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From serials crisis to dollar crisis: The compelling evidence against APC-based open access in sub-Saharan Africa countries 从丛书危机到美元危机:撒哈拉以南非洲国家反对基于 APC 的开放式获取的有力证据
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1002/leap.1620
Idowu Adegbilero-Iwari

  • The article processing charges (APC)-based model of open access has constituted a major obstacle to achieving open access in developing countries.
  • High exchange rates of local currencies to the dollar make sustaining the APC open access model impractical.
  • Other approaches should be used to achieve equitable and inclusive open access.
基于文章处理费(APC)的开放存取模式是发展中国家实现开放存取的主要障碍。 当地货币对美元的高汇率使维持文章处理费开放存取模式变得不切实际。 应采用其他方法来实现公平和包容的开放式获取。
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引用次数: 0
A matter of research integrity: The reporting of statistical software used in studies published in nursing journals in 2023 研究诚信问题:2023 年护理期刊发表的研究报告中使用的统计软件
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1002/leap.1622
Åsa Hedlund, Magnus Lindberg

The field of nursing has consistently upheld a strong sense of ethical awareness, which can be assumed to be reflected in the performance of nursing research. Adhering to sound research principles involves prioritizing research integrity. This entails being clear and open in detailing the methods used, allowing others to have confidence in both the methods and the resulting outcomes. This methodological review aimed to provide an overview of how statistical software programs have been reported in nursing studies. We screened articles published in the year 2023 in the five top-ranking and the five bottom-ranking nursing journals and found 311 that were eligible for this review; that is, quantitative/mixed-methods/meta-analyses. The most commonly used statistical software programs in these articles was IBM SPSS Statistics, followed by R. However, one out of 10 studies did not report the software used. Among those that reported the software, the software version was not always reported. Our findings suggest that there is insufficient reporting on the statistical software used for analysing quantitative data in nursing journal publications. From a perspective of maintaining research integrity, this presents an issue, as it jeopardizes transparency, sincerity, and, consequently, the ability to replicate methods and have confidence in the results.

护理领域一贯秉持强烈的道德意识,这一点可以在护理研究工作中得到体现。坚持合理的研究原则包括优先考虑研究的完整性。这就要求在详细说明所使用的方法时做到清晰、公开,让他人对研究方法和结果有信心。本方法论综述旨在概述护理研究中如何报告统计软件程序。我们筛选了 2023 年在五本排名靠前和五本排名靠后的护理期刊上发表的文章,发现有 311 篇符合本次综述的条件,即定量/混合方法/meta 分析。这些文章中最常用的统计软件是 IBM SPSS Statistics,其次是 R。在那些报告了软件的研究中,并不总是报告软件的版本。我们的研究结果表明,护理期刊出版物中对定量数据分析所用统计软件的报告不足。从维护研究完整性的角度来看,这是一个问题,因为它影响了研究的透明度和诚意,进而影响了复制研究方法的能力和对研究结果的信心。
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引用次数: 0
A cross-domain analysis of research performance: Conventional and altmetric indicators in Medicine, Physical Sciences, and Social Sciences 研究绩效的跨领域分析:医学、物理科学和社会科学中的传统指标和 Altmetric 指标
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1002/leap.1618
Manjula Wijewickrema

Comparing research performance across distinct subject domains is not recommended unless proper treatments are applied to normalize the domain-specific characteristics. Except for limited research aimed at exploring the field-dependent behaviours of specific research performance indicators, it is difficult to find comprehensive research examining both conventional and altmetric indicators for their influence on journals, articles, and authors in distinct subject domains. This research used Scopus and PlumX as sources to collect conventional and altmetric data, respectively. In addition to descriptive statistics, the Mann–Whitney U test, cluster plots, and correlation analysis were employed for data analysis. The results reveal that all three levels of indicators behave in notably different ways in Medicine compared with that of the Physical and Social Sciences. Most indicators in all three levels attain higher maximum and average values in Medicine. For instance, the maximum values for most indicators, except for citations and documents, are significantly higher in Medicine than in the Physical and Social Sciences. However, the citations and productivity of Physical Sciences journals surpass the two in other domains. SNIP deviates lightly across subject domains compared with that of other journal-level indicators. Further, citations do not have a large influence on SNIP and SJR as they do Journal Impact Factor and CiteScore. All article-level indicators show significant differences between Medicine and the Physical Sciences. Between the Physical and Social Sciences, all indicators except page count show significant differences. Further, article-level indicators in the Social Sciences behave in nearly the same way as in the Physical Sciences. Citation counts positively influence captures. In addition, Medicine authors are likely to make more impact and be more productive in their field than authors in other fields. Collaboration was also found to improve both the productivity of authors and the impact of their research, irrespective of the domain they work in. These findings are important to authors, research evaluators, and publishers from different viewpoints. Discouraging performance comparisons based on raw indicator values can protect researchers from inaccurate assessments, enabling them to fully realize their potential for conducting cutting-edge research. Finally, this research indicates different directions along which this area of research can be extended.

