Pub Date : 2022-02-14DOI: 10.1177/0160323X221079675
Andrew J. Grandage
This study contributes to our understanding of public performance with original research on Earned Value Management (EVM), a practice used for managing cost and schedule performance for capital projects throughout execution. Recently, EVM has emerged in some states as part of their performance management strategy for major Information Technology acquisitions but research has yet to study implementation. Overall, results indicate that EVM can support proactive cost and schedule management and help achieve performance objectives but that it is not fully embedded into work routines. Findings also illustrate that successful implementation is contingent on several organizational, human capital, and policy variables.
{"title":"Managing Performance for Capital Projects","authors":"Andrew J. Grandage","doi":"10.1177/0160323X221079675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160323X221079675","url":null,"abstract":"This study contributes to our understanding of public performance with original research on Earned Value Management (EVM), a practice used for managing cost and schedule performance for capital projects throughout execution. Recently, EVM has emerged in some states as part of their performance management strategy for major Information Technology acquisitions but research has yet to study implementation. Overall, results indicate that EVM can support proactive cost and schedule management and help achieve performance objectives but that it is not fully embedded into work routines. Findings also illustrate that successful implementation is contingent on several organizational, human capital, and policy variables.","PeriodicalId":52260,"journal":{"name":"State and Local Government Review","volume":"54 1","pages":"221 - 235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47908545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-14DOI: 10.1177/0160323X221079242
Beth M. Rauhaus
This article details public service motivation of emergency medical services (EMS) personnel within a local fire department in Texas, as they implemented an at-home vaccination program, amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. EMS personnel were surveyed and interviewed to learn more about their professional experiences. Using mixed methods, this work finds that EMS personnel in the local department exhibit high levels of public service motivation in both deciding to participate in the at-home vaccination program and throughout their experience in administering the vaccine to community members. This research offers insight local public servants’ motives during a time of crisis and while working in a new, innovative capacity.
{"title":"Public Service Motivation of Street- Level Bureaucrats Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of Experiences in Implementation of an at-Home Vaccination Program","authors":"Beth M. Rauhaus","doi":"10.1177/0160323X221079242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160323X221079242","url":null,"abstract":"This article details public service motivation of emergency medical services (EMS) personnel within a local fire department in Texas, as they implemented an at-home vaccination program, amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. EMS personnel were surveyed and interviewed to learn more about their professional experiences. Using mixed methods, this work finds that EMS personnel in the local department exhibit high levels of public service motivation in both deciding to participate in the at-home vaccination program and throughout their experience in administering the vaccine to community members. This research offers insight local public servants’ motives during a time of crisis and while working in a new, innovative capacity.","PeriodicalId":52260,"journal":{"name":"State and Local Government Review","volume":"54 1","pages":"82 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49341984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-08DOI: 10.1177/0160323X211064253
Genie N.L. Stowers
With data from service delivery requests in twenty-nine cities, this article reports on a comparative analysis of city service request systems (311 systems) and their operations. The study uses actual 311 service request data available through cities’ open data portals. A typology of thirty service type categories was created. Various hypotheses were tested. As city population increases, the number of service requests also increases. Garbage/recycling is the most commonly requested service, followed by code enforcement requests, parking, pickup of bulk items, and abandoned vehicles. Cities are no longer just using telephones for their users to submit requests but have also now incorporated other service channels. Service resolution times vary across cities and service category but there is some evidence that safety and health types of services receive priority and are resolved more quickly. The article ends with managerial and policy implications.
