Patients with cleft lip and palate require long-term, multistage and multidisciplinary treatment whose first step is presurgical orthopaedic (PSO) treatment. The reconstruction of the lip, alveolar process and nose in these patients are major plastic surgery challenges. Various presurgical procedures are undertaken to achieve opti-mal surgical outcomes. The aim of this article is to present selected techniques for the presurgical cleft lip and palate treatment in infants and critically evaluate the benefits, limitations and drawbacks of the methods used. The research was based on the literature review using keywords: presurgical treatment of cleft lip and palate in infants, presurgical orthopaedics in the treatment of cleft lip and palate in infants in PubMed, Google Scholar databases, and publications in orthodontics and infant orthopaedics out of these databases. PSO is a minimally invasive therapy performed between birth and first surgery. Anatomical and functional cleft palate disorders constitute indications for PSO. There are positive reports on PSO techniques and some of them can be imple-mented by the child’s caregivers at home. The authors of studies disagree on the PSO effectiveness. The lack of long-term research results, high costs of therapy and few therapy centres negatively influence the decision to undertake the therapy
{"title":"Presurgical techniques for the treatment of cleft lip and palate in infants – a review of the literature","authors":"Joanna Górska, J. Kalinowska, B. Racka-Pilszak","doi":"10.31373/ejtcm/149637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31373/ejtcm/149637","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with cleft lip and palate require long-term, multistage and multidisciplinary treatment whose first step is presurgical orthopaedic (PSO) treatment. The reconstruction of the lip, alveolar process and nose in these patients are major plastic surgery challenges. Various presurgical procedures are undertaken to achieve opti-mal surgical outcomes. The aim of this article is to present selected techniques for the presurgical cleft lip and palate treatment in infants and critically evaluate the benefits, limitations and drawbacks of the methods used. The research was based on the literature review using keywords: presurgical treatment of cleft lip and palate in infants, presurgical orthopaedics in the treatment of cleft lip and palate in infants in PubMed, Google Scholar databases, and publications in orthodontics and infant orthopaedics out of these databases. PSO is a minimally invasive therapy performed between birth and first surgery. Anatomical and functional cleft palate disorders constitute indications for PSO. There are positive reports on PSO techniques and some of them can be imple-mented by the child’s caregivers at home. The authors of studies disagree on the PSO effectiveness. The lack of long-term research results, high costs of therapy and few therapy centres negatively influence the decision to undertake the therapy","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42420564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Kocić, M. Kocić, I. Rusiecka, Adam Kocić, Eliza Kocić
Introduction: This review aims to present briefly the new horizon opened to pharmacology by the deep learning (DL) technology, but also to underline the most important threats and limitations of this method. Material and Methods: We searched multiple databases for articles published before May 2021 according to the preferred reported item related to deep learning and drug research. Out of the 267 articles retrieved, we included 49 in the final review Results: DL and other different types of artificial intelligence have recently entered all spheres of science, taking an increasingly central position in the decision-making processes, also in pharmacology. Hence, there is a need for better understanding of these technologies. The basic differences between AI (artificial intelligence), DL and ML (machine learning) are explained. Additionally, the authors try to highlight the role of deep learning methods in drug research and development as well as in improving the safety of pharmacotherapy. Finally, future directions of DL in pharmacology were outlined as well as possible misuses of it. Conclusion: DL is a promising and powerful tool for comprehensive analysis of big data related to all fields of pharmacology, however it has to be used carefully.
