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Reflection on the Dangers of 'Cultural Racism' in Intercultural Education 对跨文化教育中“文化种族主义”危害的反思
IF 4.5 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-01-15 DOI: 10.7821/naer.2020.1.534
Z. Bekerman
This paper assesses the dangers of the use of the concept ‘culture’ in present political and educational rhetoric. The first section offers a critique of the use of the term ‘culture’ in the so-called intercultural educational efforts. It asserts that ‘culture’ in its present use is a proxy for ‘race’ and supports views, which ignore diversity and suggest, purposely or not, an homogeneity which can easily spread into the sphere of biological resemblances and differences. The paper, then, identifies possible alternative understandings of culture through the examination of the contribution of anthropology to cultural research. In the last section of the paper suggestions are made to overcome current approaches to intercultural education through a call to diversify the understanding of diversity to include not only ethnic/cultural differences but also, physical, and cognitive ones. To achieve this goal a turn to the ontological and the training of teachers as ‘critical experts of design’ is suggested.
本文评估了在当前政治和教育修辞中使用“文化”概念的危险。第一部分对所谓的跨文化教育努力中“文化”一词的使用进行了批判。它断言,“文化”目前的用法是“种族”的代表,并支持忽视多样性的观点,有意或无意地暗示一种同质性,这种同质性很容易蔓延到生物相似性和差异性的领域。然后,本文通过考察人类学对文化研究的贡献,确定了对文化的可能的其他理解。在论文的最后一部分,我们提出了一些建议,通过呼吁多样化对多样性的理解来克服当前的跨文化教育方法,不仅包括种族/文化差异,还包括身体和认知差异。为了实现这一目标,建议转向本体论,并将教师培训为“设计的关键专家”。
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引用次数: 6
Measuring Intercultural Learning through CLIL 通过CLIL测量跨文化学习
IF 4.5 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-01-15 DOI: 10.7821/naer.2020.1.457
María Elena Gómez Parra
CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) —endorsed by the European Commission since 1996— constitutes the official approach to bilingual education in Spain. Intercultural learning (IL) is one of the four defining Cs in CLIL, though the literature has consistently described it as the weakest implementation area. This paper analyses the opinions of 76 Spanish secondary education students about IL through their bilingual curriculum. Their viewpoints clearly suggest that IL comes from two main sources: native assistants; and exchange programmes. These data were contrasted with the views of school principals and bilingual coordinators, who declared that both of these valuable ‘resources’ for IL are scarce due to administrative difficulties and lack of budget. Our conclusions reveal how improving these areas can lead not only to improved scores but also to a better implementation of the intercultural axis in CLIL, if the goal consists in educating 21st century citizens.
CLIL(内容和语言综合学习)自1996年以来得到欧盟委员会的认可,构成了西班牙双语教育的官方方法。跨文化学习(IL)是CLIL的四个定义c之一,尽管文献一直将其描述为最薄弱的实施领域。本文分析了76名西班牙中学学生在双语课程中对外语学习的看法。他们的观点清楚地表明,IL来自两个主要来源:本地助手;还有交流项目。这些数据与学校校长和双语协调员的观点形成鲜明对比,他们宣称,由于行政困难和缺乏预算,这两种宝贵的外语“资源”都很稀缺。我们的结论表明,如果CLIL的目标是教育21世纪的公民,那么改善这些领域不仅可以提高分数,还可以更好地实施CLIL中的跨文化轴。
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引用次数: 17
Does Mathematical Anxiety Differ Cross-Culturally? 数学焦虑在不同文化中存在差异吗?
IF 4.5 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-01-15 DOI: 10.7821/naer.2020.1.464
Jennifer L. Brown, Myriam Ortiz-Padilla, Roberto Soto-Varela
Mathematics constitutes a foundation in the training of engineering students because their competence in this reasoning will be utilised as a tool for the resolution of real problems when inserted in the productive sector and throughout their professional life. The purpose of this causal comparative research study was to determine the difference in learning math anxiety and math evaluation anxiety for engineering students at two universities with different cultural backgrounds. The sample included 20 engineering students from the south-eastern United States and 88 engineering students from Colombia. The English and Spanish version of the AMAS, which contained nine items was divided into two subscales, used to collect data. A series of two-way factorial ANOVAs were conducted to answer the research questions that are related to cultural background, gender and the interaction effect between cultural group and gender. The results indicated there was a statistically significant difference in learning maths anxiety when comparing the two cultures.
