Vadims Viktorovs, A. Romanova, Inga Azina, B. Rozentāle
Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a biocide-based disinfectant against pathogenic flora on the skin of the hands. Methods: This is a prospective study of 30 participants from the general population. The questionnaire, interview data and results of two swab analysis were collected. All the data were statistically analyzed. Results: The results demonstrated that after using a biocide-based disinfectant, the number of bacteria colonies on the participants’ skin decreased or completely disappeared, and a significant correlation was found between the number of colonies before and after disinfection. In case of coagulase-negative staphylococcus the number of colony – forming units (CFU) significantly decreased [p < 0,001]. Also, Bacillus ssp. and Acinetobacter spp. were also found in 17.6% (n = 3) of the participants after the disinfection, however the number of the colonies was significantly smaller [p = 0,001; p = 0,008]. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that a biocide-based disinfec tant has high effectiveness against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, as well as fungal pathogens.
{"title":"Efficacy of biocide-based sanitizer in daily use during the COVID–19 pandemic","authors":"Vadims Viktorovs, A. Romanova, Inga Azina, B. Rozentāle","doi":"10.31373/ejtcm/144487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31373/ejtcm/144487","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a biocide-based disinfectant against pathogenic flora on the skin of the hands. Methods: This is a prospective study of 30 participants from the general population. The questionnaire, interview data and results of two swab analysis were collected. All the data were statistically analyzed. Results: The results demonstrated that after using a biocide-based disinfectant, the number of bacteria colonies on the participants’ skin decreased or completely disappeared, and a significant correlation was found between the number of colonies before and after disinfection. In case of coagulase-negative staphylococcus the number of colony – forming units (CFU) significantly decreased [p < 0,001]. Also, Bacillus ssp. and Acinetobacter spp. were also found in 17.6% (n = 3) of the participants after the disinfection, however the number of the colonies was significantly smaller [p = 0,001; p = 0,008]. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that a biocide-based disinfec tant has high effectiveness against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, as well as fungal pathogens.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46496474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-20DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.3.202
T. Koltai
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is still one of the most malignant and difficult to treat cancers. The therapeutic protocols in use, such as gemcitabine, gemcitabine associated with nab-paclitaxel and/or cisplatin or the FOLFIRINOX scheme have added very little to PDAC outcome. It is clear by now, that none of them can do the job alone. The more than 3,300 trials registered in clinicaltrials.gov is the best proof that research has not yet found an adequate response to tackle this disease. Thus, an innovative search is badly needed. As part of this investigation we came across a phytotherapeutic product that has been very successful for the treatment of falciparum- and vivax- caused malaria: artemisinin derivatives. These derivatives showed very low toxicity for humans and have been tested in millions of patients with paludism. Interestingly, they have also shown important anti-cancer properties. Regarding PDAC in particular there is strong evidence supporting not only an additive effect to gemcitabine without a concomitant increase in human toxicity, but also decreased resistance. This mini-review will discuss the evidence showing that artemisinin derivatives can be the best possible association with gemcitabine for PDAC chemotherapeutic treatment.
