Pub Date : 2022-05-18DOI: 10.12797/lv.17.2022.33.13
Aleksandra Niewiara
AXIOLOGICAL VALUE OF STATE ANTHEMS OF THE SLAVS IN A COMPARATIVE APPROACH The author suggests a method for determining the set of values of Slavic cultures that is based on the analysis of important cultural texts. Examples of such texts are national anthems. Thirteen hymns of Slavic states and the national anthem of the Lusatians were analyzed. It was found that some of the distinguished semantic components correspond to the sets of Slavic values discussed in literature (LIFE, HEALTH, FAMILY, HOME, EARTH, WORK, LOVE, BEAUTY, HAPPINESS, WISDOM, SINCERITY, FAITHFULNESS, HONESTY, JUSTICE, FREEDOM, HONOUR, FAITH, GOD). It has been shown that as a result of grouping the components into networked clusters of concepts, it is possible to discover basic axiological binary oppositions (LIFE – DEATH, CONSENT – DISCORD), and in the course of linguistic and cultural analysis, relationships between apparently unrelated components can be revealed.
{"title":"Aksjologiczna wartość hymnów państwowych Słowian w ujęciu porównawczym","authors":"Aleksandra Niewiara","doi":"10.12797/lv.17.2022.33.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.17.2022.33.13","url":null,"abstract":"AXIOLOGICAL VALUE OF STATE ANTHEMS OF THE SLAVS IN A COMPARATIVE APPROACH\u0000The author suggests a method for determining the set of values of Slavic cultures that is based on the analysis of important cultural texts. Examples of such texts are national anthems. Thirteen hymns of Slavic states and the national anthem of the Lusatians were analyzed. It was found that some of the distinguished semantic components correspond to the sets of Slavic values discussed in literature (LIFE, HEALTH, FAMILY, HOME, EARTH, WORK, LOVE, BEAUTY, HAPPINESS, WISDOM, SINCERITY, FAITHFULNESS, HONESTY, JUSTICE, FREEDOM, HONOUR, FAITH, GOD). It has been shown that as a result of grouping the components into networked clusters of concepts, it is possible to discover basic axiological binary oppositions (LIFE – DEATH, CONSENT – DISCORD), and in the course of linguistic and cultural analysis, relationships between apparently unrelated components can be revealed.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49451910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-18DOI: 10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.22
R. Kregždys
On the Origin of Mythonyms (Pol. dial. kautek, (G dial) (wschprus.) Kautke) Referring to etymological analysis, the author of this article presents a new hypothesis concerning the origin of the Polish mythological name kautek and the East Prussian word Kautke. The analysis refers to the description of derivatives and semantic development of those mythonyms. While summing up the research results, one may conclude that mythological names such as Pol. dial. kautek, G dial. (EPr.) Kautke belong to lexemes of the West Slavic origin. More precisely, those mythonyms are derived from Pol. dial. *kałtunek ‘a mythological being who makes human hair tangled’ ↔ ‘a dwarf’ ← WSl. *kołtun ‘a mythological being’ (> USrb. kołtun ‘wił – a demon living in a tree’ ↔ (M)Pol. (dial.) kołtun ‘hair allegedly tangled because of a disease called trichoma’ < PSl. *kъḷtunъ ‘curled hair’) + dem. suff. Pol. -ek. East Prussian mythologeme Kautke belongs to Polonisms used in the past in the Duchy of Prussia.
{"title":"On the origin of Pol. dial. kautek ‘dwarf’, G dial. (EPr.) Kautke ‘ditto’","authors":"R. Kregždys","doi":"10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.22","url":null,"abstract":"On the Origin of Mythonyms (Pol. dial. kautek, (G dial) (wschprus.) Kautke) \u0000Referring to etymological analysis, the author of this article presents a new hypothesis concerning the origin of the Polish mythological name kautek and the East Prussian word Kautke. The analysis refers to the description of derivatives and semantic development of those mythonyms. While summing up the research results, one may conclude that mythological names such as Pol. dial. kautek, G dial. (EPr.) Kautke belong to lexemes of the West Slavic origin. More precisely, those mythonyms are derived from Pol. dial. *kałtunek ‘a mythological being who makes human hair tangled’ ↔ ‘a dwarf’ ← WSl. *kołtun ‘a mythological being’ (> USrb. kołtun ‘wił – a demon living in a tree’ ↔ (M)Pol. (dial.) kołtun ‘hair allegedly tangled because of a disease called trichoma’ < PSl. *kъḷtunъ ‘curled hair’) + dem. suff. Pol. -ek. East Prussian mythologeme Kautke belongs to Polonisms used in the past in the Duchy of Prussia.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41846528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-18DOI: 10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.17
Jerzy Bartmiński, Stanisława Niebrzegowska-Bartmińska
Krystyna Pisarkowa’s Discovering of Malinowski The article is concerned with the two-volume publication Językoznawstwo Bronisława Malinowskiego [Bronisław Malinowski’s Linguistics], edited by Krystyna Pisarek. Its first volume contains the editor’s thorough analysis of the linguistic achievements of this Polish-born British anthropologist, while the second volume includes translations of Malinowski’s works and a dictionary of the Kiriwina language. The linguistic importance of Malinowski’s works had been underestimated: his articles “Classificatory Particles in the Language of Kiriwina” (1920) and “The Problem of Meaning in Primitive Languages” (1923) were not included in the thirteen-volume collection of his writings (Dzieła [Works]). Pisarkowa, in turn, does recognize Malinowski’s contribution to linguistics and considers the following to be his unique achievements: (1) the discovery of the phatic function of speech (adopted by Roman Jakobson in his classification of language functions); (2) an explicit formulation of the principle of contextualism and the pragmatic aspect of word meaning; and (3) a precise description of the Kiriwina system of classificatory particles.