数学是培养工程专业学生的基础,因为他们在数学推理方面的能力将被用作解决实际问题的工具,当这些问题被应用到生产部门和他们的职业生涯中。本研究旨在探讨不同文化背景的两所大学工科学生在数学学习焦虑和数学评价焦虑方面的差异。样本包括来自美国东南部的20名工科学生和来自哥伦比亚的88名工科学生。AMAS的英语和西班牙语版本包含9个项目,分为两个子量表,用于收集数据。对文化背景、性别、文化群体与性别的互动效应等研究问题进行了一系列的双向因子方差分析。结果表明,两种文化在学习数学焦虑方面存在显著差异。
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引用次数: 14
Employability Skills of Unaccompanied Immigrant Minors in Canary Islands 加那利群岛无人陪伴未成年移民的就业技能
IF 4.5 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-01-15 DOI: 10.7821/naer.2020.1.433
Estefanía Alonso-Bello, Lidia E. Santana-Vega, Luis Feliciano-García
Young unaccompanied immigrants have various problems in their professional careers which lead to situations of exclusion and hinder their emancipation. The development and consolidation of employment skills is a necessary condition for the labour integration of this group. This research analyzes the employability skills of unaccompanied young immigrants who must leave the public social protection system when they reach the age of majority. A multiple case study was conducted. The cases were selected: 1) having been in residential care institutions, 2) having been in a job placement program, and 3) are 16-18 years of age. The study data were collected using qualitative and quantitative techniques. Results show that young immigrants have: a) language and socio-emotional difficulties that limit their chances of employability; b) some employability skills that facilitate labour insertion, and c) families which act as a powerful motivator for achieving their goals. We discuss the need to design individual transition plans to help young immigrants overcome their limitations, cope with the transition to adulthood and consolidate their career paths.
举目无亲的年轻移民在其职业生涯中存在各种问题,导致被排斥的情况,阻碍了他们的解放。发展和巩固就业技能是这一群体劳动一体化的必要条件。本研究分析了无陪伴青年移民的就业能力技能,这些移民在达到成年年龄时必须离开公共社会保护体系。进行了多案例研究。所选个案为:1)曾住在寄宿照护机构;2)曾参加就业安置计划;3)年龄在16-18岁之间。采用定性和定量技术收集研究数据。结果表明,年轻移民有:a)语言和社会情感障碍,限制了他们的就业机会;B)一些促进劳动力插入的就业技能,c)家庭是实现其目标的强大动力。我们讨论了设计个人过渡计划的必要性,以帮助年轻移民克服他们的局限性,应对向成年的过渡,巩固他们的职业道路。
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引用次数: 10
Student Voice and Participation in Intercultural Education 学生声音与跨文化教育的参与
IF 4.5 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-01-15 DOI: 10.7821/naer.2020.1.458
A. Caetano, I. Freire, Elsa Biscaia Machado
This paper presents a multi-case study in the field of intercultural education and it refers to a project named “Voice of children and young people in the development of intercultural education”. The cases are critical action-research projects developed with three groups of middle and high school students. They participated in dialogic processes and shared leadership with their teachers. They co-designed projects, debated and became aware of critical issues related to cultural diversity in their educational communities. The purpose of the research is to analyze participatory processes and associated changes in relation to intercultural education and students’ voice frameworks. Personal changes of the students, such as self-awareness and attention to others and to relationships, and group changes such as cohesion, were underlined, as well as changes extended to other actors —teachers, other students, staff, tutors, and other members of the community— creating collaborative relationships, solidarity, and mutual recognition. There were visible changes during the most active period in which projects were held, but sometimes impacts still endured and deepened afterwards. This stresses the relevance of youngsters’ participatory projects engaged in intercultural processes and change.
本文介绍了跨文化教育领域的多案例研究,它涉及一个名为“跨文化教育发展中的儿童和青少年之声”的项目。这些案例是与三组初中生和高中生一起开发的关键行动研究项目。他们参与对话进程,并与老师分享领导权。他们共同设计项目,讨论并意识到与教育社区文化多样性相关的关键问题。本研究的目的是分析与跨文化教育和学生声音框架相关的参与性过程和相关变化。学生的个人改变,例如自我意识和对他人和人际关系的关注,以及群体的改变,例如凝聚力,以及扩展到其他参与者(教师、其他学生、教职员、导师和社区其他成员)的变化,创造了合作关系、团结和相互认可。在举办项目的最活跃时期,有明显的变化,但有时影响仍然存在并加深。这强调了年轻人参与跨文化进程和变革的项目的相关性。
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引用次数: 12
The Smartphone as a Pedagogic Tool. Student Profiles as related to its Use and Knowledge 智能手机作为教学工具。学生档案的相关使用和知识
IF 4.5 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-01-15 DOI: 10.7821/naer.2020.1.454
Irina Salcines-Talledo, Natalia González-Fernández, E. Briones
The Smartphone has become the device that offers the greatest number of possibilities to Mobile Learning dynamics, and university students are increasingly optimizing its potential. This research offers a classification of student profiles according to their knowledge and use of Smartphones, and analyzes their relationship between their interest towards training, the perceived academic benefits and the time spent using the device as a pedagogic resource. For this, through a quantitative methodology, a cluster analysis was conducted, which allowed for the defining of student profiles, and through non-parametric tests, the significance was analyzed with respect to their interest in training, the academic benefits perceived, and the time spent using the Smartphone. The results showed the existence of three profiles, namely: High degree of knowledge and academic use of the Smartphone; Average degree of knowledge and use of the Smartphone; and Low degree of knowledge and use of the Smartphone. Also, differences between the profiles were found in the time spent using it, the benefits perceived and the interest for being trained on the academic use of the Smartphone. The students with the Low profile were the ones that detected the least number of positive aspects and had the least interest in training towards this aim.
