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Multi-lender choice: Corporate bonds vs syndicated loans in mexican firms 多贷款人选择:墨西哥公司的公司债券与银团贷款
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-10-26 DOI: 10.22201/fca.24488410e.2023.4477
María De las Mercedes Adamuz Peña, Janko Hernández Cortés, Jorge Omar Moreno Treviño
We study the long-term financing choice between syndicated loans and Mexican firms' issuance of public debt. We restrict our attention to those firms that issue securities in capital markets. Our findings suggest that the firm's size, the quality of its collateral
本文研究了银团贷款与墨西哥企业发行国债之间的长期融资选择。我们只关注那些在资本市场发行证券的公司。我们的研究结果表明,公司的规模,其抵押品的质量
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引用次数: 0
Is the omega ratio a good portfolio optimization criterion? 比率是一个好的投资组合优化标准吗?
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-10-18 DOI: 10.22201/fca.24488410e.2023.3432
Ángel Samaniego Alcántar

The Omega ratio has been widely used in the literature to optimize and search for good performance in investment portfolios.  It considers both the downside and upside potential of the portfolio with respect to a predetermined threshold, which can be fixed or time varying. Mixed results have been obtained in different markets and periods. And when combined with other performance or risk measures, its results can be improved. The proposed model restricts the omega ratio to a value of less than 470, a maximum investment in each asset of 15%, with a target annual return equal to the return of the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) among the assets that make up the index. In the study period (2000-2020, rolling window with annual return per day) there is a 64% probability of outperforming the DJIA with an appraisal of 2.36, higher than the other models used (Upside potential, Downside potential, semi-variance and unconstrained Omega).

在文献中,Omega比率被广泛用于优化和寻找投资组合的良好绩效。它考虑投资组合相对于预定阈值的下行和上行潜力,该阈值可以是固定的或随时间变化的。在不同的市场和时期取得了不同的结果。当与其他绩效或风险度量相结合时,其结果可以得到改善。所提出的模型将omega比率限制为小于470,每种资产的最大投资为15%,目标年回报等于道琼斯工业平均指数(DJIA)在构成该指数的资产中的回报。在研究期间(2000-2020年,每天的年收益滚动窗口),有64%的概率表现优于道琼斯工业平均指数,评估为2.36,高于使用的其他模型(上行潜力,下行潜力,半方差和无约束Omega)。
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引用次数: 0
Hours ahead automed long short-term memory (LSTM) electricity load forecasting at substation level: Newcastle substation 变电站级的自动长短期记忆(LSTM)电力负荷预测:纽卡斯尔变电站
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-10-12 DOI: 10.22201/fca.24488410e.2023.3356
Wellcome Peujio Jiotsop Foze, A. Hernández-del-Valle
Nowadays, electrical energy is of vital importance in our lives, every country needs this resource to develop its economy, factories, businesses, and homes are the basis of the economic structure of a country. In the city of Newcastle as in other cities are in constant development growing day by day in terms of industries, homes and businesses, these elements are the ones that consume all the electricity produced in Newcastle. Although Australia has strategically located substations that serve the function of supplying all existing loads with quality power, from time to time the load will exceed the capacity of these substations and will not be able to supply the loads that will arise in the future as the city grows. To find a solution to this problem, we use a deep learning model to improve accuracy. In this paper, a Long Short-Term Memory recurrent neural network (LSTM) is tested on a publicly available 30-minute dataset containing measured real power data for individual zone substations in the Ausgrid supply area data. The performance of the model is comprehensively compared with 4 different configurations of the LSTM. The proposed LSTM approach with 2 hidden layers and 50 neurons outperforms the other configurations with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.0050 in the short-term load forecasting task for substations.
