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Folk Life-Journal of Ethnological Studies最新文献

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Improving agriculture in nineteenth century Rutland: the life and achievements of Richard Westbrook Baker (1797-1861), steward of the Exton estate 19世纪拉特兰改善农业:埃克斯顿庄园管家理查德·韦斯特布鲁克·贝克(1797-1861)的生平和成就
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2019-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2019.1651541
Jonathan A. C. Brown
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引用次数: 0
A place for hay: flexibility and continuity in hay meadow management 干草之地:干草草地管理的灵活性和连续性
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2019-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2019.1651542
Cozette Griffin-Kremer
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引用次数: 2
Ancient buoyancy devices in Sweden: floats made of reed, club-rush, inflated skins and animal bladders 瑞典古代的浮力装置:用芦苇、灯芯草、充气皮和动物膀胱制成的浮力
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2019-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2019.1646390
I. Lidström, I. Svanberg
ABSTRACT This article sets out to discuss the material culture of traditional physical education from an ethnobiological point of view. The focus is on the use of reed, Phragmites australis Trin. ex Steud., club-rush, Schoenoplectus lacustris L., inflated skins and animal bladders when making buoyancy devices used by children and adolescents for learning to swim. As these teaching methods occurred from thousands of years ago up to very recently, it is argued that child-related practices connected with the bio-cultural domain and arising out of human-biota interaction have noticeably transcended time and societal changes.
摘要本文从民族生物学的角度探讨传统体育的物质文化。重点是芦苇的使用,芦苇。前Steud。,在制作儿童和青少年学习游泳时使用的浮力装置时,会使皮肤和动物膀胱膨胀。由于这些教学方法发生在数千年前直到最近,有人认为,与生物文化领域相关的、由人类-生物群互动产生的与儿童相关的实践已经明显超越了时间和社会的变化。
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引用次数: 2
The folklore of Cornwall: the oral tradition of a Celtic nation 康沃尔的民间传说:凯尔特民族的口述传统
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2019-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2019.1651540
L. Ballard
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引用次数: 0
“Transporting the notes:” urbanization and westernization in the music of the northeastern Aegean islands in the nineteenth and the twentieth century 运输笔记:“十九世纪和二十世纪爱琴海东北部岛屿音乐中的城市化和西化
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2019-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2019.1646512
Renata Dalianoudi
ABSTRACT The music of the North Aegean Sea Islands between Europe and Asia has undoubtedly been influenced by neighbouring cultures. The syncretic melding of disparate strands has also formed an indigenous, cosmopolitan cultural identity in the North Aegean Sea islands, comprising Lesbos, Limnos, Ai Stratis, Chios, Oinousses, Psara, Samos, Ikaria and Fourni. Identity emerges from mythical and historical events, including indigenous Greek, Oriental and Western ethnic materials of continental and island origins. Adopting an interdisciplinary methodology crossing historical ethnomusicology and musicology, cultural anthropology and the sociology of music, this paper presents results of ethnographic research into music and dance. It explores identity formation from the late nineteenth century to the present. It focuses on changes in musical practices, performance, education, repertoire and lifestyle. Centralizing policies emanating from Athens combined with social and technological changes mark transitions from local to European, from eastern to western style, providing a context for urbanization and westernization.
位于欧洲和亚洲之间的爱琴海北部岛屿的音乐无疑受到了邻近文化的影响。在北爱琴海岛屿上,不同民族的融合也形成了一种本土的、世界主义的文化认同,包括莱斯博斯岛、利姆诺斯岛、埃斯特拉斯岛、希俄斯岛、奥因努塞斯岛、普萨拉岛、萨摩斯岛、伊卡利亚岛和富尔尼岛。身份来源于神话和历史事件,包括本土的希腊、东方和西方的大陆和岛屿民族材料。本文采用跨历史民族音乐学与音乐学、文化人类学和音乐社会学的跨学科研究方法,介绍了音乐与舞蹈民族志研究的成果。它探讨了从19世纪晚期到现在的身份形成。它关注的是音乐实践、表演、教育、曲目和生活方式的变化。源于雅典的中央集权政策与社会和技术变革相结合,标志着从地方到欧洲、从东方到西方风格的转变,为城市化和西方化提供了背景。
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引用次数: 0
When tradition meets modernity – Georgian folk-fusion music 当传统遇到现代-格鲁吉亚民间融合音乐
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2019-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2019.1656791
Teona Lomsadze
ABSTRACT This article discusses Georgian folk-fusion, which results from a synthesis of Georgian music (mostly traditional) and multiple tendencies within western, that is European and American popular music (jazz, rock, pop, electronic music etc.). Through analysis of its cultural-historical background and the motivation of Georgian folk-fusion musicians, I explore how national identity is revealed in Georgian folk-fusion musical production and how clear or covert, conscious or unconscious, the process is. Through a consideration of the musical backgrounds and interests of contemporary multicultural Georgians, I draw the conclusion that folk-fusion music, representing a synthesis of traditionalism and cosmopolitanism, may well provide the most representative musical expression of contemporary Georgian identity.
