Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.18287/jbpe23.09.040303
Kawthar Shurrab, Moustafa Sayem El-Daher
Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is a promising and noninvasive technique in treating a multitude of medical conditions by activating healing and cell regeneration. It is also used to stimulate the brain function. The aim of this study is to investigate the Potential Thermal Effect of LLLT during stimulation. LLLT is characterized by low-intensity treatment. However, what is the dose of intensity required to stimulate the brain without a possible thermal effect. To address this, a simulation model was proposed and implemented using Finite Element Analysis within the COMSOL Multiphysics software package. This approach aims to determine the optimal combination of energy density and irradiation time that would yield the most effective enhancement of cell activity in the brain. The best power density is 166 mW/cm 2 (joule density 20 J/cm 2 ) and 2 min exposure is enough to stimulate the brain when applying 808 nm with optic cap that gives a laser spot size of 3 cm 2 . The determination of optimal parameters is imperative in the context of brain activation. It is crucial to ensure that the tissue temperature does not exceed 0.5 °C, which is the permissible temperature limit for effective stimulation. The findings will provide valuable insights into the optimization of LLLT protocols, thereby establishing a foundation for its safe and effective application in therapeutic settings.
{"title":"Potential Thermal Effect of Stimulating Brain Tissue during Low Level Laser Therapy","authors":"Kawthar Shurrab, Moustafa Sayem El-Daher","doi":"10.18287/jbpe23.09.040303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18287/jbpe23.09.040303","url":null,"abstract":"Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is a promising and noninvasive technique in treating a multitude of medical conditions by activating healing and cell regeneration. It is also used to stimulate the brain function. The aim of this study is to investigate the Potential Thermal Effect of LLLT during stimulation. LLLT is characterized by low-intensity treatment. However, what is the dose of intensity required to stimulate the brain without a possible thermal effect. To address this, a simulation model was proposed and implemented using Finite Element Analysis within the COMSOL Multiphysics software package. This approach aims to determine the optimal combination of energy density and irradiation time that would yield the most effective enhancement of cell activity in the brain. The best power density is 166 mW/cm 2 (joule density 20 J/cm 2 ) and 2 min exposure is enough to stimulate the brain when applying 808 nm with optic cap that gives a laser spot size of 3 cm 2 . The determination of optimal parameters is imperative in the context of brain activation. It is crucial to ensure that the tissue temperature does not exceed 0.5 °C, which is the permissible temperature limit for effective stimulation. The findings will provide valuable insights into the optimization of LLLT protocols, thereby establishing a foundation for its safe and effective application in therapeutic settings.","PeriodicalId":52398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Photonics and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135685152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.18287/jbpe23.09.040302
Valentin A. Yunusov, Sergey A. Demin
In this research, in the framework of Memory Functions Formalism, we study statistical memory effects of electroencephalogram data for two groups of people by performing auto- and cross-correlation analysis. The first group consists of 8 professional musicians; the second group was represented by 11 people without any musical education. Bioelectrical activity signals were recorded during 2 cognitive tasks: perceiving a fragment of musical piece, and perceiving a text read aloud. During autocorrelation analysis, we identify regions of brain cortex, statistical memory effects of signals from which differ the most and use them for the following analysis. During the second stage of work, we identify differences in spectral behavior for both groups and analyze the effects of frequency-phase synchronization. Finally, it is demonstrated that our approach allows detecting differences in the cognitive abilities of people when performing various cognitive task.
{"title":"Multiparameter Analysis of Statistical Memory Effects in Bioelectric Signals while Performing Cognitive Tasks","authors":"Valentin A. Yunusov, Sergey A. Demin","doi":"10.18287/jbpe23.09.040302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18287/jbpe23.09.040302","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, in the framework of Memory Functions Formalism, we study statistical memory effects of electroencephalogram data for two groups of people by performing auto- and cross-correlation analysis. The first group consists of 8 professional musicians; the second group was represented by 11 people without any musical education. Bioelectrical activity signals were recorded during 2 cognitive tasks: perceiving a fragment of musical piece, and perceiving a text read aloud. During autocorrelation analysis, we identify regions of brain cortex, statistical memory effects of signals from which differ the most and use them for the following analysis. During the second stage of work, we identify differences in spectral behavior for both groups and analyze the effects of frequency-phase synchronization. Finally, it is demonstrated that our approach allows detecting differences in the cognitive abilities of people when performing various cognitive task.","PeriodicalId":52398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Photonics and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135685151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-04DOI: 10.18287/jbpe23.09.040301
Anastasia A. Kharlamova
This paper shows the calculation of the DNA interference coefficient and uses it to obtain the spectrum of the interaction of an ultrashort laser pulse with a molecule. The calculation is based on a simplified model of the molecule.