{"title":"Is Artesunate the Best Partner of Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Cancer?","authors":"T. Koltai","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.3.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.3.202","url":null,"abstract":"Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is still one of the most malignant and difficult to treat cancers. The therapeutic protocols in use, such as gemcitabine, gemcitabine associated with nab-paclitaxel and/or cisplatin or the FOLFIRINOX scheme have added very little to PDAC outcome. It is clear by now, that none of them can do the job alone. The more than 3,300 trials registered in clinicaltrials.gov is the best proof that research has not yet found an adequate response to tackle this disease. Thus, an innovative search is badly needed. As part of this investigation we came across a phytotherapeutic product that has been very successful for the treatment of falciparum- and vivax- caused malaria: artemisinin derivatives. These derivatives showed very low toxicity for humans and have been tested in millions of patients with paludism. \u0000Interestingly, they have also shown important anti-cancer properties. Regarding PDAC in particular there is strong evidence supporting not only an additive effect to gemcitabine without a concomitant increase in human toxicity, but also decreased resistance. This mini-review will discuss the evidence showing that artemisinin derivatives can be the best possible association with gemcitabine for PDAC chemotherapeutic treatment.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73616719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-20DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.3.207
C. Olivier
Food Allergy is a chronic systemic immuno-inflammatory condition that depends on several factors, but, above all, the gastrointestinal epithelial barrier. The rupture of this intestinal barrier results in a deleterious increase in intestinal permeability allowing the paracellular permeation of molecules greater than 150 Da into the bloodstream, producing an equivalent immune response, decreasing the immune tolerance. Intestinal Hyperpermeability has been linked not only to food allergy but also to Metabolic Syndrome and Non-Alcoholic Fat Liver Disease. Here we review the factors that contribute to producing Intestinal Hyperpermeability, as well the factors that contribute to the restoration of the epithelial barrier, improving the clinical outcome of food-allergic patients. The main factors that increase the Intestinal Hyperpermeability are A) Immune-Inflammatory (food allergy itself and autoimmune conditions); B) Iatrogenic (steroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, antacids, antibiotics, and gastric-bypass surgeries); C) Infectious (rotavirus, HIV, SARS-CO2, Helicobacter pylori, Candida albicans, etc.); and D) Lifestyle-related (alcoholic beverages, food addiction, food overconsumption, consumption of industrialized food with high-fructose content and emulsifiers). The main factors that restore the intestinal barrier and immune tolerances are the intestinal microbiota and functional nutrients such as Vitamin A and vegetal fibers. Mucoprotectants agents, such as gelatin tannate and xyloglucan, are in study to become part of the medical arsenal to treat Intestinal Hyperpermeability conditions.
{"title":"Considering Intestinal Hyperpermeability and Immune-Inflammatory Metabolism in the Treatment of Food Allergy","authors":"C. Olivier","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.3.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.3.207","url":null,"abstract":"Food Allergy is a chronic systemic immuno-inflammatory condition that depends on several factors, but, above all, the gastrointestinal epithelial barrier. The rupture of this intestinal barrier results in a deleterious increase in intestinal permeability allowing the paracellular permeation of molecules greater than 150 Da into the bloodstream, producing an equivalent immune response, decreasing the immune tolerance. Intestinal Hyperpermeability has been linked not only to food allergy but also to Metabolic Syndrome and Non-Alcoholic Fat Liver Disease. Here we review the factors that contribute to producing Intestinal Hyperpermeability, as well the factors that contribute to the restoration of the epithelial barrier, improving the clinical outcome of food-allergic patients. The main factors that increase the Intestinal Hyperpermeability are A) Immune-Inflammatory (food allergy itself and autoimmune conditions); B) Iatrogenic (steroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, antacids, antibiotics, and gastric-bypass surgeries); C) Infectious (rotavirus, HIV, SARS-CO2, Helicobacter pylori, Candida albicans, etc.); and D) Lifestyle-related (alcoholic beverages, food addiction, food overconsumption, consumption of industrialized food with high-fructose content and emulsifiers). The main factors that restore the intestinal barrier and immune tolerances are the intestinal microbiota and functional nutrients such as Vitamin A and vegetal fibers. Mucoprotectants agents, such as gelatin tannate and xyloglucan, are in study to become part of the medical arsenal to treat Intestinal Hyperpermeability conditions.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85328567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-05DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.3.186
M. Rahman, Azimuddin Azim Siraj, M. Hasan, Khaled A. H. Fahid, Tarana Jahan, Md Abdullah Yusuf
Background: A multi-modality imaging approach plays a vital role for diagnosis however have a nonspecific appearance and need pathological confirmation to arrive at a specific diagnosis. Objective: Evaluation of the demographic profile and Clinical Presentation in orbital mass lesion among paediatric group would provide a general guideline to diagnose the nature of orbital mass lesion along with each histological variety. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Radiology and Imaging of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period of January 2012 to December 2013 for duration of two year. The all patient below 18 years of age presented with suspected orbital mass and performed CT scan of orbit for diagnosis of the disease and also done histopathology after operation. Result: A total number of seventy cases were selected among them majority 25(35.7%) patients belonged to age ≤5 years and distribution of male to female ratio was 1.3:1.Clinical presentation of the patients showed that majority 52(74.1%) had decrease vision of eye and 24(34.3%) had proptosis. In this study a total of 42 benign cases was identified by histopathology among them 21.4% patients had dermoid and identified 28 malignant cases, among them 12.9% had retinoblastoma. Conclusion: Evaluation of CT scan findings in orbital mass lesion among paediatric group would provide a general guideline to diagnose the nature of mass lesion.
