Abstract:This paper describes the function and distribution of the main morphological markers of voice and valency in the Oceanic language Äiwoo: the undergoervoice suffixes -i, -nyi(i), -ive, -eâ, and -nâ, and the circumstantial voice clitic =Cä. It compares these functions and distributions to those reconstructed for the Proto-Oceanic transitivizing morphemes *-i and *akin[i], and suggests pathways of change that can account for many of the present-day Äiwoo forms as being reflexes of these morphemes and of the 3sg object clitic *=a, though some of the formal differentiation remains unexplained. This analysis implies that Äiwoo has a Philippine-type symmetrical voice system with Oceanic morphology, an unusual state of affairs which has implications for our understanding of the transition from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian to Proto-Oceanic.
{"title":"Voice and Valency Morphology in Äiwoo","authors":"Åshild Næss","doi":"10.1353/ol.2021.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ol.2021.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This paper describes the function and distribution of the main morphological markers of voice and valency in the Oceanic language Äiwoo: the undergoervoice suffixes -i, -nyi(i), -ive, -eâ, and -nâ, and the circumstantial voice clitic =Cä. It compares these functions and distributions to those reconstructed for the Proto-Oceanic transitivizing morphemes *-i and *akin[i], and suggests pathways of change that can account for many of the present-day Äiwoo forms as being reflexes of these morphemes and of the 3sg object clitic *=a, though some of the formal differentiation remains unexplained. This analysis implies that Äiwoo has a Philippine-type symmetrical voice system with Oceanic morphology, an unusual state of affairs which has implications for our understanding of the transition from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian to Proto-Oceanic.","PeriodicalId":51848,"journal":{"name":"OCEANIC LINGUISTICS","volume":"60 1","pages":"160 - 198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ol.2021.0005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47762048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This study analyzes intonational patterns at the right edge of the intonation unit (IU) in Totoli. Based on a corpus of (semi)spontaneous discourse, I present a model of the IU. I have identified a set of three tonal patterns marking the rightedge boundary. These three patterns, in combination with the rarely occurring discourse markers, suffice to describe the tonal events at the right edge of the IU in Totoli. By analyzing the phonetic realization of the boundary-tone complexes, segmental content was revealed not to influence the alignment but only the shape of the tonal contours. The two main exceptions responsible for alternation are the presence of long vowels and the variability in syllabification. Regarding distributional evidence, tail–head linkage constructions provide evidence for the boundary-tone complexes, as tails and heads differ systematically in their prosodic realization. With evidence from tail–head linkage, I also show that the functions of two of the three intonational patterns pertain to signaling finality, while the third is specialized for nonfinal elements of lists.
{"title":"The Intonation Unit in Totoli","authors":"Cristoph Bracks","doi":"10.1353/ol.2021.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ol.2021.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This study analyzes intonational patterns at the right edge of the intonation unit (IU) in Totoli. Based on a corpus of (semi)spontaneous discourse, I present a model of the IU. I have identified a set of three tonal patterns marking the rightedge boundary. These three patterns, in combination with the rarely occurring discourse markers, suffice to describe the tonal events at the right edge of the IU in Totoli. By analyzing the phonetic realization of the boundary-tone complexes, segmental content was revealed not to influence the alignment but only the shape of the tonal contours. The two main exceptions responsible for alternation are the presence of long vowels and the variability in syllabification. Regarding distributional evidence, tail–head linkage constructions provide evidence for the boundary-tone complexes, as tails and heads differ systematically in their prosodic realization. With evidence from tail–head linkage, I also show that the functions of two of the three intonational patterns pertain to signaling finality, while the third is specialized for nonfinal elements of lists.","PeriodicalId":51848,"journal":{"name":"OCEANIC LINGUISTICS","volume":"60 1","pages":"103 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44803766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Hliboi Bidayuh is spoken in the West Kalimantan province of Indonesia, on the island of Borneo. It is part of the larger Land Dayak subgroup, with member languages on both sides of the Malaysia–Indonesia border. Hliboi has several phonological features that warrant focused attention. For example, Hliboi contains geminate consonants in word-initial position, but not in other positions and a restriction on geminate voicing that appears to run counter to typological implications; geminates must be voiced, never voiceless. Hliboi also reflects interesting sound changes that it shares with several other languages of Borneo with "busy" historical phonologies, including the destressing and reduction of penultimate syllables, syllable complexification, and vowel breaking processes that have arisen in now-stressed word-final syllables. In this study, the historical and synchronic phonologies of Hliboi are discussed in detail. The preference for voiced over voiceless geminates is hypothesized to be due to their word-initial only restriction, where perceptual pressures favor voiced over voiceless segments. The historical changes that gave rise to Hliboi's phonology are ultimately rooted in stress shift, a feature that it shares with other languages of the Central Bornean Linguistic Area.
