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An Exploration of Social Media Users’ Desires to Become Social Media Influencers 社交媒体用户成为社交媒体影响者的愿望探析
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1177/09760911231159690
Sheldon Fetter, Paige Coyne, S. Monk, S. J. Woodruff
With increased social media (SM) use, users are becoming frequently more exposed to SM influencers. This study aimed to explore SM influencer aspirations among young adults, specifically investigating the desire and rationale to become a SM influencer. Moreover, aspirations of becoming a SM influencer were explored by perceptions of SM influencers and SM use. The sample included 769 young Canadians (aged 16–30) who were mainly women (n = 599, 79%). Overall, 29 (4%) participants considered themselves to be SM influencers, whereas 579 (75%) participants reported that they wanted to (maybe or yes) become a SM influencer. The top three reasons for wanting to be an influencer were money, the opportunity to try new products or services, and it’s fun work. In addition, having certain perceptions of SM influencers (e.g., knowing an influencer, or having been influenced) significantly predicted the desire to be a SM influencer (p < 0.001). Moreover, certain SM usage patterns (e.g., time spent on SM) significantly predicted the desire to be a SM influencer (p < 0.001). These findings could help researchers understand the impact of SM influencers on their followers and the potential reasons why SM users aspire to become SM influencers themselves.
随着社交媒体(SM)使用的增加,用户越来越多地接触到SM影响者。本研究旨在探索年轻人对SM网红的渴望,特别是调查成为SM网红者的愿望和理由。此外,通过对SM影响者和SM使用的感知,探索了成为SM影响者的愿望。样本包括769名加拿大年轻人(年龄在16-20岁之间),他们主要是女性(n=599,79%)。总体而言,29名(4%)参与者认为自己是SM影响者,而579名(75%)参与者表示他们想(也许或是)成为SM影响者。想要成为一名有影响力的人的三大原因是金钱、尝试新产品或服务的机会,以及这是一项有趣的工作。此外,对SM影响者有一定的认知(例如,了解影响者或受到影响)可以显著预测成为SM影响者的愿望(p<0.001)。此外,某些SM使用模式(例如,花在SM上的时间)显著预测了成为SM影响者的愿望(p<0.001)。这些发现可以帮助研究人员了解SM影响者对其追随者的影响,以及SM用户渴望自己成为SM影响人的潜在原因。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of Perceived Media Support on Negative Experiences of LGBTQ+ Individuals 感知媒体支持对LGBTQ+个体负面体验的影响
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.1177/09760911231159822
R. Shabahang, Michael Brewer, M. Aruguete, Hyejin Shim, Z. Ghaemi, Benyamin Mokhtari Chirani
Few studies have scrutinized the use of popular media as a practical tool for reducing homophobia and providing services for LGBTQ+ people. This survey study sought to gauge the association of LGBTQ+ individuals’ subjective judgment that social support is available through media (Perceived Media Support; PMS) with their identity and psychological status. We turn to Cultivation Theory and the Parasocial Contact Hypothesis as guiding frameworks to develop the Perceived Media Support Inventory (PMSI), capturing the emotional, instrumental, informational and esteem support that LGBTQ+ individuals perceive from popular media. We collected data from 200 self-identified participants in Iran. Factor and item analyses verified the robustness of the PSMI. PMS was revealed as associated with identity certainty in gays, lesbians and transgender people, identity affirmation in bisexuals, decreased acceptance concerns in transgender people, reduced anxiety in gays, and elevated resilience to stressful circumstances in LGBTQ+s. Besides, surprisingly, PMS was linked to several ramifications, such as identity uncertainty in bisexuals, identity superiority and concealment motivation in gays, internalized homonegativity in transgender people, difficult orientation/identity development process in gays, anxiety in LGBTQ+s in general, a feeling of psychological distance from the community in lesbians and feeling of hatred toward the community in gays. Findings suggest that perceived media support has positive and negative psychological consequences on Iranian LGBTQ+ people, leading us to theorize the dialectics of cultivated media support.
