Politics & Policy最新文献

In this study, we attempt to examine how transparency in the financial sector (financial sector transparency) moderates the increasing effect of fiscal expenditure on government debts using 23 African economies over a 16-year period. The study employs two-step dynamic GMM panel models with additional controls for year and country effects. The results show that (i) FST and fiscal expenditure both increase government debts, but the combined effect of these two offers a synergetic-reducing effect on government debts, (ii) economies with transparent financial sector systems are able to effectively suppress the increasing effect of fiscal expenditure on government debts, and (iii) the increasing effect of expenditure is evident in both transparent and opaque financial sector economies, though the increasing effect of fiscal expenditure is lower in transparent financial sector systems in Africa. These results highlight the important but unexplored government debt-reducing effect of FST through fiscal expenditure, implying that policymakers can rely on FST to tame the increasing effect of fiscal expenditure on government debts while enacting laws and policies to expand the depth and coverage of FST to harness the government debt-reducing effect of FST through fiscal expenditure.

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Adegboye, Alex, Kofo Adegboye, Uwalomwa Uwuigbe, Stephen Ojeka, and Eyitemi Fasanu. 2023. “Taxation, Democracy, and Inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa: Relevant Linkages for Sustainable Development Goals.” Politics & Policy 51(4): 696–722. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12547.

Asongu, Simplice, and Nicholas M. Odhiambo. 2023. “The Effect of Inequality on Poverty and Severity of Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Role of Financial Development Institutions.” Politics & Policy 51(5): 898–918. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12558.

Byaro, Mwoya, Nicholaus Ngowi, and Anicet Rwezaula. 2024. “Do higher government spending, financial development, and trade reduce income inequality in low-income countries? A Bayesian perspective.” Politics & Policy 52(3): 500-519. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12600.

This paper investigates the interplay between institutional frameworks and women's political participation through a comparative study of local government in Australia and Bangladesh. While Australia exemplifies professionalized inclusion through female quotas, formal mentoring programs, and bureaucratic processes, Bangladesh illustrates how grassroots movements navigate entrenched patriarchal exclusion. The study demonstrates that radical resistance and formal representation are interconnected dimensions of women's political agency rather than conflicting approaches. Using feminist institutionalism, political empowerment theory, and intersectional analysis, the paper introduces two novel conceptual tools—technocratic capture and subversive institutional bricolage—to illustrate how activists strategically navigate layered patriarchal constraints in diverse governance contexts. The findings illuminate the paradox of “nested newness,” showing how institutional gains can sometimes reinforce inequalities despite feminist interventions. Cross-case comparisons reveal hybrid pathways where formal institutional access and grassroots strategies intersect, producing interstitial spaces of empowerment that can be both transformative and replicable. By integrating political science and development studies approaches, the study provides a methodology for examining both formal and informal routes to empowerment, enriching research on gender and governance. Practical implications include designing intersectional policies that link grassroots mobilization with institutional reforms, enhancing participation for underrepresented groups such as Indigenous, rural, and working-class women. Future research should explore how digital platforms reshape insider/outsider dynamics, particularly within hybrid governance structures. Overall, the study advocates for synergistic strategies that combine institutional leverage and grassroots energy to advance sustained, gender-transformative change.

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Prodip, Mahbub Alam, Abu Sayed Md. Nazmul Haider, Nguyen Thi Thu Ha, and Sajal Roy. 2025. “Gender Quotas and Women's Substantive Representation in Local-Level Government in Bangladesh.” Politics & Policy 53, no. 4: e70053. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.70053.

Bingham, N. 2016. “Fighting for Our Cause: The Impact of Women's NGOs on Gender Policy Adoption in Four Former Soviet Republics.” Politics & Policy 44, no. 2: 294–318. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12155.

Hankivsky, O. 2013. “Gender Mainstreaming: A Five-Country Examination.” Politics & Policy 41, no. 5: 629–655. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12037.

Africa is a resource-rich continent. However, the continent is yet to fully benefit from its natural wealth, partly because developed countries have been exploiting its natural wealth and resources in line with the World Systems theory. In recent times, China has successfully exploited Africa's wealth using its technological and capital capabilities through its Belt and Road Initiative as well as by positioning itself as a partner offering “mutual respect” and “win-win” outcomes to Africa. Using a case study of the United Arab Emirates, this article shows that other developing countries may have started to mimic, albeit with some modifications, China's model of exploiting Africa. Moreover, anecdotal evidence shows that even established Western countries such as the United States and European countries have joined suit. This suggests that mimicry has become one of the international relations strategies. This reality is risky for African countries since economic gains from mimicking in international relations could be prioritized by developed countries at the expense of some more traditional rules of engagement, which also demand the upholding of human rights and democracy. It is against this background that the present study proposes that Africa should shake off its periphery status by implementing its own policies and regulatory frameworks, improving its governance system, taking advantage of its population dividend, and embracing technology as both a catalyst and job creator.