比较不同学科领域的研究绩效并不可取,除非采用适当的处理方法将特定领域的特征归一化。除了旨在探索特定研究绩效指标的领域依赖行为的有限研究外,很难找到全面的研究来考察常规指标和altmetric指标对不同学科领域的期刊、文章和作者的影响。本研究分别使用 Scopus 和 PlumX 作为常规数据和 altmetric 数据的来源。除描述性统计外,数据分析还采用了曼-惠特尼 U 检验、聚类图和相关分析。结果显示,与物理科学和社会科学相比,医学的所有三个层次的指标都有明显不同的表现。三个层次的大多数指标在医学中都达到了更高的最大值和平均值。例如,除引文和文献外,大多数指标的最大值在医学领域都明显高于物理和社会科学领域。然而,物理科学期刊的引文和生产率超过了其他领域的两项指标。与其他期刊指标相比,SNIP 在各学科领域的偏差较小。此外,与期刊影响因子和 CiteScore 一样,引文对 SNIP 和 SJR 的影响也不大。所有文章层面的指标在医学和物理科学之间都有显著差异。在物理科学和社会科学之间,除页数外,所有指标都存在显著差异。此外,社会科学的文章级指标与物理科学的表现几乎相同。引用次数对论文的捕获量有积极影响。此外,与其他领域的作者相比,医学领域的作者可能在其领域内产生更大的影响和更多的成果。研究还发现,无论在哪个领域工作,合作都能提高作者的生产力和研究影响力。这些发现对作者、研究评估者和出版商都有重要意义。不鼓励基于原始指标值的绩效比较,可以保护研究人员免受不准确评估的影响,使他们能够充分发挥潜力,开展前沿研究。最后,本研究还指出了这一研究领域可以拓展的不同方向。
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引用次数: 0
Purchase and publish: Early career researchers and open access publishing costs 购买和出版:早期职业研究人员和开放存取出版成本
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1002/leap.1617
David Nicholas, Jorge Revez, Abdullah Abrizah, Blanca Rodríguez-Bravo, Cherifa Boukacem-Zeghmouri, David Clark, Jie Xu, Marzena Swigon, Anthony Watkinson, Hamid R. Jamali, Eti Herman

This paper comes from the third stage (H-3) of the long-running Harbingers of Change project (2015), which has investigated the scholarly communication beliefs and practices of early career researchers (ECRs) for a decade. The first stage (H-1) focussed on generational (Millennial) change; the second (H-2) on the impact of COVID; and, currently, the third stage (H-3) on AI and its impact. While each stage has a particular focus all stages also asked questions about wider scholarly communications. This paper re-examines an important finding found in H-1 and backed by H-2, which was that ECRs thought article processing charges were a major barrier to publishing open access (OA). Since then, OA has become more complex with more models available and a huge body of OA journals to navigate, so it is time to return to the topic. Data were obtained from China, France, Malaysia, Poland, Portugal and Spain about national guidelines and practices with 62 ECRs interviewed in-depth. The findings indicate that ECRs are encountering challenges, or dilemmas in OA publishing. More precisely, they struggle with issues surrounding cost perceptions and understanding within the intricate academic publishing environment.