{"title":"Calculation of the Interference Coefficient of the Polyatomic Molecular Structure of DNA","authors":"Anastasia A. Kharlamova","doi":"10.18287/jbpe23.09.040301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18287/jbpe23.09.040301","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows the calculation of the DNA interference coefficient and uses it to obtain the spectrum of the interaction of an ultrashort laser pulse with a molecule. The calculation is based on a simplified model of the molecule.","PeriodicalId":52398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Photonics and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135775870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.18287/jbpe23.09.030317
Ivan V. Stepanov, Evgeniy A. Talynev, Anton A. Ivanov, Ruslan V. Kutluyarov, Elizaveta P. Grakhova
The paper presents a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) design that offers a high degree of integration of building blocks required to implement a swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) system. The device includes an interferometer, sample arm, k-clock, and a tunable reference path integrated on a single chip implemented based on the silicon nitride fabrication platform. The PIC elements are optimized to perform low losses and minimal dispersion around a central operation wavelength of 1310 nm, which is critical for applications such as OCT. The device was simulated using Ansys Lumerical software. Simulation results show that the proposed PIC provides precise control of the scanning depth with a resolution of 0.725 nm/mV. Also, the frequency of the OCT signal does not exceed 17 GHz for scanning distances below 5 mm.
{"title":"Design of a Photonic Integrated Device with an on-Chip k-Clock and Tunable Reference Arm for Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography","authors":"Ivan V. Stepanov, Evgeniy A. Talynev, Anton A. Ivanov, Ruslan V. Kutluyarov, Elizaveta P. Grakhova","doi":"10.18287/jbpe23.09.030317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18287/jbpe23.09.030317","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) design that offers a high degree of integration of building blocks required to implement a swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) system. The device includes an interferometer, sample arm, k-clock, and a tunable reference path integrated on a single chip implemented based on the silicon nitride fabrication platform. The PIC elements are optimized to perform low losses and minimal dispersion around a central operation wavelength of 1310 nm, which is critical for applications such as OCT. The device was simulated using Ansys Lumerical software. Simulation results show that the proposed PIC provides precise control of the scanning depth with a resolution of 0.725 nm/mV. Also, the frequency of the OCT signal does not exceed 17 GHz for scanning distances below 5 mm.","PeriodicalId":52398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Photonics and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135426727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.18287/jbpe23.09.030316
Lakshmi Parvathi M., Abira Bright B., Vani Damodaran
In this paper, the design and performance of a custom-built spectrometer for Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) imaging for a near-infrared wavelength range centered around 840 nm is presented. Two configurations of spectrometers based on reflective and transmission type grating and achromatic doublet lens were analyzed and the spectrometer performance characteristics are studied. The spectrometer is designed to work best with a light source whose wavelength is 840 ± 46 nm. A line scan camera captures multiple wavelengths simultaneously. In order to achieve higher resolution and imaging depth, a 2048-pixel array linear line scan camera from Basler was chosen. The line scan camera’s detector has a length and width of 14.3 mm and 7 μm, respectively. The spectrometer design was simulated using Zemax software and the design parameters are described in this paper.
