factors for ankle FRI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional retrospective study of operatively treated ankle fractures was conducted at 2 medical centers from March 2020 to March 2023. Patients with open or pathological conditions were excluded, and 298 patients who underwent surgical treatment for ankle fractures were included. Risk factors of the patients who were diagnosed of FRI were analyzed using univariate analysis and binary logistic regression. Regression coefficients were used to calculate statistical probabilities of FRI.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Of the 298 patients, 21 (7.1%) were diagnosed infection. On univariate analysis, soft tissue bloody blisters (<em>p</em>=0.002) and ankle dislocation (<em>p</em>=0.001) were associated with a significantly higher incidence of infection. On binary logistic multifactorial regression analysis, the risk factors for FRI were ankle dislocation (<em>p</em><0.001, odd ratio (<em>OR</em>)=11.799, 95% confidence interval (<em>CI</em>): 3.307–42.135), soft tissue bloody blisters (<em>p</em>=0.045, <em>OR</em>=8.004, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.045–61.340), Langer-Hans typing pronation-abduction (<em>p</em>=0.033, <em>OR</em>=1.746, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.183–27.766), and smoking (<em>p</em>=0.037, <em>OR</em>=4.948, 95% <em>CI</em>: 1.105–22.162).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The risk factors of FRI were soft tissue conditions including bloody blisters and ankle dislocation, when dealing with ankle fractures. The results of this study will inform surgeons and patients factors for the risk factors for FRI and guide surgeons in mitigate these risks preoperatively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51555,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Traumatology","volume":"29 1","pages":"Pages 59-64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.10.009
Yue Li , Guangming Yang , Yongbo Zhao , Bingcang Li
Sonic weapons are non-lethal weapons that some countries around the world are actively developing and equipping in their troop. Its injury to the human body is increasingly valued. Given that previous research on the injury, prevention, and treatment of sonic weapons to the human body were not systematic and comprehensive, after explaining certain acoustic concepts, these authors introduce infrasonic and intense sound weapons from aspects of weapon types and applications, injury mechanisms and characteristics, injury thresholds, biological effects, injury diagnosis, and injury prevention and treatment. Finally, ultrasonic weapons are briefly introduced, based on a small amount of public literature reports both domestically and internationally. This study aims to provide a reference for future prevention, and treatment of sonic weapons injury.
{"title":"Injury of sonic weapons to human body: A narrative review","authors":"Yue Li , Guangming Yang , Yongbo Zhao , Bingcang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sonic weapons are non-lethal weapons that some countries around the world are actively developing and equipping in their troop. Its injury to the human body is increasingly valued. Given that previous research on the injury, prevention, and treatment of sonic weapons to the human body were not systematic and comprehensive, after explaining certain acoustic concepts, these authors introduce infrasonic and intense sound weapons from aspects of weapon types and applications, injury mechanisms and characteristics, injury thresholds, biological effects, injury diagnosis, and injury prevention and treatment. Finally, ultrasonic weapons are briefly introduced, based on a small amount of public literature reports both domestically and internationally. This study aims to provide a reference for future prevention, and treatment of sonic weapons injury.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51555,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Traumatology","volume":"29 1","pages":"Pages 14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144043690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2025.01.002
Emir Bayram Malcı , Dilek Durak , Vahide Aslıhan Durak , Recep Fedakar , Nursel Türkmen İnanır , Oğuz Altunyuva , Selçuk Yılmazlar