本文来自长期项目 "变革先声"(Harbingers of Change,2015 年)的第三阶段(H-3),该项目对早期职业研究人员(ECRs)的学术交流理念和实践进行了长达十年的调查。第一阶段(H-1)侧重于代际(千禧)变化;第二阶段(H-2)侧重于 COVID 的影响;目前,第三阶段(H-3)侧重于人工智能及其影响。虽然每个阶段都有特定的重点,但所有阶段也都提出了有关更广泛学术交流的问题。本文重新审视了在 H-1 中发现并得到 H-2 支持的一个重要发现,即 ECR 认为文章处理费是出版开放存取(OA)的主要障碍。从那时起,开放式获取变得更加复杂,有更多的模式可供选择,也有大量的开放式获取期刊需要浏览,因此是时候回到这个话题上来了。我们从中国、法国、马来西亚、波兰、葡萄牙和西班牙获得了有关国家指导方针和实践的数据,并对 62 家 ECR 进行了深入访谈。调查结果表明,ECR 在 OA 出版方面遇到了挑战或困境。更确切地说,在错综复杂的学术出版环境中,他们在与成本观念和理解相关的问题上挣扎。
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引用次数: 0
The promotion and implementation of open science measures among high-performing journals from Brazil, Mexico, Portugal, and Spain 在巴西、墨西哥、葡萄牙和西班牙的优秀期刊中推广和实施开放科学措施
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.1002/leap.1616
Chris Fradkin, Rogério Mugnaini

This study empirically examined the promotion and implementation of open science measures among high-performing journals of Brazil, Mexico, Portugal, and Spain. Journal policy related to data sharing, materials sharing, preregistration, open peer review, and consideration of preprints and replication studies was gathered from the websites of the journals. Four hundred articles were coded for the inclusion of data availability statements, conflict of interest disclosures, funding disclosures, DOI, ORCID, and continuous publishing. Analyses found a higher promotion of open science measures among Brazilian journals than their Portuguese counterparts, and higher promotion of open science measures among international journals than their domestic counterparts. Analyses found higher implementation of open science measures among Brazilian journals than their Portuguese and Mexican counterparts. One journal out of 40 encouraged preregistration of studies; none encouraged replication studies and none had implemented open peer review. These findings reveal reasonably strong implementation of secondary open science measures (e.g., DOI, ORCID, conflict of interest and funding source disclosure) among the sample, but weaker implementation of primary measures (e.g., open data, open materials, replication studies and open peer review). The implications of these findings are considered and suggestions are made to bolster the adoption of open science measures among Ibero-American scientific journals.

本研究对巴西、墨西哥、葡萄牙和西班牙的优秀期刊推广和实施开放科学措施的情况进行了实证研究。研究人员从期刊网站上收集了与数据共享、材料共享、预注册、开放同行评审以及考虑预印本和复制研究相关的期刊政策。对 400 篇文章进行了编码,以确定是否包含数据可用性声明、利益冲突披露、资金披露、DOI、ORCID 和连续出版。分析发现,巴西期刊对开放科学措施的推广程度高于葡萄牙期刊,国际期刊对开放科学措施的推广程度高于国内期刊。分析发现,巴西期刊实施开放科学措施的比例高于葡萄牙和墨西哥期刊。40 种期刊中有 1 种鼓励对研究进行预注册;没有一种期刊鼓励复制研究,也没有一种期刊实施开放式同行评审。这些发现表明,样本中二级开放科学措施(如 DOI、ORCID、利益冲突和资金来源披露)的实施力度相当大,但一级措施(如开放数据、开放材料、复制研究和开放同行评审)的实施力度较弱。本文探讨了这些发现的影响,并就如何促进伊比利亚-美洲科学期刊采用开放科学措施提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
The stock characters in the editorial boards of journals run by predatory publishers 掠夺性出版商所办期刊编委会中的典型人物
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-05-25 DOI: 10.1002/leap.1608
Mike Downes

This study sets out to detail the deceptive practice of including stock characters in the editorial boards of journals run by predatory publishers. Stock characters are defined by the author as those that currently (2023) appear 20 or more times on these editorial boards. Predatory publishers are in turn defined by the author as open access publishers in violation of three or more out of eight egregiously ‘fatal’ criteria such as identity theft and token (or no) peer review. Stock characters (and stolen academic names and affiliations in general) are included in editorial boards to give them an unwarranted appearance of quality and excellence. Ninety-six of these stock characters were identified, with their numbers of board memberships ranging from 20 to 503 in the current year (2023). Some were cases of total identity theft, some partial identity theft, and some willing compliance. Academics in the latter category could also have records of publications with the predatory publishers in question. Universities typically warn staff and postgraduate students about the dangers of engaging with predatory publishers, but they can be unresponsive or otherwise negative when alerted to instances of such engagements involving their staff.