{"title":"Deep learning in pharmacology: opportunities and threats","authors":"I. Kocić, M. Kocić, I. Rusiecka, Adam Kocić, Eliza Kocić","doi":"10.31373/ejtcm/149217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31373/ejtcm/149217","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This review aims to present briefly the new horizon opened to pharmacology by the deep learning (DL) technology, but also to underline the most important threats and limitations of this method. Material and Methods: We searched multiple databases for articles published before May 2021 according to the preferred reported item related to deep learning and drug research. Out of the 267 articles retrieved, we included 49 in the final review Results: DL and other different types of artificial intelligence have recently entered all spheres of science, taking an increasingly central position in the decision-making processes, also in pharmacology. Hence, there is a need for better understanding of these technologies. The basic differences between AI (artificial intelligence), DL and ML (machine learning) are explained. Additionally, the authors try to highlight the role of deep learning methods in drug research and development as well as in improving the safety of pharmacotherapy. Finally, future directions of DL in pharmacology were outlined as well as possible misuses of it. Conclusion: DL is a promising and powerful tool for comprehensive analysis of big data related to all fields of pharmacology, however it has to be used carefully.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49484651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Krakowiak, P. Sokal, Marcin Rusinek, Marcin Rudaś
Background: Transpedicular screw placement remains the gold standard technique for stabilization of the lum - bar spine. Material and methods: This is a retrospective study that analyzes patients that underwent the spinal stabilization surgical procedure. We compared results from two independent neurosurgical centers. In the years 2012-2015, the O-arm and StealthStation neuronavigation system was used for implantation of transpedicular screws. From 2018 to 2020 the transcutaneous pedicle screw placement procedure was performed using a standard C-arm device. Results: In 208 procedures performed with the O-arm device, the accuracy of screw position was 98.08%. Screw repositioning was necessary in 1.92% of all cases. In the 30 procedures that were performed using the C-arm, the accuracy of the screws was 86.7% and the screw reposition procedure acco - unted for 10% (in one case screws were not replaced due to clinical sequelae). Conclusions: Our data show that the spinal fusion with the O-arm tool has more accuracy, thus might be more indicated in procedures that require minimally invasive spinal stabilization.
{"title":"Comparison of the O-arm and C-arm guided pedicle screws placement","authors":"M. Krakowiak, P. Sokal, Marcin Rusinek, Marcin Rudaś","doi":"10.31373/ejtcm/154811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31373/ejtcm/154811","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Transpedicular screw placement remains the gold standard technique for stabilization of the lum - bar spine. Material and methods: This is a retrospective study that analyzes patients that underwent the spinal stabilization surgical procedure. We compared results from two independent neurosurgical centers. In the years 2012-2015, the O-arm and StealthStation neuronavigation system was used for implantation of transpedicular screws. From 2018 to 2020 the transcutaneous pedicle screw placement procedure was performed using a standard C-arm device. Results: In 208 procedures performed with the O-arm device, the accuracy of screw position was 98.08%. Screw repositioning was necessary in 1.92% of all cases. In the 30 procedures that were performed using the C-arm, the accuracy of the screws was 86.7% and the screw reposition procedure acco - unted for 10% (in one case screws were not replaced due to clinical sequelae). Conclusions: Our data show that the spinal fusion with the O-arm tool has more accuracy, thus might be more indicated in procedures that require minimally invasive spinal stabilization.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49239926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Carpal Tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common medical condition that occurs when the median nerve is compressed at the carpal tunnel. Many people, particularly females, in the general population are affected with CTS. This study aims to determine the level of awareness of CTS among dental professionals in India and Malaysia. Material and Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out among dentists in India and Ma - laysian, from August 2020 to November 2020. 150 professional dentists with a minimum of one year of work experience were included in the study. Dentists who worked full-time as academicians were excluded. The survey form was circulated using WhatsApp. The SPSS software package was used to analyze the data collected from the sample. Results: Both Indian and Malaysian participants thought that the main symptom is tingling and numbness. Both groups stated that minimizing the stress on the wrist would prevent CTS. 100% of Malaysian participants thought that CTS could affect job performance, though those from Indian marked that it also affects social life and sleep. Conclusion: The awareness of CTS among both Indian and Malaysian dentists was adequate. Furthermore, there is a strong correlation between CTS and chronic disease like rheumatoid arthritis.
