Although Canada is reputed for being a multicultural society, Canadians’ opinions vary regarding the extent to which multiculturalism should be promoted. Examining metaphorical language in discourse about multiculturalism may reveal which metaphors are typically used to endorse it and which ones are typically used to express a more skeptical stance. This study analyzed 646 opinion pieces regarding multiculturalism published in Canadian newspapers. Linguistic metaphors were identified and then grouped under themes. The texts were categorized according to the authors’ stance, and instantiations of the metaphor themes were tallied to determine if some occur more frequently in discourse that promotes multiculturalism compared to discourse that expresses reservations. Some metaphor themes were instantiated more often either in texts painting a positive picture of multicultural society (e.g., a multicultural society is a varied, multi-component work of art or craft) or in ones expressing reservations (e.g., multiculturalism is a destabilizing or divisive force). Such contrasts were nonetheless attenuated by the way a single metaphor theme can be used to serve different rhetorical purposes. It also appears that writers are not always aware of the entailments of the metaphors they use, especially if these are conventionalized phrases.
{"title":"Metaphors for multiculturalism in the Canadian context","authors":"Kayvan Shakoury, Frank Boers","doi":"10.1075/msw.00045.sha","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/msw.00045.sha","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Although Canada is reputed for being a multicultural society, Canadians’ opinions vary regarding the extent to\u0000 which multiculturalism should be promoted. Examining metaphorical language in discourse about multiculturalism may reveal which\u0000 metaphors are typically used to endorse it and which ones are typically used to express a more skeptical stance. This study\u0000 analyzed 646 opinion pieces regarding multiculturalism published in Canadian newspapers. Linguistic metaphors were identified and\u0000 then grouped under themes. The texts were categorized according to the authors’ stance, and instantiations of the metaphor themes\u0000 were tallied to determine if some occur more frequently in discourse that promotes multiculturalism compared to discourse that\u0000 expresses reservations. Some metaphor themes were instantiated more often either in texts painting a positive picture of\u0000 multicultural society (e.g., a multicultural society is a varied, multi-component work of art or craft) or in ones\u0000 expressing reservations (e.g., multiculturalism is a destabilizing or divisive force). Such contrasts were nonetheless\u0000 attenuated by the way a single metaphor theme can be used to serve different rhetorical purposes. It also appears that writers are\u0000 not always aware of the entailments of the metaphors they use, especially if these are conventionalized phrases.","PeriodicalId":51936,"journal":{"name":"Metaphor and the Social World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140740511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Soares da Silva (2021): Figurative Language – Intersubjectivity and Usage","authors":"Nina Julich-Warpakowski","doi":"10.1075/msw.00043.jul","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/msw.00043.jul","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51936,"journal":{"name":"Metaphor and the Social World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140384903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Colston, Matlock & Steen (2022): Dynamism in metaphor and beyond","authors":"Winnie Huiheng Zeng","doi":"10.1075/msw.00044.zen","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/msw.00044.zen","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51936,"journal":{"name":"Metaphor and the Social World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140212691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Tay (2022): Navigating the realities of metaphor and psychotherapy research","authors":"Deming Xiao","doi":"10.1075/msw.00042.xia","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/msw.00042.xia","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51936,"journal":{"name":"Metaphor and the Social World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140232111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper investigates the socio-political implications of sceptical metaphors in French discourse about the climate crisis. Existing literature has demonstrated the prevalence of religion metaphors in English sceptical discourse. Yet, in France, religious references in language use are limited as such references have been considered “anti-revolutionary” since the storming of the Bastille, in 1789. I thus ask to what extent sceptical metaphors in French climate crisis discourse differ from English sceptical metaphors. To this aim, I conduct a corpus-based study relying on texts published in the extreme-right wing French newspaper “Valeurs Actuelles”. The metaphors identified in this corpus are analysed so as to uncover the mini-narratives related to sceptical metaphor scenarios. Consistent with existing literature, the analysis establishes the prevalence of the religion scenario. However, the research highlights significant argumentative exploitations: metaphor users define the source concept according to cultural viewpoints on religion and ideological understanding of the religious lexicon. I demonstrate that religion metaphors prevail because associated source concepts (environmentalism as islam) are not conceived as being part of the domain of religion, according to these (extreme-right-wing) discourse producers.
{"title":"Are religion metaphors anti‑revolutionary?","authors":"Anaïs Augé","doi":"10.1075/msw.23017.aug","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/msw.23017.aug","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper investigates the socio-political implications of sceptical metaphors in French discourse about the\u0000 climate crisis. Existing literature has demonstrated the prevalence of religion metaphors in English sceptical discourse.\u0000 Yet, in France, religious references in language use are limited as such references have been considered “anti-revolutionary”\u0000 since the storming of the Bastille, in 1789. I thus ask to what extent sceptical metaphors in French climate crisis discourse\u0000 differ from English sceptical metaphors. To this aim, I conduct a corpus-based study relying on texts published in the\u0000 extreme-right wing French newspaper “Valeurs Actuelles”. The metaphors identified in this corpus are analysed so as to uncover the\u0000 mini-narratives related to sceptical metaphor scenarios. Consistent with existing literature, the analysis establishes the\u0000 prevalence of the religion scenario. However, the research highlights significant argumentative exploitations: metaphor\u0000 users define the source concept according to cultural viewpoints on religion and ideological understanding of the\u0000 religious lexicon. I demonstrate that religion metaphors prevail because associated source concepts (environmentalism\u0000 as islam) are not conceived as being part of the domain of religion, according to these (extreme-right-wing)\u0000 discourse producers.","PeriodicalId":51936,"journal":{"name":"Metaphor and the Social World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139441645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article offers my personal assessment of the recent efforts to censor certain metaphors in higher education within the United States. Many universities have created extensive speech codes that censor various metaphorical words and phrases for their potential harm, especially for possibly being offensive to different individuals and marginalized communities. I discuss some of the problems with these efforts and offer a brief defense of the importance of metaphors, good or bad, in our public conversations.