很少有研究仔细研究将流行媒体作为减少恐同症和为LGBTQ+人群提供服务的实用工具。这项调查研究试图衡量LGBTQ+个人的主观判断,即通过媒体可以获得社会支持(感知媒体支持;PMS)与他们的身份和心理状态之间的关系。我们将培养理论和准社会接触假说作为开发感知媒体支持量表(PMSI)的指导框架,捕捉LGBTQ+个人从流行媒体中感知到的情感、工具、信息和尊重支持。我们收集了来自伊朗200名自称参与者的数据。因素和项目分析验证了PSMI的稳健性。经前综合症与男同性恋和跨性别者的身份确定性、双性恋者的身份肯定、跨性别者对接受的担忧减少、同性恋者的焦虑减少以及LGBTQ+s对压力环境的抵抗力提高有关。此外,令人惊讶的是,经前综合症与一些后果有关,如双性恋者的身份不确定性、同性恋者的身份优越性和隐蔽动机、跨性别者的内在同负性、同性恋者难以进行定向/身份发展过程、LGBTQ+人群的焦虑,女同性恋者与社区的心理距离感和同性恋者对社区的仇恨感。研究结果表明,感知的媒体支持对伊朗LGBTQ+人群有积极和消极的心理影响,这使我们对培养的媒体支持的辩证法进行了理论化。
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引用次数: 0
Influencers and Their Salience: Public Perceptions of Individual Agendas on Instagram 影响力人物及其显著性:公众对Instagram上个人议程的看法
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.1177/09760911231163281
Philemon Bantimaroudis
This article draws evidence from a national survey conducted in the Republic of Cyprus. Examining the influencer phenomenon, personal salience is scrutinised as the primary objective of ordinary social media users seeking to draw attention toward themselves. Respondents provided evidence about the types of content they desire in connection with influencers they follow on social media. Furthermore, they provided perceptional evidence about Instagram’s capacity to render individuals salient in social media communities. Finally, the study shows that demographic characteristics and certain types of personal content are associated with influencers’ personal salience.
本文引用了在塞浦路斯共和国进行的一项全国调查的证据。研究网红现象,个人突出性被视为普通社交媒体用户寻求吸引注意力的主要目标。受访者提供了与他们在社交媒体上关注的网红有关的他们想要的内容类型的证据。此外,他们还提供了感知证据,证明Instagram有能力让个人在社交媒体社区中脱颖而出。最后,研究表明,人口统计学特征和某些类型的个人内容与网红的个人显著性有关。
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引用次数: 0
Dating App Communication: Personal Characteristics, Motives and Behavioural Intent 约会应用交流:个人特征、动机和行为意图
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-20 DOI: 10.1177/09760911231160240
J. J. D. L. Cruz, Narissra Maria Punyanunt-Carter, J. S. Wrench
Guided by the uses and gratifications theory (Katz et al., 1973) and the goals-planning-action model of interpersonal influence (Dillard, 1990), two studies are presented to examine aspects of Dating app communication. Study 1 (N = 526) investigates proximal relations between a personality trait and motives and motives and behavioural intent. Study 2 (N = 200) further probes elements of study 1 in a new sample and investigates new personality traits to motives. Collectively, these studies provide an initial look at and explain the relations between personality traits, motives and behavioural intent, which advance understanding of Dating app use from an interpersonal communication perspective. Implications, limitations and future directions are also discussed.
在使用和满足理论(Katz et al., 1973)和人际影响的目标-计划-行动模型(Dillard, 1990)的指导下,提出了两项研究来检查约会应用程序交流的各个方面。研究1 (N = 526)调查了人格特质与动机、动机与行为意图之间的近端关系。研究2 (N = 200)在新的样本中进一步探索了研究1的要素,并研究了新的人格特征和动机。总的来说,这些研究提供了一个初步的视角,并解释了人格特质、动机和行为意图之间的关系,从人际沟通的角度推进了对约会应用程序使用的理解。讨论了本研究的意义、局限性和未来发展方向。
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引用次数: 0
The Effects of Different Data Visualisation Formats on News Recall and Comprehension 不同数据可视化格式对新闻回忆和理解的影响
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.1177/09760911231158746
Raghda Mahmoud, Shaima’a Z. Zoghaib
This study uses the cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning as the theoretical foundation to explore the potential effects of different data visualisations on news recalling and comprehension. Using a quasi-experimental design, three data visualisations (bar chart, coloured map, and timeline) were examined on three different topics; Corona vaccines, conflict in Syria, and Ever Given ship aground. The results suggest that data visualisations can increase recall and comprehension, but this effect is inconsistent for all data visualisations. Also, recall and comprehension are not always correlated; an easy-to-remember visualisation is not necessarily easy to comprehend.