{"title":"Socio-Demographic Characteristics, Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis of Orbital Mass by CT Scan among Pediatric Patients attended at A Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh","authors":"M. Rahman, Azimuddin Azim Siraj, M. Hasan, Khaled A. H. Fahid, Tarana Jahan, Md Abdullah Yusuf","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.3.186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.3.186","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A multi-modality imaging approach plays a vital role for diagnosis however have a nonspecific appearance and need pathological confirmation to arrive at a specific diagnosis. \u0000Objective: Evaluation of the demographic profile and Clinical Presentation in orbital mass lesion among paediatric group would provide a general guideline to diagnose the nature of orbital mass lesion along with each histological variety. \u0000Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Radiology and Imaging of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period of January 2012 to December 2013 for duration of two year. The all patient below 18 years of age presented with suspected orbital mass and performed CT scan of orbit for diagnosis of the disease and also done histopathology after operation. \u0000Result: A total number of seventy cases were selected among them majority 25(35.7%) patients belonged to age ≤5 years and distribution of male to female ratio was 1.3:1.Clinical presentation of the patients showed that majority 52(74.1%) had decrease vision of eye and 24(34.3%) had proptosis. In this study a total of 42 benign cases was identified by histopathology among them 21.4% patients had dermoid and identified 28 malignant cases, among them 12.9% had retinoblastoma. \u0000Conclusion: Evaluation of CT scan findings in orbital mass lesion among paediatric group would provide a general guideline to diagnose the nature of mass lesion.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82599072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-21DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.2.191
Manasathreya Avk, R. M.
Background: The identification of effective laboratory biomarkers together with the clinical presentation is crucial to categorize the severity of the disease. The following biomarkers have been identified: Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Inflammatory C-reactive protein (CRP), Serum Ferritin levels, Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase. Cytokine storm is one of the most dreaded complications of COVID19 that can be treated effectively by early identification. The current study is to test and confirm the prognostic value of NLR as an economic and reliable indicator of COVID19. Methodology: The current study is a retrospective observational study. The data of COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital from the 25th of August, 2021 to the 25th of September, 2021 was analyzed. Patients were categorized into mild, moderate, and severe groups based on ICMR guidelines. The blood reports from the day one of admission were taken into consideration for this study. Results: The study included 71 patients consisting of 29 males and 42 females, with a male to female ratio of 0.69. In the present study, 52 patients are with mild disease (Males-19; Females-33), 12 (males-4; females-8) are in the moderate category, and 7 (males-1; females-6) patients have severe disease. In mild patients, the mean CRP was 4.01mg/L, the mean serum Ferritin was 214.23mcg/L, and the mean NLR was 3.62. In patients with moderate severity, the mean CRP was 5.86mg/L, the mean serum Ferritin was 383.62mcg/L, and the mean NLR was 5.67. In patients with severe disease, the mean CRP was 22.71mg/L, the mean serum Ferritin was 805mcg/L, and the mean NLR was 15.3. Conclusion: The study showed that there is a gradual increase in CRP, Serum Ferritin, and NLR with the increase in severity of disease from mild to severe. NLR is gradually increasing with increasing mean CRP and serum Ferritin levels Hence, NLR can be used as a reliable predictor of the severity of the disease instead of CRP and serum Ferritin in places lacking adequate facilities.