如今,电能在我们的生活中至关重要,每个国家都需要这种资源来发展经济,工厂、企业和家庭是一个国家经济结构的基础。纽卡斯尔市和其他城市一样,在工业、家庭和商业方面不断发展,这些因素消耗了纽卡斯尔生产的所有电力。尽管澳大利亚有战略性的变电站,可以为所有现有负载提供优质电力,但随着城市的发展,负载有时会超过这些变电站的容量,无法为未来出现的负载供电。为了找到这个问题的解决方案,我们使用了一个深度学习模型来提高准确性。在本文中,长短期记忆递归神经网络(LSTM)在公开的30分钟数据集上进行了测试,该数据集包含Ausgrid供电区数据中单个区域变电站的实测实际功率数据。该模型的性能与LSTM的4种不同配置进行了全面比较。所提出的具有2个隐藏层和50个神经元的LSTM方法在变电站的短期负荷预测任务中优于其他配置,平均绝对误差(MAE)为0.0050。
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引用次数: 0
Internal audit function, political characteristics, and compliance with government accrual-based accounting standards in Indonesian local government 印尼地方政府内部审计职能、政治特征与政府权责发生制会计准则的遵从性
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-10-11 DOI: 10.22201/fca.24488410e.2023.3357
S. Sutaryo, S. Sahari, Shaharudin Jakpar, Sophee Sulong Balia
We investigate the effect of local government internal audit function and political characteristics on accounting compliance based on government accrual-based accounting standards in Indonesia while controlling for financial and local government characteristics. Our analysis is conducted for 2015-2018 with panel data regression, equipped with a robustness test using logistic regression. Our results show that internal audit function capability, maturity, expertise
我们在控制财政和地方政府特征的同时,基于印尼政府权责发生制会计准则,研究了地方政府内部审计职能和政治特征对会计合规性的影响。我们对2015-2018年进行了面板数据回归分析,并使用逻辑回归进行了稳健性检验。我们的研究结果表明,内部审计职能的能力、成熟度、专业性
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引用次数: 0
Volatilidad y creación de valor en el mercado integrado Latinoamericano 拉丁美洲一体化市场的波动性和价值创造
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-10-11 DOI: 10.22201/fca.24488410e.2023.3080
Sandra Gaitan Riaño, Jaime Ospina Mejía, Ana Maria Sierra Jaramillo
En la actualidad, la integración apunta a reducir la atomización del mercado al concentrar la liquidez y profundidad de cada uno de los actores que integran el Mercado Integrado Latinoamericano (MILA) en un solo lugar. Facilita la incorporación al mercado de capitales internacional, permitiendo el acceso a mayores fuentes de financiación diferentes a las tradicionales que ofrece la banca. Por esta razón se considera importante estudiar la relación entre la creación de valor y la volatilidad de las firmas que hacen parte del MILA durante el periodo comprendido entre 2007 y 2017. Para contrastar esta relación se utilizan diferentes modelos econométricos que permiten evidenciar una relación negativa y estadísticamente significativa entre la creación de valor para el accionista y la volatilidad. Esto implica que las compañías que generan más incertidumbre reflejada en una mayor volatilidad, medida en términos de los retornos diarios, presentan menor creación de valor para el accionista.
目前,一体化旨在通过将组成拉丁美洲一体化市场(Mila)的每个参与者的流动性和深度集中在一个地方来减少市场的原子化。它有助于进入国际资本市场,允许获得比银行提供的传统资金更多的资金来源。出于这个原因,研究2007年至2017年期间作为Mila一部分的公司的价值创造与波动之间的关系被认为是重要的。为了对比这种关系,使用了不同的经济计量模型,可以证明为股东创造价值与波动性之间存在负且在统计上显著的关系。这意味着,以每日收益衡量,产生更多不确定性的公司对股东的价值创造较少,反映在更大的波动性中。
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引用次数: 1
Spillover de volatilidad entre el mercado de las criptomonedas, los mercados financieros y commodities 加密货币市场、金融市场和大宗商品之间的波动溢出
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-09-29 DOI: 10.22201/fca.24488410e.2023.3396
Erik Mauricio Muñoz Henríquez, F. A. Gálvez Gamboa
El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el efecto spillover entre el mercado de las criptomonedas, los mercados financieros y commodities, utilizando índices de volatilidad realizada de las diez criptomonedas con mayor capitalización de mercado y la volatilidad implícita de las cotizaciones del Oro (GVZ) y el Petróleo (OVX), y el mercado financiero norteamericano (VIX) y europeo (VSTOXX) a través del Spillover Index basado en un Vector Autorregresivo (VAR). Los resultados indican que Ethereum es el mayor transmisor de volatilidad, seguido por Cardamo, mientras que los mayores receptores de volatilidad son ChainLink y BinanceCoin. Además, demostramos a través de la utilización de la volatilidad implícita que la contribución de los mercados financieros al spillover no excede el 3%, incluso resultados menores se evidencian con ambos commodities. El análisis de impulso-respuesta muestra el mayor efecto sobre las criptomonedas proviene del VIX, junto con una respuesta negativa ante un shock en el OVX y GVZ.
