Abstract:This paper reports the results of an exploratory semantic analysis of Croatian suffixations in -stv(o). The suffix builds nouns which denote qualities, professions, states, collectivities, etc., and most suffixations take different interpretations in different contexts. Our aim is to identify the suffix's most type-frequent and productive meanings as well as typical patterns of polysemy in -stv(o) derivatives and their main motivating mechanisms. Assuming a usage-based Cognitive Grammar stance and Barcelona's (2011) gradient view of metonymy, we examine an extensive corpus of suffixations and propose low-level generalizations, i.e., symbolic schemas that are shown to be variably frequent and productive. Although no single superschema can capture the extreme semantic variability of -stv(o) derivatives, we identify various local patterns of polysemy, which are predominantly motivated by metonymy.
{"title":"The Croatian Suffix -stv(o): A Study of Meaning and Polysemy in Word Formation","authors":"Gabrijela Buljan","doi":"10.1353/JSL.2018.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/JSL.2018.0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This paper reports the results of an exploratory semantic analysis of Croatian suffixations in -stv(o). The suffix builds nouns which denote qualities, professions, states, collectivities, etc., and most suffixations take different interpretations in different contexts. Our aim is to identify the suffix's most type-frequent and productive meanings as well as typical patterns of polysemy in -stv(o) derivatives and their main motivating mechanisms. Assuming a usage-based Cognitive Grammar stance and Barcelona's (2011) gradient view of metonymy, we examine an extensive corpus of suffixations and propose low-level generalizations, i.e., symbolic schemas that are shown to be variably frequent and productive. Although no single superschema can capture the extreme semantic variability of -stv(o) derivatives, we identify various local patterns of polysemy, which are predominantly motivated by metonymy.","PeriodicalId":52037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Slavic Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/JSL.2018.0008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44864719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From the Editors","authors":"Franc Marušič, Rok Žaucer","doi":"10.1353/jsl.2018.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jsl.2018.0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Slavic Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/jsl.2018.0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47841524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The divergence of actual spoken usage from the prescriptive Croatian accentual norm has been widely noted, but such observations are largely impressionistic. Relatively little acoustic data is available for the realization of lexical prosodic features specifically in Croatian, as opposed to other closely related varieties, and previous studies have focused mainly on measurements of isolated forms produced by "model" speakers, chosen specifically for their ability to reproduce the standard accentuation. The current study analyzes samples of connected speech taken from recordings of the program Govorimo hrvatski on Croatian Radio 1, comparing the results to those in previous acoustic studies of Croatian or Serbian accentuation. The implications of these findings for the viability of the current prescriptive norm are considered within the Croatian sociolinguistic context.
{"title":"Prescriptive Accentual Norms Versus Usage in Croatian: An Acoustic Study of Standard Pronunciation","authors":"Keith N. Langston","doi":"10.1353/JSL.2018.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/JSL.2018.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The divergence of actual spoken usage from the prescriptive Croatian accentual norm has been widely noted, but such observations are largely impressionistic. Relatively little acoustic data is available for the realization of lexical prosodic features specifically in Croatian, as opposed to other closely related varieties, and previous studies have focused mainly on measurements of isolated forms produced by \"model\" speakers, chosen specifically for their ability to reproduce the standard accentuation. The current study analyzes samples of connected speech taken from recordings of the program Govorimo hrvatski on Croatian Radio 1, comparing the results to those in previous acoustic studies of Croatian or Serbian accentuation. The implications of these findings for the viability of the current prescriptive norm are considered within the Croatian sociolinguistic context.","PeriodicalId":52037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Slavic Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/JSL.2018.0009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44204279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This paper investigates the morphosyntax of gender in Russian sex-differentiable nouns within the framework of Distributed Morphology (Halle and Marantz 1993; Halle 1997; Marantz 1997), which, to the best of my knowledge, has not been studied before. Distributed Morphology differentiates between word formation from √ roots and from syntactic categories; this distinction enables us to analyze syntactic processes that happen within words. The paper argues that grammatical gender in sex-differentiable nouns can be determined from a combination of the declension class and the natural gender of the referent. Thus there is no need to posit grammatical gender features in the syntax of such nouns. This work is a revision and development of the earlier Distributed Gender Hypothesis (Steriopolo and Wiltschko 2010). This research will be of interest to Russian specialists, language typologists, and theoretical linguists, as well as to anyone interested in the Russian language and gender.
