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Specyfika staropolszczyzny a anotacja gramatyczna. O potrzebie nowych wartości kategorii 古波兰语的细节和语法注释。需要新的类别值
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.07
Dorota Rojszczak-Robińska, Magdalena Wismont, Kinga Zalejarz, Aleksandra Deskur, Ewa Nowak-Pasterska
OLD POLISH LANGUAGE SPECIFICITY AND GRAMMATICAL ANNOTATION: ON THE NEED FOR NEW CATEGORY VALUESThe paper is focused on the grammatical annotation of Old Polish texts. The authors discuss the necessity to use unusual grammatical category values: 0 and X. It occurs when any of the values is impossible to determine (e.g. due to damage to the manuscript or insufficient syntactic/semantic context) or a word takes no value in a given category (e.g. an unstated adjective). The article presents factors influencing the choice of 0 and X values. It shows those grammatical classes and categories in whose annotation the use of these values has been highly significant.
古波兰语的特殊性和语法注释:对新范畴价值的需求本文主要研究古波兰文的语法注释。作者讨论了使用不寻常语法类别值的必要性:0和X。当其中任何一个值无法确定(例如,由于手稿损坏或句法/语义上下文不足)或一个词在给定类别中没有价值时(例如,未陈述的形容词),就会发生这种情况。本文介绍了影响0和X值选择的因素。它显示了那些语法类和类别,在它们的注释中,这些值的使用是非常重要的。
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引用次数: 0
Ontogenetyczny i filogenetyczny wymiar zmian językowych w zakresie gramatyki 语法语言变化的个体发生和系统发育维度
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.01
Michaił Kotin
ONTOGENETIC AND PHYLOGENETIC DIMENSIONS OF LANGUAGE CHANGE IN GRAMMARThis paper discusses selected aspects of the theory of linguistic change in grammar. The main assumption is the claim that the development of the categorial functions of natural languages throughout the time (phylogenesis) mostly coincides with the stadiums of the acquisition of the same categories by an individual (ontogenesis). Using the examples of the development and acquisition of strong and weak verb forms in Germanic languages and the categorial links between aspectuality, temporality and modality of the verb, different stages that characterise the linguistic changes in question are analysed in comparison with the stages of their acquisition in the process of language acquisition among children between 2 and 14 years of age. The analysis proves that the connections between ontogenesis and phylogenesis are complex, so they cannot be always explained in a simple and definite manner. The change in either sphere has its own specific features and runs mutatis mutandis in both spheres.
语法中语言变化的连续性和系统性维度本文讨论了语法中语言改变理论的某些方面。主要的假设是,自然语言的分类功能在整个时期的发展(系统发生)大多与个体获得相同类别的体育场(个体发生)相吻合。以日耳曼语言中强弱动词形式的发展和习得为例,分析了动词的体性、时态和情态之间的范畴联系,分析了2至14岁儿童在语言习得过程中语言变化的不同阶段,并将其与习得阶段进行了比较。分析证明,个体发生和系统发育之间的联系是复杂的,因此不能总是以简单而明确的方式来解释它们。任何一个领域的变化都有其特定的特征,并在两个领域进行必要的修改。
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引用次数: 0
Co kryje w sobie koronaparty? Językowy obraz pandemicznej uciechy wśród polskiej młodzieży studenckiej (na podstawie danych eksperymentalnych)
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.05
Natalia Długosz
WHAT IS INCLUDED IN THE POLISH LEXEME KORONAPARTY? THE LINGUISTIC IMAGE OF PANDEMIC JOKES TOLD BY THE POLISH STUDENTS (BASED ON SURVEY DATA)This article attempts to create a cognitive definition of the meaning of the Polish lexeme koronaparty on the basis of experimental data obtained among Polish students through a survey. The experiment was conducted in February 2021. Fifty students took part in it. First, they answered the question: What do you think the word koronaparty means? Second, they built sentences including the koronaparty lexeme. As a result, 53 responses were obtained and 46 sentences were made with the use of the koronaparty lexeme. The collected data allowed for the preparation of a synthetic cognitive definition of the meaning of the word. The categorial semantic feature of the koronaparty is the occurrence of the event during the pandemic. The meaning of koronaparty may include as follows: 1. “social gathering at high risk of developing Covid-19: with the participation of people infected with Covid-19, without sanitation requirements and restrictions / usually secret / live”; 2. “social gathering during which sanitary requirements and restrictions are respected: open and live, e.g. a wedding with a limited number of people, going to the theatre or to a concert with a face mask and social distance, etc.”; 3. “online social gathering (via Zoom, Skype, FaceTime etc.), official cultural event (e.g. concert, performance, etc.) or private gathering such as watching movies and/or drinking alcohol together”.