{"title":"The Historical Phonology of Hliboi, A Bidayuh Language of Borneo","authors":"Alexander D. Smith","doi":"10.1353/ol.2021.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ol.2021.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Hliboi Bidayuh is spoken in the West Kalimantan province of Indonesia, on the island of Borneo. It is part of the larger Land Dayak subgroup, with member languages on both sides of the Malaysia–Indonesia border. Hliboi has several phonological features that warrant focused attention. For example, Hliboi contains geminate consonants in word-initial position, but not in other positions and a restriction on geminate voicing that appears to run counter to typological implications; geminates must be voiced, never voiceless. Hliboi also reflects interesting sound changes that it shares with several other languages of Borneo with \"busy\" historical phonologies, including the destressing and reduction of penultimate syllables, syllable complexification, and vowel breaking processes that have arisen in now-stressed word-final syllables. In this study, the historical and synchronic phonologies of Hliboi are discussed in detail. The preference for voiced over voiceless geminates is hypothesized to be due to their word-initial only restriction, where perceptual pressures favor voiced over voiceless segments. The historical changes that gave rise to Hliboi's phonology are ultimately rooted in stress shift, a feature that it shares with other languages of the Central Bornean Linguistic Area.","PeriodicalId":51848,"journal":{"name":"OCEANIC LINGUISTICS","volume":"60 1","pages":"133 - 159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ol.2021.0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49602693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This work presents initial data from Avaipa, a previously undocumented language of central Bougainville. In the sparse literature that exists on this variety, it is anecdotally described as a mixed language. It will be demonstrated that the perception of language mixing is due to lexical borrowing, both from Papuan and from Oceanic sources, though a large-scale lexical comparison suggests a significant connection to the South Bougainville group. A tentative classification of Avaipa as a Papuan language is offered, where the language can be shown to be most closely related to the South Bougainville group, but because of the presence of certain lexical and structural features, the possibility is raised whereby Avaipa serves as a bridge to the North Bougainville group.
