Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management最新文献_第2页

The effect of a platform management intervention on the behaviour of passengers: A case study at Lund Central station 站台管理干预对乘客行为的影响：隆德中央车站的案例研究

IF 2.7 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrtpm.2025.100556

Ruben A. Kuipers , Frida Carlvik , Carl-William Palmqvist , Johan Rahm

One of the major causes of dwell time delays is the behaviour of passengers during the alighting and boarding processes, such as an uneven spread of boarding passengers and queues formed in front of the doors. Therefore, changing the behaviour of passengers so that it does not negatively affect the time needed for alighting and boarding is one of the ways to reduce the risk of dwell time delays. Platform management interventions have the potential to induce such a behavioural change, but the real-world impact is not well studied. To fill this gap, the study presented here investigates the effects of a sticker-based platform intervention using video observations from several hundred trains halting at Lund Central Station. We find that the alighting flow rates slightly increased under intervention conditions, with results suggesting that this is due to fewer overlaps in alighting and boarding passenger flows. No statistically significant effects of the intervention on the spread of boarding passengers were found. Our results suggest that changing the behaviour of passengers is likely to be a slow process, requiring additional efforts such as information provision and ensuring that the halting position of a train accurately reflects the information provided by an intervention.

滞留时间延误的主要原因之一是乘客在下飞机和登机过程中的行为，例如登机乘客分布不均和门口排队。因此，改变乘客的行为，使其不会对下车和登机所需的时间产生负面影响，是减少停留时间延误风险的方法之一。平台管理干预有可能诱发这种行为改变，但现实世界的影响尚未得到很好的研究。为了填补这一空白，本文提出的研究利用在隆德中央车站停靠的数百列火车的视频观察，调查了基于贴纸的站台干预的效果。我们发现，在干预条件下，下车流率略有增加，结果表明这是由于下车和登机客流的重叠较少。未发现干预对登机旅客传播的统计学显著影响。我们的研究结果表明，改变乘客的行为可能是一个缓慢的过程，需要额外的努力，如提供信息，并确保火车的停车位置准确地反映了干预所提供的信息。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing railway corridor governance: Cooperative game model 加强铁路走廊治理：合作博弈模型

IF 2.7 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrtpm.2025.100549

Miroslav Prokić , Branislav Bošković

Despite the EU's efforts to enhance the competitiveness of rail freight transport, the lack of coordination and cooperation among governments and infrastructure managers remains a significant barrier. Rail freight corridors, serving as critical arteries for transnational trade and economic integration, are particularly vital for strengthening rail's competitive position in European transport market. This paper proposes the application of cooperative game theory to address the coordination challenges among stakeholders within rail freight corridors. A cooperative game model is developed to evaluate the potential for improving corridor governance through the formation of coalitions among the involved countries. In addition to the Shapley value we introduce two novel allocation rules, termed the proportional rule and the adjusted proportional rule, which are specifically designed to address the railway freight corridor problem by linking allocation of coalition worth to countries' contributions to improving corridor competitiveness. The results of the model suggest that forming coalitions around shared objectives within the cooperative game framework significantly increases the revenues of infrastructure managers and ensures a fairer distribution of the coalition's worth among the participating countries.

尽管欧盟努力提高铁路货运的竞争力，但政府和基础设施管理者之间缺乏协调与合作仍然是一个重大障碍。铁路货运走廊作为跨国贸易和经济一体化的关键动脉，对加强铁路在欧洲运输市场的竞争地位尤其重要。本文提出运用合作博弈论来解决铁路货运走廊内利益相关者之间的协调问题。开发了一个合作博弈模型，以评估通过在相关国家之间形成联盟来改善走廊治理的潜力。除了Shapley值之外，我们还引入了两个新的分配规则，称为比例规则和调整比例规则，它们通过将联盟价值的分配与各国对提高走廊竞争力的贡献联系起来，专门用于解决铁路货运走廊问题。该模型的结果表明，在合作博弈框架内围绕共同目标组建联盟，可以显著增加基础设施管理者的收入，并确保联盟的价值在参与国之间得到更公平的分配。

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引用次数: 0

An integrated optimization model for energy saving of train speed profile and power unit switching 列车速度剖面与动力单元切换节能一体化优化模型

