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The role of traditional leadership in disaster management and disaster risk governance: A case of Ugu District Municipality by-laws 传统领导在灾害管理和灾害风险治理中的作用:以乌固区市章程为例
IF 1.4 Q2 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2019-10-14 DOI: 10.4102/jamba.v11i1.802
Nonhlanhla A. Zamisa, Sybert Mutereko
Section 151(2) of the Constitution empowers municipalities in South Africa to pass disaster management-related by-laws. Such by-laws should be specific on the role of traditional leaders, owing to their authority and proximity to the people coupled with their constitutional mandate to preserve customs and traditions. However, their role is often not maximised because of vague and inadequate policies. There has been little or no scholarly attention to the role of traditional leadership and the policy and legal framework that guide their participation in disaster risk management. Employing a comprehensive content analysis of Ugu District Municipality Disaster Management By-law, this article assesses the adequacy of these by-laws on disaster risk governance in the context of collaboration disaster risk reduction. While the Ugu District Municipality Disaster Management By-law provides for the participation of traditional leadership, this study reveals that it is fraught with ambiguities and seemingly vague clauses. For instance, although in Article 5.1.1 the word ‘authorities’ is used, it is not clear whether this refers to traditional leadership or other entities at the local level. In addition, the composition of the Disaster Management Advisory Forum in Ugu does not explicitly include AmaKhosi. While these results add to the rapidly expanding field of disaster risk management, they also suggest several courses of action for policymakers at local government. Such actions might include, but not limited to, a review of the by-laws to address the lack of collaborative essence relative to traditional leaders for optimal disaster risk reduction initiatives targeting traditional communities.
《宪法》第151(2)条授权南非市政当局通过与灾害管理有关的细则。这种细则应具体规定传统领导人的作用,因为他们的权威和接近人民,再加上宪法赋予他们维护习俗和传统的任务。然而,由于政策模糊和不充分,它们的作用往往没有得到最大限度的发挥。学术界很少或根本没有关注传统领导的作用以及指导他们参与灾害风险管理的政策和法律框架。本文通过对《乌固区市灾害管理细则》的全面内容分析,评估了乌固区市灾害风险治理细则在协同减灾背景下的充分性。虽然《乌古区市灾害管理章程》规定了传统领导的参与,但本研究表明,它充满了含糊不清和看似含糊的条款。例如,尽管在第5.1.1条中使用了“当局”一词,但并不清楚这是指传统的领导还是指地方一级的其他实体。此外,灾害管理咨询论坛在乌古的组成没有明确包括AmaKhosi。虽然这些结果增加了迅速扩大的灾害风险管理领域,但它们也为地方政府的政策制定者提出了一些行动方案。这些行动可能包括,但不限于,对章程进行审查,以解决相对于传统领导者而言缺乏协作本质的问题,以实现针对传统社区的最佳灾害风险减少计划。
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引用次数: 4
The contribution of small-scale rural irrigation schemes towards food security of smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe 小型农村灌溉计划对津巴布韦小农户粮食安全的贡献
IF 1.4 Q2 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2019-10-09 DOI: 10.4102/jamba.v11i1.674
Smart Mhembwe, Newman Chiunya, Ernest Dube
Smallholder farmers across Zimbabwe have been facing a problem of food insecurity because of climate-induced droughts and lack of effective use of irrigation schemes. Rainfall patterns in the country have become more unpredictable and inconsistent with the traditional farming seasons. Faced with such challenges, many smallholder farmers in Shurugwi district in the Midlands province of Zimbabwe adopted small-scale irrigation schemes to improve food security. The principal objectives of this study were to examine the status of the irrigation schemes in the district; analyse the need to rehabilitate small-scale irrigation schemes; assess the initiatives towards the revival of irrigation schemes; establish the benefits that can accrue to smallholder farmers from small-scale irrigation schemes and discuss challenges faced by smallholder farmers in the running of small-scale irrigation schemes in rural areas. This qualitative study employed literature and interviews to obtain data from 40 purposively selected participants. The direct observation method was used to compliment the interviews. The findings of the study were that small-scale rural irrigation schemes have the capacity to significantly transform the lives of rural farmers through earning increased reliable income from farming if institutional and capacity issues of the farmers are addressed. Furthermore, the study found that small-scale irrigation schemes can also be a panacea to food security challenges mainly faced by rural households. As such, the article concluded that irrigation schemes are fortress and antidote to the effects of climate change. The study calls for capacity promotion on technical skills for the farmers, the establishment of many new irrigation schemes and the rehabilitation of the existing small-scale irrigation schemes in the country as well as calling on the farmers to adopt climate-smart irrigation.