{"title":"Avaipa, a Language of Central Bougainville","authors":"Jason Brown, Melissa Irvine","doi":"10.1353/ol.2021.0000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ol.2021.0000","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This work presents initial data from Avaipa, a previously undocumented language of central Bougainville. In the sparse literature that exists on this variety, it is anecdotally described as a mixed language. It will be demonstrated that the perception of language mixing is due to lexical borrowing, both from Papuan and from Oceanic sources, though a large-scale lexical comparison suggests a significant connection to the South Bougainville group. A tentative classification of Avaipa as a Papuan language is offered, where the language can be shown to be most closely related to the South Bougainville group, but because of the presence of certain lexical and structural features, the possibility is raised whereby Avaipa serves as a bridge to the North Bougainville group.","PeriodicalId":51848,"journal":{"name":"OCEANIC LINGUISTICS","volume":"60 1","pages":"1 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ol.2021.0000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45988569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Albert J. Schütz, professor emeritus in the Department of Linguistics at the University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, died peacefully at his home in the early morning hours of August 23, 2020 at the age of eighty-four. He is survived by his sister Marian (Schütz) Mochel, her husband Virgil, and their families, as well as by Angie Schütz, the widow of his older brother Gene Schütz, and Gene’s children by a previous marriage.1 Al was born on August 9, 1936 in the small town of Wyatt in northern Indiana and grew up on a farm there, the youngest of three siblings and the great-grandchild of immigrants of Swiss and German origin who arrived in the United States in the 1850s. He embraced hard work from childhood, doing his share on a family farm that included a few hundred pigs, a thousand chickens, and a hundred acres of corn. Al’s childhood successes included awards from the local 4H Club for his grand champion pig and a trophy as Junior Champion in a five-acre corn contest. During his college years, he spent his summers working as a carpenter for a well-known house builder in the Wyatt area. Years later, the tables were turned when Al brought his former boss to Hawai‘i to work for him on an extension to his house in Mānoa. Al earned his bachelor’s degree at Purdue University in 1958 (with a major in English and speech, and a minor in mathematics) and his PhD in linguistics from Cornell University in 1962, under the supervision of Charles Hockett, one of the giants of structural linguistics. His initial plans did not call for anything so ambitious. In an autobiographical note for his fiftieth high school reunion, he wrote “After Purdue, I went to Cornell, intending to spend a year or two getting an MA, and then come back [to Wyatt] to teach in a high school. But I was diverted, and ended up with a PhD in linguistics : : : ” Al’s fascination with the languages of the Pacific began in 1960, when, as a graduate student at Cornell, he was asked by Hockett whether he would be interested in conducting fieldwork in Fiji, to which (by his own account) he responded “Sure. Where is it?” The challenges that awaited Al in Fiji included 300 distinct communalects spread over about 1000 villages. He ended up collecting data from 105 villages on various of the Fijian islands, administering a
{"title":"Albert J. Schütz (1936–2020)","authors":"W. O'grady","doi":"10.1353/ol.2021.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ol.2021.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Albert J. Schütz, professor emeritus in the Department of Linguistics at the University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, died peacefully at his home in the early morning hours of August 23, 2020 at the age of eighty-four. He is survived by his sister Marian (Schütz) Mochel, her husband Virgil, and their families, as well as by Angie Schütz, the widow of his older brother Gene Schütz, and Gene’s children by a previous marriage.1 Al was born on August 9, 1936 in the small town of Wyatt in northern Indiana and grew up on a farm there, the youngest of three siblings and the great-grandchild of immigrants of Swiss and German origin who arrived in the United States in the 1850s. He embraced hard work from childhood, doing his share on a family farm that included a few hundred pigs, a thousand chickens, and a hundred acres of corn. Al’s childhood successes included awards from the local 4H Club for his grand champion pig and a trophy as Junior Champion in a five-acre corn contest. During his college years, he spent his summers working as a carpenter for a well-known house builder in the Wyatt area. Years later, the tables were turned when Al brought his former boss to Hawai‘i to work for him on an extension to his