智能手机已经成为为移动学习动态提供最大可能性的设备,大学生们正在越来越多地优化其潜力。这项研究根据学生对智能手机的了解和使用情况对他们的个人资料进行了分类,并分析了他们对培训的兴趣、感知到的学术利益和将该设备用作教学资源的时间之间的关系。为此,通过定量方法进行了聚类分析,从而确定了学生的个人资料,并通过非参数测试,分析了他们对培训的兴趣、所感知的学术利益和使用智能手机的时间的显著性。研究结果表明,智能手机存在三个方面的特征,即:智能手机的知识和学术使用程度高;智能手机的平均知识和使用程度;以及对智能手机的了解和使用程度低。此外,在使用智能手机的时间、感知到的好处以及接受智能手机学术使用培训的兴趣方面,也发现了个人资料之间的差异。低调的学生是那些发现积极方面最少、对实现这一目标的培训最不感兴趣的学生。
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引用次数: 18
Designing Pedagogical Practices for Teaching in Educational Spaces Culturally and Linguistically Diverse 在文化和语言多样化的教育空间中设计教学实践
IF 4.5 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-01-15 DOI: 10.7821/naer.2020.1.480
Dolly Eliyahu-Levi, Michal Ganz-Meishar
Israel is a multi-cultural migration country and its education system face the challenges of equality and inclusion. This is comparative qualitative research based on a model that evaluates the development of intercultural competence. The purpose of the study is to examine the perceptions and attitudes of inter-cultural competence development in two groups of students, in which only one of them was involved in extra-curricular learning. The findings show differences between the two groups. Group A, had gained new knowledge in broader cultural contexts and had a deeper insight on creating a pluralistic professional identity, cultural-emotional commitment and strengthens the relationship between teaching and culture than the Group B. Moreover, the students in group A were more practical and dynamic and created a link between the content of the lesson and the children's origin culture. They allow discussion of controversial issues and encourage the children to share personal stories.
以色列是一个多元文化的移民国家,其教育体系面临着平等和包容的挑战。这是一项基于评估跨文化能力发展模型的比较定性研究。本研究的目的是考察两组学生对跨文化能力发展的看法和态度,其中只有一组学生参加了课外学习。研究结果显示了两组人之间的差异。与b组相比,A组学生在更广阔的文化背景下获得了新的知识,在创造多元化的职业认同、文化情感承诺和加强教学与文化之间的关系方面有更深刻的见解。此外,A组学生更实际、更有活力,在课程内容和孩子的原籍文化之间建立了联系。他们允许讨论有争议的问题,并鼓励孩子们分享个人故事。
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引用次数: 7
Use of Photo-elicitation to evoke and solve Dilemmas that prompt changes Primary School Teachers’ Visions 运用图片启发法唤起和解决小学教师视野变化的困境
IF 4.5 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-01-15 DOI: 10.7821/naer.2020.1.499
A. García-Vera, Laura Rayón Rumayor, Ana María De la Heras Cuenca
The present article investigates the potentialities of photo-elicitation as a technique in teacher professional development. This study analyses the process of eliciting dilemmas in four primary teachers, whose solution has proved to contribute to the teachers´ education. To this end, the effect of different types of external observers' intervention in dilemma generation, participating in sessions developed with a specific photo-elicitation procedure, is explored. The knowledge pursued in order to meet the study objectives concerned inconsistencies between goals and practices and teachers’ dilemmas. These inconsistencies and dilemmas are tacit and with multiple possible interpretations, and are therefore not measurable. They consequently require an interpretative research approach using a qualitative method of inquiry based on collective case studies. The results show that the inconsistencies introduced to the teachers, by questioning their teaching practice, are enough but not necessary to pose professional dilemmas. Solving these dilemmas led the teachers to change their conceptual and processual beliefs, as well as their teaching activities.
