Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.11
R. Lapteș
Because today, the laundering of money from illegal activities is performed mainly through the banking system, governments have developed Anti-Money Laundering (AML) compliance programs. Their implementation proves complicated and expensive, which is why many banks are sanctioned by the authorities with historic fines. In Romania, starting in 2019, the supervision process of financial banking institutions in the area of preventing and combating money laundering and terrorist financing has intensified, with the National Bank of Romania sanctioning some banks for their insufficient involvement and compliance in the direction of combating money laundering.
{"title":"Anti-Money Laundering in The Romanian Banking System","authors":"R. Lapteș","doi":"10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"Because today, the laundering of money from illegal activities is performed mainly through the banking system, governments have developed Anti-Money Laundering (AML) compliance programs. Their implementation proves complicated and expensive, which is why many banks are sanctioned by the authorities with historic fines. In Romania, starting in 2019, the supervision process of financial banking institutions in the area of preventing and combating money laundering and terrorist financing has intensified, with the National Bank of Romania sanctioning some banks for their insufficient involvement and compliance in the direction of combating money laundering.","PeriodicalId":516620,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Series V: Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140511653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.6
A. Tecău
The study explores the impact of economic, health, climate, energy, and political crises on startups, highlighting the different ways entrepreneurs perceive and manage these complex challenges. The research, conducted through semi-structured online interviews using the projective technique of sentence completion, is based on a sample of 25 managers of startups founded between 2021 and 2022 in various fields. The results highlight that managers perceive crises as situations that accentuate vulnerability and risk, but also as opportunities for innovation and creativity.
{"title":"An Exploration of Start-Ups' Resilience to Crises using the Projective Research Technique – Sentence Completion","authors":"A. Tecău","doi":"10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"The study explores the impact of economic, health, climate, energy, and political crises on startups, highlighting the different ways entrepreneurs perceive and manage these complex challenges. The research, conducted through semi-structured online interviews using the projective technique of sentence completion, is based on a sample of 25 managers of startups founded between 2021 and 2022 in various fields. The results highlight that managers perceive crises as situations that accentuate vulnerability and risk, but also as opportunities for innovation and creativity.","PeriodicalId":516620,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Series V: Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140511887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.13
Sanda Constantin
The paper presents the analysis of some indicators that capture important aspects regarding the protection of the environment. The indicators chosen were: environmental protection investment of the total economy, area of wooded land, protected areas, and protected forests, as well as air emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases from production activities and households. The results showed that the reduction of pollution both from productive activity and from the households of the population can lead to the mitigation of polluting emissions as well as to the preservation of biodiversity. Environmental protection investment is also an important help against pollution if they are applied effectively.
{"title":"Environmental Protection in Europe","authors":"Sanda Constantin","doi":"10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the analysis of some indicators that capture important aspects regarding the protection of the environment. The indicators chosen were: environmental protection investment of the total economy, area of wooded land, protected areas, and protected forests, as well as air emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases from production activities and households. The results showed that the reduction of pollution both from productive activity and from the households of the population can lead to the mitigation of polluting emissions as well as to the preservation of biodiversity. Environmental protection investment is also an important help against pollution if they are applied effectively.","PeriodicalId":516620,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Series V: Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.3
Andrei Dumitrescu
One important line of action in the marketing field is the conception of products attractive to consumers. Industrial design plays a significant role in this action. However, the traditional market segmentation is not very useful from the industrial design point of view. Also, because the traditional criteria for market segmentation are becoming less efficient in general, the experts from the field are looking for new criteria. The research presented here is focused on the relationship between industrial design, consumer profile, and product contribution to materialistic, conspicuous, and traditionalist goals.
{"title":"Market Segmentation Based on Materialistic, Conspicuous, and Traditionalist Goals in Support of an Effective Industrial Design","authors":"Andrei Dumitrescu","doi":"10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"One important line of action in the marketing field is the conception of products attractive to consumers. Industrial design plays a significant role in this action. However, the traditional market segmentation is not very useful from the industrial design point of view. Also, because the traditional criteria for market segmentation are becoming less efficient in general, the experts from the field are looking for new criteria. The research presented here is focused on the relationship between industrial design, consumer profile, and product contribution to materialistic, conspicuous, and traditionalist goals.","PeriodicalId":516620,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Series V: Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140511645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.15
Nicolae Marinescu
This paper investigates the evolution of Romania’s international trade over two decades (2000-2019). Export performance is analyzed along with rising imports, using statistical data and measurement of the specialization index and the revealed comparative advantage (RCA) in selected categories of products. The results of the research indicate a major transformation of the structure of Romanian exports under the influence of the integration into the European Union, the world economic crisis, but also the participation in production networks. The country has lowered the trade deficit for some years and has moved towards more technology-intensive products, but efforts are still needed in trade-related infrastructure, branding and promotional support measures.