{"title":"Krystyny Pisarkowej odkrywanie Malinowskiego","authors":"Jerzy Bartmiński, Stanisława Niebrzegowska-Bartmińska","doi":"10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.17","url":null,"abstract":"Krystyna Pisarkowa’s Discovering of Malinowski \u0000The article is concerned with the two-volume publication Językoznawstwo Bronisława Malinowskiego [Bronisław Malinowski’s Linguistics], edited by Krystyna Pisarek. Its first volume contains the editor’s thorough analysis of the linguistic achievements of this Polish-born British anthropologist, while the second volume includes translations of Malinowski’s works and a dictionary of the Kiriwina language. The linguistic importance of Malinowski’s works had been underestimated: his articles “Classificatory Particles in the Language of Kiriwina” (1920) and “The Problem of Meaning in Primitive Languages” (1923) were not included in the thirteen-volume collection of his writings (Dzieła [Works]). Pisarkowa, in turn, does recognize Malinowski’s contribution to linguistics and considers the following to be his unique achievements: (1) the discovery of the phatic function of speech (adopted by Roman Jakobson in his classification of language functions); (2) an explicit formulation of the principle of contextualism and the pragmatic aspect of word meaning; and (3) a precise description of the Kiriwina system of classificatory particles.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47645936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-18DOI: 10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.24
Alicja Stankiewicz
Conceptualization of Hope in Conceptual Metaphors in the Statements of Patients with Malignant Tumor and Healthy People The article presents the results of analyses of language structures obtained from blog texts, divided into two parts: research group and control group. The analyses aimed at checking which metaphors are used to conceptualize hope among people with cancer and healthy people, and to identify differences in the conceptualization of this feeling. The difference is in the attitude of the conceptualising people: patients describe themselves more often as passive participants in events, and they usually borrow hope from others, while healthy people are more active. The issue of the influence of individual contextual factors on the formation of metaphors is also very interesting.
{"title":"Konceptualizacja nadziei w metaforach pojęciowych w wypowiedziach pacjentów chorych na nowotwór złośliwy na tle wypowiedzi osób zdrowych","authors":"Alicja Stankiewicz","doi":"10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.24","url":null,"abstract":"Conceptualization of Hope in Conceptual Metaphors in the Statements of Patients with Malignant Tumor and Healthy People \u0000The article presents the results of analyses of language structures obtained from blog texts, divided into two parts: research group and control group. The analyses aimed at checking which metaphors are used to conceptualize hope among people with cancer and healthy people, and to identify differences in the conceptualization of this feeling. The difference is in the attitude of the conceptualising people: patients describe themselves more often as passive participants in events, and they usually borrow hope from others, while healthy people are more active. The issue of the influence of individual contextual factors on the formation of metaphors is also very interesting.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48014937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-18DOI: 10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.04
Aleksander Kiklewicz, Sebastian Przybyszewski
Aesthetic Acts of Speech as a Subject of Pragmalinguistics: Status, Functions, Forms. Part 1 In the paper, the status and features of aesthetic speech acts are discussed. They are a research phenomenon at the junction of two disciplines: pragmatics and stylistics. The authors treat aesthetic speech acts as these kinds of speech acts that are produced by the sender with an intention to make the receiver have an aesthetic experience, however, they are not limited solely to the field of literature. No performative verbs can be ascribed to them, therefore they may be categorized as indirect stimulating acts. Moreover, the aesthetic function performed by such speech acts is frequently accompanied by other linguistic functions.