摘要本文论述了格鲁吉亚民间融合,它是由格鲁吉亚音乐(主要是传统音乐)和西方音乐(即欧美流行音乐(爵士乐、摇滚乐、流行音乐、电子音乐等)的多重倾向综合而成,通过对当代多元文化格鲁吉亚人的音乐背景和兴趣的思考,我得出结论:民间融合音乐是传统主义和世界主义的综合体,很可能提供当代格鲁吉亚身份的最具代表性的音乐表达。
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引用次数: 2
On un-silencing voices: tarantismo and the gendered heritage of Apulia 论打破沉默的声音:tarantismo和普利亚的性别遗产
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2019.1586093
Felicia K. Youngblood
ABSTRACT How do we conceptualize women’s contributions to intangible cultural heritage in patriarchal societies? This article adds perspective to this question by examining the relationship of women’s voices to Southern Italian culture through the lens of the music and dance-based re-enactments of tarantismo. Though scholars have discussed this ritual for centuries, the vocal contributions of the tarantate—the women at the centre of the ceremony—are often undervalued in favour of more tangible objects and compositions, such as the surrounding instruments and traditional music repertoire. However, a more careful exploration of the ritual reveals the participation and importance of the tarantate to be more complex. Drawing on historical and ethnographic research from the province of Lecce, this article demonstrates that the female voice is an essential component to the soundscape of tarantismo and is central to concepts of heritage and identity for the people of Apulia.
在男权社会中,我们如何概念化女性对非物质文化遗产的贡献?本文通过以音乐和舞蹈为基础的tarantismo重演,研究女性声音与意大利南部文化的关系,为这个问题增添了新的视角。尽管学者们对这一仪式的讨论已经持续了几个世纪,但人们往往低估了tarantas(在仪式中心的女性)的声音贡献,而更重视有形的物品和作品,比如周围的乐器和传统的音乐曲目。然而,对仪式的更仔细的探索揭示了tarantate的参与和重要性是更加复杂的。通过对莱切省的历史和民族志研究,本文证明了女性的声音是tarantismo音境的重要组成部分,也是阿普利亚人遗产和身份概念的核心。
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引用次数: 1
Dr Brian Stowell RBV, TH (1936–2019) 布赖恩·斯托威尔博士RBV, TH (1936-2019)
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2019.1589024
Breesha Maddrell, Jamys O’Meara
We remember Thomas Brian Stowell first and foremost for his contribution to the revival of the Manx language, but also as a fine musician and singer, a writer, teacher, broadcaster and so much more. The brightest of minds and the most generous of spirits, he was a ‘Manninagh dooie’, a true Manxman. Born in Douglas, Isle of Man on 6 September 1936, Brian attended Murray’s Road and Douglas High School, where he excelled academically. It was at school that he first became interested in Manx, having read an article by Doug Fargher in January 1953 which talked about how the language was being abandoned and which inspired Brian to start learning. Brian recalled the strong discrimination against Manx at the time, particularly from older Manx people, who associated it with poverty and inferiority. Undeterred, he joined Fargher and others who were collecting recordings of the then few remaining native Manx speakers. His weekends were filled with long hours of the spoken language, and after about 9 months, he felt he could speak it relatively fluently. The main part of Brian’s working life was spent with physics, which he first studied at the University of Liverpool. After graduation, he worked as a school teacher, which he hated, leaving after 2 years for a post at the UK Atomic Energy Authority at Capenhurst in Cheshire. He later taught at Liverpool Polytechnic, where he gained a doctorate in applied physics and became head of department. At one time, he kept sensitive notes about his research in Manx, in the knowledge that he was the only person in the world who could understand them fully. During his time on Merseyside, he felt he never left the Isle of Man, as he kept in contact with friends, and continued speaking the language and