本研究以多媒体学习的认知理论为理论基础,探讨不同数据可视化对新闻回忆和理解的潜在影响。使用准实验设计,对三个不同主题的三种数据可视化(条形图、彩色地图和时间线)进行了检查;冠状病毒疫苗、叙利亚冲突和Ever Given船搁浅。结果表明,数据可视化可以提高回忆和理解,但这种效果对所有数据可视化都不一致。此外,回忆和理解并不总是相关的;一个易于记忆的可视化并不一定容易理解。
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引用次数: 0
News Media Exposure and Community Consensus on Terrorism in a Developing Country: First and Second Level Agenda-Setting Effects 新闻媒体曝光与发展中国家恐怖主义问题社区共识:一级和二级议程设定效应
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/09760911221130818
Muhammad Yousaf, Zhengrong Hu, S. Raza
This study investigates how increased news media use corresponds to an increasing consensus among different subgroups in society regarding social issues (first level of agenda-setting) and consensus on the attributes of the terrorism issue (second level of agenda-setting). With its cross-sectional design, the study, includes a content analysis of three leading newspapers and three television channels, coupled with a systematic random sample survey of the audience. Results indicated that news media use and consensus-building studies regarding an agenda of important issues confronting the community were not replicated within the Pakistani public. In contrast, the pattern of increased news media use and consensus on the attributes of the terrorism issue was strongly replicated in Pakistan. The findings further showed that news media reduced differences among divergent demographic subgroups and contributed to how these groups think about and understand issues. It was concluded that news media, by emphasising certain aspects of terrorism, contributed to the development of social consensus among diversified segments of a population concerning to their opinion about different aspects of terrorism. Thus, the media must be free of political and ideological pressures to act as a pluralistic platform to form an informed public opinion.
这项研究调查了新闻媒体使用的增加如何与社会不同群体在社会问题上日益达成共识(第一级议程制定)和在恐怖主义问题的属性上日益达成一致(第二级议程设定)相对应。该研究采用横断面设计,包括对三家主要报纸和三个电视频道的内容分析,以及对观众的系统随机抽样调查。结果表明,新闻媒体的使用和关于社区面临的重要问题议程的建立共识研究没有在巴基斯坦公众中复制。相比之下,在巴基斯坦,新闻媒体的使用和对恐怖主义问题的属性达成共识的模式得到了有力的复制。研究结果进一步表明,新闻媒体减少了不同人口群体之间的差异,并有助于这些群体如何思考和理解问题。结论是,新闻媒体通过强调恐怖主义的某些方面,有助于在不同人群中形成社会共识,表达他们对恐怖主义不同方面的看法。因此,媒体必须摆脱政治和意识形态压力,作为一个多元平台,形成知情的公众舆论。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding Social Media and Global Conflict 理解社交媒体和全球冲突
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-22 DOI: 10.1177/09760911221144520
U. Pandey
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引用次数: 1
Taking Alternative Routes? Examining Mainstream and Alternative Media Consumption Based on Political Identity 选择其他路线?基于政治认同的主流与另类媒体消费考察
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.1177/09760911221136911
Joel Funk, C. P. Schultz, Kristen D. Landreville
News consumers today can access a wider variety of news sources than ever before, as trust in mainstream media is declining, particularly among conservatives, and distrust for people on opposite sides of the political aisle is also growing. Alternative news outlets maintain they are corrective to mainstream outlets, focusing on a particular political agenda, being more activist than their mainstream counterparts, and differentiating themselves from elite journalists. Through the lens of selective exposure, this study examined the extent to which consumers use mainstream news or selectively expose themselves to alternative news. It also explored how political ideology and trust related to alternative news use. Results showed that while partisans selectively exposed themselves to alternative sources that framed events in ways that confirmed their biases, the overwhelming majority of news consumers still turned to mainstream sources. However, conservatives are turning to mainstream sources less, and their use of conservative alternative news is driven partly by less trust in news and more interest in politics. Overall implications of this study contribute to understanding news consumer choices in that selective exposure occurs in the digital age.