{"title":"Investigating Romania’s Export Performance Over Two Decades","authors":"Nicolae Marinescu","doi":"10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the evolution of Romania’s international trade over two decades (2000-2019). Export performance is analyzed along with rising imports, using statistical data and measurement of the specialization index and the revealed comparative advantage (RCA) in selected categories of products. The results of the research indicate a major transformation of the structure of Romanian exports under the influence of the integration into the European Union, the world economic crisis, but also the participation in production networks. The country has lowered the trade deficit for some years and has moved towards more technology-intensive products, but efforts are still needed in trade-related infrastructure, branding and promotional support measures.","PeriodicalId":516620,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Series V: Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140511779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.16
C. Duguleană
The importance of economic aggregates per capita: final consumption expenditure and Gross Domestic Product, for the well-being of the entire population of a country determined the analysis of the economic convergence in the countries of the Central and South-Eastern European Union (CSE). The econometric approach of convergence as a steady state of these variables was performed on panel data models with an error correction term. Establishing the long-run and short-run equations describes the convergence of welfare in the CSE region and the choice of the best model.
{"title":"Economic Welfare in Central and Southeast European Union Countries – An Econometric Approach","authors":"C. Duguleană","doi":"10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.16","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of economic aggregates per capita: final consumption expenditure and Gross Domestic Product, for the well-being of the entire population of a country determined the analysis of the economic convergence in the countries of the Central and South-Eastern European Union (CSE). The econometric approach of convergence as a steady state of these variables was performed on panel data models with an error correction term. Establishing the long-run and short-run equations describes the convergence of welfare in the CSE region and the choice of the best model.","PeriodicalId":516620,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Series V: Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139640514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.12
I. Armăsar
“False friends” or bilingual homophones/homographs are words existing in two or more languages, sounding alike but differing significantly in meaning. They present a language learning challenge due to the inevitable confusion resulting from word migrations and similarities in sound and meaning. Coined in 1928, the term continues to fuel linguistic research, addressing comprehension confusions in the process of language acquisition. The reciprocal influences of languages, especially through neological borrowings, lead to divergent meanings in the target language. Inexperienced users may misuse these words due to homonymy. In economics, initially influenced by French borrowings, there is a substantial influx of terms from British or American English, driven by the need for precise terminology for new extralinguistic realities. This paper, drawing from teaching practice, provides brief examples and suggests strategies to navigate confusion related to translating „false friends,” emphasizing specific learning techniques and the use of online bilingual dictionaries.
{"title":"On \"False Friends\" in the Field of Economics","authors":"I. Armăsar","doi":"10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"“False friends” or bilingual homophones/homographs are words existing in two or more languages, sounding alike but differing significantly in meaning. They present a language learning challenge due to the inevitable confusion resulting from word migrations and similarities in sound and meaning. Coined in 1928, the term continues to fuel linguistic research, addressing comprehension confusions in the process of language acquisition. The reciprocal influences of languages, especially through neological borrowings, lead to divergent meanings in the target language. Inexperienced users may misuse these words due to homonymy. In economics, initially influenced by French borrowings, there is a substantial influx of terms from British or American English, driven by the need for precise terminology for new extralinguistic realities. This paper, drawing from teaching practice, provides brief examples and suggests strategies to navigate confusion related to translating „false friends,” emphasizing specific learning techniques and the use of online bilingual dictionaries. \u0000","PeriodicalId":516620,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Series V: Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140511705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.4
A.A. Mocanu, A.C. Szakal
The world in which people lead their lives now is full of connections. These connections have also been favored by the emergence and evolution of digital technologies. Today more than ever, individuals turn to digital solutions to communicate, to buy, to sell, and so on. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive literature review and analysis of the main digital marketing strategies. The research objectives are to identify and categorize the most common and effective digital marketing strategies from the existing literature and to contribute to the academic understanding of digital marketing strategies by synthesizing and analyzing them. The research method is qualitative, linking exploratory and descriptive approaches.
{"title":"Digital Marketing Strategies: A Comprehensive Literature Review","authors":"A.A. Mocanu, A.C. Szakal","doi":"10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The world in which people lead their lives now is full of connections. These connections have also been favored by the emergence and evolution of digital technologies. Today more than ever, individuals turn to digital solutions to communicate, to buy, to sell, and so on. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive literature review and analysis of the main digital marketing strategies. The research objectives are to identify and categorize the most common and effective digital marketing strategies from the existing literature and to contribute to the academic understanding of digital marketing strategies by synthesizing and analyzing them. The research method is qualitative, linking exploratory and descriptive approaches.","PeriodicalId":516620,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Series V: Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140511840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.17
L. Duguleană, K. Deszke
The study presents the long- and short-term relationship between international trade flows (exports/imports) and economic development (GDP) as the main driver of international economic trade. Panel data econometric models emphasize the fixed effects of the eight Central and Southeast European Union countries. The cointegration condition is met to identify the existence of long-run equilibrium. The error correction model is the iterative short-run adjustment solution to the long-run relationship for both exports and imports. Regional trade convergence is achieved by observing the cointegration of the analyzed variables; it is described by their average levels for all countries.
{"title":"Convergence of Export-Import Flows and Economic Development in the Central and Southeast European Union","authors":"L. Duguleană, K. Deszke","doi":"10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31926/but.es.2023.16.65.2.17","url":null,"abstract":"The study presents the long- and short-term relationship between international trade flows (exports/imports) and economic development (GDP) as the main driver of international economic trade. Panel data econometric models emphasize the fixed effects of the eight Central and Southeast European Union countries. The cointegration condition is met to identify the existence of long-run equilibrium. The error correction model is the iterative short-run adjustment solution to the long-run relationship for both exports and imports. Regional trade convergence is achieved by observing the cointegration of the analyzed variables; it is described by their average levels for all countries. \u0000","PeriodicalId":516620,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Series V: Economic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140512237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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