{"title":"Back to Basics: City Services and 311 Service Requests","authors":"Genie N.L. Stowers","doi":"10.1177/0160323X211064253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160323X211064253","url":null,"abstract":"With data from service delivery requests in twenty-nine cities, this article reports on a comparative analysis of city service request systems (311 systems) and their operations. The study uses actual 311 service request data available through cities’ open data portals. A typology of thirty service type categories was created. Various hypotheses were tested. As city population increases, the number of service requests also increases. Garbage/recycling is the most commonly requested service, followed by code enforcement requests, parking, pickup of bulk items, and abandoned vehicles. Cities are no longer just using telephones for their users to submit requests but have also now incorporated other service channels. Service resolution times vary across cities and service category but there is some evidence that safety and health types of services receive priority and are resolved more quickly. The article ends with managerial and policy implications.","PeriodicalId":52260,"journal":{"name":"State and Local Government Review","volume":"54 1","pages":"13 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48094757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0160323x211072992
S. Aikins, M. Bradbury, Thomas Andrew Bryer, Christian Buerger, Cheng Chen, S. Sen, Yu-Che Chen, P. Federman, Iupui Margaret Ferguson
{"title":"Reviewer Recognition 2021","authors":"S. Aikins, M. Bradbury, Thomas Andrew Bryer, Christian Buerger, Cheng Chen, S. Sen, Yu-Che Chen, P. Federman, Iupui Margaret Ferguson","doi":"10.1177/0160323x211072992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160323x211072992","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52260,"journal":{"name":"State and Local Government Review","volume":"53 1","pages":"352 - 358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46064886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0160323x211067426
Sharon G. Edmundson
{"title":"The Role of Partnerships in Strengthening Local Governance: The North Carolina Local Government Commission","authors":"Sharon G. Edmundson","doi":"10.1177/0160323x211067426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160323x211067426","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52260,"journal":{"name":"State and Local Government Review","volume":"53 1","pages":"275 - 280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48946581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0160323X211057917
Thaddieus W. Conner, A. Franklin, C. Martínez
Intergovernmental relations scholars note a decentralizing trend transferring authority from national to state and local government in the American federalist system. Theory suggests that a misalignment of the interests of national and regional actors may lead to variation in sub-national regulatory environments. We investigate how different sub-national regulatory environments condition the impact of Tribal gaming. Using tribal-state gaming compacts and amendments from 1990–2010, we examine how restrictions in sub-national regulatory agreements condition intended impacts of the 1988 Indian Gaming Regulatory Act. We find that revenue sharing and market restrictions differentially influence the impact of gaming on tribal per capita income but not levels of unemployment. Through the case of Tribal gaming, we determine how sub-national agreements condition the relative accomplishment of policy goals important to Native nations.
{"title":"Gambling on Decentralization: How Sub-National Regulatory Interests Condition the Impact of Federal Policy","authors":"Thaddieus W. Conner, A. Franklin, C. Martínez","doi":"10.1177/0160323X211057917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160323X211057917","url":null,"abstract":"Intergovernmental relations scholars note a decentralizing trend transferring authority from national to state and local government in the American federalist system. Theory suggests that a misalignment of the interests of national and regional actors may lead to variation in sub-national regulatory environments. We investigate how different sub-national regulatory environments condition the impact of Tribal gaming. Using tribal-state gaming compacts and amendments from 1990–2010, we examine how restrictions in sub-national regulatory agreements condition intended impacts of the 1988 Indian Gaming Regulatory Act. We find that revenue sharing and market restrictions differentially influence the impact of gaming on tribal per capita income but not levels of unemployment. Through the case of Tribal gaming, we determine how sub-national agreements condition the relative accomplishment of policy goals important to Native nations.","PeriodicalId":52260,"journal":{"name":"State and Local Government Review","volume":"53 1","pages":"298 - 316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44098360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0160323X211038356
Stephanie Leiser, Shu Wang, Charles Kargman
This study applies insights from open systems theory to explore how the perceptions of local officials can enhance our understanding of local government fiscal health—in particular, to understand differences between healthy and distressed jurisdictions. With a sample of local governments in Michigan from 2013 to 2019, we use quantile regression to investigate associations between subjective financial condition measures and objective indicators. The results show that these relationships are often more muted for lower-stress governments and more pronounced for higher-stress governments, a pattern that is not accounted for by traditional methods of measuring financial condition. The findings demonstrate the utility of open systems theory and quantile regression techniques to improve understanding of the financial condition and suggest that in order to avoid overlooking cases of fiscal distress, policymakers and analysts should incorporate these approaches into methods for diagnosing local fiscal health.