本研究旨在详述掠夺性出版商在其经营的期刊编委会中加入 "库存人物 "的欺骗性做法。作者将 "库存字符 "定义为目前(2023 年)在这些编委会中出现 20 次或以上的字符。而掠夺性出版商又被作者定义为违反八项 "致命 "标准中的三项或更多标准的开放获取出版商,如身份盗用和象征性(或无)同行评审。编辑委员会中还包含了股票人物(以及一般被盗用的学术名称和附属机构),以给它们披上莫须有的高质量和卓越的外衣。我们发现了 96 个这样的 "股票人物",他们在本年度(2023 年)担任编委的人数从 20 人到 503 人不等。有些是完全的身份盗用,有些是部分身份盗用,还有些是自愿遵守。属于后一类的学者也可能有在相关掠夺性出版商处发表论文的记录。大学通常会提醒教职员工和研究生注意与掠夺性出版商合作的危险,但在提醒教职员工注意与掠夺性出版商合作的情况时,大学可能会反应迟钝或采取其他消极措施。
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引用次数: 0
The road to sustainability: Examining key drivers in open access diamond journal publishing 可持续发展之路:研究开放获取钻石期刊出版的关键驱动因素
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1002/leap.1611
JungWon Yoon, Halin Ku, EunKyung Chung

Despite the rising interest in open access (OA) diamond journals as a scholarly journal publishing model, their sustainability remains a pressing concern. Using the Open Access Diamond Journals Study (OADJS) Dataset, we examined the characteristics and factors of OA diamond journal publishing that are associated with high sustainability. From 1335 journals, 476 journals with low sustainability and 438 journals with high sustainability were selected and compared. Our analysis revealed that factors such as the region and official language of the publishing country and the discipline, ownership, and financial status of the journal were significantly associated with sustainability. Journals owned by government or national agencies, those with financial stability, and those promoting open practices like unrestricted text and data mining are more likely to be sustainable. This study also discusses the implications of these findings for the future of scholarly publishing and the open science movement. Ultimately, we emphasize the need for national and international support to enhance the sustainability of OA diamond journals and propose that a collective approach involving policymakers, funding agencies, and journal administrators is crucial for fostering a sustainable open access ecosystem.

尽管开放存取(OA)钻石期刊作为一种学术期刊出版模式受到越来越多的关注,但其可持续性仍然是一个亟待解决的问题。利用开放存取钻石期刊研究(OADJS)数据集,我们研究了与高可持续性相关的开放存取钻石期刊出版的特点和因素。我们从 1335 种期刊中选出了 476 种可持续性较低的期刊和 438 种可持续性较高的期刊进行比较。我们的分析表明,出版国的地区和官方语言以及期刊的学科、所有权和财务状况等因素与可持续发展密切相关。由政府或国家机构拥有的期刊、财务稳定的期刊以及提倡开放实践(如不受限制的文本和数据挖掘)的期刊更有可能实现可持续发展。本研究还讨论了这些发现对未来学术出版和开放科学运动的影响。最后,我们强调需要国家和国际社会的支持,以增强开放获取钻石期刊的可持续性,并建议政策制定者、资助机构和期刊管理人员共同参与的集体方法对于促进可持续的开放获取生态系统至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring named-entity recognition techniques for academic books 探索学术书籍的命名实体识别技术
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1002/leap.1610
Pablo Calleja Ibañez, Elea Giménez-Toledo

Recent advances in the natural language processing (NLP) field have achieved impressive results in various tasks. However, NLP techniques are underrepresented in the analysis of Humanities and Social Science texts and in languages other than English. In particular, academic books are a highly valuable source of information that has not been exploited by these techniques at all. The recognition of named entities (person names, organizations or locations) and their semantic annotation over books could enrich the visibility and discoverability of the information by users. This is an opportunity for academia and the academic publishing industry in which semantic search is a central task and now books can be queried by named entities of interest that are in their content. This work proposes a methodology to apply named-entity recognition to publish the results into an ontological semantic-web format. The work has been performed over a corpus of academic books provided by UNE (Unión de Editoriales Universitarias Españolas, Union of Spanish University Presses). Results show an enrichment of the information extracted over the books and of the possibilities of querying them at the individual level but also within the whole set of books, increasing the possibilities for books to be discovered or retrieved beyond metadata.

