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Sygnały metaforyczności w tekstach użytkowych – na przykładzie metaforyki sportowej 实践文本中的隐喻信号&以体育隐喻为例
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.02
Renata Przybylska
SIGNALS OF METAPHORICITY IN APPLIED TEXTS – BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF SPORTS METAPHORICSThis article is an attempt of description and typology of the signals of metaphoricity present in applied texts. The illustrative material consists of metaphorical uses of sports vocabulary. The author suggests a division of metaphoricity signals into macro-textual and micro-textual. The macro-textual ones include the apparent clear contrast between the metaphorically used vocabulary, e.g. words related to sports, and the global topic of the text and the genre of the utterance. The micro-textual signals include indicators of metaphoricity at the level of metatext and at the level of the subject text. Metatextual signals are: the use of inverted commas, the use of the ‘so-called’ operator, the use of words such as like ‘proverbial’, ‘peculiar’, etc. Micro-textual signals in the subject language consist in changing the valence of the metaphorized word and altering its standard collocation profile. The metaphoricity signals in question only guide the interpretation of the meaning of words and expressions; they do not unequivocally determine their metaphorical meaning.
应用文本中的隐喻信号——以体育隐喻为例本文试图对应用文本中存在的隐喻信号进行描述和类型学。说明性材料包括对体育词汇的隐喻性使用。作者建议将隐喻信号分为宏观语篇和微观语篇。宏观文本包括隐喻性使用的词汇(如与体育相关的单词)与文本的全球主题和话语类型之间明显的明显对比。微观文本信号包括元文本层面和主题文本层面的隐喻性指标。元文本信号包括:使用引号,使用“所谓”运算符,使用“谚语”、“奇特”等词。主题语言中的微文本信号包括改变隐喻词的化合价和改变其标准搭配轮廓。所讨论的隐喻信号只指导对词语含义的解释;它们并没有明确地决定它们的隐喻意义。
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引用次数: 0
Pamięć nostalgiczna i językowa w listach lwowian do Profesor Zofii Kurzowej (w dwudziestą rocznicę śmierci Uczonej) 利沃维亚人给Sophia Kurzova教授的信中的怀旧和语言记忆(纪念这位学者逝世20周年)
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.19
Zofia Kubiszyn-Mędrala, Monika Szpiczakowska
NOSTALGIC AND LINGUISTIC MEMORY IN THE LETTERS FROM LEOPOLITANS TO PROFESSOR ZOFIA KURZOWA (ON THE 20TH ANNIVERSARY OF DEATH)The article refers to Professor Zofia Kurzowa’s research in the field of the Polish language of Kresy – the Eastern Borderlands. The authors of the article analyse letters that Leopolitans displaced in the postwar period wrote to Professor Kurzowa after the publication of her book about the Polish language of the prewar Lviv. The analysis refers to memory studies and describes the nostalgic and linguistic memory found in the letters of Leopolitans. The nostalgic memory draws on the longing for the homeland, for something that was precious in life but was lost. A manifestation of linguistic memory is what was preserved in the language of prewar Lviv.
列奥波利坦人给佐菲亚·库尔佐瓦教授的信(逝世20周年)中的怀旧和语言记忆本文介绍了佐菲亚·库尔佐瓦教授在东部边疆地区克雷斯波兰语领域的研究。这篇文章的作者分析了战后流离失所的利奥波利坦人写给库尔佐瓦教授的信件,她的书是关于战前利沃夫的波兰语的。该分析涉及记忆研究,描述了在利奥波利坦人的信件中发现的怀旧和语言记忆。怀旧的记忆来自于对故土的渴望,对生命中珍贵但已经失去的东西的渴望。语言记忆的一种表现形式是在战前的利沃夫语言中保存下来的东西。
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引用次数: 0
Korpus XIX w. Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego i IJP PAN 19世纪华沙大学和国际和平研究所
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.09
Marek Łaziński, R. Górski, M. Woźniak
CORPUS OF THE 19TH CENTURY OF THE WARSAW UNIVERSITY AND IJP PANThe article describes a historical corpus which documents the 19th and early 20th century. The corpus was created as part of a research grant whose objective was to investigate the development of the aspectual system of Polish in the last 250 years against the background of Czech and Russian. An important resource for this investigation was a database of aspectual triplets, which, in turn, was based on materials such as text corpora. Since there was no large corpus of the 19th and early 20th century available, there was a need to bridge this gap. In the course of the project, such corpus was made and it is now publicly accessible with no restrictions. This comprehensive corpus contains over 12 million contemporary words. Its texts originate from major Polish virtual libraries. It is POS-tagged with a tagger dedicated for 19th century texts. A web-based concordancer, an adjusted version of ParaVoz, allows for querying the corpus. The queries may be constrained by metadata.
