Graphic design aims to affect human thought or behavior through visual communication. To do so effectively, designers need a robust understanding of why people behave as they do and the appropriate research skills to explore the wider social and cultural landscape. All the principles involved in understanding and affecting behavior are defined in the social sciences, including analyzing their effectiveness. Acquiring this knowledge could allow graphic designers to better reflect on the ethical and social consequences of perpetuating stereotypes and provide a starting point to address the significant issues created by excluding the lived experience of diverse communities. Graphic design has never adopted an industry-wide set of ethical guidelines. To address this lack, the discipline should aim toward incorporating social science knowledge in methodology to help promote social and cultural awareness in practice. In this article, I propose that social science knowledge, particularly social psychology, could become an integral part of graphic design curriculum at the undergraduate level. I also argue that cognition and educational psychology theories contribute important knowledge and research practices to designers’ long-term problem-solving, potentially transforming the discipline's influence and producing more socially aware communication in the future.
{"title":"Graphic Design Needs to Take Responsibility: Embedding Social Awareness and Ethics Through Social Science Knowledge and Pedagogical Change","authors":"Michael O'Shea","doi":"10.1162/desi_a_00752","DOIUrl":"10.1162/desi_a_00752","url":null,"abstract":"Graphic design aims to affect human thought or behavior through visual communication. To do so effectively, designers need a robust understanding of why people behave as they do and the appropriate research skills to explore the wider social and cultural landscape. All the principles involved in understanding and affecting behavior are defined in the social sciences, including analyzing their effectiveness. Acquiring this knowledge could allow graphic designers to better reflect on the ethical and social consequences of perpetuating stereotypes and provide a starting point to address the significant issues created by excluding the lived experience of diverse communities. Graphic design has never adopted an industry-wide set of ethical guidelines. To address this lack, the discipline should aim toward incorporating social science knowledge in methodology to help promote social and cultural awareness in practice. In this article, I propose that social science knowledge, particularly social psychology, could become an integral part of graphic design curriculum at the undergraduate level. I also argue that cognition and educational psychology theories contribute important knowledge and research practices to designers’ long-term problem-solving, potentially transforming the discipline's influence and producing more socially aware communication in the future.","PeriodicalId":51560,"journal":{"name":"DESIGN ISSUES","volume":"40 2","pages":"15-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140595853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Against the theoretical background of anonymous history, this article investigates local activities of modern design in China by means of a case study, in which approaches such as observation, interview, document analysis, and subjective understanding are introduced to meet the target. The goal is to illustrate that the inconspicuous aspect of Chinese modern design, although characterized by anonymity and confronting the highlighted part, is in fact a key component of the historical process of Chinese modern design. The study leads to several conclusions. First, the local activities of modern design are evolving instead of stagnant in China. Second, the criteria used for assessing design have been diversified from different angles, in which economic factors often play a part. Third, the distinct line drawn between designers and users is doubtful, and ordinary people are not the passive recipients of the solutions offered by designers. Fourth, at a grassroots level, local factors infiltrate into the anonymous activities of modern design in many respects, which causes Chinese modern design to be extremely varied in visual form. Briefly, from a local view, the activities of modern design show the characteristics of evolution, diversity, initiative, and originality, although they appear to be obscure and humble and always attract little attention.