{"title":"Comparative study on awareness about carpal tunnel syndrome among dental professionals in India and Malaysia","authors":"R. Devi, Saravana Kumar, A. Priya","doi":"10.31373/ejtcm/149226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31373/ejtcm/149226","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Carpal Tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common medical condition that occurs when the median nerve is compressed at the carpal tunnel. Many people, particularly females, in the general population are affected with CTS. This study aims to determine the level of awareness of CTS among dental professionals in India and Malaysia. Material and Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out among dentists in India and Ma - laysian, from August 2020 to November 2020. 150 professional dentists with a minimum of one year of work experience were included in the study. Dentists who worked full-time as academicians were excluded. The survey form was circulated using WhatsApp. The SPSS software package was used to analyze the data collected from the sample. Results: Both Indian and Malaysian participants thought that the main symptom is tingling and numbness. Both groups stated that minimizing the stress on the wrist would prevent CTS. 100% of Malaysian participants thought that CTS could affect job performance, though those from Indian marked that it also affects social life and sleep. Conclusion: The awareness of CTS among both Indian and Malaysian dentists was adequate. Furthermore, there is a strong correlation between CTS and chronic disease like rheumatoid arthritis.","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45770919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-26DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.6.231
Natália Ferrari, M. O. Santos, Marcela Rodrigues da Cunha Alvarenga, Dáfane Lima Miguel, Letícia Peres Moraes, Ana Laura Braga, Brenda Mamed Jordão Cetrone, Otávio Augusto Fonseca Veiga, Rodrigo Wenglarek Delorenzo, Juliana Carolina Barbarelli, F. A. Borghi
Introduction: Eating disorders are not restricted to changes in eating habits, but also involve physical and emotional changes in individuals. These habits can lead to several consequences on health and quality of life. To point out the effects that the COVID-19 pandemic had on the lives of individuals with eating disorders and report its consequences on the quality of medical care, interpersonal relationships, and mental health in the context of social isolation. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of scientific articles was carried out from August to December 2021. The target files for the study were written between the years 2019 to 2021. The modalities of articles included were cohort type, randomized clinical trials and non-randomized, and case reports. Finally, to evaluate the variables, the method “The GRADE approach” was used. Results: A total of 43 articles were found. The notorious negative impact on the mental health of patients during the pandemic was observed, whether due to social, economic, and even media situations. The emergence of three major problems stands out: social restrictions, functional impairments, and limitations of access to professional support. Consequently, as a way of seeking comfort, many people used food as a method of relief, increasing the intensity and incidence of overweight/obesity and worsening emotional well-being. On the other hand, other individuals started to practice excessive physical activity, which also becomes harmful. Another unfavorable factor for the health of individuals was the commitment to medical care, due to the various safety protocols and restrictions imposed against the spread of the virus and the population's own fear. Conclusion: The pandemic had a great impact on individual and collective quality of life, as evidenced by the studies found. However, its long-term consequences are still unclear. There was a proven accentuation in cases of psychiatric disorders (such as anxiety and depression) and in eating disorders, especially in the young adult population and, in general, individuals with a history of mental and eating disorders.