contributing to cultural life. He spoke and taught Irish in Liverpool, again in the face of great prejudice. It was in Liverpool, too, that he met and inspired Manx students Phil Gawne and Adrian Cain, both of whom continue to play an active role in the Manx language community, mainly through their role as Manx Language Development Officer for the Manx Heritage Foundation, now Culture Vannin, on whose board Brian would later sit, and through the work of Mooinjer Veggey. Brian was someone who wore his learning lightly, whose modesty only engendered deeper respect for his skill, knowledge and talent. Described by family and friends as a strong, independent-minded person, his rebellious character was accompanied by a great sense of humour. Brian raised his two children from his first marriage to Pat, FOLK LIFE 2019, VOL. 57, NO. 1, 80–83 https://doi.org/10.1080/04308778.2019.1589024
我们首先要记住托马斯·布莱恩·斯托维尔,他对马恩语复兴的贡献,同时也是一位优秀的音乐家和歌手,一位作家、教师、广播员等等。他是最聪明的头脑和最慷慨的精神,是一个“Manninagh dooie”,一个真正的Manxman。1936年9月6日,布莱恩出生于马恩岛道格拉斯,就读于默里路和道格拉斯高中,在那里他取得了优异的学业成绩。1953年1月,在学校里,他读到道格·法格尔的一篇文章,讲述了这种语言是如何被抛弃的,这篇文章激励了布莱恩开始学习。布赖恩回忆起当时对马恩岛的强烈歧视,尤其是来自马恩岛老年人的歧视,他们将其与贫困和自卑联系在一起。他没有气馁,加入了法格尔和其他人的行列,他们正在收集当时仅存的少数以马恩岛为母语的人的录音。他的周末充满了长时间的口语,大约9个月后,他觉得自己能说得相对流利。布莱恩职业生涯的大部分时间都是在物理学上度过的,他最初在利物浦大学学习物理学。毕业后,他做了一名他讨厌的学校教师,两年后离开,前往位于柴郡卡彭赫斯特的英国原子能管理局工作。他后来在利物浦理工学院任教,在那里他获得了应用物理学博士学位,并成为了系主任。有一段时间,他对自己在马恩岛的研究做了敏感的记录,因为他知道自己是世界上唯一能完全理解这些研究的人。在默西塞德郡期间,他觉得自己从未离开过马恩岛,因为他与朋友保持联系,并继续说这种语言,为文化生活做出贡献。他在利物浦演讲并教授爱尔兰语,再次面对巨大的偏见。也正是在利物浦,他遇到并激励了马恩岛的学生Phil Gawne和Adrian Cain,他们两人继续在马恩岛语言社区发挥积极作用,主要是通过他们在马恩岛遗产基金会(现为文化先锋基金会)担任马恩岛语言发展官,以及通过Mooinjer Veggey的工作,Brian后来将担任该基金会的董事会成员。布赖恩是一个对自己的学识轻描淡写的人,他的谦逊只会让他对自己的技能、知识和才华产生更深的尊重。家人和朋友形容他是一个坚强、独立的人,他的叛逆性格伴随着极大的幽默感。布莱恩在与帕特的第一次婚姻中抚养了他的两个孩子,《民间生活2019》,第57卷,第1期,80-83页https://doi.org/10.1080/04308778.2019.1589024
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引用次数: 0
One rough life, Ted Ashlaw: Adirondack lumber camp and barroom singer 一个艰难的生活,Ted Ashlaw:阿迪朗达克木材营地和酒吧歌手
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2019.1599214
P. Cowdell
received knowledge to specific circumstances’ (234). The precarity of the fisherman’s trade is a central focus of this chapter and it comes as little surprise that the concept of danger is posited as one of the key reasons for the persistence of name avoidance practices over hundreds of years: ‘In the acutely unpredictable environment of the fisherman’s workplace, care must be taken not to upset the delicate balance of things, and avoidance was therefore the order of the day in the case of anything which might be suspect’ (240). The function of these practices is further elaborated in Chapter 6, ‘The naming-prohibitions and euphemisms at work’, in which the author examines the purpose served by the name avoidances by interpreting their role as ‘confidence builders and coping mechanisms’, as a means for encouraging focus and mental alertness while at sea, and as cultural markers of group identity (291–300). Cold Iron is an informed and insightful analysis of a previously under-researched topic in Irish folklore and it is sure to become a contemporary classic in Irish folklore studies and further afield. The book is beautifully designed by Red Dog and the maps, tables and graphs were compiled by Seán Ó Domhnaill of Media Services, University College Dublin. Photographs taken by the author and her colleagues of fishermen who participated in the study are interspersed with images from the photographic collection of the NFC and other archives. Profits and sales of this publication will be invested in conservation and publication of the National Folklore Collection, UCD.