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Kinyondo, Abel A. 2020. “Does Tanzania's Development Trajectory Borrow from the China Model?” Politics & Policy 48, no. 5: 960–987. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12372.

Davidsson, Simon. 2020. “Modeling the Impact of a Model: The (Non)Relationship between China's Economic Rise and African Democracy.” Politics & Policy 48, no. 5: 859–886. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12375.

Duggan, Niall. 2020. “China—The Champion of the Developing World: A Study of China's New Development Model and Its Role in Changing Global Economic Governance. Politics & Policy 48, no. 5: 836–858. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12377.

This study examines how military expenditure moderates the negative effect of terrorism on economic complexity in Europe. Terrorism is proxied by terrorism-related incidences, fatalities, injuries, and hostages. The study utilizes a panel dataset comprising 33 European economies spanning the period 2011–2022. The primary empirical strategy employed is the Bias-Corrected Method of Moments (BCMM), which effectively addresses potential estimation biases, including cross-sectional dependence, endogeneity, and heterogeneity. The findings reveal a consistently negative impact of terrorism on economic complexity in Europe. Furthermore, a 2.000 threshold level of military expenditure (% GDP) and 4.000 threshold level of military expenditure (% of general government expenditure) will mitigate the negative effects of terrorism fatalities on economic complexity. On the basis of the study's findings, it is recommended to reassess the efficiency of military expenditures in Europe, with surplus funds redirected toward innovation-driven sectors. In addition, policymakers and leaders in Europe should join forces through the Council of Europe (CoE) and the European Union (EU) to tackle the detrimental effects of terrorism on the continent.

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Cinalli, M., and M. Giugni. 2016. “Collective Responses to the Economic Crisis in the Public Domain: Myth or Reality?” Politics & Policy 44, no. 3: 427–446. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12156.

Lahusen, C., M. Kousis, J. Kiess, and M. Paschou. 2016. “Political Claims and Discourse Formations: A Comparative Account on Germany and Greece in the Eurozone Crisis.” Politics & Policy 44, no. 3: 525–552. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12162/abstract.

Zamponi, L., and L. Bosi. 2016. “Which Crisis? European Crisis and National Contexts in Public Discourse.” Politics & Policy 44, no. 3: 400–426. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12156.

This study introduces the concept of the “Empty State” to explain a form of state dysfunction in Yemen, where state institutions exist but are stripped of their governance authority. While frameworks on fragile or failed states emphasize the weakness or collapse of state capacity, the Empty State highlights the persistence of symbolic institutions that project authority but are run by informal networks, ideology, and external actors. Unlike the “institutional void” or “shadow state” models, the Empty State captures the coexistence of institutional form and functional absence. Institutions are hollow and strategically preserved to simulate legitimacy and sovereignty. This framework is grounded in a qualitative study of 40 interviews with government, civil society, and tribal leaders. Findings reveal two governance patterns: centralized yet ideologically hollow rule in the North, and fragmented, externally influenced administration in the South. These patterns exemplify the Empty State and challenge linear models of fragility and collapse.

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Aboelwafa, Tarek, and Abdulfattah Yaghi. 2024. “Parliamentary Questions, Institutional Change, and Legislative Oversight in a Non-Western Context.” Politics and Policy 52(2): 365–383. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12593.

Jouini, Nizar, and Manel Ben Akal. 2022. “Political Consensus, Economic Reforms, and Democratic Transitions in the Middle East: Evidence From Voting on Tunisian Reform Bills.” Politics and Policy 50(4): 851–71. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12489.

Ali, Hamid E., and Shahjahan Bhuiyan. 2022. “Governance, Natural Resources Rent, and Infrastructure Development: Evidence from the Middle East and North Africa.” Politics and Policy 50(2): 408–440. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12451.