{"title":"Estetyczne akty mowy jako przedmiot pragmalingwistyki: status, funkcje, formy","authors":"Aleksander Kiklewicz, Sebastian Przybyszewski","doi":"10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.04","url":null,"abstract":"Aesthetic Acts of Speech as a Subject of Pragmalinguistics: Status, Functions, Forms. Part 1 \u0000In the paper, the status and features of aesthetic speech acts are discussed. They are a research phenomenon at the junction of two disciplines: pragmatics and stylistics. The authors treat aesthetic speech acts as these kinds of speech acts that are produced by the sender with an intention to make the receiver have an aesthetic experience, however, they are not limited solely to the field of literature. No performative verbs can be ascribed to them, therefore they may be categorized as indirect stimulating acts. Moreover, the aesthetic function performed by such speech acts is frequently accompanied by other linguistic functions.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41636001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-18DOI: 10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.07
J. Winiarska
Is It True that “If You Run Ahead of Yourself, You Cannot Go Very Far”? Image Schemata and Aphorisms The author uses a cognitive tool called image schemata to analyse aphorisms. The schemata originate from early bodily experience and are enable to ground the phenomenon of linguistic meaning there. The aphorism is defined not only as a linguistic fact but as a conceptual structure based on an axiological clash. The clash results from profiling opposite values in the used schemata. Considering the language-values relationship, the article adopts a cognitive linguistics approach which claims that valuation is an immanent part of symbolic language units and it mustn’t be relegated to the area of pragmatics. Following Krzeszowski’s concept, the author assumes that preconceptual schemata interact with the SCALE schema. The hearer/reader of the self-contradictory expression must reinterpret it using metaphorical meanings. These are easily available thanks to conceptual metaphors which include image schemata in their source domains.
{"title":"Czy idąc prosto przed siebie, nie można zajść daleko?","authors":"J. Winiarska","doi":"10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.07","url":null,"abstract":"Is It True that “If You Run Ahead of Yourself, You Cannot Go Very Far”? Image Schemata and Aphorisms \u0000The author uses a cognitive tool called image schemata to analyse aphorisms. The schemata originate from early bodily experience and are enable to ground the phenomenon of linguistic meaning there. The aphorism is defined not only as a linguistic fact but as a conceptual structure based on an axiological clash. The clash results from profiling opposite values in the used schemata. Considering the language-values relationship, the article adopts a cognitive linguistics approach which claims that valuation is an immanent part of symbolic language units and it mustn’t be relegated to the area of pragmatics. Following Krzeszowski’s concept, the author assumes that preconceptual schemata interact with the SCALE schema. The hearer/reader of the self-contradictory expression must reinterpret it using metaphorical meanings. These are easily available thanks to conceptual metaphors which include image schemata in their source domains.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43526934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-18DOI: 10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.12
Zofia Sawaniewska-Mochowa, Katarzyna Siewert-Kowalkowska
Emotive-Evaluative Germanisms in the Kuyavian Dialect: Names of Persons The article contributes to the knowledge on the sources of lexical borrowings from German into Polish dialects. The subject of the analysis includes selected names of persons that are Germanisms, characterized by expressiveness, and documented in the Kuyavian dialect. The vocabulary of this region has never been studied in this aspect. The material was taken from the 1st Volume of The Dialect and Culture Dictionary of Kuyavia, and from its file. The term “Germanism” is understood broadly in this paper. Germanisms are considered not only as proper borrowings from the German language and dialects, but also as derivatives which were created in the native Kuyavian land on the basis of German original forms, using various nominative techniques. Four ways of penetrating the German influence into the Polish language were indicated. Various criteria were used in the analysis of these German loans: formal, etymological, semantic and geographical ones. A typology of expressivisms, developed by Stanisław Grabias, was utilised. The article presents seventeen Germanisms in the Kuyavian dialect that define a man in terms of his physicalness, psyche and material status, in the context of the comparison with the semantically similar vocabulary in other regions of Poland and with non-general varieties of Polish. These are names that mostly reflect negative valuation (e.g. gałgan, fagas, huncwot, rojber, ekensztyjer, lofer, lump), and that are already present in the meanings and expressiveness of the German basic forms.