如今,新闻消费者可以获得比以往任何时候都更广泛的新闻来源,因为对主流媒体的信任正在下降,尤其是在保守派中,对政治党派对立双方的不信任也在增加。另类新闻媒体坚持认为,他们是对主流媒体的纠正,专注于特定的政治议程,比主流媒体更积极,并将自己与精英记者区分开来。通过选择性曝光的视角,本研究考察了消费者使用主流新闻或选择性地将自己暴露在另类新闻中的程度。它还探讨了政治意识形态和信任与替代新闻使用的关系。结果显示,尽管党派人士有选择地将自己暴露在以证实其偏见的方式构建事件的替代来源中,但绝大多数新闻消费者仍然转向主流来源。然而,保守派越来越少地转向主流消息来源,他们使用保守派另类新闻的部分原因是对新闻的信任度降低,对政治的兴趣增加。这项研究的总体意义有助于理解数字时代选择性曝光的新闻消费者选择。
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引用次数: 0
Racism Through the Lens of Stand-up Comedy: Digital Ethnography of Netflix Specials 单口喜剧镜头下的种族主义:Netflix特别节目的数字人种学
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-11-14 DOI: 10.1177/09760911221131187
Isha Bihari, J. V. Yeldho
Comedy scripts the monotony of life in a language that humours all and mirrors the disruptive social reality of private life. Today, stand-up comedy is a multibillion-dollar entertainment business, and its practitioners are revered figures in popular culture. The article compares the performances of two American celebrity stand-up comedians, D. L. Hughley and Kevin Hart, through their respective Netflix specials. Their content is drawn from the lived experience of growing up Black in America, yet they differ in comic style. While D. L. Hughley traverses the highs and lows of African-American lives in the States, presenting a satirical take on social issues, Kevin Hart paints a self-deprecating portrait of his personal life. He is animated and free-spirited and exaggerates anecdotal familial episodes to humour the audience. Their performance sheds light on the significance of humour in Black lives and highlights the importance of comedy beyond the realm of amusement as a public communication tool.
喜剧用一种幽默的语言描绘了生活的单调,反映了私人生活的破坏性社会现实。如今,单口相声是一项价值数十亿美元的娱乐业务,其从业者在流行文化中备受尊敬。这篇文章比较了两位美国名人单口相声演员D.L.Hughley和Kevin Hart在各自的Netflix特辑中的表现。他们的内容取材于黑人在美国长大的生活经历,但他们在漫画风格上有所不同。D.L.Hughley穿越了非裔美国人在美国生活的高潮和低谷,对社会问题进行了讽刺,而Kevin Hart则对自己的个人生活进行了自我贬低。他充满活力和自由精神,并夸大轶事家庭情节来幽默观众。他们的表演揭示了幽默在黑人生活中的重要性,并突出了喜剧作为公共传播工具的重要性,超越了娱乐的范畴。
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引用次数: 0
Bots in Newsrooms: What Future for Human Journalists? 新闻编辑室的机器人:人类记者的未来是什么?
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-11-11 DOI: 10.1177/09760911221130816
Ali Serdouk, Ahmed Cherif Bessam
This study highlights intelligent bots and their uses in journalism and media by looking at the leading global experiences in exploiting this technology within media institutions through integrating the technological determinism theory and, to a lesser extent, the job insecurity theory into the studied context. The study used the Delphi method to anticipate the future effects of artificial intelligence on human journalists’ jobs, based on the opinions of a sample of researchers and experts in the relevant subject that were gathered through personal interviews and other external sources. The information collected from experts, researchers and specialists showed a divergence in opinions between pessimistic and optimistic about what the human job will become after the penetration of AI within media institutions, depending on key indicators with technological, professional, and economic dimensions.
这项研究重点介绍了智能机器人及其在新闻和媒体中的应用,通过将技术决定论以及在较小程度上的工作不安全理论纳入研究背景,研究了在媒体机构内利用这项技术的全球领先经验。这项研究使用德尔菲方法,根据通过个人采访和其他外部来源收集的相关主题的研究人员和专家样本的意见,预测人工智能对人类记者工作的未来影响。从专家、研究人员和专家那里收集的信息显示,根据技术、专业和经济层面的关键指标,人们对人工智能在媒体机构中渗透后人类的工作会变成什么样子存在悲观和乐观的意见分歧。
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引用次数: 0
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Media Watch
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