house in Mānoa. Al earned his bachelor’s degree at Purdue University in 1958 (with a major in English and speech, and a minor in mathematics) and his PhD in linguistics from Cornell University in 1962, under the supervision of Charles Hockett, one of the giants of structural linguistics. His initial plans did not call for anything so ambitious. In an autobiographical note for his fiftieth high school reunion, he wrote “After Purdue, I went to Cornell, intending to spend a year or two getting an MA, and then come back [to Wyatt] to teach in a high school. But I was diverted, and ended up with a PhD in linguistics : : : ” Al’s fascination with the languages of the Pacific began in 1960, when, as a graduate student at Cornell, he was asked by Hockett whether he would be interested in conducting fieldwork in Fiji, to which (by his own account) he responded “Sure. Where is it?” The challenges that awaited Al in Fiji included 300 distinct communalects spread over about 1000 villages. He ended up collecting data from 105 villages on various of the Fijian islands, administering a","PeriodicalId":51848,"journal":{"name":"OCEANIC LINGUISTICS","volume":"60 1","pages":"250 - 255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ol.2021.0009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46251260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
FIJI AND FIJIAN. 1962. A dialect survey of Viti Levu. PhD diss., Cornell University. 1963a. A phonemic typology of Fijian dialects. Oceanic Linguistics 2:62–79. 1963b. Lexical differences between generations in Fiji. Te Reo 6:28–29. 1963c. Sources for the study of Fijian dialects. Journal of the Polynesian Society 72:254–60. 1966. (Albert J. Schütz and Jerome Wenker). A program for the determination of lexical similarity. In Computation in linguistics: A case study, ed. by Paul L. Garvin and Bernard Spolsky, 124–45. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 1968a. The phonetic nature of Fijian consonant correspondences. In Papers in linguistics of Melanesia No. 1, 49–52. Series A, no. 15. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. 1969–70. The languages of Fiji. Working Papers in Linguistics. University of Hawaii at Mānoa. Published as Schütz 1972b. 1971. (Albert J. Schütz and Rusiate T. Komaitai). Spoken Fijian. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. 2nd ed., 1979. 1972a. Say it in Fijian. Sydney: Pacific Publications. Revised ed. 1974, l976, l979, 2003. 1972b. The languages of Fiji. Oxford: The Clarendon Press. 1972c. (Albert J. Schütz and Tevita Nawadra). A refutation of the notion “passive” in Fijian. Oceanic Linguistics 11:88–109. 1974. The forerunners of the Fijian dictionary. Journal of the Polynesian Society 83:443–57. 1975a. The first Fijian dictionary for Fijians. South Pacific Bulletin, Third Quarter, 54–56. 1975b. At a loss for words: The problem of word classes for Fijian. Oceanic Linguistics 14:100–18. 1976c. Fijian prosody I: Syllables and groups.University of Hawaii Working Papers in Linguistics 8(2): 75–100. 1977. (ed.) The diaries and correspondence of David Cargill, 1832–1843. Pacific History Series No. 10. Canberra: Australian National University Press. 1978a. Suva: A history and guide. Sydney: Pacific Publications.
{"title":"The Publications of Albert J. Schütz","authors":"P. Geraghty, A. Pawley","doi":"10.1353/ol.2021.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ol.2021.0010","url":null,"abstract":"FIJI AND FIJIAN. 1962. A dialect survey of Viti Levu. PhD diss., Cornell University. 1963a. A phonemic typology of Fijian dialects. Oceanic Linguistics 2:62–79. 1963b. Lexical differences between generations in Fiji. Te Reo 6:28–29. 1963c. Sources for the study of Fijian dialects. Journal of the Polynesian Society 72:254–60. 1966. (Albert J. Schütz and Jerome Wenker). A program for the determination of lexical similarity. In Computation in linguistics: A case study, ed. by Paul L. Garvin and Bernard Spolsky, 124–45. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 1968a. The phonetic nature of Fijian consonant correspondences. In Papers in linguistics of Melanesia No. 1, 49–52. Series A, no. 15. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. 1969–70. The languages of Fiji. Working Papers in Linguistics. University of Hawaii at Mānoa. Published as Schütz 1972b. 1971. (Albert J. Schütz and Rusiate T. Komaitai). Spoken Fijian. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. 2nd ed., 1979. 1972a. Say it in Fijian. Sydney: Pacific Publications. Revised ed. 1974, l976, l979, 2003. 1972b. The languages of Fiji. Oxford: The Clarendon Press. 1972c. (Albert J. Schütz and Tevita Nawadra). A refutation of the notion “passive” in Fijian. Oceanic Linguistics 11:88–109. 1974. The forerunners of the Fijian dictionary. Journal of the Polynesian Society 83:443–57. 1975a. The first Fijian dictionary for Fijians. South Pacific Bulletin, Third Quarter, 54–56. 1975b. At a loss for words: The problem of word classes for Fijian. Oceanic Linguistics 14:100–18. 