{"title":"Food Disorder during the SARS-COV-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review","authors":"Natália Ferrari, M. O. Santos, Marcela Rodrigues da Cunha Alvarenga, Dáfane Lima Miguel, Letícia Peres Moraes, Ana Laura Braga, Brenda Mamed Jordão Cetrone, Otávio Augusto Fonseca Veiga, Rodrigo Wenglarek Delorenzo, Juliana Carolina Barbarelli, F. A. Borghi","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.6.231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.6.231","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Introduction: Eating disorders are not restricted to changes in eating habits, but also involve physical and emotional changes in individuals. These habits can lead to several consequences on health and quality of life. To point out the effects that the COVID-19 pandemic had on the lives of individuals with eating disorders and report its consequences on the quality of medical care, interpersonal relationships, and mental health in the context of social isolation. \u0000\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods: A systematic review of scientific articles was carried out from August to December 2021. The target files for the study were written between the years 2019 to 2021. The modalities of articles included were cohort type, randomized clinical trials and non-randomized, and case reports. Finally, to evaluate the variables, the method “The GRADE approach” was used. \u0000\u0000\u0000Results: A total of 43 articles were found. The notorious negative impact on the mental health of patients during the pandemic was observed, whether due to social, economic, and even media situations. The emergence of three major problems stands out: social restrictions, functional impairments, and limitations of access to professional support. Consequently, as a way of seeking comfort, many people used food as a method of relief, increasing the intensity and incidence of overweight/obesity and worsening emotional well-being. On the other hand, other individuals started to practice excessive physical activity, which also becomes harmful. Another unfavorable factor for the health of individuals was the commitment to medical care, due to the various safety protocols and restrictions imposed against the spread of the virus and the population's own fear. \u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The pandemic had a great impact on individual and collective quality of life, as evidenced by the studies found. However, its long-term consequences are still unclear. There was a proven accentuation in cases of psychiatric disorders (such as anxiety and depression) and in eating disorders, especially in the young adult population and, in general, individuals with a history of mental and eating disorders. \u0000","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84899360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-26DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.6.228
Chelsey Lawson, Patrick Batti, Prerna Singh, M. Usman, F. Bashir, Benish Alam, G. Asaolu, Shaymaa Abdelmalek, B. M. J. Sayo, Epiniah S. Choga, T. Khan, Hammad Zafar, A. Adedoyin, Maryam Ahmed, Mohammed Numaan Ahmed
Introduction: Breast arterial calcification (BAC) is considered a prediction tool for cardiovascular disease (CVD) screening as it has shown some association. The current systematic review reports the evidence on BAC detected on screening mammography and occurrence risk or likelihood of CVD among women. Methods: Three databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar, were searched by three independent reviewers. Results: A total of 34,887 patients across six studies were assessed in the systematic review. The incidence of BAC on the mammogram was 10.3%. The odds or likelihood of developing CVD was higher among BAC+ women. Hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and family history of CVD were more prevalent in BAC+ women and menopause. Conclusion: Further studies are required to develop a semi-quantitative index of BAC for CVD screening to establish BAC as a predictor of CVD further.
{"title":"Breast Arterial Calcifications as A Predictor of Cardiovascular Risk: A Systematic Review","authors":"Chelsey Lawson, Patrick Batti, Prerna Singh, M. Usman, F. Bashir, Benish Alam, G. Asaolu, Shaymaa Abdelmalek, B. M. J. Sayo, Epiniah S. Choga, T. Khan, Hammad Zafar, A. Adedoyin, Maryam Ahmed, Mohammed Numaan Ahmed","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.6.228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.6.228","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Introduction: Breast arterial calcification (BAC) is considered a prediction tool for cardiovascular disease (CVD) screening as it has shown some association. The current systematic review reports the evidence on BAC detected on screening mammography and occurrence risk or likelihood of CVD among women.\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods: Three databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar, were searched by three independent reviewers.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results: A total of 34,887 patients across six studies were assessed in the systematic review. The incidence of BAC on the mammogram was 10.3%. The odds or likelihood of developing CVD was higher among BAC+ women. Hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and family history of CVD were more prevalent in BAC+ women and menopause. \u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Further studies are required to develop a semi-quantitative index of BAC for CVD screening to establish BAC as a predictor of CVD further.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85160911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-26DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.6.190
Bemora Joseph Synèse, Ramarokoto Mijoro, Rakotoarivelo Joe Andry, B. Mugica, Ratovondrainy Willy, Rabarijaona Mamiarisoa
The external ventricular drainage (EVD) is a device indicated in cases of acute hydrocephalus and in certain cases of intracranial hypertension. The main objective of our study is to determine the frequency of the complication of an EVD at the Centre HospitalierUniversitaire Joseph Ravohangy Andrianavalona (CHU-JRA). This is a retrospective and descriptive study. During the targeted period, 64 patients were operated for EVD, of which 45 had a complication (70.31%). The infectious complication predominated in 43.75% of cases. All patients were operated for ventricular hemorrhage. Antibiotic prophylaxis before surgery was systematic for all patients. The most frequent germ was Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. The average duration of catheterization was 14.47 days, the average duration of onset of the complication was 7.96 days. Despite systematic insertion of the EVD in the operating room and the existence of a dedicated care protocol, the rate of an EVD-related complication remains high in our center.