{"title":"The Relation between Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Inflammatory Markers in Assessing the Severity of COVID-19 Disease","authors":"Manasathreya Avk, R. M.","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.2.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.2.191","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The identification of effective laboratory biomarkers together with the clinical presentation is crucial to categorize the severity of the disease. The following biomarkers have been identified: Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Inflammatory C-reactive protein (CRP), Serum Ferritin levels, Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase. Cytokine storm is one of the most dreaded complications of COVID19 that can be treated effectively by early identification. The current study is to test and confirm the prognostic value of NLR as an economic and reliable indicator of COVID19. \u0000Methodology: The current study is a retrospective observational study. The data of COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital from the 25th of August, 2021 to the 25th of September, 2021 was analyzed. Patients were categorized into mild, moderate, and severe groups based on ICMR guidelines. The blood reports from the day one of admission were taken into consideration for this study. \u0000Results: The study included 71 patients consisting of 29 males and 42 females, with a male to female ratio of 0.69. In the present study, 52 patients are with mild disease (Males-19; Females-33), 12 (males-4; females-8) are in the moderate category, and 7 (males-1; females-6) patients have severe disease. In mild patients, the mean CRP was 4.01mg/L, the mean serum Ferritin was 214.23mcg/L, and the mean NLR was 3.62. In patients with moderate severity, the mean CRP was 5.86mg/L, the mean serum Ferritin was 383.62mcg/L, and the mean NLR was 5.67. In patients with severe disease, the mean CRP was 22.71mg/L, the mean serum Ferritin was 805mcg/L, and the mean NLR was 15.3. \u0000Conclusion: The study showed that there is a gradual increase in CRP, Serum Ferritin, and NLR with the increase in severity of disease from mild to severe. NLR is gradually increasing with increasing mean CRP and serum Ferritin levels Hence, NLR can be used as a reliable predictor of the severity of the disease instead of CRP and serum Ferritin in places lacking adequate facilities.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83338525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-18DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.3.203
A. Udristioiu, Adina Martin, Liviu Martin, Alexandru Giubelan, Daniela Udristioiu, D. Malaescu, P. Daniela, Delia Nica-Badea, D. Ungureanu
Introduction: Based on the grim statistics, the mortality of alcoholic liver disease was in last years the high in the undeveloped countries but and in developed countries in the statistic compared with last years. Aim: Scope of this work was to discover the patients diagnosed with alcoholic cirrhosis which in time was transformed in Hepatocellular Carcinoma, (HCT) by continue abuse alcohol and which presented, at a previous medical control, with the diagnosis of steatohepatitis after the chronic abuse of alcohol. Methodology: The retrospective study consisted of 180 patients, adult men (mean age 55 years) and females (mean age = 48) hospitalized and investigated for alcoholic liver diseases. From total cases investigated, 54 cases (30% from of cases admitted in hospital, meaning 27 men and 17 women), which were diagnosed with alcoholic liver cirrhosis in last 5-7 years but in next medical controls were discovered liver cancers in the 6.1% percent. Results: The majority of patients with uncompensated liver cirrhosis, (70%), have had elevated AST in average 66 U/L value, (N= 5-38U/L). Also, they have had an AST/ALT ratio 1.36, (N = 1.33) and ratio TGP/TGO = 0.95. In the liver carcinogenesis process the report AST/ALT increased in 2.64 value and ratio TGP/TGO decreased in 0.67 value. Conclusions: The active and rational lifestyle is an essential element in preventing the process of carcinogenesis. Liver disease it's not just how much you drink, but how and when you drink. The treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis will be necessary in all alcoholic liver diseases centers to prevent hepatic cancer disease.
{"title":"Neoplastic Effects of Endogenous Alcohol in Carcinogenesis Process of Hepatocarcinoma","authors":"A. Udristioiu, Adina Martin, Liviu Martin, Alexandru Giubelan, Daniela Udristioiu, D. Malaescu, P. Daniela, Delia Nica-Badea, D. Ungureanu","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.3.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.3.203","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Based on the grim statistics, the mortality of alcoholic liver disease was in last years the high in the undeveloped countries but and in developed countries in the statistic compared with last years. \u0000Aim: Scope of this work was to discover the patients diagnosed with alcoholic cirrhosis which in time was transformed in Hepatocellular Carcinoma, (HCT) by continue abuse alcohol and which presented, at a previous medical control, with the diagnosis of steatohepatitis after the chronic abuse of alcohol. \u0000Methodology: The retrospective study consisted of 180 patients, adult men (mean age 55 years) and females (mean age = 48) hospitalized and investigated for alcoholic liver diseases. From total cases investigated, 54 cases (30% from of cases admitted in hospital, meaning 27 men and 17 women), which were diagnosed with alcoholic liver cirrhosis in last 5-7 years but in next medical controls were discovered liver cancers in the 6.1% percent. \u0000Results: The majority of patients with uncompensated liver cirrhosis, (70%), have had elevated AST in average 66 U/L value, (N= 5-38U/L). Also, they have had an AST/ALT ratio 1.36, (N = 1.33) and ratio TGP/TGO = 0.95. In the liver carcinogenesis process the report AST/ALT increased in 2.64 value and ratio TGP/TGO decreased in 0.67 value. \u0000Conclusions: The active and rational lifestyle is an essential element in preventing the process of carcinogenesis. Liver disease it's not just how much you drink, but how and when you drink. The treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis will be necessary in all alcoholic liver diseases centers to prevent hepatic cancer disease.