{"title":"Spectrometer Design for an 840 nm Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography System","authors":"Lakshmi Parvathi M., Abira Bright B., Vani Damodaran","doi":"10.18287/jbpe23.09.030316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18287/jbpe23.09.030316","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the design and performance of a custom-built spectrometer for Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) imaging for a near-infrared wavelength range centered around 840 nm is presented. Two configurations of spectrometers based on reflective and transmission type grating and achromatic doublet lens were analyzed and the spectrometer performance characteristics are studied. The spectrometer is designed to work best with a light source whose wavelength is 840 ± 46 nm. A line scan camera captures multiple wavelengths simultaneously. In order to achieve higher resolution and imaging depth, a 2048-pixel array linear line scan camera from Basler was chosen. The line scan camera’s detector has a length and width of 14.3 mm and 7 μm, respectively. The spectrometer design was simulated using Zemax software and the design parameters are described in this paper.","PeriodicalId":52398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Photonics and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135866090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.18287/jbpe23.09.030314
Abira Bright B., Lakshmi Parvathi M., Vani Damodaran
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is the clinical golden standard for cross-sectional imaging of the eye. The majority of clinical ophthalmic OCT systems are table-top devices that need the patient to align with the chinrest in order to capture a motion-free image. Portable OCT devices are used to perform retinal imaging on infants or patients who are confined to beds. Eye movements and relative motion between the patient and the imaging probe make interpretation and registration challenging and become a barrier to high-resolution ocular imaging. Thus, an OCT scanner with an automated real-time eye tracking system and a movement mapping for correction mechanism is required to overcome such motions. The aim of this work is to develop an algorithm to track pupil motion and allow motion-corrected imaging of the retina without the requirement of chinrest, fixation of the target, or seating chair and to minimize the requirement of skillset to operate and to correct motion artifacts. Two algorithms based on landmark and threshold were developed, capable of identifying and monitoring eye movements. The acquired output value of both algorithms was compared with the manually calculated actual center value of the pupil. The average deviation from the actual location was found to be 0.2~0.6 for the landmark and 0.4~0.9 for the threshold-based algorithm. In this study, it is observed that iris localization and gaze direction estimation is more accurate in the landmark-based system compared to the threshold-based eye-tracking system.
{"title":"Motion Estimation of Handheld Optical Coherence Tomography System using Real-Time Eye Tracking System","authors":"Abira Bright B., Lakshmi Parvathi M., Vani Damodaran","doi":"10.18287/jbpe23.09.030314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18287/jbpe23.09.030314","url":null,"abstract":"Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is the clinical golden standard for cross-sectional imaging of the eye. The majority of clinical ophthalmic OCT systems are table-top devices that need the patient to align with the chinrest in order to capture a motion-free image. Portable OCT devices are used to perform retinal imaging on infants or patients who are confined to beds. Eye movements and relative motion between the patient and the imaging probe make interpretation and registration challenging and become a barrier to high-resolution ocular imaging. Thus, an OCT scanner with an automated real-time eye tracking system and a movement mapping for correction mechanism is required to overcome such motions. The aim of this work is to develop an algorithm to track pupil motion and allow motion-corrected imaging of the retina without the requirement of chinrest, fixation of the target, or seating chair and to minimize the requirement of skillset to operate and to correct motion artifacts. Two algorithms based on landmark and threshold were developed, capable of identifying and monitoring eye movements. The acquired output value of both algorithms was compared with the manually calculated actual center value of the pupil. The average deviation from the actual location was found to be 0.2~0.6 for the landmark and 0.4~0.9 for the threshold-based algorithm. In this study, it is observed that iris localization and gaze direction estimation is more accurate in the landmark-based system compared to the threshold-based eye-tracking system.","PeriodicalId":52398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Photonics and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.18287/jbpe23.09.030315
Aleksey A. Selifonov, Valery V. Tuchin
Differences in diffuse reflectance and total transmittance of healthy and sarcoma cat ovarian tissue were determined using integrating sphere spectroscopy and confirmed by histological analysis. The effective diffusion coefficient determined from the analysis of the kinetics of the diffuse reflectance was found equal to D = (7.5 ± 0.9)10 –7 cm 2 /s for healthy tissue and D = (1.4 ± 0.2)10 –6 cm 2 /s for sarcoma. In healthy tissue, optical clearing occurred with the formation of two UV transparency windows: (18 ± 4) nm wide centered at 225 nm and (50 ± 12) nm wide centered at 375 nm. For the ovary with sarcoma, the formation of only one transparency window centered at 380 nm and a width of (43 ± 11) nm was observed.