由于气候引发的干旱和缺乏有效利用灌溉计划,津巴布韦各地的小农户一直面临着粮食不安全问题。该国的降雨模式变得更加不可预测,与传统的农业季节不一致。面对这些挑战,津巴布韦米德兰省Shurugwi区的许多小农户采取了小规模灌溉计划来改善粮食安全。这项研究的主要目的是检查该地区灌溉计划的状况;分析恢复小规模灌溉计划的必要性;评估恢复灌溉计划的举措;确定小规模灌溉计划可以给小农户带来的好处,并讨论小农户在农村地区实施小规模灌溉方案时面临的挑战。这项定性研究采用文献和访谈的方法,从40名有目的的参与者中获得数据。直接观察的方法被用来赞美访谈。研究结果表明,如果农民的制度和能力问题得到解决,小型农村灌溉计划有能力通过增加可靠的农业收入,显著改变农村农民的生活。此外,研究发现,小规模灌溉计划也可以成为解决主要由农村家庭面临的粮食安全挑战的灵丹妙药。因此,文章得出结论,灌溉计划是抵御气候变化影响的堡垒和解药。该研究呼吁提高农民的技术技能能力,制定许多新的灌溉计划,恢复该国现有的小规模灌溉计划,并呼吁农民采用气候智能灌溉。
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引用次数: 15
Accessing seasonal weather forecasts and drought prediction information for rural households in Chirumhanzu district, Zimbabwe 访问津巴布韦Chirumhanzu区农村家庭的季节性天气预报和干旱预测信息
IF 1.4 Q2 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2019-10-07 DOI: 10.4102/jamba.v11i1.777
M. S. Grey
Seasonal weather forecasts and drought hazard prediction through media sources and indigenous knowledge help provide an understanding of early warning systems and the preferred source information by rural households. This article focuses on the investigation of households’ access to weather forecasts and drought hazard prediction information as early warning to reduce drought risk on livelihood activities. The study was carried out in Chirumhanzu district, and the methods used for data collection included 217 household surveys, six focus group discussions, key informants’ interviews and document review. The study found that the majority of the households in the study area had access to seasonal weather forecast information (scientific), which almost half of the respondents received through radios. However, vulnerability to climate risks was exacerbated by seasonal weather forecasts, which were deemed by some households to be unreliable, inaccurate and not easily understood. In this regard, some households used indigenous knowledge to inform them on the status of the incoming rainy season and drought prediction. The use of indigenous knowledge depended on individuals’ ability to read and decode natural indicators of seasonal weather forecast and drought prediction. Indigenous knowledge is valuable for climate science as it enhances observations and interpretations on a larger spatial scale with considerable temporal depth by highlighting elements that are measured by climate science. Both scientific weather information and indigenous knowledge are important for seasonal weather forecasting and drought prediction, especially in rural settings, and complement each other if used and availed timely to households.
通过媒体来源和当地知识进行的季节性天气预报和干旱危害预测有助于了解预警系统和农村家庭首选的来源信息。本文重点调查了家庭获得天气预报和干旱危害预测信息的情况,以此作为预警,以降低干旱对生计活动的风险。这项研究在Chirumhanzu区进行,数据收集方法包括217项家庭调查、6次焦点小组讨论、关键信息提供者访谈和文件审查。研究发现,研究地区的大多数家庭都可以获得季节性天气预报信息(科学),几乎一半的受访者通过无线电收到这些信息。然而,季节性天气预报加剧了气候风险的脆弱性,一些家庭认为这些预报不可靠、不准确且不容易理解。在这方面,一些家庭利用土著知识向他们介绍即将到来的雨季和干旱预测的情况。土著知识的使用取决于个人阅读和解码季节性天气预报和干旱预测的自然指标的能力。土著知识对气候科学很有价值,因为它通过突出气候科学测量的元素,在更大的空间尺度上增强了观测和解释,具有相当大的时间深度。科学的天气信息和本土知识对于季节性天气预报和干旱预测都很重要,尤其是在农村地区,如果及时使用和提供给家庭,它们是相辅相成的。
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引用次数: 7
Monitoring droughts in Eswatini: A spatiotemporal variability analysis using the Standard Precipitation Index 施瓦蒂尼干旱监测:基于标准降水指数的时空变异性分析
IF 1.4 Q2 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2019-10-03 DOI: 10.4102/jamba.v11i1.725
Daniel H Mlenga, A. Jordaan, Brian Mandebvu