IF 2.7 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrtpm.2025.100557

Chengcheng Fu, Pengfei Sun, Xinghe Liu, Qingyuan Wang, Xiaoyun Feng

This paper presents an innovative integrated optimization model for the train dynamic traction system efficiency (TDTSE) in power-dispersed trains. The model combines a train kinematics model and a TDTSE model to analyze the potential of power unit switching for improving the train traction system (TTS) efficiency. Sequential optimization (SO) and collaborative optimization (CO) methods are designed to focus on optimizing the energy-saving speed profile and power unit switching strategy. Improved dynamic programming (DP) incorporating coasting conditions serves as the foundation for both CO and SO. Simulation results demonstrate that power unit switching significantly reduces energy losses in the TTS. The proposed improved DP method exhibits superior energy-saving capabilities. Compared to the actual train operation, the SO and CO methods achieved energy savings of 20.34 % and 25.42 %, respectively, with CO performing better.

提出了一种新颖的动力分散列车动力牵引系统效率综合优化模型。该模型结合了列车运动学模型和TDTSE模型，分析了动力单元切换对提高列车牵引系统效率的潜力。序贯优化（SO）和协同优化（CO）方法的重点是优化节能的速度分布和动力单元切换策略。考虑滑行条件的改进动态规划（DP）是CO和SO的基础。仿真结果表明，功率单元切换可显著降低TTS系统的能量损失。所提出的改进DP方法具有较好的节能性能。与列车实际运行情况相比，SO法和CO法分别节能20.34%和25.42%，CO法节能效果更好。

引用次数: 0

A queueing-based approach for timetable-independent railway station performance analysis 基于排队的铁路车站独立时刻表性能分析方法

IF 2.7 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrtpm.2025.100539

Tamme Emunds, Nils Nießen

Railway stations serve as critical nodes within railway networks, facilitating connections across diverse travel directions. Traditionally, the analytical performance analysis of railway stations has been divided into two distinct components: the examination of stopping tracks and the evaluation of route nodes, the locations within a station where switches determine the direction of travel. This study introduces an innovative Continuous-Time Markov Chain model that represents a comprehensive queueing system encompassing the entire railway station. By deriving timetable-independent performance indicators, this model provides a robust framework for assessing station performance. Consequently, it equips infrastructure operators with a holistic tool for infrastructure planning and evaluation.

火车站是铁路网络中的关键节点，促进了不同旅行方向的连接。传统上，火车站的分析性能分析分为两个不同的部分：停车轨道的检查和路线节点的评估，路线节点是车站内由开关决定行驶方向的位置。本文提出了一个创新的连续时间马尔可夫链模型，该模型代表了一个包含整个火车站的综合排队系统。通过推导与时间表无关的性能指标，该模型为评估台站性能提供了一个强大的框架。因此，它为基础设施运营商提供了一个全面的基础设施规划和评估工具。

引用次数: 0

A bilevel programming and bargaining game approach to negotiations regarding time on track for railway maintenance 铁路维修轨道时间谈判的双层规划与议价博弈方法

IF 2.7 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrtpm.2025.100552

Richard Schaeffer , Daria Ivina , Gemma Nicholson , Paul Plummer , Sergeĭ Sergeev

Railway maintenance scheduling requires rigorous planning to ensure harmony between the agents involved. The roles of these agents can vary from country to country; however, the infrastructure manager usually oversees the railway operations and controls access to the railway network for maintenance measures. Trackwork requires time free from train traffic — therefore, this will be the main discussion point of this paper. In particular, the negotiations between infrastructure managers and maintenance undertakers regarding time on track in the capacity allocation process. Irrationality in negotiations for time on track is a consequence of the aims and responsibilities of each agent, as well as imbalance of leverage. This paper models the scenario as a Stackelberg game and solves the problem using methods from bilevel optimisation. The model considers factors that affect leverage, such as the urgency of the works and quality of other available options - e.g. outside parties that may be able to provide a better deal, known as the Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement. The results from a worked example using synthetic data provide evidence that there is a significant surplus of utility being left on the table due to non-cooperation between agents, and corrective rather than preventative maintenance.