{"title":"Perceptions of Local Government Fiscal Health and Fiscal Stress: Evidence From Quantile Regressions With Michigan Municipalities and Counties","authors":"Stephanie Leiser, Shu Wang, Charles Kargman","doi":"10.1177/0160323X211038356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160323X211038356","url":null,"abstract":"This study applies insights from open systems theory to explore how the perceptions of local officials can enhance our understanding of local government fiscal health—in particular, to understand differences between healthy and distressed jurisdictions. With a sample of local governments in Michigan from 2013 to 2019, we use quantile regression to investigate associations between subjective financial condition measures and objective indicators. The results show that these relationships are often more muted for lower-stress governments and more pronounced for higher-stress governments, a pattern that is not accounted for by traditional methods of measuring financial condition. The findings demonstrate the utility of open systems theory and quantile regression techniques to improve understanding of the financial condition and suggest that in order to avoid overlooking cases of fiscal distress, policymakers and analysts should incorporate these approaches into methods for diagnosing local fiscal health.","PeriodicalId":52260,"journal":{"name":"State and Local Government Review","volume":"53 1","pages":"317 - 336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43278350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0160323X211061353
Chelsea Pennick McIver, P. Cook, Dennis R Becker
The number and size of wildfires in the western United States have increased dramatically in the last 30 years. The rising cost of wildfire suppression has become a significant concern for all levels of government, although most attention has been focused on the federal level. Much less is known about the financial impact of expenditures on states, which retain responsibility for suppression on over 480 million acres of state and private forests. This study collected data on state expenditures for wildfire suppression in the western United States from 2005 to 2015 to examine fiscal burdens and compare funding mechanisms used to cover those costs. Our analysis finds that western states expended $11.9 billion on wildfire suppression over the 11-year period and used own-source funds to cover 88 percent of these costs. States displayed a variety of mechanisms for covering their cost obligations with tradeoffs that may affect non-wildfire policy priorities.
{"title":"The Fiscal Burden of Wildfires: State Expenditures and Funding Mechanisms for Wildfire Suppression in the Western U.S. and Implications for Federal Policy","authors":"Chelsea Pennick McIver, P. Cook, Dennis R Becker","doi":"10.1177/0160323X211061353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160323X211061353","url":null,"abstract":"The number and size of wildfires in the western United States have increased dramatically in the last 30 years. The rising cost of wildfire suppression has become a significant concern for all levels of government, although most attention has been focused on the federal level. Much less is known about the financial impact of expenditures on states, which retain responsibility for suppression on over 480 million acres of state and private forests. This study collected data on state expenditures for wildfire suppression in the western United States from 2005 to 2015 to examine fiscal burdens and compare funding mechanisms used to cover those costs. Our analysis finds that western states expended $11.9 billion on wildfire suppression over the 11-year period and used own-source funds to cover 88 percent of these costs. States displayed a variety of mechanisms for covering their cost obligations with tradeoffs that may affect non-wildfire policy priorities.","PeriodicalId":52260,"journal":{"name":"State and Local Government Review","volume":"53 1","pages":"337 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43585881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1177/0160323X211061352
Nathan Myers
This study investigates what factors contributed to the score a state received for managing its medical countermeasures stockpile pre-COVID-19. It is particularly interested in the relationship between a state’s level of rural population and its countermeasure management capacity. A fixed-effects regression analysis was run using data from 2016 to 2019 to test for a relationship between the percentage of rural population in a state and the states’ countermeasures management score, while controlling for other relevant social, economic, and political variables such as level of social associations, the segregation index, and the level of income inequality. Rurality and physicians per capita proved to be significant and negative. A subsequent analysis found that states with higher levels of rural populations have lower levels of COVID-19 vaccinations, even accounting for effective countermeasure management. This points to rural states having challenges in regard to medical countermeasures that cannot be completely solved with technocratic solutions.