自然语言处理(NLP)领域的最新进展在各种任务中取得了令人瞩目的成果。然而,NLP 技术在分析人文和社会科学文本以及英语以外的其他语言文本方面的代表性不足。特别是,学术书籍是一个非常有价值的信息来源,但这些技术却完全没有加以利用。识别图书中的命名实体(人名、组织或地点)并对其进行语义注释,可以丰富用户对信息的可见性和可发现性。这对学术界和学术出版业来说是一个机遇,因为在学术界和学术出版业中,语义搜索是一项核心任务,现在可以通过图书内容中感兴趣的命名实体对图书进行查询。这项工作提出了一种应用命名实体识别的方法,将识别结果发布为本体语义网格式。这项工作是在 UNE(Unión de Editoriales Universitarias Españolas,西班牙大学出版社联盟)提供的学术书籍语料库中进行的。结果表明,从图书中提取的信息得到了丰富,不仅可以在单个层面上查询图书,还可以在整套图书中进行查询,从而提高了发现或检索元数据之外的图书的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Beyond borders: Examining the role of national learned societies in the social sciences and humanities 超越国界:考察各国学会在社会科学及人文科学领域的作用
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1002/leap.1609
Elina Late, Raf Guns, Janne Pölönen, Jadranka Stojanovski, Mimi Urbanc, Michael Ochsner

The aim of this paper is to examine the status of national learned societies in social sciences and humanities (SSH) in Europe. Previous research shows that learned societies serve diverse roles in higher education and suggests that national societies come under pressure given different developments, such as internationalization or open science adoption. We investigate a comprehensive range of aspects within national learned societies: primary goals, activities, internationalization, organization, funding, membership, and recent changes, addressing potential pressures arising from them. Using a cross-national survey involving 194 learned societies across eight European countries, we study: (a) do the previous findings from individual countries or small selections of national societies hold for a broad range of learned societies in SSH across Europe, and (b) are national learned societies coming under pressure due to internationalization and commercialization processes? Our findings confirm previous results from single countries and single disciplines and expand them as our results show that national learned societies in SSH play an important role in Europe in promoting multilingualism in science, collaborating with many stakeholders, and fostering interdisciplinarity. Contrary to previous research, most SSH societies in our study have not undergone significant changes in the past 5 years, challenging expectations of their declining role.

本文旨在研究欧洲社会科学及人文科学(SSH)领域国家学会的现状。以往的研究表明,学会在高等教育中发挥着不同的作用,并表明国家学会在不同的发展中面临压力,如国际化或采用开放科学。我们对各国学会的各个方面进行了全面调查:主要目标、活动、国际化、组织、资金、会员以及最近的变化,并探讨了由此产生的潜在压力。通过一项涉及 8 个欧洲国家 194 个学会的跨国调查,我们研究了:(a) 以前从单个国家或小部分国家学会得出的结论是否适用于欧洲 SSH 领域的广泛学会;(b) 国家学会是否因国际化和商业化进程而面临压力?我们的研究结果证实了以前从单一国家和单一学科得出的结果,并扩展了这些结果,因为我们的研究结果表明,在欧洲,科学、人文科学和社会科学领域的全国性学会在促进科学领域的多语言化、与众多利益相关者合作以及促进跨学科性方面发挥着重要作用。与以往的研究相反,在我们的研究中,大多数社会科学及人文科学学会在过去 5 年中没有发生重大变化,这挑战了人们对其作用下降的预期。
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引用次数: 0
Patient authorship of medical research publications: An evolution, revolution, and solution? 医学研究出版物的患者作者身份:演变、革命和解决方案?
IF 2.2 3区 管理学 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1002/leap.1607
Karen L. Woolley, Simon R. Stones, Richard Stephens, Trishna Bharadia, Beverley Yamamoto, Jan Geissler, Bella Yang, Jacqui Oliver, Amanda Boughey, Catherine Elliott, Laura Dormer, Joanne Walker, Dawn Lobban

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引用次数: 0
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