华沙大学和IJP pan19世纪语料库这篇文章描述了一个记录19世纪和20世纪初的历史语料库。该语料库是作为研究资助的一部分创建的,其目的是在捷克语和俄语的背景下调查波兰语在过去250年的发展。这一调查的一个重要资源是面向三联体的数据库,而这一数据库又以文本语料库等材料为基础。由于19世纪和20世纪初没有大量的语料库,因此有必要弥补这一差距。在项目的过程中,这样的语料库被制作出来,现在它是公开的,没有任何限制。这个综合语料库包含1200多万当代词汇。它的文本来自波兰主要的虚拟图书馆。它用专用于19世纪文本的标签机进行了邮政标签。一个基于网络的索引器,一个调整版本的ParaVoz,允许查询语料库。查询可能受到元数据的约束。
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引用次数: 0
Deutsche Appellativa Zur Bezeichnung Von Metallgiessern Im Spiegel Polnischer, Ukrainischer Und Weissrussischer Sprachdenkmäler 德国寓所用波兰语、乌克兰语和weiss俄罗斯语纪念碑上的金属铸工
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.14
Taras Pyts
GERMAN APPELLATIONS FOR DENOTING CASTERS IN THE MIRROR OF POLISH, UKRAINIAN AND BYELORUSSIAN WRITTEN RECOLLECTIONSThe paper is dedicated to the research of German names of the casters (Kannengießer, Rotgießer, Gießer, Buchstaben-/Schriftgießer, Rinckenmacher) and also their word-forms in Polish, Ukrainian and Byelorussian as a craftsman name and/or surname. The research on the etymology of German borrowings in the three Slavonic languages is analysed. On the basis of written recollection of German, Polish, Ukrainian and Byelorussian languages of the 14th – 18th centuries, it can be determined which German word-forms of the handicraft names were included into Slavonic languages and what their dialectal origins as well as ways and chronology of borrowings were. Phonetic, morphologic and graphic transformations are also analyzed, and the semantics of Polish rynkmacher and Ukrainian гисеръ/гисаръ is defined more precisely.
德国呼吁在波兰、乌克兰和白俄罗斯的镜子中否定铸造者本文致力于研究铸造者的德语名称(Kannengießer、Rotgiełer,Gießer、Buchstaben-/SchriftgieÚer和Rinckenmacher),以及它们在波兰语、乌克兰语和白俄罗斯语中作为工匠名称和/或姓氏的单词形式。分析了三种斯拉夫语言中德语借词的词源研究。根据对14-18世纪德语、波兰语、乌克兰语和白俄罗斯语的书面回忆,可以确定斯拉夫语中包含了哪些手工业名称的德语单词形式,以及它们的方言起源以及借用的方式和年代。还分析了语音、形态和图形的转换,并更准确地定义了波兰语rynkmacher和乌克兰语Γи。
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引用次数: 0
Umieranie i śmierć w polskojęzycznych drukach prawosławnych z kręgu Akademii Mohylańskiej
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.11
Jolanta Klimek-Grądzka
DYING AND DEATH IN POLISH LANGUAGE ORTHODOX PRINTED TEXTS AUTHORED BY THE MEMBERS OF KIYV-MOHYLA ACADEMYThis article deals with the Polish lexis in the semantic field of DEATH and conceptualizations of death as represented in Orthodox hagiographies and miracula collections. The analysis includes the following three text collections: H. Denisowicz’s Parergon cudów świętych [Parergon of the Miracles of the Saints] (1638), A. Kalnofojski’s Teratourgēma lubo cuda... [Teratourgēma, that is Miracles...] (1638) and S. Kossow’s Paterikon abo zywoty… [Patericon, that is the lives...] (1635). The lexical field under analysis was further divided in to subcategories addressing e.g. the cause of death (zabić [kill], zamordować [murder], obwiesić się [hang oneself]), the killer (bratomorderca [fratricide]), or the relationship between the killer and the victim (oycozaboystwo [patricide]). The article concentrates predominantly on conceptualizations of death, such as death as a road, farewell, crossing the borderline, salvation / condemnation, a dream. These are presented against the background of the Old Polish literary tradition.