这项工作的目的是分析影响spillover criptomonedas市场之间,金融市场和商品,使用进行波动指数市值最高的十个criptomonedas利率市场波动含蓄的黄金(GVZ)和石油(OVX),美国金融市场(voix)和欧洲(spillover Index VSTOXX)通过基于矢量回归(VAR)。结果表明,以太坊是最大的波动传递者,其次是Cardamo,而最大的波动接受者是ChainLink和BinanceCoin。本文利用隐含波动率的使用,证明了金融市场对溢出的贡献不超过3%,这两种商品的结果都较低。脉冲响应分析显示,对加密货币的最大影响来自VIX,以及对OVX和GVZ冲击的负面反应。
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引用次数: 0
Influencia del entorno macroeconómico en la creación de empresas en Perú 宏观经济环境对秘鲁创业的影响
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-09-26 DOI: 10.22201/fca.24488410e.2022.3242
Juan Celestino León Mendoza
En un escenario de grandes diferencias departamentales en la tasa de creación de empresas al interior del Perú, el objetivo del presente estudio consistió en especificar las variables del entorno macroeconómico que influyen en la creación de empresas a nivel de los departamentos peruanos. Para ello, se efectuaron regresiones econométricas con datos de panel balanceado utilizando tres métodos: Mínimos cuadrados ordinarios, el modelo de efectos fijos y el modelo de efectos aleatorios. Mediante la prueba F y el Test de Hausman se eligió al modelo de efectos aleatorios como el mejor. Según dicho modelo, la creación de empresas está influenciada, en sentido positivo, por: el producto interno bruto, el empleo laboral, el crédito financiero y el gasto de inversión pública. De esa manera se llegó a determinar la importancia que tiene el contexto macroeconómico en el proceso microeconómico de emprender nuevas empresas o negocios en el Perú.
在秘鲁内部部门创业率存在巨大差异的情况下,本研究的目的是具体说明影响秘鲁部门层面企业创业的宏观经济环境变量。为此,我们采用普通最小二乘、固定效应模型和随机效应模型三种方法对平衡面板数据进行计量回归。通过F检验和Hausman检验,选择随机效应模型为最佳模型。根据该模型,企业创建受到国内生产总值、就业、金融信贷和公共投资支出的积极影响。因此,它确定了宏观经济背景在秘鲁开办新企业或企业的微观经济过程中的重要性。
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引用次数: 1
Critical factors to improve customer satisfaction and reduce operating costs in large and medium-sized manufacturing companies in Nuevo León and the impact caused by the COVID pandemic 新莱昂大中型制造公司提高客户满意度和降低运营成本的关键因素以及新冠肺炎疫情造成的影响
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-09-23 DOI: 10.22201/fca.24488410e.2022.4437
Jorge Manuel Quiroga Mireles, Jesús Fabián López Pérez
The objective of this document is to determine how transportation, trained personnel, customs procedures, preventive maintenance and inventory reliability impact customer satisfaction and operating costs in large and medium-sized companies in the State of Nuevo Leon, Mexico; Likewise, how they were affected by the pandemic caused by COVID. To carry out this research, a measurement instrument was developed, being of a non-experimental, descriptive and longitudinal type, where the results are first evaluated before the pandemic and after the presence of COVID. To analyze the collected information, the structural equation model was used with the method of partial least squares with the SmartPLS3 software. The results are initially presented globally, and later two groups were formed by type of company, those with Mexican and foreign capital; In this way, the approaches of each group and the impact of the factors on the response variables can be evaluated. The results presented in this article are expected to guide companies to improve customer satisfaction and reduce operating costs with and without a pandemic.