{"title":"Should offensive metaphors be censored?","authors":"Raymond W. Gibbs Jr.","doi":"10.1075/msw.00041.gib","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/msw.00041.gib","url":null,"abstract":"This article offers my personal assessment of the recent efforts to censor certain metaphors in higher education within the United States. Many universities have created extensive speech codes that censor various metaphorical words and phrases for their potential harm, especially for possibly being offensive to different individuals and marginalized communities. I discuss some of the problems with these efforts and offer a brief defense of the importance of metaphors, good or bad, in our public conversations.","PeriodicalId":51936,"journal":{"name":"Metaphor and the Social World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139175491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Travis Ashby, Omar Lizardo, Dustin S. Stoltz, M. Wood
Researchers have long recognized the role of metaphor in conceptualizing states. We contribute to research on the conceptualization of state concepts in two ways. First, we identify a not-yet-recognized metaphor system commonly used to conceptualize states: states are physical qualities. We contend that states are physical qualities is an elaboration of the image-schematic states are locations metaphor, with a higher degree of specificity, affording entailments not supported by states are locations. After introducing the physical qualities metaphor system, we examine the function of states are physical qualities in the social world, finding that people use it to evaluate objects across many domains. Specifically, there is a significant distinction between two prototypical physical qualities – processed and unprocessed – used to conceptualize socially salient state differences, with “cooking” as the prototypical form of processing. Particularly in the domain of aesthetic evaluation, this is seen in the metaphor authentic is unprocessed. In practical domains such as sports and science, this is seen in the metaphor developed is processed. In all these cases, the evaluation of people and objects is grounded in the perception of their states, comprehended as physical qualities.
{"title":"The raw and the (over)cooked","authors":"Travis Ashby, Omar Lizardo, Dustin S. Stoltz, M. Wood","doi":"10.1075/msw.00039.ash","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/msw.00039.ash","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers have long recognized the role of metaphor in conceptualizing states. We contribute to research on the conceptualization of state concepts in two ways. First, we identify a not-yet-recognized metaphor system commonly used to conceptualize states: states are physical qualities. We contend that states are physical qualities is an elaboration of the image-schematic states are locations metaphor, with a higher degree of specificity, affording entailments not supported by states are locations. After introducing the physical qualities metaphor system, we examine the function of states are physical qualities in the social world, finding that people use it to evaluate objects across many domains. Specifically, there is a significant distinction between two prototypical physical qualities – processed and unprocessed – used to conceptualize socially salient state differences, with “cooking” as the prototypical form of processing. Particularly in the domain of aesthetic evaluation, this is seen in the metaphor authentic is unprocessed. In practical domains such as sports and science, this is seen in the metaphor developed is processed. In all these cases, the evaluation of people and objects is grounded in the perception of their states, comprehended as physical qualities.","PeriodicalId":51936,"journal":{"name":"Metaphor and the Social World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139227034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article explores the way in which social media and its relation to mental health is metaphorically conceptualized in newspaper opinion discourse. We discuss the extent to which metaphoric expressions are used creatively and whether they convey positive or negative evaluations. For this purpose, a 10,000-word sample of opinion articles from two British newspapers was collected and analysed. The main research questions are: (1) How is social media conceptualized? (2) To what extent is social media conceptualized by means of creative expressions? (3) Are social media metaphors more likely to be evaluative or non-evaluative? If so, what is the predominant value? (4) How are mental health and well-being conceptualized? (5) Do authors identify positive or negative effects of social media on mental health and well-being? Results show that the main source domains used to conceptualize social media are person, drugs, place, object, war, journey and competition. Creative social media metaphors typically make use of the person, drugs and place source domains, and evaluative metaphors more frequently project a negative evaluation.
{"title":"Instagram is a ridiculous lie factory","authors":"Jennifer Foley, Laura Hidalgo-Downing","doi":"10.1075/msw.00040.fol","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/msw.00040.fol","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the way in which social media and its relation to mental health is metaphorically conceptualized in newspaper opinion discourse. We discuss the extent to which metaphoric expressions are used creatively and whether they convey positive or negative evaluations. For this purpose, a 10,000-word sample of opinion articles from two British newspapers was collected and analysed. The main research questions are: (1) How is social media conceptualized? (2) To what extent is social media conceptualized by means of creative expressions? (3) Are social media metaphors more likely to be evaluative or non-evaluative? If so, what is the predominant value? (4) How are mental health and well-being conceptualized? (5) Do authors identify positive or negative effects of social media on mental health and well-being? Results show that the main source domains used to conceptualize social media are person, drugs, place, object, war, journey and competition. Creative social media metaphors typically make use of the person, drugs and place source domains, and evaluative metaphors more frequently project a negative evaluation.","PeriodicalId":51936,"journal":{"name":"Metaphor and the Social World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139226380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Šeškauskienė (2022): Metaphor in Legal Discourse","authors":"Francesca L. Seracini","doi":"10.1075/msw.00038.ser","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/msw.00038.ser","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51936,"journal":{"name":"Metaphor and the Social World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136295405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Peña-Cervel & Ruiz de Mendoza Ibáñez (2022): Figuring out Figuration: A Cognitive Linguistic Account","authors":"Špela Antloga","doi":"10.1075/msw.00036.ant","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/msw.00036.ant","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51936,"journal":{"name":"Metaphor and the Social World","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136353084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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