波兰语的死亡与死亡ORTHODOX印刷文本由KIYV-MOHYLA学院成员撰写本文涉及死亡语义领域的波兰词汇以及东正教圣徒传记和奇迹集中所代表的死亡概念。分析包括以下三个文本集:H.Denisowicz的Parergon cudówświÉtych〔Parergon of The Miracles of The Saints〕(1638),A.Kalnofojski的Teratourgıma lubo cuda。。。[Teratourgıma,那就是奇迹…](1638)和S.Kossow的Paterikon abo zywoty…[Patrericon,那就是生命…](163)。所分析的词汇领域被进一步划分为子类别,例如死因(zabić[杀人]、zamordować[谋杀]、obwiesićsiń[上吊自杀])、凶手(bratomorderca[自相残杀])或凶手和受害者之间的关系(oycozaboystwo[弑父])。这篇文章主要集中在死亡的概念上,比如死亡是一条路,告别,跨越边界,救赎/谴责,梦想。这些都是在旧波兰文学传统的背景下提出的。
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引用次数: 0
Polski bezokolicznik celu przy czasownikach ruchu 波兰语目的不定式与动动词
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.03
Magdalena Danielewiczowa, Izabela Duraj-Nowosielska
POLISH INFINITIVE OF PURPOSE WITH MOTION VERBSThe authors of the article discuss Polish verbal constructions with an infinitive indicating the purpose of the motion, such as pobiegł otworzyć drzwi (he ran to open the door). In the first part of the study, the authors describe the research field, separating lexicalised expressions such as [ktoś] idzie spać ([someone] goes to sleep), (nie) idzie wytrzymać (it is hard to bear this), spieszę donieść, że… (I’m in a rush to report that…). The second part is devoted to the formal characteristics of structures with the infinitive of purpose. The semantic aspects of the studied structures are considered in the third part of the article. The authors present several arguments contradicting the common view that the analysed expressions and the corresponding structures with a subordinate purpose clause are synonymous. Part four of the study provides information on the status of the examined structures in contemporary Polish. Their formal and semantic properties suggest that they are products of a semantic-syntactic operation. In the last, fifth section of the article, the authors place Polish verbal constructions with the infinitive of purpose against a broader typological background, considering their relationship with similar expressions in other languages, which are at various stages of grammaticalization.
这篇文章的作者讨论了波兰语的动词结构,其中不定式表示运动的目的,比如pobiegłotworzyćdrzwi(他跑去开门)。在研究的第一部分,作者描述了研究领域,分离了词汇化表达,如[ktoś]idzie spać。第二部分探讨目的不定式结构的形式特征。文章的第三部分考虑了所研究结构的语义方面。作者提出了一些论点,反驳了被分析的表达方式和带有从属目的从句的相应结构是同义的这一普遍观点。本研究的第四部分提供了关于当代波兰语中被检查结构的现状的信息。它们的形式和语义特性表明它们是语义句法操作的产物。在文章的最后,也就是第五节中,作者将带有目的不定式的波兰语动词结构置于更广泛的类型学背景下,考虑到它们与其他语言中类似表达的关系,这些语言正处于不同的语法化阶段。
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引用次数: 0
Słownictwo religijne a reformacja. Głos w dyskusji nad konfesyjnym zróżnicowaniem polskiej leksyki w XVI w. 宗教词汇与宗教改革。16世纪波兰语词汇忏悔分化讨论中的一个声音。
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.12
Magdalena Gozdek, E. Woźniak
RELIGIOUS VOCABULARY AND THE REFORMATION: A CONTRIBUTION TO THE DISCUSSION ON THE CONFESSIONAL DIVERSITY OF THE SIXTEENTH-CENTURY POLISH LEXICONThe article addresses the problem of the confessional diversity of sixteenth-century Polish religious vocabulary. It revises the arguments put forward by other academics and formulates new research recommendations. Focusing on the lexicon of Polish Lutheranism, which has so far received little scholarly attention, the article examines the vocabulary used in the polemical texts by one of the main representatives of the Polish Reformation: the Lutheran Erazm Gliczner. Based on the analysis of two groups of confessional terms: 1. repentance [pokajanie] – reflection [upamiętanie], 2. the Catholic church [Kościół] – the Protestant church [Zbór], we claim that the author does not avoid words that belong to the Catholic lexicon, but distances himself from the terminology used by representatives of radical, anti-Trinitarian denominations. Our findings help to revise certain popular ideas, conclusions drawn from the analysis of Polish translations of the Bible, as well as linguistic commentaries of the translators. It is thus essential that the research in the field of the sixteenth-century Polish religious vocabulary should be continued and should include texts other than Bible translations, i.e., texts whose authors’ word choice was determined by different factors.