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90310516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-13DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.2.189
C. Olivier, D. G. Pinto, A. P. M. Teixeira, Jhéssica L. S. Santana, R. A. P. G. Santos, R. P. S. Lima
Background: The non—IgE-mediated food allergy syndromes are a group of conditions diagnosed mostly by clinical criteria and Oral Food Challenge tests (OFC). Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of the Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test (LAIT) to discriminate antigen-specific immunoreactivity in a group of patients with non—IgE-mediated cow’s milk allergy diagnosed by OFC and clinical criteria. Methods: Ex vivo challenge tests performed with cow’s milk proteins extracts were monitored by LAIT in two groups: A) the active group consisting of 38 patients presenting non—IgE-mediated gastrointestinal lactose-free cow’s milk hypersensitivity; B) the control group consisting of 29 cow’s milk tolerant individuals Results: The mean Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition (LAI) of the control group was 5.48%, and the mean LAI of the active group was 54.18%. The non-parametric Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test showed p < α = 0.05. Conclusion: The Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test is an ex vivo immunoassay able to predict individual non—IgE-mediated immunoreactivity against cow’s milk allergens and to act as a triage test to select food allergens to be prescribed in exclusion diets to perform OFC in patients with suspected non—IgE-mediated food allergies.
{"title":"Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test to the assessment of Immunoreactivity Against Cow’s Milk Proteins in Non—IgE-Mediated Gastrointestinal Food Allergy","authors":"C. Olivier, D. G. Pinto, A. P. M. Teixeira, Jhéssica L. S. Santana, R. A. P. G. Santos, R. P. S. Lima","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.2.189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.2.189","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The non—IgE-mediated food allergy syndromes are a group of conditions diagnosed mostly by clinical criteria and Oral Food Challenge tests (OFC). \u0000Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of the Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test (LAIT) to discriminate antigen-specific immunoreactivity in a group of patients with non—IgE-mediated cow’s milk allergy diagnosed by OFC and clinical criteria. \u0000Methods: Ex vivo challenge tests performed with cow’s milk proteins extracts were monitored by LAIT in two groups: A) the active group consisting of 38 patients presenting non—IgE-mediated gastrointestinal lactose-free cow’s milk hypersensitivity; B) the control group consisting of 29 cow’s milk tolerant individuals \u0000Results: The mean Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition (LAI) of the control group was 5.48%, and the mean LAI of the active group was 54.18%. The non-parametric Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test showed p < α = 0.05. \u0000Conclusion: The Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test is an ex vivo immunoassay able to predict individual non—IgE-mediated immunoreactivity against cow’s milk allergens and to act as a triage test to select food allergens to be prescribed in exclusion diets to perform OFC in patients with suspected non—IgE-mediated food allergies.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91115926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-05DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.2.187
A. Agarwal, Piyusha Choudhary, Rajesh K. Samota, Aditi Sharma
26 years’ female patient attended triage with complaints of fever of almost 1-month duration. She was diagnosed as a case of Brucellosis outside. However, her fever persisted and she was finally diagnosed to have new onset adult-onset still’s disease (AOSD) with active macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and multi organ failure. She met the diagnostic criteria for AOSD. She had high spiky fevers, hepatosplenomegaly, Lymphadenopathy, coagulopathy, anaemia with thrombocytopenia, hemophagocytosis, markedly elevated serum ferritin, low to absent natural killer (NK) cells, and remained unresponsive to steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) protocol treatment. Interleukin-1 (IL1) inhibitors were not available. Interleukin-6 (IL6) blockers were not considered due to greater concerns about exacerbating bacterial infections with IL-6 blockade than with IL-1 blockade and much longer half-lives of the IL-6 inhibitors. We were also reluctant in using tocilizumab or sarilumab in new-onset disease where diagnostic uncertainty remains, as is often the case. She succumbed to her disease which had rapid fulminating course with multi organ failure. Her diagnostic and therapeutic challenges are discussed.