获得特定情况的知识”(234)。渔民贸易的不稳定是本章的重点,危险的概念被认为是数百年来持续存在的避税行为的关键原因之一,这一点也不奇怪:“在渔民工作场所这种极不可预测的环境中,必须注意不要破坏事物的微妙平衡,因此,在任何可能可疑的情况下,回避都是当务之急”(240)。这些做法的功能在第6章“工作中的命名禁令和委婉语”中得到了进一步的阐述,在该章中,作者通过解释其作为“信心建设者和应对机制”的作用,作为在海上鼓励注意力集中和精神警觉的手段,以及作为群体身份的文化标志,来检验名字回避的目的(291-300)。《冷铁》是对爱尔兰民俗学中一个先前研究不足的主题的一个有见地和深刻见解的分析,它肯定会成为爱尔兰民俗主义研究和更远领域的当代经典。这本书由Red Dog设计精美,地图、表格和图表由都柏林大学学院媒体服务部的SeánóDomhnaill编辑。作者和她的同事为参与研究的渔民拍摄的照片中穿插着NFC和其他档案馆的照片。该出版物的利润和销售额将投资于保护和出版UCD国家民俗收藏。
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引用次数: 0
Croiceann cruaidh féarmhar an talaimh: a material culture of the skin of the earth – the example of roofing with sod parings in Ireland 地球的秋季钢十字架:地球表层的物质文化——爱尔兰草皮屋顶的例子
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 FOLKLORE Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/04308778.2019.1592936
F. Mullane
ABSTRACT An examination of the material culture of building with earth in Ireland suggests an old and widespread cultural practice that continued well into the twentieth century. Ethnography indicates a highly developed understanding of natural materials and ecologies, considerable practical knowledge, significant technical skill in the rich variety of the types of earth used, a wealth of construction techniques, and a precise, extensive terminology in two languages. Despite its past importance and viability in building, earth is predominantly a devalued and forgotten construction material in Ireland today. Identity is aligned with building in stone, the whitewashed single-storey thatch-roof dwelling house providing the most striking example. This paper explores the use of earth in roof making, and aims to rehabilitate awareness in relation to earth-building practices in Ireland. These include roofing with earth-sod parings, turf and sod walling, the employment of tempered clay in walling, and the use of earth in flooring.
摘要对爱尔兰用土建造的物质文化的考察表明,这种古老而广泛的文化习俗一直延续到二十世纪。人种学表明对自然材料和生态的高度理解、相当多的实践知识、在所用土壤类型的丰富多样性方面的重要技术技能、丰富的建筑技术以及两种语言的精确、广泛的术语。尽管地球过去在建筑中具有重要意义和可行性,但在今天的爱尔兰,它主要是一种贬值和被遗忘的建筑材料。身份认同与石头建筑相一致,粉刷过的单层茅草屋顶住宅就是最引人注目的例子。本文探讨了在屋顶制作中使用泥土的问题,旨在恢复爱尔兰对泥土建筑实践的认识。这些措施包括用草皮削成的屋顶、草皮和草皮墙、在墙中使用调和粘土以及在地板中使用泥土。
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引用次数: 1
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Folk Life-Journal of Ethnological Studies
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