波兰的lexemekoronaparty包含什么?波兰学生讲述的流行性笑话的语言形象(基于调查数据)本文试图在波兰学生通过调查获得的实验数据的基础上,对波兰语词位koronaparty的含义建立一个认知定义。该实验于2021年2月进行。50名学生参加了这次活动。首先,他们回答了一个问题:你认为koronaparty这个词是什么意思?其次,他们构建了包括koronaparty词位在内的句子。结果,获得了53个回复,并使用koronaparty词位做出了46个句子。收集到的数据有助于对单词的含义进行综合认知定义。koronaparty的范畴语义特征是该事件在疫情期间的发生。koronaparty的含义可以包括以下几个方面:1。“新冠肺炎高风险社交聚会:有新冠肺炎感染者参加,没有卫生要求和限制/通常是秘密/现场”;2.“遵守卫生要求和限制的社交聚会:公开和现场,例如人数有限的婚礼、带着口罩去剧院或听音乐会,以及保持社交距离等”;3.“在线社交聚会(通过Zoom、Skype、FaceTime等)、官方文化活动(如音乐会、演出等)或私人聚会,如一起看电影和/或喝酒”。
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引用次数: 0
Stylizacja na język warszawskich blokersów w kreskówce Blok ekipa 卡通Block团队中Warsaw blockers语言的风格化
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.06
K. Szamryk
STYLIZATION FOR THE LANGUAGE OF WARSAW CHAVS IN THE CARTOON BLOK EKIPAThe article presents the linguistic stylization for the sociolect of young people living in blocks of flats (chavs) in the adult cartoon entitled Blok ekipa [“Blok of flats – crew”]. The language of the protagonists imitates both elements typical of subcultures and colloquial Polish language: expression, vulgarization, slang and prison vocabulary, as well as language of domination and aggression. In addition, the language of the cartoon characters reflects negligent pronunciation (phonetic, inflectional, dialectisms). Furthermore, the elements that make the series attractive are original comparative structures. The stylization covers almost all levels of the language system (phonetics, inflection, word formation, lexis) and stylistics. Moreover, all the above-mentioned exponents are deliberately cumulated, so the type of stylization in the cartoon might be perceived as reconstructive-manneristic.
WARSAW CHAVS在卡通漫画中的语言风格化本文在名为BLOK ekipa[“BLOK OF flats–crew”]的成人漫画中介绍了居住在公寓楼(CHAVS)中的年轻人的社会学语言风格化。主人公的语言模仿了亚文化和波兰口语的典型元素:表达、粗俗化、俚语和监狱词汇,以及统治和侵略的语言。此外,卡通人物的语言反映了疏忽发音(语音、屈折、方言)。此外,使该系列具有吸引力的元素是原始的比较结构。程式化几乎涵盖了语言系统的所有层面(语音学、屈折、单词形成、词汇学)和文体学。此外,上述所有指数都是故意累积的,因此漫画中的风格化类型可能被认为是重建的矫揉造作。
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引用次数: 0
Krakuś, radomek, warszewik i gdańskmen – uwagi o ekspresywnej potencji słowotwórczej wybranych nazw miast 克拉科夫、拉多梅克、华沙和格但斯克——对选定城市名称表达潜力的评论
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.18
Anna Pilińska
KRAKUŚ, RADOMEK, WARSZEWIK AND GDAŃSKMEN: COMMENTS ON THE EXPRESSIVE VOCABULARY POTENCY OF SELECTED CITY NAMESThe article presents the characteristics and analysis of expressive words motivated by the names of places: Brussels, Warsaw, Gdańsk, Kraków, Radom and Kraśnik. The cities with the highest participation in public discourse were selected. These lexemes, apart from their basic meaning, gained secondary meanings, often created as a result of metonymization, stereotyping, and the consolidation of negative associations or connotations. The collected material was grouped and presented in word-formative nests.