{"title":"Adult Onset Still’s Disease Presenting as Fever of Unknown Origin: A Case Report","authors":"A. Agarwal, Piyusha Choudhary, Rajesh K. Samota, Aditi Sharma","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.2.187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.2.187","url":null,"abstract":"26 years’ female patient attended triage with complaints of fever of almost 1-month duration. She was diagnosed as a case of Brucellosis outside. However, her fever persisted and she was finally diagnosed to have new onset adult-onset still’s disease (AOSD) with active macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and multi organ failure. She met the diagnostic criteria for AOSD. She had high spiky fevers, hepatosplenomegaly, Lymphadenopathy, coagulopathy, anaemia with thrombocytopenia, hemophagocytosis, markedly elevated serum ferritin, low to absent natural killer (NK) cells, and remained unresponsive to steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) protocol treatment. Interleukin-1 (IL1) inhibitors were not available. Interleukin-6 (IL6) blockers were not considered due to greater concerns about exacerbating bacterial infections with IL-6 blockade than with IL-1 blockade and much longer half-lives of the IL-6 inhibitors. We were also reluctant in using tocilizumab or sarilumab in new-onset disease where diagnostic uncertainty remains, as is often the case. She succumbed to her disease which had rapid fulminating course with multi organ failure. Her diagnostic and therapeutic challenges are discussed.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73181101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-05DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.2.181
P. E. Oriavwote, A. Ikwuka
Aims/Objectives: This study aimed to throw more light on how common self-medication is, among the American International University West Africa (AIUWA), The Gambia’s student population, the common patterns, and the factors that aid or prevent self-medication among the students. Materials and Methods: This study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional design. A sample of 168 AIUWA students was collected online. Qualitative data was hardcoded and data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariable binary logistic regression to determine the correlation between factors for, and outcomes of self-medication. Results and Discussion: 38.9% of the respondents practiced self-medication. The most common rationale for self-medication is the perception of the illness to be mild (42%) and having similar symptoms in the past (36.2%). Other reasons were availability of home remedies (26.1%) or drugs for self-medication (20.3%), emergency use (17.4%), and because self-medication saves time. The least common reasons given for self-medicating were clinic being far away (2.9%) and being a health worker or practicing nurse (1.4%). Knowledge from the past experiences of an illness (51.5%) and online sources (26.5%) were the most common sources of knowledge for self-medication. The most common medications used are Paracetamol (60.9%) and antibiotics (46.4%) and the most common conditions treated are headache (52.2%) and cold symptoms (46.4%). Less than half of the respondents (46.4%) self-medicated according to the recommended duration, 42% were sure that they did not take the medication for the correct duration of time and 11.6% did not even bother to check. Almost all the participants who self-medicated said that the medication solved the health condition they treated. Majority of the students who practiced self-medication preferred orthodox medicines to alternative medicines. By far, the most common source of drugs for self-medication was the drug store (81.4%), followed by friends and family (16.7%), drugs stored at home (15.7%), and home remedies (15.7%). Most of the students sometimes read the prescribing information before using a medication, and 51.2% do not support the idea of self-medication. In addition, self-medication was significantly associated with being a student in the health science center (p<0.001), married (p<0.05) or single (p<0.05), and being in or beyond the third year of studies (p<0.05). Conclusions: Almost half of the respondents admitted to having practiced self-medication because they perceived their illness to be mild. Students who were significantly more likely to self-medicate were those in the health science center, those who are married or single, and those who have reached or passed the third year of studies.