The spatiotemporal analysis of drought is of great importance to Eswatini as the country has been facing recurring droughts with negative impacts on agriculture, environment and economy. In 2016, the country experienced the most severe drought in over 35 years resulting in food shortages, drying up of rivers as well as livestock deaths. The frequent occurrence of extreme drought events makes the use of drought indices essential for drought monitoring, early warning and planning. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the applicability of the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) for near real-time and retrospective drought monitoring in Eswatini. The 3-, 6- and 12-month SPI were computed to analyse severity and onset of meteorological drought between 1986 and 2017. The results indicated that the climate of Eswatini exhibits geospatial and temporal variability. Droughts intensified in terms of frequency, severity and geospatial coverage, with the worst drought years being 1985–1986, 2005–2006 and 2015–2016 agricultural seasons. Moderate droughts were the most prevalent, while the frequency of severe and very severe droughts was low. Most parts of the country were vulnerable to mild and moderate agricultural droughts. Spatial analysis showed that the most severe and extreme droughts were mostly experienced in the Lowveld and Middleveld agro-ecological zones. The 3-, 6- and 12-month SPI computations conducted in January detected the onset of early season drought, thereby affirming the applicability of the index for monitoring near real-time and retrospective droughts in Eswatini. Drought monitoring using SPI provides information for early warning, particularly in drought-prone areas, by depicting a drought before the effects have begun to be felt.
干旱的时空分析对斯威士兰来说非常重要,因为该国一直面临着对农业、环境和经济产生负面影响的反复干旱。2016年,该国经历了35年来最严重的干旱,导致粮食短缺、河流干涸以及牲畜死亡。极端干旱事件的频繁发生使得干旱指数的使用对于干旱监测、预警和规划至关重要。因此,本研究的目的是评估标准降水指数(SPI)在斯威士兰近实时和回顾性干旱监测中的适用性。计算了3个月、6个月和12个月的SPI,以分析1986年至2017年间气象干旱的严重程度和发生情况。结果表明,斯威士兰的气候具有地理空间和时间变异性。干旱在频率、严重程度和地理空间覆盖率方面加剧,最严重的干旱年份是1985-1986年、2005-2006年和2015-2016年的农业季节。中度干旱最为普遍,而严重和非常严重干旱的频率较低。该国大部分地区易受轻度和中度农业干旱的影响。空间分析表明,最严重和极端的干旱大多发生在Lowveld和Middleveld农业生态区。1月份进行的3个月、6个月和12个月SPI计算发现了早季干旱的开始,从而证实了该指数在斯威士兰监测近实时和回顾性干旱方面的适用性。使用SPI的干旱监测通过在影响开始显现之前描述干旱情况,为早期预警提供信息,特别是在干旱易发地区。
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引用次数: 0
Estimating damage costs of flooding on small- and medium-sized enterprises in Kigali, Rwanda 估计洪水对卢旺达基加利中小企业造成的损失
IF 1.4 Q2 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2019-09-18 DOI: 10.4102/jamba.v11i1.755
A. Tsinda, C. Kind, Janto S. Hess, R. Mugisha, A. Bizoza
In the past, Kigali has frequently experienced heavy rain events. These have often led to flooding, which also affected businesses. In the face of climate change, such events can become more frequent and can threaten economic development. To determine if more action is needed to protect businesses from flooding, we assessed how many businesses have suffered damages from floods in certain years in a certain area of Kigali. We also gathered information on how businesses were affected, how they are preparing for flooding and what support they are seeking. We developed and piloted a survey, a standardised questionnaire for gathering information on the relevance of flooding for businesses. The survey was then conducted among 350 businesses in Kigali asking business owners about their experiences with flooding in recent years. Eighty-one per cent of businesses have been affected by floods in 2013 and 2014. The annual damage costs resemble 22% of the total net profit of the businesses in the area. The most common damages were damages to goods that were to be sold and damages to buildings. The extent of past flood damages warrants action on flood risk management, both by businesses and citizens, as well as by city officials. Suitable actions range from increasing awareness about suitable protection measures to upgrading the sewage system.