本文探讨了照片启发作为一种教师专业发展技术的潜力。本研究分析了四位小学教师的困境引发过程,他们的解决方案被证明有助于教师的教育。为此,探讨了不同类型的外部观察者在困境产生中的干预效果,他们参与了用特定的照片启发程序开发的会议。为达到研究目标而追求的知识涉及目标和实践之间的不一致以及教师的困境。这些矛盾和困境是隐性的,有多种可能的解释,因此无法衡量。因此,它们需要一种解释性研究方法,使用基于集体案例研究的定性调查方法。结果表明,通过质疑教师的教学实践,向教师引入的不一致性足以但不是必要的,从而造成职业困境。解决这些困境使教师改变了他们的概念和过程信念,以及他们的教学活动。
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引用次数: 3
Validation of an Indicator Model (INCODIES) for Assessing Student Digital Competence in Basic Education 基础教育中评估学生数字能力的指标模型(INCODIES)的验证
IF 4.5 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-01-15 DOI: 10.7821/naer.2020.1.459
Ana García-Valcárcel Muñoz-Repiso, S. Casillas Martín, Verónica Basilotta Gómez-Pablos
Digital competence is a basic skill for citizens and should be systematically assessed, taking into account characteristics such as knowledge, skills and attitudes. However, measuring and identifying the digital competence of students is still a major challenge. To this end, the indicator model (INCODIES) has been developed and validated following the structure of the DIGCOMP model, which can be used to create assessment tests that measure student digital competence when they have completed their compulsory education. This article presents the results of a process of content validation carried out by 77 experts, in both the school and the university context. The analysis of the experts’ assessments and the level of agreement among those rating them were carried out following an original method which consists of determining a quantitative index for the validity of content called the Content Validity Ratio (CVR). The results obtained allowed us to confirm that the competences included in the reference framework DIGCOMP are correctly represented in the items formulated for the INCODIES model, which obtained high content validity. The model can serve as a structure and basis for the designing of specific evaluation tests on this topic.
数字能力是公民的一项基本技能,应系统评估,考虑到知识、技能和态度等特征。然而,衡量和识别学生的数字能力仍然是一个重大挑战。为此,根据DIGCOMP模型的结构开发并验证了指标模型(INCODIES),该模型可用于创建评估测试,在学生完成义务教育后衡量他们的数字能力。本文介绍了由77位专家在学校和大学背景下进行的内容验证过程的结果。专家评估的分析和评级之间的一致程度是按照一种原始方法进行的,该方法包括确定内容有效性的定量指标,称为内容效度比(CVR)。得到的结果使我们确认DIGCOMP参考框架中包含的能力在INCODIES模型制定的项目中得到了正确的表达,获得了较高的内容效度。该模型可作为本课题具体评价测试设计的结构和依据。
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引用次数: 24
Perceptions of Compulsory Education Teachers About Cultural Diversity: A Study in the City of Messina 义务教育教师对文化多样性的认知:墨西拿市的研究
IF 4.5 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2020-01-15 DOI: 10.7821/naer.2020.1.447
M. C. López López, Stefania La Malfa
Ensuring inclusive education, which is one of the priorities of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, is not possible without teachers. Teachers' perceptions influence the way they organise and develop their professional activity and the commitment they ultimately give to cultural diversity in educational practice. In this paper, we study the perceptions about cultural diversity which are held by teachers working in compulsory education with Roma students in the Italian city of Messina. The study involved 182 teachers from four educational centres for primary education and the first grade of secondary education. It is a quantitative descriptive study in which a questionnaire has been used as the instrument to collect information. The results obtained highlight, among other issues, the fact that the teachers who were involved in the study favour theoretical and practical perspectives which encourage cultural diversity. In addition, they reveal that there are significant differences in teachers’ perceptions according to the educational level they teach.
确保包容性教育是《2030年可持续发展议程》的优先事项之一,离不开教师。教师的观念影响着他们组织和发展专业活动的方式,以及他们最终在教育实践中对文化多样性的承诺。在本文中,我们研究了在意大利墨西拿市从事义务教育工作的罗姆学生教师对文化多样性的看法。这项研究涉及来自四个小学教育中心和中学一年级教育中心的182名教师。这是一项定量描述性研究,其中使用问卷作为收集信息的工具。除其他问题外,所获得的结果突出了参与研究的教师倾向于鼓励文化多样性的理论和实践观点。此外,他们还发现,教师的认知在不同的教育水平上存在显著差异。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
Journal of New Approaches in Educational Research
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