{"title":"Rurality Versus Readiness: The Relationship Between State-Level Connection and Capacity Variables and the Management of Medical Stockpiles for a Public Health Emergency","authors":"Nathan Myers","doi":"10.1177/0160323X211061352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160323X211061352","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates what factors contributed to the score a state received for managing its medical countermeasures stockpile pre-COVID-19. It is particularly interested in the relationship between a state’s level of rural population and its countermeasure management capacity. A fixed-effects regression analysis was run using data from 2016 to 2019 to test for a relationship between the percentage of rural population in a state and the states’ countermeasures management score, while controlling for other relevant social, economic, and political variables such as level of social associations, the segregation index, and the level of income inequality. Rurality and physicians per capita proved to be significant and negative. A subsequent analysis found that states with higher levels of rural populations have lower levels of COVID-19 vaccinations, even accounting for effective countermeasure management. This points to rural states having challenges in regard to medical countermeasures that cannot be completely solved with technocratic solutions.","PeriodicalId":52260,"journal":{"name":"State and Local Government Review","volume":"53 1","pages":"281 - 297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41769812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-29DOI: 10.1177/0160323X211045356
İhsan İkizer
Istanbul, the leading city of Turkey, is a good case for analyzing the conflictual relations of the mayor with the city council and the central government. Istanbul had been governed by the mayors from the ruling party, the Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi; AKP) and its predecessor parties since 1994. In the local elections held in March 2019, which was repeated only for Istanbul after two months with a highly suspicious decision by the Supreme Election Board, the AKP lost this city. Ekrem İmamoğlu, the mayor of Istanbul, has harsh relations with the city council, which is dominated by the AKP and its alliance party, the Nationalist Movement Party (Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi; MHP). What exacerbates this situation is the partisan intervention of the increasingly authoritarian central government that weakens the mayor's position. The mayor tries to counterbalance the power of the city council and central government agencies through livestreaming the city council meetings and attracting civic engagement on his side. This article is expected to contribute to the literature on mayoral leadership, partisan constraints to mayoral powers as well as the mayor's strategies against the authoritarian intervention of the central governments. Mayor İmamoğlu's strategies and measures adopted for overcoming the efforts of blocking his agenda by both the council and central government might inspire other mayors experiencing similar partisan constraints.
土耳其的主要城市伊斯坦布尔是分析市长与市议会和中央政府冲突关系的一个很好的例子。自1994年以来，伊斯坦布尔一直由执政党正义与发展党及其前身政党的市长执政。在2019年3月举行的地方选举中，正义与发展党失去了这座城市。两个月后，最高选举委员会做出了一项高度可疑的决定，伊斯坦布尔再次举行了地方选举。伊斯坦布尔市长埃克雷姆·伊马莫卢与市议会关系恶劣，市议会由正义与发展党及其联盟党民族主义运动党（Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi；MHP）主导。加剧这种情况的是日益专制的中央政府的党派干预，削弱了市长的地位。市长试图通过直播市议会会议和吸引公民参与来平衡市议会和中央政府机构的权力。这篇文章有望对市长领导、对市长权力的党派限制以及市长反对中央政府独裁干预的策略等文献做出贡献。伊马莫奥卢市长为克服议会和中央政府阻碍其议程的努力而采取的战略和措施可能会激励其他经历类似党派限制的市长。
{"title":"Weakening the Strong Mayor: Partisan Division and Presidential Intervention in Istanbul","authors":"İhsan İkizer","doi":"10.1177/0160323X211045356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0160323X211045356","url":null,"abstract":"Istanbul, the leading city of Turkey, is a good case for analyzing the conflictual relations of the mayor with the city council and the central government. Istanbul had been governed by the mayors from the ruling party, the Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi; AKP) and its predecessor parties since 1994. In the local elections held in March 2019, which was repeated only for Istanbul after two months with a highly suspicious decision by the Supreme Election Board, the AKP lost this city. Ekrem İmamoğlu, the mayor of Istanbul, has harsh relations with the city council, which is dominated by the AKP and its alliance party, the Nationalist Movement Party (Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi; MHP). What exacerbates this situation is the partisan intervention of the increasingly authoritarian central government that weakens the mayor's position. The mayor tries to counterbalance the power of the city council and central government agencies through livestreaming the city council meetings and attracting civic engagement on his side. This article is expected to contribute to the literature on mayoral leadership, partisan constraints to mayoral powers as well as the mayor's strategies against the authoritarian intervention of the central governments. Mayor İmamoğlu's strategies and measures adopted for overcoming the efforts of blocking his agenda by both the council and central government might inspire other mayors experiencing similar partisan constraints.","PeriodicalId":52260,"journal":{"name":"State and Local Government Review","volume":"54 1","pages":"32 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48641884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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