本文件的目的是确定运输、训练有素的人员、海关程序、预防性维修和库存可靠性如何影响墨西哥新莱昂州大中型公司的客户满意度和运营成本;同样,他们是如何受到COVID大流行的影响的。为了开展这项研究,开发了一种非实验性、描述性和纵向型的测量仪器,在大流行之前和出现COVID之后首先对结果进行评估。利用SmartPLS3软件,采用偏最小二乘法建立结构方程模型,对收集到的信息进行分析。结果最初是在全球范围内呈现的,后来根据公司类型分为两组,墨西哥和外国资本;这样就可以评价每一组的方法以及各因素对响应变量的影响。本文提出的结果预计将指导公司提高客户满意度并降低运营成本,无论是否发生大流行。
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引用次数: 0
Análisis espacial comparativo 2021-2022 de la pandemia por covid-19 y sus efectos en la pobreza en México 2021-2022年covid-19大流行及其对墨西哥贫困影响的比较空间分析
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-09-22 DOI: 10.22201/fca.24488410e.2022.4820
José Arturo Cerón Vargas, Miguel Santiago Reyes Hernández, Fernando Muñoz Alonso, Jorge Alberto Gutiérrez Pozos
La hipótesis central del proyecto considera que la presencia y contagios del SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-2019) se ha estado desarrollando bajo un patrón sistemático, es decir, no de forma aleatoria; existiendo zonas específicas del país en donde se concentra, primordialmente por el tamaño de la población que habita en dichos municipios, pero adicional, correlacionado con variables del entorno (sociales y económicas) que han determinado la gravedad de los efectos de la enfermedad en dichos territorios. Los resultados de esta investigación permiten comparar e identificar “puntos calientes” de contagio por COVID-19 de enero 2021 a enero 2022, no sólo por el tamaño de la población, sino por las condiciones sociales en que vive dicha población y con ello, observar los impactos de la enfermedad en el tiempo.
该项目的中心假设认为,SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-2019)的存在和感染是在系统模式下发展的,即不是随机的;该疾病集中在该国的特定地区,主要是由于居住在这些城市的人口规模,但也与环境变量(社会和经济)有关,这些变量决定了该疾病在这些地区影响的严重程度。这个研究结果的可比较和识别“热点地区”感染COVID-19 2021年1月1月至2022年,不仅人口的规模,社会条件在这居住人口中,观察疾病影响的时间。
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引用次数: 0
Organización industrial de la banca, regulación financiera y antimonopolios 银行、金融监管和反垄断的产业组织
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-09-22 DOI: 10.22201/fca.24488410e.2022.2893
Michel Eduardo Betancourt Gomez
El objetivo de este artículo es examinar teóricamente la relación entre la regulación prudencial y antimonopolios de los bancos. Para esto se elabora un modelo teórico donde se consideran diferentes situaciones de regulación prudencial y se evalúan sus repercusiones sobre el poder de mercado y la organización industrial de los bancos. Cuando el poder de mercado es elevado significa que la regulación antimonopolios está siendo poco efectiva y, por lo tanto, existe poca competencia. Los resultados teóricos permiten concluir que el poder de mercado de un banco es más elevado cuando la regulación prudencial es rígida, lo que implica que existe un conflicto entre la regulación prudencial y la regulación antimonopolios. Por último, se ofrece evidencia empírica de esta situación para el caso de México y se propone un nuevo esquema de regulación para solucionar esta inconsistencia.
本文的目的是从理论上检验审慎监管与反垄断银行之间的关系。本文提出了一种方法,通过这种方法,银行的市场力量和产业组织的影响被考虑到不同的审慎监管情况。当市场力量高时,就意味着反垄断监管效率低下,因此竞争很少。本文分析了审慎监管与反垄断监管之间的冲突,并提出了审慎监管与反垄断监管之间的冲突。最后,本文以墨西哥为例,提供了这种情况的经验证据,并提出了一种新的监管方案来解决这种不一致。
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引用次数: 0
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Contaduria y Administracion
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