{"title":"Obscurity and Humility: A Local View of Chinese Modern Design","authors":"Zhiyong Wang","doi":"10.1162/desi_a_00751","DOIUrl":"10.1162/desi_a_00751","url":null,"abstract":"Against the theoretical background of anonymous history, this article investigates local activities of modern design in China by means of a case study, in which approaches such as observation, interview, document analysis, and subjective understanding are introduced to meet the target. The goal is to illustrate that the inconspicuous aspect of Chinese modern design, although characterized by anonymity and confronting the highlighted part, is in fact a key component of the historical process of Chinese modern design. The study leads to several conclusions. First, the local activities of modern design are evolving instead of stagnant in China. Second, the criteria used for assessing design have been diversified from different angles, in which economic factors often play a part. Third, the distinct line drawn between designers and users is doubtful, and ordinary people are not the passive recipients of the solutions offered by designers. Fourth, at a grassroots level, local factors infiltrate into the anonymous activities of modern design in many respects, which causes Chinese modern design to be extremely varied in visual form. Briefly, from a local view, the activities of modern design show the characteristics of evolution, diversity, initiative, and originality, although they appear to be obscure and humble and always attract little attention.","PeriodicalId":51560,"journal":{"name":"DESIGN ISSUES","volume":"40 2","pages":"3-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140784366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, I argue to expand the application of the concept “devices of articulation”—a term signifying those artifacts that are purposefully created to articulate public issues: controversial phenomena that are too important not to be considered by designers but are not necessarily solvable by political or scientific means. Whereas problems might be fixed, issues can only be temporarily stabilized. I, therefore, investigate how two design projects—Smogware and the Rain Project—forge new relations, meanings, and consequences among elements that are typically understood to be unrelated, to support public engagement with the issue of environmental pollution.
{"title":"Devices of Articulation: Who Ever Said They Have to Be Smart?","authors":"Laurens Kolks","doi":"10.1162/desi_a_00741","DOIUrl":"10.1162/desi_a_00741","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, I argue to expand the application of the concept “devices of articulation”—a term signifying those artifacts that are purposefully created to articulate public issues: controversial phenomena that are too important not to be considered by designers but are not necessarily solvable by political or scientific means. Whereas problems might be fixed, issues can only be temporarily stabilized. I, therefore, investigate how two design projects—Smogware and the Rain Project—forge new relations, meanings, and consequences among elements that are typically understood to be unrelated, to support public engagement with the issue of environmental pollution.","PeriodicalId":51560,"journal":{"name":"DESIGN ISSUES","volume":"40 1","pages":"15-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139375057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article critically examines how design is used as a tool to establish a new brand of American Islamic spaces in situated contexts using four strategic mechanisms: (1) Using place as a means of institutionalizing the inclusive vision of the community; (2) Urbanizing the location by moving away from the suburbs, making it accessible to all; (3) Co-designing the space to foster ownership; (4) reflecting a new brand of space through contextually sensitive interiors. Findings suggest that these four community-based mechanisms were used to enact a vernacular brand of Islamic spaces in the US through communicating an inclusive hidden program of space.
{"title":"Designing a New Brand of Islamic Places in the United States: The Hidden Program of Third Spaces","authors":"Hassnaa Mohammed","doi":"10.1162/desi_a_00743","DOIUrl":"10.1162/desi_a_00743","url":null,"abstract":"The article critically examines how design is used as a tool to establish a new brand of American Islamic spaces in situated contexts using four strategic mechanisms: (1) Using place as a means of institutionalizing the inclusive vision of the community; (2) Urbanizing the location by moving away from the suburbs, making it accessible to all; (3) Co-designing the space to foster ownership; (4) reflecting a new brand of space through contextually sensitive interiors. Findings suggest that these four community-based mechanisms were used to enact a vernacular brand of Islamic spaces in the US through communicating an inclusive hidden program of space.","PeriodicalId":51560,"journal":{"name":"DESIGN ISSUES","volume":"40 1","pages":"45-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139375552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article is premised on the role of design as a vehicle for social and political intervention, with specific reference to design activism. Owing to design activism's prognostic stance, the article explores how South African design interventions facilitated new sites and actors of citizenship beyond the traditional political arena. The examples of design interventions and the subsequent discussion are grounded in empirical data. As such, the South African context of the research brings “theory from the south” into conversation with current design activism discourse. Furthermore, the article makes visible the relationship between acts of design activism and activist citizenship.