过去,基加利经常发生暴雨事件。这些经常导致洪水泛滥,也影响了企业。面对气候变化,此类事件可能会变得更加频繁,并威胁到经济发展。为了确定是否需要采取更多行动来保护企业免受洪水侵袭,我们评估了基加利某个地区在特定年份有多少企业遭受洪水破坏。我们还收集了有关企业如何受到影响、他们如何为洪水做准备以及他们正在寻求什么支持的信息。我们开发并试行了一项调查,这是一项标准化问卷,用于收集洪水对企业相关性的信息。随后,这项调查在基加利的350家企业中进行,询问企业主近年来遭遇洪水的经历。81%的企业在2013年和2014年受到洪水的影响。每年的损失成本相当于该地区企业总净利润的22%。最常见的损害是对将要出售的货物的损害和对建筑物的损害。过去洪水造成的损失程度值得企业和公民以及市政府官员采取行动进行洪水风险管理。适当的行动包括提高对适当保护措施的认识,以及改善污水处理系统。
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引用次数: 5
Flood vulnerability level analysis as a hydrological disaster mitigation effort in Krueng Jreue Sub-Watershed, Aceh Besar, Indonesia 印度尼西亚亚齐贝萨尔Krueng Jreue小流域洪水脆弱性水平分析作为水文减灾工作
IF 1.4 Q2 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2019-09-12 DOI: 10.4102/jamba.v11i1.737
H. Helmi, H. Basri, S. Sufardi, H. Helmi
The flood phenomenon in the Krueng Jreue Sub-Watershed, Aceh Besar, Indonesia, in recent years indicates biophysical damage to the land. Floods are influenced by factors from biophysical conditions of the land and high rainfall with small river cross-sectional capacity causing water to overflow the embankment and flood low areas. This research aims to analyse the flood vulnerability level in the Krueng Jreue Sub-Watershed, Aceh Besar, Indonesia. The results showed that flood vulnerability in the research area consisted of four classes: very vulnerable, vulnerable, moderately vulnerable and somewhat vulnerable, with each area averaging a score of 43.0, 38.8, 30.0 and 21.7. Types of land use that are particularly vulnerable to flooding are rice fields with a mean total score of 43.0. The vulnerable classes are found in settlements and moorings, with a total score of 42.0 and 36.5, respectively. While open land, shrubs, grasslands, primary forests and secondary forests are quite vulnerable to flooding, with a mean total score of 32.5 each: 30.0, 30.0, 28.0 and 27.0. The main components affecting flood vulnerability are rainfall, temperature and land use, while additional components are soil infiltration and slope. Mechanised hydrological disaster mitigation can be performed through optimisation of weir, embung, rorak and check-dam. Vegetative hydrological mitigation efforts can be performed by reforestation and agroforestry systems, maps and flood prediction. Non-technically, hydrological disaster mitigation efforts can be undertaken with legal policies, law enforcement, map creation and prediction of droughts and socialisation of legislation.
近年来,印度尼西亚亚齐贝萨尔Krueng Jreue小流域的洪水现象表明土地受到了生物物理破坏。洪水受到土地生物物理条件和高降雨量等因素的影响,而河流横截面积较小,导致水漫过路堤和低洪区。本研究旨在分析印度尼西亚亚齐贝萨尔Krueng Jreue小流域的洪水脆弱性水平。结果表明,研究区的洪水脆弱性分为四类:非常脆弱、脆弱、中等脆弱和有点脆弱,每个区域的平均得分分别为43.0、38.8、30.0和21.7。特别容易受到洪水影响的土地利用类型是稻田,平均总分为43.0。弱势群体分布在定居点和系泊处,总分分别为42.0分和36.5分。开阔地、灌木、草原、原始森林和次生林非常容易受到洪水的影响,平均总分分别为32.5:30.0、30.0、28.0和27.0。影响洪水脆弱性的主要因素是降雨量、温度和土地利用,而其他因素是土壤渗透和坡度。可以通过优化堰、embung、rorak和淤塞坝来实现机械化水文减灾。植被水文缓解工作可以通过重新造林和农林系统、地图和洪水预测来进行。非技术性的水文减灾工作可以通过法律政策、执法、地图创建和干旱预测以及立法的社会化来进行。
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引用次数: 7
How to improve public participation in disaster risk management: A case study of Buein Zahra, a small city in Iran 如何提高公众对灾害风险管理的参与度——以伊朗小城市布埃因·扎赫拉为例
IF 1.4 Q2 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2019-08-26 DOI: 10.4102/jamba.v11i1.741
M. Valibeigi, M. Feshari, F. Zivari, A. Motamedi
Identifying and providing basic solutions using a collaborative approach in earthquake-stricken cities of Iran has not yet been addressed. This article focuses on an area of practice and views disaster risk management from the point of view of volunteer groups to illustrate how the main components of disaster risk management affect the strengthening of public participation. In this article, Buein Zahra, a small city in Iran, is considered as a high-risk earthquake zone. The basic components of risk management are identified, namely public awareness, knowledge, skills, enabling environment, organisational development and social participation. An assessment of these indicators was done, and multidimensional relationships were established between them to enable an increase in the capacity for public participation. Accordingly, the results indicate that a mere increase in public awareness and knowledge, as seen today, and an improvement in enabling environment, although affecting disaster risk reduction, cannot by themselves lead to real public participation. Organisational development and strengthening of crisis coping skills are two key components to improving participation during crises in the small cities of Iran. According to the results of this study, institutional capacity and unreal political commitment have caused inefficiency of public participation in earthquake preparedness.