铁路维修调度需要严格的计划，以确保所涉及的代理人之间的和谐。这些代理人的作用可能因国而异；然而，基础设施经理通常监督铁路运营，并控制进入铁路网络的维护措施。轨道工程需要避开火车交通的时间，因此，这将是本文的主要讨论点。特别是，基础设施管理人员和维护承诺者之间关于容量分配过程中时间的谈判。谈判时间的不合理是各方目标和责任的结果，也是杠杆不平衡的结果。本文将该场景建模为Stackelberg博弈，并使用双层优化方法解决问题。该模型考虑了影响杠杆作用的因素，例如工作的紧迫性和其他可用选项的质量-例如，外部各方可能能够提供更好的交易，称为谈判协议的最佳替代方案。使用合成数据的工作示例的结果提供了证据，表明由于代理之间的不合作以及纠正性维护而不是预防性维护，存在显着的剩余效用。

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引用次数: 0

Optimization method for maximizing capacity utilization of high-speed railway train timetable based on node routing model 基于节点路由模型的高速铁路列车时刻表容量利用率最大化优化方法

IF 2.7 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrtpm.2025.100548

Yukun Gu, Yuguang Wei, Yang Xia

The increasing passenger demand on certain high-speed railway lines has resulted in strained capacity utilization, posing a challenge for railway operators to optimize train timetables to maximize capacity utilization. This paper investigates the impact of train path sequences on section carrying capacity, as well as how train paths utilize time-space resources of train timetables. The problem of scheduling train timetables is transformed into the problem of node routing, where nodes represent train paths, directed arcs depict the sequential connections between train paths. A train timetable optimization model based on node routing is constructed, with the objective of maximizing the number of trains and the constraint that the total arc weight does not exceed total amount of time-space resources on the train timetable. Then considering the characteristics of the model, this paper designs an optimization algorithm for train timetables, which includes modules for designing train overtaking combinations, quantifying time-space resources, optimizing train path sequences, and scheduling train timetables. The algorithm is tested on the Shanghai-Hangzhou High-speed Railway in China. The computational results prove that the optimization method based on node routing can help railway operators improve the capacity utilization level of high-speed railways. Further, we design a series of experiments to study the impact of train headway times, train running speed, and other factors on the section carrying capacity, reveal the impact mechanisms of these train timetable factors on section carrying capacity, and propose optimization strategies for high-speed train timetables to railway operators.

部分高铁线路的乘客需求不断增加，导致运力利用率紧张，这对铁路运营商优化列车时刻表以最大化运力利用率提出了挑战。本文研究了列车轨道序列对路段承载能力的影响，以及列车轨道如何利用列车时刻表的时空资源。将列车时刻表调度问题转化为节点路由问题，节点表示列车路径，有向弧线表示列车路径之间的顺序连接。以列车数量最大化为目标，以总弧线权不超过列车时刻表上的时空资源总量为约束，构建了基于节点路由的列车时刻表优化模型。然后结合模型的特点，设计了列车时刻表优化算法，包括列车超车组合设计、时空资源量化、列车路径序列优化、列车时刻表调度等模块。该算法在中国沪杭高铁上进行了测试。计算结果表明，基于节点路由的优化方法可以帮助铁路运营商提高高速铁路的运力利用水平。在此基础上，我们设计了一系列实验，研究列车车头时距、列车运行速度等因素对路段承载能力的影响，揭示这些列车时刻表因素对路段承载能力的影响机制，并为铁路运营商提出高铁列车时刻表优化策略。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing periodic stability in railway timetables: A microscopic model for networks with a macroscopic comparison 铁路时刻表周期稳定性优化：一个具有宏观比较的网络微观模型

IF 2.7 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrtpm.2025.100555

Florian Fuchs, Bernardo Martin-Iradi, Francesco Corman

We present a novel microscopic model for railway timetabling designed to maximize periodic stability in mixed single- and multi-track networks. Unlike conventional approaches based on the Periodic Event Scheduling Problem (PESP), our model provides a detailed infrastructure representation with flexible routing and nuanced conflict resolution, enhancing adaptability to real-world constraints and facilitating practical implementation by operators. To ensure scalability, we integrate a Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT)-based approach, which efficiently narrows feasible cycle time bounds, enabling the model to handle large-scale networks. Validated on operational data from the Rhätische Bahn network—a Swiss railway with complex infrastructure—the microscopic model consistently yields lower minimal cycle times than its macroscopic counterpart. The comparative analysis also offers insights into the trade-offs between model detail, computational efficiency, and achievable cycle times across diverse operational scenarios. These findings underscore the importance of infrastructure abstraction and the careful consideration of operational and commercial interdependencies for optimal stability in complex railway networks.