{"title":"Complications of External Ventricular Drainage at CHU-JRA Antananarivo Madagascar","authors":"Bemora Joseph Synèse, Ramarokoto Mijoro, Rakotoarivelo Joe Andry, B. Mugica, Ratovondrainy Willy, Rabarijaona Mamiarisoa","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.6.190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.6.190","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The external ventricular drainage (EVD) is a device indicated in cases of acute hydrocephalus and in certain cases of intracranial hypertension. The main objective of our study is to determine the frequency of the complication of an EVD at the Centre HospitalierUniversitaire Joseph Ravohangy Andrianavalona (CHU-JRA). This is a retrospective and descriptive study. During the targeted period, 64 patients were operated for EVD, of which 45 had a complication (70.31%). The infectious complication predominated in 43.75% of cases. All patients were operated for ventricular hemorrhage. Antibiotic prophylaxis before surgery was systematic for all patients. The most frequent germ was Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. The average duration of catheterization was 14.47 days, the average duration of onset of the complication was 7.96 days. Despite systematic insertion of the EVD in the operating room and the existence of a dedicated care protocol, the rate of an EVD-related complication remains high in our center.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91287584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-26DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.6.145
Sharanya Marik, A. Arora, S. Saini
Context: Psychological distress in cancer patients is a well recognized but under diagnosed problem. Aims: This study aimed to study the prevalence and pattern of distress among cancer patients visiting the out-patient department of oncology. Settings and Design: This was a prospective observational study, carried out at Cancer Research Institute, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India, between January 2018 and April 2018. Material and Methods: We enrolled 390 cancer patients prospectively after written informed consent. Their demographic, disease and treatment details were recorded. Self reporting Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used for anxiety and depression. Statistical analysis used: After checking for normality of data, normal data was analyzed using Parametric, non-normal using Non-parametric methods. Association between baseline and outcome categorical variables was tested with Chi-square test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Spearman’s Rho was used for linear correlation. Results: The prevalence of anxiety was 34.6% and depression 40.3% Factors significantly associated with anxiety were female gender (p=0.051), advanced stage (p=0.036), primary site (p=0.006); with depression advanced stage (p=0.001) and number of metastatic sites (p=0.025). Linear correlation between anxiety and depression was strong (Spearman’s rho= 0.735). Conclusions: The prevalence of cancer related psychological distress is high in out-patients. Variables like female gender, primary tumor site, advanced stage and number of metastasis were significantly associated with distress.