<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>In the literature, the number of studies on cases of injury due to isolated head trauma is limited. In addition, there are very few studies and publications on skull base and vault fractures in the forensic literature. This study aims to investigate the frequency and pattern of skull base and vault fractures in individuals exposed to isolated fatal and non-fatal head trauma.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cross-sectional and descriptive study includes 1260 cases who were injured due to isolated head trauma during the 10-year period between Jan 1, 2010 and Nov 30, 2019. In cases of fatal head trauma, only cases in which isolated head injury was reported as the cause of death in the autopsy report were included. In cases of non-fatal head trauma, cases with life-threatening injuries in areas other than the head (such as chest, abdomen, and extremities), and cases without cranial CT images and reports on the Hospital Information Management System were excluded from the study. Our cases were divided into 2 groups: fatal head trauma (<em>n</em> = 783) and non-fatal head trauma (<em>n</em> = 477). All cases (<em>n</em> = 1260) were evaluated retrospectively in terms of age, gender, cause of trauma, skull base fracture, skull vault fracture, facial bone fracture, intracranial injury, and scalp injury. While examining the distribution of categorical variables, Chi-square tests were applied and the appropriate one was reported from Pearson Chi-square test, Yates Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and likelihood ratio test. The coefficients of the models, the odds ratio of the factors in the model, 95% confidence interval, Hosmer-Lemeshow statistics, and the correct classification rate were accorded. The statistical significance level in the study was accepted as <em>p</em> < 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Base fractures were observed in 87.5% of cases with fatal head trauma and in 32.3% of cases with non-fatal head trauma. Vault fracture was observed in 88.4% of cases with fatal head trauma and in 75.3% of cases with non-fatal head trauma. The middle fossa was more fractured than the anterior and posterior fossa. Anterior and middle fossa combined fracture and anterior, middle, and posterior fossa combined fracture were significantly higher in the fatal head trauma than in the non-fatal head trauma. Base fracture was strongly associated with death (odd ratio = 15.253, <em>p</em> < 0.001) and vault fracture did not have a statistically significant effect on death (odd ratio = 1.052, <em>p</em> = 0.805). While intracranial injury was found to be significantly higher in patients with base fractures (<em>p</em> < 0.001), no significant difference was found in patients with vault fractures (<em>p</em> = 0.229).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In conclusion, it was observed that skull base fractures were frequently associated with especially fatal head traumas and this fracture w
{"title":"Frequency and pattern of skull base and vault fracture in isolated head trauma","authors":"Emir Bayram Malcı , Dilek Durak , Vahide Aslıhan Durak , Recep Fedakar , Nursel Türkmen İnanır , Oğuz Altunyuva , Selçuk Yılmazlar","doi":"10.1016/j.cjtee.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjtee.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>In the literature, the number of studies on cases of injury due to isolated head trauma is limited. In addition, there are very few studies and publications on skull base and vault fractures in the forensic literature. This study aims to investigate the frequency and pattern of skull base and vault fractures in individuals exposed to isolated fatal and non-fatal head trauma.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cross-sectional and descriptive study includes 1260 cases who were injured due to isolated head trauma during the 10-year period between Jan 1, 2010 and Nov 30, 2019. In cases of fatal head trauma, only cases in which isolated head injury was reported as the cause of death in the autopsy report were included. In cases of non-fatal head trauma, cases with life-threatening injuries in areas other than the head (such as chest, abdomen, and extremities), and cases without cranial CT images and reports on the Hospital Information Management System were excluded from the study. Our cases were divided into 2 groups: fatal head trauma (<em>n</em> = 783) and non-fatal head trauma (<em>n</em> = 477). All cases (<em>n</em> = 1260) were evaluated retrospectively in terms of age, gender, cause of trauma, skull base fracture, skull vault fracture, facial bone fracture, intracranial injury, and scalp injury. While examining the distribution of categorical variables, Chi-square tests were applied and the appropriate one was reported from Pearson Chi-square test, Yates Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and likelihood ratio test. The coefficients of the models, the odds ratio of the factors in the model, 95% confidence interval, Hosmer-Lemeshow statistics, and the correct classification rate were accorded. The statistical significance level in the study was accepted as <em>p</em> < 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Base fractures were observed in 87.5% of cases with fatal head trauma and in 32.3% of cases with non-fatal head trauma. Vault fracture was observed in 88.4% of cases with fatal head trauma and in 75.3% of cases with non-fatal head trauma. The middle fossa was more fractured than the anterior and posterior fossa. Anterior and middle fossa combined fracture and anterior, middle, and posterior fossa combined fracture were significantly higher in the fatal head trauma than in the non-fatal head trauma. Base fracture was strongly associated with death (odd ratio = 15.253, <em>p</em> < 0.001) and vault fracture did not have a statistically significant effect on death (odd ratio = 1.052, <em>p</em> = 0.805). While intracranial injury was found to be significantly higher in patients with base fractures (<em>p</em> < 0.001), no significant difference was found in patients with vault fractures (<em>p</em> = 0.229).