采用积分球光谱法测定健康猫和肉瘤猫卵巢组织的漫反射和总透射率的差异，并通过组织学分析加以证实。通过漫反射动力学分析确定的有效扩散系数对健康组织为D =(7.5±0.9)10 -7 cm 2 /s，对肉瘤为D =(1.4±0.2)10 -6 cm 2 /s。在健康组织中，光学清除发生在形成两个紫外透明窗口:(18±4)nm宽，中心为225 nm和(50±12)nm宽，中心为375 nm。卵巢肉瘤仅形成1个透明窗口，中心为380 nm，宽度为(43±11)nm。
{"title":"Differences in the Effect of 40%-Glucose on the Optical Properties of Healthy and Stromal-Sarcoma Ovaries in Cats","authors":"Aleksey A. Selifonov, Valery V. Tuchin","doi":"10.18287/jbpe23.09.030315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18287/jbpe23.09.030315","url":null,"abstract":"Differences in diffuse reflectance and total transmittance of healthy and sarcoma cat ovarian tissue were determined using integrating sphere spectroscopy and confirmed by histological analysis. The effective diffusion coefficient determined from the analysis of the kinetics of the diffuse reflectance was found equal to D = (7.5 ± 0.9)10 –7 cm 2 /s for healthy tissue and D = (1.4 ± 0.2)10 –6 cm 2 /s for sarcoma. In healthy tissue, optical clearing occurred with the formation of two UV transparency windows: (18 ± 4) nm wide centered at 225 nm and (50 ± 12) nm wide centered at 375 nm. For the ovary with sarcoma, the formation of only one transparency window centered at 380 nm and a width of (43 ± 11) nm was observed.","PeriodicalId":52398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Photonics and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.18287/jbpe23.09.030313
Prajna N. D., Tom Devasia, Rajeev K. Sinha
The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) based technology allows the fabrication of inexpensive biosensors with very simple design for the detection of diseases. In the present work, we systematically fabricated an LSPR sensor chip using Au nanobipyramids (Au NBPs). Au NBPs with longitudinal LSPR band in the near-IR region (~900nm) exhibiting higher refractive index (RI) sensitivity are used for the sensor chip fabrication. The immobilized Au NBPs on a silanized glass coverslip were chemically modified using 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (11-MUA) and Octanethiol monolayer, followed by activation using EDC-NHS chemistry for the immobilization of the protein molecules. For cardiovascular marker protein detection, monoclonal antibodies were immobilized on the sensor chip, and the marker proteins were detected from the blood serum obtained from the patients. Cardiovascular marker proteins N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and cardiac troponin T (CTnT) were successfully detected on the fabricated LSPR sensor chip.
{"title":"Cardiovascular Marker Proteins Detection in the Blood Serum Using an LSPR Chip Based on Au Nanobipyramid","authors":"Prajna N. D., Tom Devasia, Rajeev K. Sinha","doi":"10.18287/jbpe23.09.030313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18287/jbpe23.09.030313","url":null,"abstract":"The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) based technology allows the fabrication of inexpensive biosensors with very simple design for the detection of diseases. In the present work, we systematically fabricated an LSPR sensor chip using Au nanobipyramids (Au NBPs). Au NBPs with longitudinal LSPR band in the near-IR region (~900nm) exhibiting higher refractive index (RI) sensitivity are used for the sensor chip fabrication. The immobilized Au NBPs on a silanized glass coverslip were chemically modified using 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (11-MUA) and Octanethiol monolayer, followed by activation using EDC-NHS chemistry for the immobilization of the protein molecules. For cardiovascular marker protein detection, monoclonal antibodies were immobilized on the sensor chip, and the marker proteins were detected from the blood serum obtained from the patients. Cardiovascular marker proteins N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and cardiac troponin T (CTnT) were successfully detected on the fabricated LSPR sensor chip.","PeriodicalId":52398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Photonics and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134971857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.18287/jbpe23.09.030312
B. Sudarshan Acharya, Sajan D. George, Abdul Ajees Abdul Salam
Structural information helps to understand the function of the proteins and provides potential protein-ligand interactions of new drugs. X-ray crystallography is a powerful technique to determine the structure in three-dimensional geometry. However, obtaining high-quality single crystals remains an obstacle in macromolecular crystallography. Laser-induced crystallization is emerging as an alternative technique to circumvent this problem. In this study, we have prepared ultra-hydrophobic surfaces and used them for protein crystallization. Three model proteins, lysozyme, ferritin, and proteinase K, with distinct hydrophobicity, were used for this study. The protein droplet placed on three surfaces (non-siliconized, siliconized, and candle soot films) is exposed to a diode laser (785 nm, 75 mW). Ultra-hydrophobic candle soot surfaced coverslips rapidly yielded the crystals in conventional and laser-exposed droplets. Proteinase K nucleated faster than the lysozyme/ferritin on candle soot coated surface, compared to the regular coverslips suggesting that ultra-hydrophobic surfaces assisted laser-induced crystallization will play an essential role in protein crystallization.