在伊朗遭受地震袭击的城市采用合作方式确定和提供基本解决方案的问题尚未得到解决。本文关注一个实践领域,并从志愿者团体的角度看待灾害风险管理,以说明灾害风险管理的主要组成部分如何影响加强公众参与。在这篇文章中,伊朗的一个小城市Buein Zahra被认为是一个高风险的地震区。确定了风险管理的基本组成部分,即公众意识、知识、技能、有利环境、组织发展和社会参与。对这些指标进行了评估,并在它们之间建立了多层面的关系,以提高公众参与的能力。因此,研究结果表明,正如今天所看到的那样,仅仅提高公众意识和知识,改善有利的环境,尽管影响到减少灾害风险,但其本身并不能导致真正的公众参与。组织发展和加强危机应对技能是提高伊朗小城市危机参与度的两个关键组成部分。根据本研究的结果,制度能力和不真实的政治承诺导致了公众参与防震工作的效率低下。
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引用次数: 12
Private water distribution as a potential everyday risk: The case of Goba, Dar es Salaam 私人配水是一种潜在的日常风险:以达累斯萨拉姆戈巴为例
IF 1.4 Q2 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2019-08-21 DOI: 10.4102/jamba.v11i1.775
Tumpale Sakijege
A large number of peri-urban settlements in developing countries, including Goba in Tanzania, fall short of government supplied water. The inability of the Government to budget and prioritise its budget poses a serious problem to meet the water demand, a few residents in peri-urban settlements use other sources of water, including groundwater. However, the quality and suitability safety of such groundwater are questionable. This research of Goba settlement was undertaken to explore the reality of what happens and how problems can be resolved. The research methodology deployed in-depth interviews, physical observations, photographing and mapping and analysing and testing various water samples in a laboratory. From the study several conclusions could be drawn: most of the current laws relating to groundwater and sanitation were violated, the distribution of water to neighbours compounded problems. The major diseases typhoid, diarrhoea and dysentery were common. People themselves can take the necessary precaution by the choice of locating waste water so that it does not contaminate, boiling drinking water, etc. The devolution of the power from the Central Government and Ministries to District and down to the wards would go a long way to bring public/private partnership to be meaningful. The evidence from Goba points to the prevailing situation and what could be done to bring improvements.
发展中国家的大量城郊住区,包括坦桑尼亚的戈巴,缺乏政府提供的水。政府没有能力编制预算和确定预算的优先次序,这对满足用水需求造成了严重的问题,城郊住区的少数居民使用其他水源,包括地下水。然而,这种地下水的质量和适宜性安全性存在问题。对戈巴定居点进行的这项研究是为了探索发生的现实情况以及如何解决问题。研究方法包括深入访谈、物理观察、拍照和绘图以及在实验室分析和测试各种水样。从这项研究可以得出几项结论:有关地下水和卫生的现行法律大多数都遭到违反,向邻居分配水使问题复杂化。主要疾病有伤寒、腹泻和痢疾。人们自己可以采取必要的预防措施,选择废水的位置,使其不污染,煮沸饮用水等。将权力从中央政府和各部委下放到地区,再下放到各区,将在很大程度上使公私伙伴关系变得有意义。来自戈巴岛的证据指出了目前的局势以及可以采取哪些措施加以改善。
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引用次数: 4
Training on modified model of programme for enhancement of emergency response flood preparedness based on the local wisdom of Jambi community 培训基于占碑社区当地智慧的改进方案模式,以加强应急防洪准备
IF 1.4 Q2 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2019-08-20 DOI: 10.4102/jamba.v11i1.801
Andi Subandi, S. Alim, Fitri Haryanti, Y. Prabandari
The community’s role during a disaster within the first 24–72 hours before having government’s aid is crucial in making the condition under control in a timely manner. Disaster management institution, especially at local level, has not had any models for flood preparedness training through participative approach based on the local wisdom of Jambi community to reduce disaster risks. This study tries to evaluate the effectiveness of training programme for flood preparedness based on the local wisdom designed for Jambi community, Indonesia. This research is an experimental study with pre- and post-test control design, in-class training followed by field practice and evaluated using three components: pre-test and post-test evaluations (score scale: 0–100), skill observation during disaster training (score scale: 1–4). The participants consisted of 24 local people chosen from the disaster-prone area; all participated in the disaster training. The score of pre- and post-test evaluations indicates improved post-test result with 71.4 (p < 0.005). There was also a skill improvement in the final simulation with 75% excellent score using model modification of programme for enhancement of emergency responses based on the local wisdom. This study completely evaluates the effectiveness of training for flood preparedness based on the local wisdom to improve the knowledge, ability and skill of people in disaster-prone areas.