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In conclusion, it was observed that skull base fractures were frequently associated with especially fatal head traumas and this fracture w","PeriodicalId":51555,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Traumatology","volume":"29 1","pages":"Pages 65-70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143991769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.10.002
Huanyu Shi , Xiao Zhong , Yan Wang , Wei Chen , Hao Tan , Wanfei Wu , Lianyang Zhang , Yang Li
Endoscopic techniques have been widely used in orthopedic surgery, such as arthroscopy and transforaminal endoscopy, but the application in fracture is rarely reported. We reported a case of a 69-year-old male with pelvic fracture (AO/OTA type B2.1) who underwent successful laparoscopy-assisted pubic ramus plate fixation without auxiliary incision. We designed and applied a separate custom-made lengthening surgical instrument for internal fixation installation suitable for laparoscopic surgery, and the entire reduction and internal fixation installation were performed under laparoscopy. The patient could sit up 1 day after surgery, and the reported pain visual analogue scale score decreased from 5 points before surgery to 1 point. At 2 weeks after surgery, the patient could walk with a single crutch. At 4 weeks after surgery, the Majeed score was 73 points, and at 10 weeks after surgery, the Majeed score increased to 81 points. Twelve weeks after surgery, the patient was able to walk independently without pain, with normal defecation and urination function, and the Majeed score was 87. Laparoscopic surgery is a new strategy for treating pelvic ring fractures. The case proves that full laparoscopic-assisted closed reduction and internal fixation of pelvic fractures is feasible.
{"title":"Total laparoscopic closed reduction and internal fixation for AO/OTA B2.1 pelvic fracture: A case report and literature review","authors":"Huanyu Shi , Xiao Zhong , Yan Wang , Wei Chen , Hao Tan , Wanfei Wu , Lianyang Zhang , Yang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Endoscopic techniques have been widely used in orthopedic surgery, such as arthroscopy and transforaminal endoscopy, but the application in fracture is rarely reported. We reported a case of a 69-year-old male with pelvic fracture (AO/OTA type B2.1) who underwent successful laparoscopy-assisted pubic ramus plate fixation without auxiliary incision. We designed and applied a separate custom-made lengthening surgical instrument for internal fixation installation suitable for laparoscopic surgery, and the entire reduction and internal fixation installation were performed under laparoscopy. The patient could sit up 1 day after surgery, and the reported pain visual analogue scale score decreased from 5 points before surgery to 1 point. At 2 weeks after surgery, the patient could walk with a single crutch. At 4 weeks after surgery, the Majeed score was 73 points, and at 10 weeks after surgery, the Majeed score increased to 81 points. Twelve weeks after surgery, the patient was able to walk independently without pain, with normal defecation and urination function, and the Majeed score was 87. Laparoscopic surgery is a new strategy for treating pelvic ring fractures. The case proves that full laparoscopic-assisted closed reduction and internal fixation of pelvic fractures is feasible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51555,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Traumatology","volume":"29 1","pages":"Pages 71-77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/S1008-1275(26)00014-3
{"title":"Guide for Author","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1008-1275(26)00014-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1008-1275(26)00014-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51555,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Traumatology","volume":"29 1","pages":"Pages I-V"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.08.011
Wenjuan Zhang , Luncai Yin , Hui Wang , Ce Long , Jin Liu , Ping Deng , Yang Yue , Jingdian Li , Mindi He , Yonghui Lu , Yan Luo , Siyu Chen , Jiawen Tao , Li Tian , Jia Xie , Mengyan Chen , Zhengping Yu , Zhou Zhou , Peng Gao , Huifeng Pi
Purpose
Organ damage caused by electric shock has attracted great attention. Some animal investigations and clinical cases have suggested that electric shock can induce liver injury. This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of liver injury induced by electric shock.