Why do police officers support police militarization despite the dangers it entails for themselves and the community they protect? We argue officer social identity helps explain part of this puzzle, particularly gender identity. Individuals who wish to signal their masculinity engage in actions that involve (the threat of) violence. One way to confirm their willingness to do so is to support the acquisition of military gear and weapons as tools of violence. Thus, we theorize a mediating relationship that describes why male officers would support police militarization—to signal masculinity in the face of gender threats. We use causal mediation analysis to examine survey data collected from officers in a large US police department. Results demonstrate that officers' gender attitudes influence their support for militarizing their department, despite the inherent risks involved, and perhaps because of the inherent risks involved.

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Welch, Ryan M., Jack Mewhirter, James E. Wright, and Jeongmin Oh. 2023. “Evaluating the Determinants of Support for Police Militarization among Officers.” Politics & Policy 51(4): 636-660. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12549.

Wolff, Michael Jerome. 2019. “Sharing Authority: The Politics and Practice of Community Policing in the Brazilian Slum.” Politics & Policy 47(4): 748-774. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12322.

Spalek, Basia. 2010. “Community Policing, Trust, and Muslim Communities in Relation to New Terrorism.” Politics & Policy 38(4): 789-815. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2010.00258.x.

Policy evaluation is crucial for effective governance and development in the Global South, yet its institutionalization is shaped by a complex interplay of historical, political, and transnational factors. This study examines how colonial legacies, domestic political dynamics, and external influences converge to influence policy evaluation practices across this diverse region, defined as countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America marked by colonial histories and structural inequalities. Employing a synthesis review of literature from 2010 to 2024 sourced from Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest, we analyze these factors through a framework integrating postcolonial theory, historical institutionalism, and global governance perspectives. Findings reveal that colonial administrative structures persist, skewing evaluations toward external agendas, whereas authoritarian regimes and weak institutional capacity limit independence, contrasting with more open systems. Transnational influences, including UN frameworks, further constrain local relevance. Civil society organizations enhance inclusivity, yet face resource and political barriers. This study advances theoretical discourse by deconstructing ethnocentric biases in evaluation practices and proposes context-sensitive frameworks that prioritize local epistemologies over universal templates. These insights offer actionable strategies for policymakers to foster accountability, equity, and sustainable development, reimagining policy evaluation as a tool for justice in postcolonial governance.

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de Wee, G., and A. Jakoet-Salie. 2025. “Policy Integration for Overcoming Fragmented Government Action in South Africa: The Case of the National Policy on Food and Nutrition Security.” Politics & Policy 53, no. 1: e70018. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.70018.

Goyal, N. 2021. “Explaining Policy Success Using the Multiple Streams Framework: Political Success Despite Programmatic Failure of the Solar Energy Policy in Gujarat, India.” Politics & Policy 49, no. 5: 1021–1060. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12426.

Peterson, H. L., M. K. McBeth, and M. D. Jones. 2020. “Policy Process Theory for Rural Studies: Navigating Context and Generalization in Rural Policy.” Politics & Policy 48, no. 4: 576–617. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12366.

This study examines the evolving dynamics of partisan polarization in US congressional behavior toward China. While Republicans have traditionally adopted more hawkish stances and Democrats have favored engagement, recent years—particularly since 2018—have witnessed the emergence of a bipartisan consensus framing China as a strategic threat. Drawing on an original dataset of 138 China-specific congressional roll-call votes from 1989 to 2024, the study employs two empirical indicators—a Party Difference Score and a Partisan Hawkishness Score—to assess ideological divergence and policy alignment across five issue domains. Standardized OLS regression and difference-in-means analyses reveal a significant decline in partisan differences on national security–related legislation, accompanied by a notable rise in hawkishness among both parties. However, polarization remains pronounced on issues related to trade, cultural exchange, and multifaceted policy areas. These findings lend support to both the external threat hypothesis and the literature on partisan foreign policy polarization: while perceptions of existential threat can foster bipartisan alignment in national security, they do not fully override entrenched ideological divisions across broader foreign policy domains.

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Fowler, L. 2022 “Searching for Green Elephants and Other Mythical Creatures during the Trump Years: Partisanship and Congressional Voting on Environmental Legislation.” Politics and Policy 50, no. 5: 913–941. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12499.

Dunning, K. H. 2021. “Unlikely Conservation Policy Making in a Polarized Congress: A Multiple Streams Analysis of ‘America's Most Successful Conservation Program’.” Politics and Policy 50, no. 1: 93–118. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12448.

Gershtenson, J., Smith, B.W., and Mangun, W. R. 2006. “Friends of the Earth? Partisanship, Party Control of Congress, and Environmental Legislation in Congress.” Politics and Policy 34, no. 1: 66–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2006.00004.x.