在获得政府援助之前的24-72小时内,社区在灾难中发挥的作用对于及时控制局势至关重要。灾害管理机构,特别是地方一级的灾害管理机构,还没有任何模式,可以通过基于占碑社区当地智慧的参与式方法进行防汛培训,以减少灾害风险。本研究试图评估为印度尼西亚Jambi社区设计的基于当地智慧的防洪培训方案的有效性。本研究采用测试前和测试后对照设计,课堂训练后进行现场实践,采用测试前和测试后评估(评分范围:0-100)和灾难训练中的技能观察(评分范围:1-4)三部分进行评估。参与者由24名从灾害多发地区选出的当地人组成;所有人都参加了救灾训练。测试前和测试后的评价得分为71.4分,改善了测试后的结果(p < 0.005)。在最后的模拟中,使用基于当地智慧的增强应急响应方案的模型修改,也有75%的优秀分数的技能提高。本研究全面评估了基于地方智慧的防汛培训的有效性,以提高灾害易发地区人民的知识、能力和技能。
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引用次数: 5
Small business success: Identifying safety hazards and safety risks 小企业成功:识别安全隐患和安全风险
IF 1.4 Q2 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2019-08-19 DOI: 10.4102/jamba.v11i1.767
Elriza Esterhuyzen, Leonie B Louw
The establishment and growth of the small businesses in South Africa is of vital importance for economic stability and progress in the economy. A key small business management skill comprises occupational health and safety management, with particular reference to the proper identification of safety hazards and safety risks. This conceptual article set out to identify current perceptions about the concepts of safety, safety risks and safety hazards in the workplace while also identifying and analysing misconceptions regarding safety hazards. This article reports on a secondary data analysis of relevant literature on safety hazards and safety risk and the role thereof on small business success. The structure and functioning of the interrelated characteristics of safety hazards were visualised, with the objective of allowing small business owners or managers to understand how safety hazards contribute to safety risks. Proper identification of safety hazards and safety risks, along with adequate protection measures, allows for improved productivity and a reduction in operational costs. Safety hazards in the workplace, encompassing the functional and structural characteristics, such as humans and machinery, should be noted by small business owners, as applicable to all types of businesses. This article may serve as a catalyst for small business success through growth and sustainability by implementing enhanced safety management practices based on an accurate identification and analysis of safety hazards and safety risks. It allows for the identification and proactive mitigation of safety hazards and safety risks in all types of small businesses.
南非小企业的建立和发展对经济稳定和经济发展至关重要。小型企业的一项关键管理技能包括职业健康和安全管理,特别是正确识别安全危害和安全风险。这篇概念性文章旨在确定当前对工作场所安全、安全风险和安全危害概念的看法,同时也识别和分析有关安全危害的误解。本文对安全隐患和安全风险及其对小企业成功的作用的相关文献进行了二次数据分析。将安全危害相关特征的结构和功能可视化,目的是让小企业主或管理人员了解安全危害如何导致安全风险。正确识别安全隐患和安全风险,以及适当的保护措施,可以提高生产率并降低运营成本。小企业主应注意工作场所的安全危害,包括功能和结构特征,如人员和机器,这适用于所有类型的企业。本文可以作为小型企业通过增长和可持续发展的催化剂,通过实施基于安全危害和安全风险的准确识别和分析的增强安全管理实践来取得成功。它允许在所有类型的小型企业中识别和主动减轻安全隐患和安全风险。
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引用次数: 2
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Jamba-Journal of Disaster Risk Studies
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