{"title":"Design Activism in South Africa: Design Interventions as Invented Spaces to Encourage Activist Citizenship","authors":"Fatima Cassim","doi":"10.1162/desi_a_00740","DOIUrl":"10.1162/desi_a_00740","url":null,"abstract":"This article is premised on the role of design as a vehicle for social and political intervention, with specific reference to design activism. Owing to design activism's prognostic stance, the article explores how South African design interventions facilitated new sites and actors of citizenship beyond the traditional political arena. The examples of design interventions and the subsequent discussion are grounded in empirical data. As such, the South African context of the research brings “theory from the south” into conversation with current design activism discourse. Furthermore, the article makes visible the relationship between acts of design activism and activist citizenship.","PeriodicalId":51560,"journal":{"name":"DESIGN ISSUES","volume":"40 1","pages":"4-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139376538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article is inspired by the work of Ivan Illich, especially Tools for Conviviality, which critiques industrialization and elaborates Illich's proposal for conviviality and is a major influence on post-development theory. In the early 1970s, Illich anticipated issues that design begins to explore only at the end of the twentieth century. This article discusses what he anticipated and develops this into practical suggestions for the evolution of design. Above all, the article provides suggestions for two intertwined design fields: design for sustainability and codesign. An analysis of Illich's work allows for the identification of three methodological movements acting toward a convivial design: (1) conduct a critique of the status quo, (2) imagine alternative proposals, and (3) carefully qualify the ethos of alternatives.
{"title":"Toward a Convivial Design","authors":"Carlo Franzato","doi":"10.1162/desi_a_00742","DOIUrl":"10.1162/desi_a_00742","url":null,"abstract":"This article is inspired by the work of Ivan Illich, especially Tools for Conviviality, which critiques industrialization and elaborates Illich's proposal for conviviality and is a major influence on post-development theory. In the early 1970s, Illich anticipated issues that design begins to explore only at the end of the twentieth century. This article discusses what he anticipated and develops this into practical suggestions for the evolution of design. Above all, the article provides suggestions for two intertwined design fields: design for sustainability and codesign. An analysis of Illich's work allows for the identification of three methodological movements acting toward a convivial design: (1) conduct a critique of the status quo, (2) imagine alternative proposals, and (3) carefully qualify the ethos of alternatives.","PeriodicalId":51560,"journal":{"name":"DESIGN ISSUES","volume":"40 1","pages":"31-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139375597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the effects of prior intentions and intentions in action during the initial stage of a process of design in search of correlations between these cognitive processes and the quality of the design outcomes. We found that the quality of the outcomes was not influenced by sketching. Nevertheless, most of the participants said that they preferred sketching, and their verbal reports can be seen as indicative of the formation of prior intentions. Therefore, we argue that prior intentions have an important role even within a process of pure material engagement. This has important implications for understanding the active role of human agency and our capacity to form prior intentions with pragmatic effects in the world.
{"title":"“Sketching With My Mind”: The Role of Prior Intentions and Intentions in Action for the Creative Process of Design","authors":"Juan Mendoza-Collazos;Joost van de Weijer","doi":"10.1162/desi_a_00744","DOIUrl":"10.1162/desi_a_00744","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the effects of prior intentions and intentions in action during the initial stage of a process of design in search of correlations between these cognitive processes and the quality of the design outcomes. We found that the quality of the outcomes was not influenced by sketching. Nevertheless, most of the participants said that they preferred sketching, and their verbal reports can be seen as indicative of the formation of prior intentions. Therefore, we argue that prior intentions have an important role even within a process of pure material engagement. This has important implications for understanding the active role of human agency and our capacity to form prior intentions with pragmatic effects in the world.","PeriodicalId":51560,"journal":{"name":"DESIGN ISSUES","volume":"40 1","pages":"61-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139375470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Weird Sensation Feels Good: The World of ASMR: Design Museum London, May 13, 2022-April 10, 2023 (Exhibition Review)","authors":"Christian de Mouilpied Sancto","doi":"10.1162/desi_r_00747","DOIUrl":"10.1162/desi_r_00747","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51560,"journal":{"name":"DESIGN ISSUES","volume":"40 1","pages":"107-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139394056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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