摘要：本文在分布形态学（Halle and Marantz 1993；Halle 1997；Marantz 1997）的框架下研究了俄语性别可微名词的性别形态句法，据我所知，这是以前从未研究过的。分布式形态学区分单词形成和√ 词根和句法范畴；这种区别使我们能够分析单词中发生的句法过程。本文认为，性可微名词的语法性别可以由指称对象的词缀类和自然性别的组合来确定。因此，没有必要在这些名词的语法中假定语法性别特征。这项工作是对早期分布性别假说（Steriopolo和Wiltschko，2010年）的修订和发展。这项研究将引起俄罗斯专家、语言类型学家、理论语言学家以及任何对俄罗斯语言和性别感兴趣的人的兴趣。
{"title":"Morphosyntax of Gender in Russian Sex-Differentiable Nouns","authors":"Olga Steriopolo","doi":"10.1353/JSL.2018.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/JSL.2018.0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This paper investigates the morphosyntax of gender in Russian sex-differentiable nouns within the framework of Distributed Morphology (Halle and Marantz 1993; Halle 1997; Marantz 1997), which, to the best of my knowledge, has not been studied before. Distributed Morphology differentiates between word formation from √ roots and from syntactic categories; this distinction enables us to analyze syntactic processes that happen within words. The paper argues that grammatical gender in sex-differentiable nouns can be determined from a combination of the declension class and the natural gender of the referent. Thus there is no need to posit grammatical gender features in the syntax of such nouns. This work is a revision and development of the earlier Distributed Gender Hypothesis (Steriopolo and Wiltschko 2010). This research will be of interest to Russian specialists, language typologists, and theoretical linguists, as well as to anyone interested in the Russian language and gender.","PeriodicalId":52037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Slavic Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/JSL.2018.0010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41477337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Andrei Anatolievich Zalizniak In Memoriam","authors":"Vladimir Borschev, B. Partee","doi":"10.1353/JSL.2018.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/JSL.2018.0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Slavic Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/JSL.2018.0001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43944039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This paper discusses a colloquial variety of Polish relative clauses introduced by the uninflected relative marker co. Unlike previous accounts, the analysis concentrates on authentic spoken utterances marked by structural unintegration—a common feature of spontaneous spoken language. As is shown, co clauses in unplanned speech depart from the traditional perception of what function they perform and how they do it. The advantage of using corpus data is that they offer insight into a wider range of functions of co than previously reported. These functions include a weakly subordinating conjunction, a general discourse connective, and time- and place-reference conjunctions similar to English when and where. Additionally, some cases are ambiguous as to which of these functions co serves. The basic relativizing use of co is also revised and its description is enriched by an analysis of co clauses in spontaneous speech, in which several unintegration features were observed. They are in general related to the loose syntactic relationship of the head NP to the co clause. Specific features of unintegration include (i) co clauses as complete clauses with no gaps, (ii) idiosyncrasy and context-dependency of interpretation, (iii) nonmatching case forms and lack of required resumptive pronouns, (iv) preposition ellipsis, (v) long-distance relationship between the head and co clause, (vi) ambiguity in the semantic contribution of co clauses and of the marker co itself, and (vii) lack of a clearly specified nominal head.