{"title":"Patterns and Factors Influencing Self-Medication among Students of The American International University West Africa (Aiuwa), The Gambia","authors":"P. E. Oriavwote, A. Ikwuka","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.2.181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.2.181","url":null,"abstract":"Aims/Objectives: This study aimed to throw more light on how common self-medication is, among the American International University West Africa (AIUWA), The Gambia’s student population, the common patterns, and the factors that aid or prevent self-medication among the students. \u0000Materials and Methods: This study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional design. A sample of 168 AIUWA students was collected online. Qualitative data was hardcoded and data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariable binary logistic regression to determine the correlation between factors for, and outcomes of self-medication. \u0000Results and Discussion: 38.9% of the respondents practiced self-medication. The most common rationale for self-medication is the perception of the illness to be mild (42%) and having similar symptoms in the past (36.2%). Other reasons were availability of home remedies (26.1%) or drugs for self-medication (20.3%), emergency use (17.4%), and because self-medication saves time. The least common reasons given for self-medicating were clinic being far away (2.9%) and being a health worker or practicing nurse (1.4%). Knowledge from the past experiences of an illness (51.5%) and online sources (26.5%) were the most common sources of knowledge for self-medication. The most common medications used are Paracetamol (60.9%) and antibiotics (46.4%) and the most common conditions treated are headache (52.2%) and cold symptoms (46.4%). Less than half of the respondents (46.4%) self-medicated according to the recommended duration, 42% were sure that they did not take the medication for the correct duration of time and 11.6% did not even bother to check. Almost all the participants who self-medicated said that the medication solved the health condition they treated. Majority of the students who practiced self-medication preferred orthodox medicines to alternative medicines. By far, the most common source of drugs for self-medication was the drug store (81.4%), followed by friends and family (16.7%), drugs stored at home (15.7%), and home remedies (15.7%). Most of the students sometimes read the prescribing information before using a medication, and 51.2% do not support the idea of self-medication. In addition, self-medication was significantly associated with being a student in the health science center (p<0.001), married (p<0.05) or single (p<0.05), and being in or beyond the third year of studies (p<0.05). \u0000Conclusions: Almost half of the respondents admitted to having practiced self-medication because they perceived their illness to be mild. Students who were significantly more likely to self-medicate were those in the health science center, those who are married or single, and those who have reached or passed the third year of studies.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83078049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.2.131
Alhasan Asaad, Isra Al Mahruqi, Kawthar Al Kharousi, Saniha Malik
Background: Self-medication which is the selection and self-administration of medicines to manage or treat symptoms, has become a quite common practice that is on the rise. Objectives: exploring the prevalence of self-medication practices among medical students, and its different patterns across the batches of the medicine program, and identifying and assessing the different reasons behind self-medication practices among medical students. Methods: A cross sectional study directed at medical students at the National University of Sciences and Technology in Sohar and Rustaq’s campuses, in Oman. It included students from the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh years. 212 responses were obtained in total. Data was collected through confidential anonymous questionnaires after obtaining consents. Results: Of the 212 responses, 88.7% were females, while only 11.3% were males, their ages ranging from 17 to above 26. The prevalence of self-medication was 63.2%, most of those who self-medicated were younger, female students, with over-the-counter drugs due to previous experiences and mildness of the symptoms. The most common ailments that prompted the students to self-medicate included headaches, cold and fever. Conclusion: the prevalence of self-medication amongst medical students in the National University of Sciences and Technology in Oman, is quite high. This calls for an early intervention and raising awareness on the topic.
{"title":"Patterns and Prevalence of Self-Medication Practices among Medical Students in Oman","authors":"Alhasan Asaad, Isra Al Mahruqi, Kawthar Al Kharousi, Saniha Malik","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.2.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.2.131","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Self-medication which is the selection and self-administration of medicines to manage or treat symptoms, has become a quite common practice that is on the rise. \u0000Objectives: exploring the prevalence of self-medication practices among medical students, and its different patterns across the batches of the medicine program, and identifying and assessing the different reasons behind self-medication practices among medical students. \u0000Methods: A cross sectional study directed at medical students at the National University of Sciences and Technology in Sohar and Rustaq’s campuses, in Oman. It included students from the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh years. 212 responses were obtained in total. Data was collected through confidential anonymous questionnaires after obtaining consents. \u0000Results: Of the 212 responses, 88.7% were females, while only 11.3% were males, their ages ranging from 17 to above 26. The prevalence of self-medication was 63.2%, most of those who self-medicated were younger, female students, with over-the-counter drugs due to previous experiences and mildness of the symptoms. The most common ailments that prompted the students to self-medicate included headaches, cold and fever. \u0000Conclusion: the prevalence of self-medication amongst medical students in the National University of Sciences and Technology in Oman, is quite high. This calls for an early intervention and raising awareness on the topic.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87134309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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