克拉科夫、拉多梅克、华沙和格达ŃSKMEN:关于选定城市名称的表达词汇潜力的评论本文介绍了由地名激发的表达词汇的特征和分析:布鲁塞尔、华沙、格但斯克、克拉科夫、拉多姆和克拉斯尼克。选出了公众话语参与度最高的城市。这些词除了基本意义外,还获得了次要意义,通常是转喻、刻板印象和负面联想或内涵巩固的结果。收集到的材料被分组并呈现在造词巢中。
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引用次数: 0
O nazwach handlowych polskich miodów pitnych – między tradycją a nowoczesnością
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.17
R. Mazur
TRADE NAMES OF POLISH MEADS – BETWEEN TRADITION AND MODERNITYThe aim of the study is to analyze and classify the trade names of Polish meads. The research material consists of 256 names of liquors which were divided into two groups: names of direct motivation and names of conventional motivation. The analysis of the motivation of the collected onyms made it possible for the author to highlight two marketing strategies used in the promotion of mead. On the one hand, a large group of names presents honey as a traditional alcohol with a long history. On the other hand, the motivations of many of the collected chrematonyms follow the opposite tendency, which is an attempt to present mead as a modern, interesting and intriguing alcohol.
波兰蜂蜜酒的商品名称——在传统和现代之间本研究的目的是分析和分类波兰蜂蜜酒商品名称。研究材料由256个酒类名称组成,分为两组:直接动机名称和常规动机名称。通过对收集到的玛瑙的动机分析,作者有可能强调蜂蜜酒促销中使用的两种营销策略。一方面,一大群名字将蜂蜜作为一种历史悠久的传统酒精呈现出来。另一方面,许多收集到的特征的动机都遵循相反的趋势,即试图将蜂蜜酒呈现为一种现代、有趣和有趣的酒精。
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引用次数: 0
Warsaw and Kyiv Lodging Establishment Names of the Early 20th Cent. 华沙和基辅20世纪初的机构名称。
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.16
Tetiana Chernysh, Serhii Yermolenko
NAZWY WARSZAWSKICH I KIJOWSKICH HOTELI NA POCZĄTKU XX W.Artykuł zawiera studium przypadku w zakresie komparatywnej socjoonomastyki ogólnoeuropejskiego obszaru językowo-kulturowego. Analizując formę wewnętrzną nazw hoteli warszawskich i kijowskich z początku ubiegłego wieku oraz jej motywacje zewnątrzjęzykowe, autorzy pokazują, że mimo odmienności języków, orientacji narodowo-kulturowych oraz popularności pewnych onimów nazwy te stanowiły realizację na odpowiednich obszarach wspólnoeuropejskiego systemu onomastycznego w tym zakresie zarówno na poziomie poszczególnych nazw, jak i ich modeli semantycznych. Jako część systemu onomastyki europejskiej zbadane nazwy odzwierciedlają też dynamikę tego systemu, między innymi rozprzestrzenienie innowacji onomastycznych i ich przekształcenie w nieuosobione nazwy własne.