{"title":"Germanizmy emotywno-oceniające w gwarach kujawskich: nazwy osób","authors":"Zofia Sawaniewska-Mochowa, Katarzyna Siewert-Kowalkowska","doi":"10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.12","url":null,"abstract":"Emotive-Evaluative Germanisms in the Kuyavian Dialect: Names of Persons \u0000The article contributes to the knowledge on the sources of lexical borrowings from German into Polish dialects. The subject of the analysis includes selected names of persons that are Germanisms, characterized by expressiveness, and documented in the Kuyavian dialect. The vocabulary of this region has never been studied in this aspect. The material was taken from the 1st Volume of The Dialect and Culture Dictionary of Kuyavia, and from its file. The term “Germanism” is understood broadly in this paper. Germanisms are considered not only as proper borrowings from the German language and dialects, but also as derivatives which were created in the native Kuyavian land on the basis of German original forms, using various nominative techniques. Four ways of penetrating the German influence into the Polish language were indicated. Various criteria were used in the analysis of these German loans: formal, etymological, semantic and geographical ones. A typology of expressivisms, developed by Stanisław Grabias, was utilised. The article presents seventeen Germanisms in the Kuyavian dialect that define a man in terms of his physicalness, psyche and material status, in the context of the comparison with the semantically similar vocabulary in other regions of Poland and with non-general varieties of Polish. These are names that mostly reflect negative valuation (e.g. gałgan, fagas, huncwot, rojber, ekensztyjer, lofer, lump), and that are already present in the meanings and expressiveness of the German basic forms.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45572919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-18DOI: 10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.20
Joanna Kubaszczyk
“How Much I Dissemble I shall not Utter”: on Aposiopesis in the Poems by Wisława Szymborska and Their Translation into German Krystyna Pisarkowa emphasises the importance of means which participate in shaping the expression of emotions in a poetic text, and calls for extracting from the text “essential ingredients from seemingly minor semantic accents” (Pisarkowa 1998: 36). In this article, the author takes this inspiration and analyses how Wisława Szymborska applies silence in her poems as an aesthetic category and an expression of choked emotions, what indicators of silence she uses, and what happens with this silence in the translation of her poems into German by Karl Dedecius. The author concludes that a translator should be able to empathise with emotions and be an intermediary not only for the word, but also for the unspoken.
{"title":"„Ile przemilczam, tego nie wypowiem”: o (prze)milczeniu w utworach Wisławy Szymborskiej i ich przekładzie na język niemiecki","authors":"Joanna Kubaszczyk","doi":"10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.20","url":null,"abstract":"“How Much I Dissemble I shall not Utter”: on Aposiopesis in the Poems by Wisława Szymborska and Their Translation into German \u0000Krystyna Pisarkowa emphasises the importance of means which participate in shaping the expression of emotions in a poetic text, and calls for extracting from the text “essential ingredients from seemingly minor semantic accents” (Pisarkowa 1998: 36). In this article, the author takes this inspiration and analyses how Wisława Szymborska applies silence in her poems as an aesthetic category and an expression of choked emotions, what indicators of silence she uses, and what happens with this silence in the translation of her poems into German by Karl Dedecius. The author concludes that a translator should be able to empathise with emotions and be an intermediary not only for the word, but also for the unspoken.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48699977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-18DOI: 10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.08
Marta Śleziak
The Place of Catchwords and Slogans in Political Communication The paper discusses the function of catchwords and slogans, as well as the role that these forms play in political communication. Not only are they short and catchy sayings, but they also carry important meanings – from the point of view of both the government and the society. Political slogans and catchwords are a significant part of political campaigns, politicians’ presentations and election programs, as well as social movements and protests. As multimodal carries, they can be examined with the use of systemic functional linguistics methods. The analysis and conclusions are based on the collection of more than 3100 items: political catchwords from Polish political discourse, excerpted from written (ephemera, press) and oral texts (protests, demonstrations, live presentations) published in 1918–2018. The collection is the part of the project which aims at publishing A Dictionary of Political Catchwords.
{"title":"Miejsce hasła i sloganu w komunikowaniu politycznym","authors":"Marta Śleziak","doi":"10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12797/lv.16.2021.32.08","url":null,"abstract":"The Place of Catchwords and Slogans in Political Communication \u0000The paper discusses the function of catchwords and slogans, as well as the role that these forms play in political communication. Not only are they short and catchy sayings, but they also carry important meanings – from the point of view of both the government and the society. Political slogans and catchwords are a significant part of political campaigns, politicians’ presentations and election programs, as well as social movements and protests. As multimodal carries, they can be examined with the use of systemic functional linguistics methods. The analysis and conclusions are based on the collection of more than 3100 items: political catchwords from Polish political discourse, excerpted from written (ephemera, press) and oral texts (protests, demonstrations, live presentations) published in 1918–2018. The collection is the part of the project which aims at publishing A Dictionary of Political Catchwords.","PeriodicalId":52400,"journal":{"name":"LingVaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46341687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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