{"title":"Pattern of Psychological Distress in Cancer Patients Visiting Out-Patient Department- A Prospective Study in A Tertiary Cancer Care Hospital in Northern India","authors":"Sharanya Marik, A. Arora, S. Saini","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.6.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.6.145","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Context: Psychological distress in cancer patients is a well recognized but under diagnosed problem.\u0000\u0000\u0000Aims: This study aimed to study the prevalence and pattern of distress among cancer patients visiting the out-patient department of oncology.\u0000\u0000\u0000Settings and Design: This was a prospective observational study, carried out at Cancer Research Institute, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India, between January 2018 and April 2018.\u0000\u0000\u0000Material and Methods: We enrolled 390 cancer patients prospectively after written informed consent. Their demographic, disease and treatment details were recorded. Self reporting Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used for anxiety and depression.\u0000\u0000\u0000Statistical analysis used: After checking for normality of data, normal data was analyzed using Parametric, non-normal using Non-parametric methods. Association between baseline and outcome categorical variables was tested with Chi-square test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Spearman’s Rho was used for linear correlation.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results: The prevalence of anxiety was 34.6% and depression 40.3% Factors significantly associated with anxiety were female gender (p=0.051), advanced stage (p=0.036), primary site (p=0.006); with depression advanced stage (p=0.001) and number of metastatic sites (p=0.025). Linear correlation between anxiety and depression was strong (Spearman’s rho= 0.735).\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusions: The prevalence of cancer related psychological distress is high in out-patients. Variables like female gender, primary tumor site, advanced stage and number of metastasis were significantly associated with distress. \u0000","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81466050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-26DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.6.236
B. Eze, N. Okoloagu, S. Mba
Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is a reliable, objective and reproducible method of summative assessment of clinical competence. The aim of this study is to evaluate the reliability of OSCE for summative evaluation of final year medical students in both Internal Medicine and Surgery. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of summative assessment of final-year medical students in Internal Medicine and Surgery at College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology. The students’ clinical competence was tested by OSCE. The OSCE consisted of two parts. The A part (picture OSCE, replacing traditional short cases) in which questions were given to students from slide shows. The B part (clinical OSCE, replacing traditional long case) consisted of clinical OSCE stations to test students’ ability and skills in history taking, physical examination, counselling/communication skills, ability to make diagnosis, interpretation of laboratory/radiological results and ability to manage common medical emergencies and conditions. The students' scores in the picture OSCE, clinical OSCE, and final total clinical score scores in both Internal Medicine and Surgery were collated and subjected to analysis with SPSS version 25 (IBM; SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Correlation was assessed by Pearson correlation, mean scores compared with paired t-test, reliability assessed by calculating Cronbach's alpha. Statistical significance was considered as p <0.05. A total of 120 students sat for the examinations. There were significant positive correlations between students’ score in Surgery clinical OSCE and Internal Medicine clinical OSCE, r =0.617 (p=0.000); students’ scores in Surgery picture OSCE and Internal Medicine Picture OSCE, r=0.647 (p=0.000); and students’ scores in Surgery clinical examinations and Internal Medicine clinical examinations, r= 0.750 (p=0.000). The reliability of Surgery clinical examinations was 0.851 while the reliability of Internal Medicine clinical examinations was 0.816. OSCE is a more reliable tool than traditional method for the summative assessment of final year medical students. OSCE gives a higher correlation coefficient and Cronbach alpha than the traditional method of assessment.
{"title":"Objective Structured Clinical Examination as A Reliable tool in the Summative Evaluation of Final Year Medical Students at Enugu State University College of Medicine","authors":"B. Eze, N. Okoloagu, S. Mba","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.6.236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.6.236","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is a reliable, objective and reproducible method of summative assessment of clinical competence. The aim of this study is to evaluate the reliability of OSCE for summative evaluation of final year medical students in both Internal Medicine and Surgery. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of summative assessment of final-year medical students in Internal Medicine and Surgery at College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology. The students’ clinical competence was tested by OSCE. The OSCE consisted of two parts. The A part (picture OSCE, replacing traditional short cases) in which questions were given to students from slide shows. The B part (clinical OSCE, replacing traditional long case) consisted of clinical OSCE stations to test students’ ability and skills in history taking, physical examination, counselling/communication skills, ability to make diagnosis, interpretation of laboratory/radiological results and ability to manage common medical emergencies and conditions. The students' scores in the picture OSCE, clinical OSCE, and final total clinical score scores in both Internal Medicine and Surgery were collated and subjected to analysis with SPSS version 25 (IBM; SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Correlation was assessed by Pearson correlation, mean scores compared with paired t-test, reliability assessed by calculating Cronbach's alpha. Statistical significance was considered as p <0.05. A total of 120 students sat for the examinations. There were significant positive correlations between students’ score in Surgery clinical OSCE and Internal Medicine clinical OSCE, r =0.617 (p=0.000); students’ scores in Surgery picture OSCE and Internal Medicine Picture OSCE, r=0.647 (p=0.000); and students’ scores in Surgery clinical examinations and Internal Medicine clinical examinations, r= 0.750 (p=0.000). The reliability of Surgery clinical examinations was 0.851 while the reliability of Internal Medicine clinical examinations was 0.816. OSCE is a more reliable tool than traditional method for the summative assessment of final year medical students. OSCE gives a higher correlation coefficient and Cronbach alpha than the traditional method of assessment.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79287578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-23DOI: 10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.5.230
Natália Ferrari, M. O. Santos, Marcela Rodrigues da Cunha Alvarenga, Letícia Peres Moraes, Dáfane Lima Miguel, Melchior Moser, Flavio Quessada
Introduction: Takotsubo Syndrome (TTS) is presented as a temporary loss of systolic function, it is usually associated with emotional or physical stress. However, its pathophysiology is not well defined. Thus, this article seeks the relationship between the genetic factor and the development of Takotsubo Syndrome. Methodology: The study is about a narrative review and two case reports on TTS. Results: TTS is related to the excess of catecholamines, and its genetic linkage is strongly considered due to recent studies where occasionally it has been noticed its hereditary connections, such as: increased cardiac sensitivity to catecholamines and cardiac vulnerability to adrenergic stressors, impaired regulation of norepinephrine release, syndrome fragile X, and CD36 deficiency. Discussion: There is still no conclusion of the leading factors to TTS. However, being female, being in the postmenopausal period, and exposed to stressful conditions are some of the risk factors that can develop the disease, and which are better accepted by the scientific community. Conclusions: Although TTS is a disease of low prevalence, it is increasingly present in the routine of the cardiologist. The great difficulty lies in its diagnosis as it does not present a pathognomonic symptom and it is similar to other diseases, such as ACS. This causes it to pass absent-mindedly during the emergency primary investigation. Thus, there is a need to expand studies related to this disease and to investigate its genetic association.
{"title":"Takotsubo Syndrome and Its Genetic Relationship: Case Report and Narrative Literature Review","authors":"Natália Ferrari, M. O. Santos, Marcela Rodrigues da Cunha Alvarenga, Letícia Peres Moraes, Dáfane Lima Miguel, Melchior Moser, Flavio Quessada","doi":"10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.5.230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.5.230","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Introduction: Takotsubo Syndrome (TTS) is presented as a temporary loss of systolic function, it is usually associated with emotional or physical stress. However, its pathophysiology is not well defined. Thus, this article seeks the relationship between the genetic factor and the development of Takotsubo Syndrome. \u0000\u0000\u0000Methodology: The study is about a narrative review and two case reports on TTS. \u0000\u0000\u0000Results: TTS is related to the excess of catecholamines, and its genetic linkage is strongly considered due to recent studies where occasionally it has been noticed its hereditary connections, such as: increased cardiac sensitivity to catecholamines and cardiac vulnerability to adrenergic stressors, impaired regulation of norepinephrine release, syndrome fragile X, and CD36 deficiency. \u0000\u0000\u0000Discussion: There is still no conclusion of the leading factors to TTS. However, being female, being in the postmenopausal period, and exposed to stressful conditions are some of the risk factors that can develop the disease, and which are better accepted by the scientific community.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusions: Although TTS is a disease of low prevalence, it is increasingly present in the routine of the cardiologist. The great difficulty lies in its diagnosis as it does not present a pathognomonic symptom and it is similar to other diseases, such as ACS. This causes it to pass absent-mindedly during the emergency primary investigation. Thus, there is a need to expand studies related to this disease and to investigate its genetic association.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52409,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78414678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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