这篇文章包含了泛欧语言和文化领域的比较社会经济研究领域的一个案例研究。通过分析上世纪初华沙和基辅酒店名称的内部形式及其外部动因,作者发现,尽管语言不同,国家和文化取向以及某些名称的流行,这些名称在欧洲共同体经济学体系的相关领域中,在这方面,无论是在个人名称层面还是在其语义模型层面都得到了实施。作为欧洲经济学体系的一部分,所研究的名字也反映了这一体系的动态,包括经济学创新的传播及其转化为非个人名字。
{"title":"Warsaw and Kyiv Lodging Establishment Names of the Early 20th Cent.","authors":"Tetiana Chernysh, Serhii Yermolenko","doi":"10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.16","url":null,"abstract":"NAZWY WARSZAWSKICH I KIJOWSKICH HOTELI NA POCZĄTKU XX W.\u0000Artykuł zawiera studium przypadku w zakresie komparatywnej socjoonomastyki ogólnoeuropejskiego obszaru językowo-kulturowego. Analizując formę wewnętrzną nazw hoteli warszawskich i kijowskich z początku ubiegłego wieku oraz jej motywacje zewnątrzjęzykowe, autorzy pokazują, że mimo odmienności języków, orientacji narodowo-kulturowych oraz popularności pewnych onimów nazwy te stanowiły realizację na odpowiednich obszarach wspólnoeuropejskiego systemu onomastycznego w tym zakresie zarówno na poziomie poszczególnych nazw, jak i ich modeli semantycznych. Jako część systemu onomastyki europejskiej zbadane nazwy odzwierciedlają też dynamikę tego systemu, między innymi rozprzestrzenienie innowacji onomastycznych i ich przekształcenie w nieuosobione nazwy własne.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41790308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Zaolziańska wspólnota w trosce o tożsamość językową i kulturową 为了语言和文化认同的枣尔店社区
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.13
Janina Labocha
THE COMMUNITY OF ZAOLZIE (TRANS-OLZA) ACTING TO MAINTAIN ITS LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL IDENTITYThe community of Zaolzie includes Polish people who, as a result of the division of the Cieszyn Silesia into the Polish and Czechoslovak parts in 1929, became a national minority outside the borders of Poland. Living among the Czech population in a linguistically and culturally foreign country, the Polish community fought to maintain its ethnic and cultural identity. The bond uniting the community was maintained by the Cieszyn dialect, i.e. colloquial speech which I call the Zaolzie dialect. Educational and cultural activities were also of great importance, referring to the tradition of the struggle for Polishness in the period from the 19th century onwards. The knowledge spread by Polish schools in Zaolzie, the teaching of Polish history and, against its background, the history of the Cieszyn region, as well as the reading of Polish books contributed to the consolidation of the knowledge of Polish literary language and to the formation of Polish linguistic and national awareness in the Czech environment. In the second part of the article, I present selected utterances of Zaolzie cultural activists published in 1950s and 1960s in the regional monthly entitled “Zwrot”. They illustrate the linguistic problems in Zaolzie which are still relevant despite the changes in the local communication system that occurred as a result of the decreasing number of Polish schools and people with a strong Polish identity.