1976c. Fijian prosody I: Syllables and groups.University of Hawaii Working Papers in Linguistics 8(2): 75–100. 1977. (ed.) The diaries and correspondence of David Cargill, 1832–1843. Pacific History Series No. 10. Canberra: Australian National University Press. 1978a. Suva: A history and guide. Sydney: Pacific Publications.","PeriodicalId":51848,"journal":{"name":"OCEANIC LINGUISTICS","volume":"60 1","pages":"256 - 261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ol.2021.0010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44872197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This article is a continuation of investigations into the origin of East Polynesian languages in the Central Northern Outliers (Luangiua, Nukumanu, Takuu, Nukeria), rather than in Central Western Polynesia. Proto-East Polynesian is proposed as developing in an area bounded by the Phoenix, Line, and Marquesas Islands. Two major dialects of Proto-East Polynesian are reconstructed. Proto-East Polynesian Distal and Proto-East Polynesian Proximal. Proto-East Polynesian Distal is proposed as spoken distant from the Outliers in the Marquesas. East Polynesian Distal splits into Marquesan and Far Eastern Polynesian. Proto-Far Eastern Polynesia is proposed as spoken in Mangareva after settlement there from the Marquesas. Proto-Far Eastern Polynesian then splits into Mangarevan and Rapa Nui. The other major dialect of Proto-East Polynesian is Proto-East Polynesian Proximal, "proximal" because it is proposed as spoken in an area located closer to the Outliers than that where Proto-East Polynesian Distal was spoken. Proto East Polynesian Proximal is reconstructed with two subdialects, a Northern subdialect, Proto-East Polynesian Proximal (Northern), ancestral to Hawaiian, and a Southern subdialect Proto-East Polynesian Proximal (Southern), ancestral to the remaining East Polynesian languages. Proto-East Polynesian and later Proto-East Polynesian Proximal were likely initially spoken within the bounds of the Phoenix and Line Islands. The proposal for a large west to east Proto-East Polynesian homeland and the division of Proto-East Polynesian into three communalects that provided three migration streams out of that homeland contests the most commonly accepted ideas regarding the settlement of East Polynesia.
{"title":"East Polynesian Subgrouping and Homeland Implications Within the Northern Outlier–East Polynesian Hypothesis","authors":"William H. Wilson","doi":"10.1353/ol.2021.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ol.2021.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article is a continuation of investigations into the origin of East Polynesian languages in the Central Northern Outliers (Luangiua, Nukumanu, Takuu, Nukeria), rather than in Central Western Polynesia. Proto-East Polynesian is proposed as developing in an area bounded by the Phoenix, Line, and Marquesas Islands. Two major dialects of Proto-East Polynesian are reconstructed. Proto-East Polynesian Distal and Proto-East Polynesian Proximal. Proto-East Polynesian Distal is proposed as spoken distant from the Outliers in the Marquesas. East Polynesian Distal splits into Marquesan and Far Eastern Polynesian. Proto-Far Eastern Polynesia is proposed as spoken in Mangareva after settlement there from the Marquesas. Proto-Far Eastern Polynesian then splits into Mangarevan and Rapa Nui. The other major dialect of Proto-East Polynesian is Proto-East Polynesian Proximal, \"proximal\" because it is proposed as spoken in an area located closer to the Outliers than that where Proto-East Polynesian Distal was spoken. Proto East Polynesian Proximal is reconstructed with two subdialects, a Northern subdialect, Proto-East Polynesian Proximal (Northern), ancestral to Hawaiian, and a Southern subdialect Proto-East Polynesian Proximal (Southern), ancestral to the remaining East Polynesian languages. Proto-East Polynesian and later Proto-East Polynesian Proximal were likely initially spoken within the bounds of the Phoenix and Line Islands. The proposal for a large west to east Proto-East Polynesian homeland and the division of Proto-East Polynesian into three communalects that provided three migration streams out of that homeland contests the most commonly accepted ideas regarding the settlement of East Polynesia.","PeriodicalId":51848,"journal":{"name":"OCEANIC LINGUISTICS","volume":"60 1","pages":"36 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ol.2021.0001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46264410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Number words in several Tungag-Nalik languages are morphologically complex. This kind of complexity is not the result of arithmetic operations but has its origin in the sequence of successive Proto-Oceanic number words. In this paper, the term sequential number word formation is used to designate this pattern. As sequential number word formation is also found in several other Meso-Melanesian languages and non-Austronesian languages of New Ireland and New Britain, it is likely to be an areal feature.