Methods
Healthy male C57BL/6J mice aged 6−8 weeks were romandly divided into 2 groups: control group and electric shock group. Mice in the electric shock group were shocked on the top of the skull with an electric baton (20 kV) for 5 sec, while mice in the control group were exposed to only the acoustic and light stimulation produced by the electric baton. The effect of electric shock on liver function was evaluated by histological and biochemical analysis, and a metabolomics and transcriptomics study was performed to investigate how electric shock might induce liver damage. All data of this study were analyzed using a 2-tailed unpaired Student's t-test in SPSS 22.0 Statistical Package.
Results
The electric shock group had significantly higher serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels than the control group (p < 0.001), and the shock notably caused cytoplasmic swelling and vacuolization, mild inflammatory cell (mainly macrophages and monocytes) infiltration and acute focal necrosis in hepatocytes (p < 0.001). A total of 47 differential metabolites and 249 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected using metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses. These differential metabolites were significantly enriched in primary bile acid biosynthesis (p < 0.05). Gene ontology functional analysis of the DEGs revealed that electric shock disturbed a key biological process involved in the inflammatory response in the mouse liver, and a significant number of DEGs were enriched in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes-identified pathways related to inflammation, such as the interleukin-17, tumor necrosis factor and mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling pathway. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that bile acid metabolism disturbance including up-regulation of the taurochenodesoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid and taurocholic acid, and down-regulation of chenodeoxycholic acid clycine conjugate may contribute to the electric shock-induced inflammatory response.
Conclusion
Electric shock can induce liver inflammatory injury through the interleukin-17, tumor necrosis factor, and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, and the bile acid metabolism disturbance including up-regulation of the taurochenodesoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid and taurocholic acid, and down-regulation of chenodeoxycholic acid clycine conjugate may contribute to inflammatory liver injury following electric shock.
{"title":"Multiomics analysis elucidated the role of inflammatory response and bile acid metabolism disturbance in electric shock-induced liver injury in mice","authors":"Wenjuan Zhang , Luncai Yin , Hui Wang , Ce Long , Jin Liu , Ping Deng , Yang Yue , Jingdian Li , Mindi He , Yonghui Lu , Yan Luo , Siyu Chen , Jiawen Tao , Li Tian , Jia Xie , Mengyan Chen , Zhengping Yu , Zhou Zhou , Peng Gao , Huifeng Pi","doi":"10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.08.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Organ damage caused by electric shock has attracted great attention. Some animal investigations and clinical cases have suggested that electric shock can induce liver injury. This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of liver injury induced by electric shock.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Healthy male C57BL/6J mice aged 6−8 weeks were romandly divided into 2 groups: control group and electric shock group. Mice in the electric shock group were shocked on the top of the skull with an electric baton (20 kV) for 5 sec, while mice in the control group were exposed to only the acoustic and light stimulation produced by the electric baton. The effect of electric shock on liver function was evaluated by histological and biochemical analysis, and a metabolomics and transcriptomics study was performed to investigate how electric shock might induce liver damage. All data of this study were analyzed using a 2-tailed unpaired Student's <em>t</em>-test in SPSS 22.0 Statistical Package.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The electric shock group had significantly higher serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels than the control group (<em>p</em> < 0.001), and the shock notably caused cytoplasmic swelling and vacuolization, mild inflammatory cell (mainly macrophages and monocytes) infiltration and acute focal necrosis in hepatocytes (<em>p</em> < 0.001). A total of 47 differential metabolites and 249 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected using metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses. These differential metabolites were significantly enriched in primary bile acid biosynthesis (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Gene ontology functional analysis of the DEGs revealed that electric shock disturbed a key biological process involved in the inflammatory response in the mouse liver, and a significant number of DEGs were enriched in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes-identified pathways related to inflammation, such as the interleukin-17, tumor necrosis factor and mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling pathway. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that bile acid metabolism disturbance including up-regulation of the taurochenodesoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid and taurocholic acid, and down-regulation of chenodeoxycholic acid clycine conjugate may contribute to the electric shock-induced inflammatory response.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Electric shock can induce liver inflammatory injury through the interleukin-17, tumor necrosis factor, and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, and the bile acid metabolism disturbance including up-regulation of the taurochenodesoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid and taurocholic acid, and down-regulation of chenodeoxycholic acid clycine conjugate may contribute to inflammatory liver injury following electric shock.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51555,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Traumatology","volume":"29 1","pages":"Pages 47-58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.12.004
Mikhail S. Bozhokin , Svetlana A. Bozhkova , Julia V. Sopova , Elena I. Leonova , Maxim I. Shubniakov , Aleksandr A. Rubel , Mario Simental-Mendía
Purpose
Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections are widely used in regenerative medicine, including the knee osteoarthritis (OA) therapy. This study reviewed methods to enhance PRP therapy for knee OA, aiming to boost articular cartilage recovery.
Methods
The search was conducted in the eLIBRARY, PubMed (MEDLINE), Ovid, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases extracting publications available by the end of 2023. Studies were included if they simultaneously met the following criteria: (1) effect of using PRP in the recovery of hyaline cartilage damage after OA; (2) at least one way to modify the PRP protocol aimed to increase its efficiency; (3) data on the molecular mechanisms underlying the increase in efficiency of the modified PRP therapy in OA.
Results
The findings of this study highlight the significant role that the composition and modification of PRP protocols play in enhancing chondrogenesis for cartilage repair. Beyond the activation or non-activation of platelets or the inclusion or removal of leukocytes, which are factors that could somehow affect the effectiveness of PRP formulations, the elimination of growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor, which negatively influence cartilage regeneration, offers a promising approach to optimize PRP therapy. While growth factors like transforming growth factor-β3, platelet-derived growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor have been shown to promote chondrogenesis, the removal of detrimental factors that could contribute to chronic inflammation or OA progression could significantly improve treatment outcomes. Practices such as combining with hyaluronic acid, pre-injection PRP activation, and multiple administrations are clinically common, while other methods like adjusting growth factors concentration are still in development.
Conclusion
Various modifications of this technology allow to use molecular mechanisms involved in the restoration of hyaline cartilage and improve the effectiveness of PRP for the treatment of OA. However, significant challenges remain in standardizing PRP preparation and administration protocols. Variability in platelet concentration, growth factor composition, and activation methods complicate the assessment of efficacy and reproducibility.
{"title":"Perspectives for using platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: Can it be improved through modifications of the protocol?","authors":"Mikhail S. Bozhokin , Svetlana A. Bozhkova , Julia V. Sopova , Elena I. Leonova , Maxim I. Shubniakov , Aleksandr A. Rubel , Mario Simental-Mendía","doi":"10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections are widely used in regenerative medicine, including the knee osteoarthritis (OA) therapy. This study reviewed methods to enhance PRP therapy for knee OA, aiming to boost articular cartilage recovery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The search was conducted in the eLIBRARY, PubMed (MEDLINE), Ovid, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases extracting publications available by the end of 2023. Studies were included if they simultaneously met the following criteria: (1) effect of using PRP in the recovery of hyaline cartilage damage after OA; (2) at least one way to modify the PRP protocol aimed to increase its efficiency; (3) data on the molecular mechanisms underlying the increase in efficiency of the modified PRP therapy in OA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The findings of this study highlight the significant role that the composition and modification of PRP protocols play in enhancing chondrogenesis for cartilage repair. Beyond the activation or non-activation of platelets or the inclusion or removal of leukocytes, which are factors that