扎奥尔齐社区保持其语言和文化特征扎奥尔齐社区包括波兰人,由于切申西里西亚在1929年被划分为波兰和捷克斯洛伐克部分,他们成为波兰边界外的少数民族。波兰社区生活在语言和文化上都与捷克人口不同的国家,为维持其种族和文化特性而斗争。团结社区的纽带是由切兹方言维持的,也就是我称之为扎尔兹方言的口语。教育和文化活动也非常重要,这是指从19世纪开始为波兰而斗争的传统。扎奥尔齐的波兰学校传播的知识,波兰历史的教学,以及在其背景下,切申地区的历史,以及波兰书籍的阅读,有助于巩固波兰文学语言的知识,并在捷克环境中形成波兰语言和民族意识。在文章的第二部分,我选择了20世纪50年代和60年代在《Zwrot》月刊上发表的枣子文化活动家的话语。它们说明了祖奥尔齐的语言问题,尽管由于波兰学校和具有强烈波兰身份的人数量减少而导致当地通信系统发生了变化,但这些问题仍然存在。
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引用次数: 0
Mikołaj Rej i jego epoka po japońsku. Rozważania na marginesie książki ミコワイ・レイ氏の鏡と 動物園 [Zwierciadło i Zwierzyniec pana Mikołaja Reja] mikoł身后rej i jego epoka po japońsku . rozważania dna marginesie książ听众满意度ミコワイ・レイ动物园与他的镜子[zwierciadłoi zwierzyniec pana mikołaja reja]
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.20
B. Wojciechowski, W. Miodunka
MIKOLAJ REJ AND HIS EPOCH (POLISH RENAISSANCE) IN JAPANESE: SEVERAL THOUGHTS CONCERNING THE BOOK ミコワイ・レイ氏の鏡と動物園. ZWIERCIADŁO I ZWIERZYNIEC PANA MIKOŁAJA REJAThe article opens with remarks on Mikołaj Rej as outlined in Czesław Miłosz’s The History of Polish Literature, along with some observations on Rej’s language that became the material basis for the first grammatical description of the Polish language by Piotr Statorius-Stojeński in 1568. The next part of the article includes an outline of Professor Sekiguchi Tokimasa’s academic profile. Professor Sekiguchi is one of Japan’s foremost authorities in Polish Studies, as well as prolific writer and translator whose output includes translations of Rej’s literary legacy enclosed in the volume in question. The text also gives a detailed analysis of the original Japanese work, including its presentation of Mikołaj Rej as an author, but also commented fragments of his works: Speculum, Bestiary, Figliki (Facetiae), and The Image of a Good Man’s Life. The concluding part comments on Rej’s epoch which is commonly labeled “The Golden Age of Polish Culture”.
日本米科拉杰·热吉与他的时代(波兰文艺复兴)&对该书的几点思考ミコワイ・レイ氏の鏡と動物園. ZWIERCIADŁO I ZWIERZYNIEC PANA MIKOŁ。文章的下一部分包括Sekiguchi Tokimasa教授的学术简介。Sekiguchi教授是日本波兰研究领域最重要的权威之一,也是一位多产的作家和翻译家,他的作品包括所涉卷中Rej文学遗产的翻译。文中还对日本原作进行了详细的分析,包括对Mikołaj Rej作为作者的介绍,但也评论了他的作品片段:Speculum、Bestiary、Figliki(Facetiae)和The Image of a Good Man's Life。结语部分对雷吉的时代进行了评述,这一时代通常被称为“波兰文化的黄金时代”。
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引用次数: 0
Onomastyka otwarta. Współczesne kierunki rozwoju polskich badań nad nazwami własnymi Onomatrics打开。波兰人名研究的当代发展方向
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.15
M. Rutkowski
OPEN ONOMASTICS: CONTEMPORARY TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLISH RESEARCH ON PROPER NAMESOnomastics is traditionally treated as a subdiscipline of linguistics. Despite the close relationship between onomastics and methods of research on names derived from linguistics, a current in the development of onomastics based on other traditions and achievements in various scientific disciplines has also become popular in recent years. Given Antoni Furdal’s concept of open linguistics, one can refer to them as onomastics becoming open to perspectives and methodological frameworks beyond linguistics. In this article, the most significant types of such achievements in contemporary Polish onomastics are discussed, and a brief comment on them is made. The author discusses the changes in the subject of the research, including the methodology, as well as the processes of the permeation of paradigms and drawing inspiration from other social sciences.
开放名词学:波兰专有名词研究发展的当代趋势名词学传统上被视为语言学的一个分支学科。尽管拟声学与语言学中的名称研究方法之间有着密切的关系,但近年来,基于其他传统和各科学学科成就的拟声学发展趋势也很流行。鉴于Antoni Furdal的开放语言学概念,人们可以将其称为对语言学之外的视角和方法论框架开放的象征主义。本文论述了当代波兰象声学中最重要的这类成就,并对它们作了简要的评述。作者讨论了研究主题的变化,包括方法论的变化,以及范式渗透的过程,并从其他社会科学中获得启示。
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引用次数: 0
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