{"title":"Sequential Number Word Formation in the Tungag-Nalik Languages (New Ireland)","authors":"Christian Holz","doi":"10.1353/ol.2021.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ol.2021.0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Number words in several Tungag-Nalik languages are morphologically complex. This kind of complexity is not the result of arithmetic operations but has its origin in the sequence of successive Proto-Oceanic number words. In this paper, the term sequential number word formation is used to designate this pattern. As sequential number word formation is also found in several other Meso-Melanesian languages and non-Austronesian languages of New Ireland and New Britain, it is likely to be an areal feature.","PeriodicalId":51848,"journal":{"name":"OCEANIC LINGUISTICS","volume":"60 1","pages":"231 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ol.2021.0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49529875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:We present an analysis of the general noun-modifying clause construction in Wiru (Trans–New Guinea). In this construction, a subordinate clause modifies a head noun, whether or not the head noun plays a syntactic role in the subordinate clause. We present several structural features that are of typological interest. Subordinate clauses inflect for a restricted set of tense–aspect–mood categories: they neutralize the distinction between future and optative, and they exhibit a strong preference for anterior aspect. They can contain resumptive pronouns as well as full nouns that are coreferential with the head noun. Moreover, the head noun itself can be omitted, although other noun phrase constituents (such as adjectives or determiners) may still be present. This construction also exhibits special tonal properties, in that the lexical tone of the head noun is overridden and replaced with an HL falling contour. Finally, verb agreement with subjects that contain subordinate clauses is semantically governed, not structurally. We conclude with some areal comparisons.
{"title":"The Wiru Noun-Modifying Clause Construction","authors":"Caroline Hendy, Don Daniels","doi":"10.1353/ol.2021.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ol.2021.0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:We present an analysis of the general noun-modifying clause construction in Wiru (Trans–New Guinea). In this construction, a subordinate clause modifies a head noun, whether or not the head noun plays a syntactic role in the subordinate clause. We present several structural features that are of typological interest. Subordinate clauses inflect for a restricted set of tense–aspect–mood categories: they neutralize the distinction between future and optative, and they exhibit a strong preference for anterior aspect. They can contain resumptive pronouns as well as full nouns that are coreferential with the head noun. Moreover, the head noun itself can be omitted, although other noun phrase constituents (such as adjectives or determiners) may still be present. This construction also exhibits special tonal properties, in that the lexical tone of the head noun is overridden and replaced with an HL falling contour. Finally, verb agreement with subjects that contain subordinate clauses is semantically governed, not structurally. We conclude with some areal comparisons.","PeriodicalId":51848,"journal":{"name":"OCEANIC LINGUISTICS","volume":"60 1","pages":"102 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ol.2021.0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48663970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-verb constructions in Eastern Indonesia by Volker Unterladstetter (review)","authors":"Leah Pappas","doi":"10.1353/ol.2021.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ol.2021.0008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51848,"journal":{"name":"OCEANIC LINGUISTICS","volume":"60 1","pages":"243 - 249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ol.2021.0008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48146566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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