could somehow affect the effectiveness of PRP formulations, the elimination of growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor, which negatively influence cartilage regeneration, offers a promising approach to optimize PRP therapy. While growth factors like transforming growth factor-β3, platelet-derived growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor have been shown to promote chondrogenesis, the removal of detrimental factors that could contribute to chronic inflammation or OA progression could significantly improve treatment outcomes. Practices such as combining with hyaluronic acid, pre-injection PRP activation, and multiple administrations are clinically common, while other methods like adjusting growth factors concentration are still in development.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Various modifications of this technology allow to use molecular mechanisms involved in the restoration of hyaline cartilage and improve the effectiveness of PRP for the treatment of OA. However, significant challenges remain in standardizing PRP preparation and administration protocols. Variability in platelet concentration, growth factor composition, and activation methods complicate the assessment of efficacy and reproducibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51555,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Traumatology","volume":"29 1","pages":"Pages 32-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2025.03.004
Jesse George Kwete Bulabula, Moses Asante-Bremang, Anthony A Figaji, Nqobile S Thango, Patricia Sn Kambinga, Johannes Mn Enslin
Electrical brain injuries are rare and often under-reported, with most documented cases involving secondary mechanical trauma. Isolated electrical injuries to the brain remain poorly characterised. We report a case of 2-year-old girl who sustained an isolated full-thickness electrical brain injury without associated mechanical trauma. Clinical findings, neuroimaging, and surgical management were reviewed to highlight the progression and complications observed. This report aims to describe the delayed sequelae, pathophysiology, and management challenges of a full-thickness electrical brain injury in a child, and illustrates the complex and delayed pathophysiology of electrical brain injuries, in which venous thromboembolic mechanisms may contribute to secondary deterioration. Aggressive debridement of ischemic tissue during surgical intervention may improve wound healing and overall outcomes.
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Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes of structural support fixation vs. conventional fixation for depressed tibial plateau fractures (TPFs).
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent surgical treatment for depressed TPFs at our hospital between November 2019 and September 2023. Forty-six patients with TPFs who had surgical indications were included. Based on the surgical procedures, patients were categorized into the structural support group receiving locking plate + cage fixation, and the conventional group receiving locking plate + granular bone grafting. The following parameters were evaluated and compared, including operative time, blood loss, time to full weight-bearing, fracture healing time, loss of tibial plateau height, quality of fracture reduction and alignment, hospital for special surgery knee score, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score. Intergroup differences were analyzed using independent-sample t-tests or the rank-sum test.
Results: A total of 46 eligible patients completed the follow-up (20 in the structural support group, 26 in the conventional group). No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in the mean age, sex, body mass index, injury mechanism, or time from injury to surgery (p = 0.276, 0.860, 0.615, 0.160, 0.065, respectively). The mean operative time was 120.7 min in the structural support group and 164.2 min in the conventional group, with the mean blood loss of 120.0 mL and 168.5 mL, respectively. Neither operative time nor blood loss showed significant differences (p = 0.067 and p = 0.309). The mean follow-up duration was 20.2 months (structural support group) and 20.4 months (conventional group), with no significant difference (p = 0.987). At the final follow-up, the structural support group exhibited significantly less secondary step-off compared to the conventional group (0.3 mm vs. 0.7 mm, p < 0.001). While hospital for special surgery functional scores showed no significant difference (94.1 vs. 88.1, p = 0.066), the structural support group had significantly better Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores (1.4 vs. 6.3, p = 0.001), with superior outcomes in pain, stiffness, and functional difficulty subscales (p = 0.009, 0.004, 0.003, respectively). No adverse events (e.g., infection, nonunion, or refracture) were found in both groups.
Conclusion: Compared to conventional fixation, locking plate combined with cage effectively reduces secondary step-off in depressed TPFs and significantly improves pain relief and knee function.