本文提出了一种新的铁路调度微观模型，旨在最大限度地提高单线和多线混合网络的周期稳定性。与基于周期性事件调度问题（PESP）的传统方法不同，我们的模型提供了详细的基础设施表示，具有灵活的路由和细致的冲突解决方案，增强了对现实约束的适应性，并促进了运营商的实际实施。为了确保可扩展性，我们集成了基于可满足模理论（SMT）的方法，该方法有效地缩小了可行周期时间范围，使模型能够处理大规模网络。通过Rhätische Bahn网络（瑞士铁路，拥有复杂的基础设施）的运行数据验证，微观模型始终比宏观模型产生更低的最小周期时间。对比分析还提供了对模型细节、计算效率和不同操作场景下可实现周期时间之间的权衡的见解。这些发现强调了基础设施抽象和仔细考虑运营和商业相互依赖的重要性，以实现复杂铁路网的最佳稳定性。

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引用次数: 0

An iterative fragility-based approach to timetable design 基于迭代脆弱性的时间表设计方法

IF 2.7 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrtpm.2025.100554

Marta Leonina Tessitore , Marcella Samà , Giorgio Sartor , Carlo Mannino , Dario Pacciarelli

To proactively manage disturbances in railway systems, it is crucial to design robust timetables that can effectively absorb secondary delays. In practice, when route planners are tasked to produce a robust timetable, they usually start from an existing timetable and follow a complicated, iterative, and time-consuming trial-and-error process to build a new one. Given the increase in traffic demand, decision support systems are becoming essential to guide practitioners through this complex task. While several robustness measures have been proposed in the last few years, many overlook the impact of dispatching decisions on knock-on delays, limiting their real-world applicability. In this work, we introduce a fragility-based approach to timetable design, inspired by the concept of fragility recently proposed. Our approach focuses on identifying and addressing the most critical sections of the timetable to enhance the overall robustness. Specifically, we show how timetable fragility can be actually exploited by route planners to design new and more robust timetables. We propose a MILP model that aims to enhance timetable robustness by focusing on its most critical part. Considering real-life scenarios from a Norwegian railway line, our iterative approach demonstrates the ability to enhance timetable robustness, even when employing conservative strategies for potential improvements.

为了主动管理铁路系统中的干扰，设计能够有效吸收二次延误的鲁棒时间表至关重要。在实践中，当路线规划者的任务是制定一个健壮的时间表时，他们通常从现有的时间表开始，并遵循一个复杂的、迭代的、耗时的试错过程来建立一个新的时间表。鉴于交通需求的增加，决策支持系统对于指导从业者完成这项复杂的任务变得至关重要。虽然在过去几年中提出了一些鲁棒性措施，但许多措施忽略了调度决策对连锁延迟的影响，限制了它们在现实世界中的适用性。在这项工作中，我们引入了一种基于脆弱性的时间表设计方法，灵感来自于最近提出的脆弱性概念。我们的方法侧重于确定和处理时间表中最关键的部分，以增强整体稳健性。具体来说，我们展示了时间表的脆弱性如何被路线规划者利用来设计新的、更健壮的时间表。我们提出了一个MILP模型，旨在通过关注其最关键的部分来增强时间表的鲁棒性。考虑到挪威铁路线的现实场景，我们的迭代方法证明了增强时间表稳健性的能力，即使在使用保守策略进行潜在改进时也是如此。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of passenger management strategies within major railway terminals 评估主要铁路码头内的旅客管理策略

IF 2.7 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrtpm.2025.100540

Nattanon Luangboriboon , Marcella Samà , Andrea D’Ariano , Taku Fujiyama

This paper addresses the problem of passenger flow management in major public transport terminals by proposing a new modeling approach for passenger flows management. Currently, passenger management is done based on the experience of station managers, while existing models generally view the passenger flows as continuous. In contrast, this research proposes modeling the flows of passengers as discrete, according to the behavior of passengers in major transport terminals with non-fixed platform allocation. The problem is modeled as mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) inspired by the alternative graph (AG) model. The case study results show that the model can be used to assess and compare passenger management strategies, for instance, the morning peak case study results show that 578 s of conflict which occur in one strategy can be traded off with 78 s of total tardiness by applying a different strategy. This model can be used to support station managers in assessing complex situations before making management decisions.