摘要:本文讨论了波兰语中由未变形关系标记co引入的一种口语化关系从句。与以往的报道不同，本文的分析集中在以结构不整合为特征的真实口语上，这是自发口语的一个共同特征。如图所示，非计划语中的从句偏离了对它们发挥什么功能以及如何发挥功能的传统认知。使用语料库数据的优势在于，它们提供了比以前报道的更广泛的co功能的见解。这些功能包括弱从属连词、一般语篇连接词以及类似于英语的when and where的时间和地点参考连词。此外，在某些情况下，对于这些函数中的哪一个是不明确的。通过对自发语中co从句的分析，对co的基本相对用法进行了修正，并丰富了对co的描述，其中观察到一些不整合的特征。它们通常与词头NP与co子句的松散句法关系有关。不整合的具体特征包括(i) co分句是完整的分句，没有间隙;(ii)解释的特质和上下文依赖性;(iii)格形式不匹配，缺乏必要的恢复代词;(iv)介词省略;(v)从句和co分句之间的远距离关系;(vi) co分句和标记物co本身的语义贡献不明确;(vii)缺乏明确规定的名义句头。
{"title":"Unintegration and Polyfunctionality in Polish co Relative Clauses","authors":"Wojciech Guz","doi":"10.1353/JSL.2018.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/JSL.2018.0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This paper discusses a colloquial variety of Polish relative clauses introduced by the uninflected relative marker co. Unlike previous accounts, the analysis concentrates on authentic spoken utterances marked by structural unintegration—a common feature of spontaneous spoken language. As is shown, co clauses in unplanned speech depart from the traditional perception of what function they perform and how they do it. The advantage of using corpus data is that they offer insight into a wider range of functions of co than previously reported. These functions include a weakly subordinating conjunction, a general discourse connective, and time- and place-reference conjunctions similar to English when and where. Additionally, some cases are ambiguous as to which of these functions co serves. The basic relativizing use of co is also revised and its description is enriched by an analysis of co clauses in spontaneous speech, in which several unintegration features were observed. They are in general related to the loose syntactic relationship of the head NP to the co clause. Specific features of unintegration include (i) co clauses as complete clauses with no gaps, (ii) idiosyncrasy and context-dependency of interpretation, (iii) nonmatching case forms and lack of required resumptive pronouns, (iv) preposition ellipsis, (v) long-distance relationship between the head and co clause, (vi) ambiguity in the semantic contribution of co clauses and of the marker co itself, and (vii) lack of a clearly specified nominal head.","PeriodicalId":52037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Slavic Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/JSL.2018.0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66576675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This paper proposes a scalar analysis of polysemy of Russian verbal prefixes. The lexical entry remains constant throughout all uses of a given prefix: it relates the event, denoted by the prefixed verb, to a scale. The specific kind of transition denoted by the prefix is the source of the similarities in meaning. The structure, into which the prefix is inserted, varies and determines the scale along which the event is measured out, which may be a path (with verbs of motion), a scale of change, or the temporal trace of the event. It is demonstrated that the semantic differences go hand in hand with structural differences and that the meaning of a prefix is predictable based on the event structure of the verb it attaches to. If the verb lexicalizes a scale of change, the prefix must measure out the result, mapping the event onto a scale, which is the complement of the result. If the verb contains conflated material and is incompatible with a result, the only available position is above aspect, where the superlexical prefix measures out the time of the event. A direct object may serve either as the resultee undergoing a change of state or as the measuring scale (as in the case of spatial and consumption verbs). Many verbs are flexible, and then the prefix may take on different meanings and the structure depends on whether the event is interpreted as involving a change of state or an unbounded activity.
{"title":"Polysemy of Verbal Prefixes in Russian","authors":"Inna Tolskaya","doi":"10.1353/JSL.2018.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/JSL.2018.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This paper proposes a scalar analysis of polysemy of Russian verbal prefixes. The lexical entry remains constant throughout all uses of a given prefix: it relates the event, denoted by the prefixed verb, to a scale. The specific kind of transition denoted by the prefix is the source of the similarities in meaning. The structure, into which the prefix is inserted, varies and determines the scale along which the event is measured out, which may be a path (with verbs of motion), a scale of change, or the temporal trace of the event. It is demonstrated that the semantic differences go hand in hand with structural differences and that the meaning of a prefix is predictable based on the event structure of the verb it attaches to. If the verb lexicalizes a scale of change, the prefix must measure out the result, mapping the event onto a scale, which is the complement of the result. If the verb contains conflated material and is incompatible with a result, the only available position is above aspect, where the superlexical prefix measures out the time of the event. A direct object may serve either as the resultee undergoing a change of state or as the measuring scale (as in the case of spatial and consumption verbs). Many verbs are flexible, and then the prefix may take on different meanings and the structure depends on whether the event is interpreted as involving a change of state or an unbounded activity.","PeriodicalId":52037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Slavic Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/JSL.2018.0004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42897043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Syntax and Spell-Out in Slavic by Steven Franks (review)","authors":"J. Witkoś","doi":"10.1353/JSL.2018.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/JSL.2018.0006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Slavic Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/JSL.2018.0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66576369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From the Editors","authors":"Franc Marušič, Rok Žaucer","doi":"10.1353/jsl.2018.0000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/jsl.2018.0000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52037,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Slavic Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/jsl.2018.0000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46773911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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