{"title":"Laser-Induced Crystallization of Standard Proteins on Ultra-Hydrophobic Surface and Characterization Using Raman Spectroscopy","authors":"B. Sudarshan Acharya, Sajan D. George, Abdul Ajees Abdul Salam","doi":"10.18287/jbpe23.09.030312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18287/jbpe23.09.030312","url":null,"abstract":"Structural information helps to understand the function of the proteins and provides potential protein-ligand interactions of new drugs. X-ray crystallography is a powerful technique to determine the structure in three-dimensional geometry. However, obtaining high-quality single crystals remains an obstacle in macromolecular crystallography. Laser-induced crystallization is emerging as an alternative technique to circumvent this problem. In this study, we have prepared ultra-hydrophobic surfaces and used them for protein crystallization. Three model proteins, lysozyme, ferritin, and proteinase K, with distinct hydrophobicity, were used for this study. The protein droplet placed on three surfaces (non-siliconized, siliconized, and candle soot films) is exposed to a diode laser (785 nm, 75 mW). Ultra-hydrophobic candle soot surfaced coverslips rapidly yielded the crystals in conventional and laser-exposed droplets. Proteinase K nucleated faster than the lysozyme/ferritin on candle soot coated surface, compared to the regular coverslips suggesting that ultra-hydrophobic surfaces assisted laser-induced crystallization will play an essential role in protein crystallization.","PeriodicalId":52398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Photonics and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135454007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salivary sensors are ideal non-invasive diagnostic platforms for cancer detection owing to the existence of many proteins and metabolites that can reflect individual’s health status. Elevated levels of thiocyanate ( ) in smokers’ saliva may be a potential biomarker indicating increased oral cancer risk due to the nitrosation process. Herein, we report a highly sensitive, label-free, ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection of salivary thiocyanate using silver anchored α-MnO 2 nanorods based SERS substrates for the early detection of oral cancer. The structural and morphological characterization of the synthesised Ag/ α-MnO 2 nanorods have been performed using XRD, FTIR, and TEM analysis. The intensity of SERS peak at around 2170 cm −1 , originating from the −C≡N stretching mode, indicated the concentrations of SCN − ions. The SERS spectra of was recorded at concentrations ranging from 1 to 6 mM, which was utilised to differentiate between smokers and non-smokers and hence to predict the risk of oral cancer.
{"title":"Silver Anchored α-MnO2 Nanorods Based SERS Substrates for Salivary Thiocyanate Detection and Application in Oral Cancer Diagnosis","authors":"Navami Sunil, Rajesh Unnathpadi, Biji Pullithadathil","doi":"10.18287/jbpe23.09.030311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18287/jbpe23.09.030311","url":null,"abstract":"Salivary sensors are ideal non-invasive diagnostic platforms for cancer detection owing to the existence of many proteins and metabolites that can reflect individual’s health status. Elevated levels of thiocyanate ( ) in smokers’ saliva may be a potential biomarker indicating increased oral cancer risk due to the nitrosation process. Herein, we report a highly sensitive, label-free, ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection of salivary thiocyanate using silver anchored α-MnO 2 nanorods based SERS substrates for the early detection of oral cancer. The structural and morphological characterization of the synthesised Ag/ α-MnO 2 nanorods have been performed using XRD, FTIR, and TEM analysis. The intensity of SERS peak at around 2170 cm −1 , originating from the −C≡N stretching mode, indicated the concentrations of SCN − ions. The SERS spectra of was recorded at concentrations ranging from 1 to 6 mM, which was utilised to differentiate between smokers and non-smokers and hence to predict the risk of oral cancer.","PeriodicalId":52398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical Photonics and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136035971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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