本文针对主要公共交通枢纽的客流管理问题，提出了一种新的客流管理建模方法。目前，乘客管理是基于车站管理人员的经验来完成的，而现有的模型通常将客流视为连续的。与此相反，本研究根据非固定站台分配的主要运输终端的乘客行为，提出离散的乘客流建模。该问题采用可选图（AG）模型的混合整数线性规划（MILP）模型进行建模。案例研究结果表明，该模型可用于评价和比较乘客管理策略，例如，早高峰案例研究结果表明，采用一种策略发生的578秒的冲突可以通过采用不同的策略来换取78秒的总延误。该模型可用于支持车站管理人员在做出管理决策之前对复杂情况进行评估。

引用次数: 0

Conflict detection and resolution in IoT-Enabled railway systems using Petri nets 使用Petri网的物联网铁路系统中的冲突检测和解决

IF 2.7 Q3 TRANSPORTATION

Journal of Rail Transport Planning & Management

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrtpm.2025.100553

Steffi , Sunita Kumawat , Sakshi Gupta , Francesco Flammini

Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized sectors such as transportation through enabling smart, interdependent systems that propel operational efficiency, safety, and user experience. Integrating IoT devices, however, into complex systems, for instance, rail networks, exposes such systems to conflict, which negatively impacts performance, safety, and reliability. This paper explores the conflict detection and resolution for IoT-based railway systems using Petri nets, a formal modeling methodology famous for its ability to model and analyze dynamic systems. The current research delves into the inherent challenges of IoT-based railway systems, such as sensor data conflict, network congestion, and interoperability issues between systems. The current work then builds a framework in terms of Petri nets to define the system's components, interaction, and areas of conflict. By modeling the system processes, data flows, and dependencies with Petri nets, the paper identifies conflict scenarios and proposes resolution mechanisms to prevent risks. The key contribution of this paper is the application of Petri net to detect conflicts in real-time by analyzing the operational flow of the system. The paper also proposes a conflict resolution mechanism based on feedback loops and synchronization mechanisms in the Petri net model. By simulation, the research demonstrates that the envisioned framework improves the robustness and reliability of IoT-enabling railway systems while keeping up with effective operations despite the complexities of connecting diverse IoT devices. The paper contributes valuable inputs toward designing resilient IoT-enabled railway systems and establishes grounds for future study in conflict detection and resolution in complex dynamic systems.

物联网（IoT）通过启用智能、相互依赖的系统来提高运营效率、安全性和用户体验，从而彻底改变了交通等行业。然而，将物联网设备集成到复杂的系统（例如铁路网络）中，会使这些系统面临冲突，从而对性能、安全性和可靠性产生负面影响。本文使用Petri网探讨了基于物联网的铁路系统的冲突检测和解决方案，Petri网是一种以建模和分析动态系统的能力而闻名的正式建模方法。目前的研究深入探讨了基于物联网的铁路系统的固有挑战，如传感器数据冲突、网络拥塞和系统之间的互操作性问题。然后，当前的工作根据Petri网构建一个框架，以定义系统的组件、交互和冲突区域。通过对系统过程、数据流和依赖关系进行Petri网建模，本文确定了冲突场景，并提出了防范风险的解决机制。本文的主要贡献是通过分析系统的操作流程，将Petri网应用于实时冲突检测。在Petri网模型中提出了一种基于反馈回路和同步机制的冲突解决机制。通过仿真，研究表明，设想的框架提高了支持物联网的铁路系统的鲁棒性和可靠性，同时在连接各种物联网设备的复杂性下保持有效运营。本文为设计具有弹性的物联网铁路系统提供了宝贵的投入，并为未来在复杂动态系统中进行冲突检测和解决的研究奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0