目的：比较结构支撑固定与常规固定治疗胫骨平台凹陷骨折的临床效果。方法：回顾性分析2019年11月至2023年9月在我院接受手术治疗的抑郁症患者。纳入46例有手术指征的tpf患者。根据手术方式将患者分为结构支持组，采用锁定钢板+骨笼固定，常规组采用锁定钢板+颗粒骨移植。评估和比较以下参数，包括手术时间、出血量、完全负重时间、骨折愈合时间、胫骨平台高度损失、骨折复位和对齐质量、特殊外科医院膝关节评分、西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数评分。组间差异分析采用独立样本t检验或秩和检验。结果：46例符合条件的患者完成随访（结构支持组20例，常规组26例）。两组患者的平均年龄、性别、体重指数、损伤机制、损伤至手术时间差异无统计学意义（p分别为0.276、0.860、0.615、0.160、0.065）。结构支持组和常规组平均手术时间分别为120.7 min和164.2 min，平均出血量分别为120.0 mL和168.5 mL。手术时间和出血量差异无统计学意义（p = 0.067和p = 0.309）。平均随访时间分别为20.2个月（结构支持组）和20.4个月（常规组），差异无统计学意义（p = 0.987）。在最后的随访中，与常规组相比，结构支持组的继发性步距明显减少（0.3 mm vs. 0.7 mm, p < 0.001）。虽然医院特殊外科功能评分无显著差异（94.1比88.1,p = 0.066），但结构支持组在西安大略大学和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数评分上明显更好（1.4比6.3,p = 0.001），在疼痛、僵硬和功能困难亚量表上的结果更优（p = 0.009、0.004、0.003分别）。两组均未发现不良事件（如感染、骨不连或再骨折）。结论：与传统固定相比，锁定钢板联合骨笼可有效减少TPFs抑郁的继发性断步，显著改善疼痛缓解和膝关节功能。
{"title":"Comparative study on the efficacy of structural support fixation vs. conventional fixation for depressed tibial plateau fractures.","authors":"Zhijiang Li, Xiaomeng Ren, Jiantao Li, Xiaoqi Kang, Ning Ma, Zhidong Zhao, Jianheng Liu, Yanpeng Zhao, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cjtee.2025.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjtee.2025.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the clinical outcomes of structural support fixation vs. conventional fixation for depressed tibial plateau fractures (TPFs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent surgical treatment for depressed TPFs at our hospital between November 2019 and September 2023. Forty-six patients with TPFs who had surgical indications were included. Based on the surgical procedures, patients were categorized into the structural support group receiving locking plate + cage fixation, and the conventional group receiving locking plate + granular bone grafting. The following parameters were evaluated and compared, including operative time, blood loss, time to full weight-bearing, fracture healing time, loss of tibial plateau height, quality of fracture reduction and alignment, hospital for special surgery knee score, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score. Intergroup differences were analyzed using independent-sample t-tests or the rank-sum test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 46 eligible patients completed the follow-up (20 in the structural support group, 26 in the conventional group). No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in the mean age, sex, body mass index, injury mechanism, or time from injury to surgery (p = 0.276, 0.860, 0.615, 0.160, 0.065, respectively). The mean operative time was 120.7 min in the structural support group and 164.2 min in the conventional group, with the mean blood loss of 120.0 mL and 168.5 mL, respectively. Neither operative time nor blood loss showed significant differences (p = 0.067 and p = 0.309). The mean follow-up duration was 20.2 months (structural support group) and 20.4 months (conventional group), with no significant difference (p = 0.987). At the final follow-up, the structural support group exhibited significantly less secondary step-off compared to the conventional group (0.3 mm vs. 0.7 mm, p < 0.001). While hospital for special surgery functional scores showed no significant difference (94.1 vs. 88.1, p = 0.066), the structural support group had significantly better Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores (1.4 vs. 6.3, p = 0.001), with superior outcomes in pain, stiffness, and functional difficulty subscales (p = 0.009, 0.004, 0.003, respectively). No adverse events (e.g., infection, nonunion, or refracture) were found in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared to conventional fixation, locking plate combined with cage effectively reduces secondary step-off in depressed TPFs and significantly improves pain relief and knee function.</p>","PeriodicalId":51555,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Traumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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