宗教词汇与改革:对讨论十六世纪波兰语词汇的内涵多样性的贡献本文讨论了十六世纪波兰语宗教词汇的忏悔多样性问题。它修正了其他学者提出的论点,并提出了新的研究建议。本文以迄今为止很少受到学术关注的波兰路德会词汇为中心,考察了波兰宗教改革的主要代表之一路德会教徒Erazm Gliczner在辩论文本中使用的词汇。基于对两组忏悔词的分析:1。忏悔[波卡贾尼]-反思[乌帕米·塔尼],2。天主教会[Kościół]-新教[Zbór],我们声称作者并不回避属于天主教词典的词语,而是与激进、反三位一体教派代表使用的术语保持距离。我们的发现有助于修正某些流行的观点,从对《圣经》波兰语翻译的分析中得出的结论,以及译者的语言评论。因此,必须继续对16世纪波兰宗教词汇进行研究,并应包括圣经翻译以外的文本,即作者的选词由不同因素决定的文本。
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引用次数: 0
Notulae etymologicae Lemkovianae Lemkovianae词源笔记本
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-11-21 DOI: 10.12797/lv.17.2022.34.14
Ľubor Králik
NOTULAE ETYMOLOGICAE LEMKOVIANAE (LEMKO ETYMOLOGICAL NOTES) The study was inspired by the recent monograph Lemko Etymologies (Fałowski, Hojsak, 2020) which analyses more than 520 words from the Lemko ethnolect, mostly lexicon of unclear and unreliable origin, lexicon for which new explanations may be proposed, as well as rare lexemes which had not yet been interpreted etymologically. The present article consists of 18 etymological notes in which the author discusses a fragment of the lexicon included in the monograph (additional arguments in favour of the proposed etymologies, alternative etymological explanations, attempts at interpretation of obscure lexemes). Against the background of recent advances in Slavonic etymology (more emphasis on etymological research into dialectal lexicon), the author also expresses his unequivocal support for the intended project of a comprehensive etymological dictionary of the Lemko ethnolect.
这项研究的灵感来自于最近出版的专著LEMKO Etymologies (Fałowski, Hojsak, 2020),该专著分析了来自LEMKO民族知识的520多个单词,其中大部分是起源不明确和不可靠的词汇,可能会提出新的解释,以及尚未从词源学上解释的罕见词汇。本文由18个词源学注释组成,其中作者讨论了专著中包含的词汇片段(支持提出的词源学,替代词源学解释,试图解释晦涩的词源学的额外论据)。在斯拉夫语源学最近取得进展的背景下(更加强调方言词汇的词源学研究),作者也表达了他对Lemko民族综合词源学词典的预期项目的明确支持。
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引用次数: 0
Historia polonistyki na Uniwersytecie przy Unter den Linden Unter den Linden大学波兰研究史
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-11-21 DOI: 10.12797/lv.17.2022.34.19
Hanna Burkhardt
HISTORY OF POLISH STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY IN UNTER DEN LINDEN This paper presents the history of Slavonic/Polish Studies at the University of Berlin from 1841 until today. The most important scientific achievements of the successive heads of departments are briefly discussed, with particular emphasis on Polish linguistic research at the Humboldt University. Moreover, attention is paid to the changing statistics of students and various courses of study.
柏林大学波兰语研究史本文介绍了从1841年到今天柏林大学斯拉夫语/波兰语的研究史。简要讨论了历任系主任最重要的科学成就,特别是洪堡大学的波兰语研究。此外,还注意学生和各种课程的统计数据的变化。
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引用次数: 0
Lucjan Malinowski i Słownik staropolski
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-11-21 DOI: 10.12797/lv.17.2022.34.16
Ewa Deptuchowa
LUCJAN MALINOWSKI AND SŁOWNIK STAROPOLSKI The objective of the article is showing the role played by Lucjan Malinowski (1839-1898) in the preparation of Słownik staropolski (Dictionary of the Old Polish Language). Using the materials documenting the creation and activity of the Academy of Learning, he shows one of the aspects of activities taken up within the institution. The idea of preparing Słownik staropolski (1953-2002) is connected with professor L. Malinowski. The author of the article shows Malinowski’s contribution to the undertaking in the context of his role played in the history of the Academy of Learning and the University of Kraków.
LUCJAN MALINOWSKI和SŁOWNIK STAROPOLSKI本文的目的是展示LUCJAN Marinowski(1839-1898)在编写SłOWNIK-STAROPOLSKI(《古波兰语词典》)中所扮演的角色。他利用记录学院创建和活动的材料,展示了学院内部活动的一个方面。准备Słownik staroposki(1953-2002)的想法与L.Malinowski教授有关。这篇文章的作者在学习学院和克拉科夫大学的历史中发挥了作用,展示了马林诺夫斯基对这项事业的贡献。
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引用次数: 0
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